on this january afternoon under the magnificent dome of the senate the debate begins a debate which is not exactly popular maybe because it's about polynesia a country some eighteen thousand kilometers away with a different world yet this is a day that could go down in history. to deny the environmental damage throughout in particular in french polynesia is to deny a part of every polynesians identity depriving them of their land their environment is to deprive them of part of themselves the guy who this stone comes from or. sits and this is exactly what all of this is about this afternoon nothing else this is more. to it is all that's visualized the forty one flashes in the thermonuclear explosions in the middle of the sky should move above more money for magnificent

said some of your predecessors minister. just let's visualize again the one hundred thirty one underground explosions and underwater blasts one hundred twenty three of which were and more or less atolls minister my dear colleagues if i offered you this stone would you feel safe placing it under the pillow of your loved ones every night or wouldn't you at least like to have a choice know that there are none of the parents and none of their children had this choice. after the first nuclear tests in nine hundred sixty in the midst of the algerian uprising france needed to find new frontiers as empty and as barren to steal jewry and desert. three years later from society to continue its atomic saga

in polynesia. for the principles and conditions the circumstances that have led us here good have determined that we need to equip ourselves with at tomic force. and then we stand by the decision which we have come to schools to reach to build and if required to use our own atomic force. that same year a member of the territorial council on his way to paris was summoned to the lose a palace to testify. general de gaulle spoke very little of polynesia and he didn't tell me about the two a tall it's. enough he underlined the need to get to work if it was urgent we had to act quickly. recently for him the experiments had to take place and go well.

for this they needed vast open spaces remote and sparsely inhabited french polynesia was just that a large area bigger than europe the need didn't know was that two years earlier in one nine hundred sixty one topographic surveys had already been carried out. at one point he might have seen that i was embarrassed that i was questioning myself and i didn't even have time to talk see he told me that if it didn't go well you know there could have been a fair because he would declare that french polynesia would become a military territory there. just so be good i knew that fred the state would take it by force i knew where end it would come to it was too important for friends and for to go from here on february the six to nine hundred sixty four the territorial assembly of polynesia buckled under

pressure and approved the general's decision as a result to little known atolls and for tougher were taken over by the state and became defacto military zones and there were no grounds upon which to claim ownership of those assholes your car owners were still there so there's a lot at least have some courtesy as the polite thing to do is ask their own is if you can move in if not ok have a discussion around a table but hear nothing they moved in by force or force out with no regard for us whatsoever. the reason given by the government was the launch of the crucial pacific experimentation center project this year because c.p. started being built a month things got moving and tempers were on me we were heading towards profit. when profit. to go wanted a credible nuclear deterrent it was

a priority and nobody questioned the costs involved a few months later. a true show of france's military power. everyone was overjoyed to get within a few years the traditional culture would have completely disappeared. but. soon hundreds of workers were hired and rushed in from all over polynesia. a camp was built to hells up to four thousand people four hundred fifty kilometers to the north the i told of how they came the largest tickle hope of the experimentation center. forty five years later the daily hustle and bustle is nothing but a distant memory only rundown remains like this problem to bear witness to its

former glory. the buzzing operation that once employed two thousand five hundred people has become nothing more than a ghost town. one hundred ninety three blasts took place over the thirty years of the polynesian nuclear project. throughout this time the official position always remains the same everything is under control and the tests are safe. we were always very poorly informed about these things we recognized what happened here ashima nagasaki and we knew what had happened during different american english experiments but we didn't realize what it represented and what it would

represent for us it is true that at the time scientists really had no way of knowing for sure and were guided by little more than intuition especially when it came to such an important factor as wind direction which determined whether they would proceed with a test. in the one hundred sixty s. we didn't have numerical models of weather predictions so we used radio signals at about fifteen sites here the radio signals detected a balloon and by the location of the balloon and we could see the wind altitudes and then we mapped out these fifteen points and once we knew the different altitude levels of the wind the weather forecasters could use the maps to figure out the distribution of different winds in the area they. don't. understand the spread of particles that were possibly contaminated with the c p had developed a forecasting model but these models were relatively simple more than they predicted

a certain subjects so we had a lot of faith in this trajectory that we now know that the atmosphere was far more chaotic and the margin for error was much bigger than we believed so we must take into account these uncertainties that can after a few hours in fact reach several hundred kilometers. based on evidence from the first experiment on july the second one nine hundred sixty six the mushroom cloud didn't follow the predicted trajectory at all it quickly reached the gumby archipelago and a few hours later. hit the land of man go along with it six hundred inhabitants today we would call this collateral damage it would be forty years before we found out the truth buried in a document classified as top secret at the time. mangere riva reads ten billion per hour in half an hour and asked for information face to face from the local authorities. it might be necessary to reduce the real figures so as not

to lose the trust of the people who realized that something had been hidden from them after the first blast. to general de gaulle know the truth was it hidden from him as well whatever the case this is what he had to say a few weeks later in t.t. . as you know all of the arrangements that have been made are of no disadvantage whatsoever to the dia people. it wasn't until the publication of an official document in two thousand and six that the full extent of the nuclear fallout in french polynesia was revealed. the ministry of defense recorded more than one hundred eighty incidents of nuclear fallout during atmospheric testing from nine hundred sixty six to nine hundred seventy four however this was absolutely useless how did they come to this figure what data was it based on what scientific criteria we used reports from a nine hundred seventy four blast in tahiti located in one thousand two hundred

kilometers from showed that only a part of the island was affected. however thirty eight years later in feb twenty eighth the entire island is considered to have been affected by the radioactive cloud that didn't follow the predicted trajectory. the last area attitude has been to take us for idiots and then make those that are an idiot seem. hi kitty it's we were told long ago that the french nuclear trials were clean could do said they'd never had any problems. the russians were funny guys the americans were funny the british were they kept saying these things they thought that we were a bit dead waited. but we've studied we know how to read and we inform ourselves of what happens around the world. really does just the talk of

a colonial power and still hasn't decided whether to discredit us to just be totally complacent towards. wealthy british. writers. markets. find out what's really happening to the global economy for a no holds barred look at the global financial headline news to report. time magazine's person of your friends who is the catholic according to the managing editor the pope change the tone and perception of the roman catholic church this may be so but francis also be showing himself to be critical of the global economic order and capitalism is there hope for the church francis really a p.r. product. to be always one of the people

that want to go a place where the rules haven't been written yet and open frontier a place a place where they have a chance to make their own world instead of just living in one that has already been made for them and that's a fundamental kind of freedom and that's what having an open frontier means. in an attempt to make amends the government took steps to raise all traces of the nuclear testing on the island of money to rebuild their nuclear shelter which in. he was nothing more than a would be when i was covered in metal was demolished a few years ago nevertheless twenty three cases of contamination have been

recognized officially. headed for how. the island of the heart is the third largest atoll in poland which was chosen as the advanced support base from the road four hundred fifty kilometers away. the base was dismantled in two thousand and since then the inhabitants have resumed a quiet and peaceful life. but the army returned in two thousand and nine for a large scale cleanup operation that will take seven years and sixteen million euros to complete. it's not going to be an easy task to restore the nature to its pristine condition. in an attempt to distance itself from its reputation the army is trying to be open about the ambitious operation. we're entering into an area where things have been buried underground you know we can see that the

first phase of research has been carried out on meaning the company or has already dug up soil to take test samples. so effectively by doing this first stage of research we can see the scraps of metal poking out of fast. france must turn this page in its history we finished the nuclear tests we want to turn the page we want everything to be clean and tidy so that we can get back and move on to the park that's all it comes down to if we carried out trials we learned a lot from it not just about the nuclear bomb but also concerning the world of health up until that time we use methods of a bygone era there's no shame in saying that the time we worked in a certain way today the constraints are a lot more sensitive so we're required to pay attention to the environment that. and it's only out of this necessity to the depths that we're doing this work properly. and how you've got to remember that there was

nuclear activity. it was the advanced support base for more at the time of the aerial trials so radioactive materials were handled there that's you know there were vulture planes stationed there that circulated the radioactive clouds to gather samples and everything was analyzed in how the boats that were contaminated in mara and frank were brought to how french decontamination there was a ca lab which analyzed all radioactive substances so it was in a town where a lot of radioactivity was handle it. especially those that were heavily contaminated and were brought here by military jets during the eight years of atmospheric testing the vultures came to this particular area where we had four stations where they could be decontaminated off and it was a simple method wearing full protective clothing cleaner sprayed the aircraft with

an emulsion so that all of the radioactive particles that they collected fell to the floor. these were then collected and brought back in a settling tank and the rest of the emulsion which was then free from radioactivity was rolled by a worker into the ocean just behind us. of course. all of this was done under tight controls. and there were samples taken regularly to ensure that everything going into the ocean was clean. but all these procedures sufficient to guarantee that the fish a staple diet of polynesia is safe for the inhabitants of how to consume this task requires an independent laboratory. responsible for monitoring radioactivity in the whole of polynesia both in the yeah the food chain.

is joining the period of atmospheric testing if we had these after effects that impacted directly on the entire southern hemisphere because it's then a soon as the test stopped they quickly descended on the polynesian islands and that's was around more oh i particular coral and most of the earth which contains coral didn't retain any of the radioactivity so anything that was dumped on the ground was washed away mostly by rain into the sea today even in how you remember where there were a lot of decontamination labs etc if you look for radioactivity in the earth you will find it was there at a given moment but it's since been washed away or is in areas where the earth contains organic matter radioactivity is retained the. in one thousand nine hundred ninety nine before the utah was put back in the hands of the territory there were precautionary measures in check. for example

in this noticeable area. which allow analyses to be taken from the bottom to see the infiltration that there might be between the two concrete slabs. these core samples were sent back to the mainland and the results were collected. afterwards by compiling the results we were able to see the exact spot where there was radioactive emission. and we would see that this emission was tiny less than you might find a lender now in britain then. here we can effectively know everything about the area around the legionnaires fifty four and regiment camp i could see the green zone show that there's no pollution whereas the red zone. so the pollution has been detected in the lead hydrocarbons in. different times different customs.

it would seem to be army has now developed an environmental conscience. in this pilot project the restoration of one hundred eighty five years is an opportunity to apply new technologies like using bacteria to digest the many chemical residues. like students seem unconcerned their teachers are wary and have countless questions on this if first piece we don't know what happened here. and the lake let's not forget what's been bird in the earth here. from what i've seen a lot of things have been removed. by that there may be things that we haven't been told about. it's true that when we ask questions like what's been put

in the lake in the ocean in the earth many people don't trust them sincerely to say i want. these all barrels he'll come with administration is scared as we all are i believe that there is waste in the lake yet in the shade of the it seems there are tankers tracks normally you've got to take all dirt out you know when people hear that fish comes from how they get scared because that fish from how he's going to mean a. serious fine no there and it's not poison but on the outside they think the fish from hell is poisoned. and many people have the idea that things will be. hidden from us so as soon as you mention the word nuclear needed suspicion of lies i think that today we're moving away from this way of thinking

and people are able to understand us before needed to be explained a little more and the people were capable of getting their heads around it in the days of nuclear trials the word environment didn't exist for season lagoons were simply considered to be the most practical garbage dumps concrete scrap metal poles of airplanes or trucks were all just thrown in without so much as a second thought to all the waste that was dumped in the lake was not radioactive waste that was maybe polluting like batteries or hydrocarbons which were still in vehicles per se it's more was immediately put in the lake so in two thousand and eight in fact there had already been a first sighting of such waste so a rehab and station project was immediately organized by the country and the community to get rid of all this waste and all the dangerous debris and the batteries would obviously be taken out without any doubt then material like bits of concrete and it would be done in open view of the country's watch to see that

everything was taken out properly and it's got to be seen that life is resumed on top of the waste that the coral is regrown it mustn't badly affect the ecosystem or the environment especially if it's inert and there's no risk involved in getting it out. and reassuring speech from a person tasked with p.r. . the cauchy pass which is what we call the hotel area an area in deep immersion particularly there are hundreds of tons of radioactive waste which were put there in the form of drums that went all the way down to the bottom. this is a designated area and another area there was some scrap metal which could be regularly seen slightly emerged in the ocean. these are two identified zones on your do. elsewhere we regularly see strong swirls where bits of metal in. and washed up on shore all this will be got rid of and we'll find areas where we

can put it the radioactive waste in the hotels will stay there. as it's not part of the rehabilitation project for them. and so they were buried in pits one thousand five hundred to two thousand meters deep. in total five hundred seventy tons of contaminated waste including the famous airplanes thrown into the great blue sea. of more concern for the government was a report published in january twenty seventh that at the very least signals trouble ahead of. the atomic energy commission document included a computer simulation of the possible collapse of part of crown. hardly surprising considering that one hundred thirty seven blasts took place there . the principle of underground testing is simple

the nuclear charges placed in a well dug in between six hundred and one thousand meters deep after the explosion the rock becomes fused which is supposed to keep the radioactivity contained. the power of the explosion caused a mini earthquake which is clearly visible from the footage taken by controlled cameras. taking into account the twenty eight tests because the north eastern zone of the at all that is in the greatest danger. if the mass estimated to be about six hundred seventy million cubic meters in size were to collapse it would cause a fifteen to twenty meter high wave followed by a tsunami. is around one hundred kilometers away traveling out six hundred kilometers per hour

the wave would reach the toll in just ten minutes. to read so close tomorrow so far from the haiti twelve hundred kilometers away. i was thinking somehow i had to come back because mom was waiting for me. i just knew that everything would be fine for some reason they were so confident because we were going to get married officially after he came back how could he not come back the mere thought of it never crossed her mind. when the militants decided to try and break through. screaming grenade.

explosions blow them all round his back. and it was all over all. we know that our comrades on our commander won't leave us no matter how tough it gets we're team. getting was a senior in his military trio. he knew that if he didn't smother that grenade with his body more of his comrades would die he gave his own life to save his friends. i play a street cleaner. love with a waitress i go on stage managing that there's an audience i used to take drugs and drink like a fish called the police told me about the circus but i was such a punk i was like what circus.

circus the clintons. and would break down stereotypes about kids from disadvantaged backgrounds. what defines a country's success. faceless figures of economic growth. for a factual standard of living.

league player. playing a. wealthy british style. that's no time to write. letters. and. markets why not this can lead to find out what's really happening to the global economy

with max cause or for a no holds barred look at the global financial headlines tune in to kaiser report on our. look. it was a. very hard to take a look once again long here there's a plane flight path that that would make their planes. that are calling. it lists. lists lists if safe.

the. election in ukraine as the crow longs pro european rallies are still disrupting the government along with the country's crippled the economy. behind even a czar about australia's high school overtimes the country's first new allowing same sex marriage. and we've been on the air each. made while india's reinstated ates ban on same sex relationships while people in croatia recently outmoded for good look at said box full day riots in different countries. and more than a dozen civilians that claim to have fallen victim to idolise drone strike in yemen which many wins only brings sympathy for al qaida.