can a society protect itself against the encounter killable how should it react to attacks with retaliation. or like the citizens of norway and spain who opted for freedom and openness. london two thousand and five. on july the seventh full bombs explode three in underground trains one in a double decker bus the result fifty six deaths and seven hundred injuries the attack is not from the outside nor from the end. the four young assassins of muslims three of them born in the u.k. . traumatic experience for the metropolis in the blink of an eye the entire city fell out of step it's about her ability visible tool.

these things live on in the collective memory they become sources of mourning and memorial and they have formal memorials and solemn but this is nothing actually new you know london has a two thousand year history of disasters of plague of wall of strife so there is a pragmatic culture to this city as with many other cities that you know you grief you move on you go through trauma and shock and then life goes on and what is the alternative to have one just stay at home. and bunker themselves off from the future of that world and that life and the city it's not an option. the police quickly identify the perpetrators and their accomplices naturally with the help of surveillance cameras. in a second series of attacks fourteen days later an innocent man was shot george

showed him an s.s. he had dark skin and was reportedly wearing a thick jacket with wires hanging from it as he fled. but the video shows he did not flee. for. the cameras could prevent neither the bomb attacks nor the death of an innocent man. the bombs of two thousand and five and more than twenty years of ira threats have led to an all pervasive architecture of security diverse obstructions guard against trucks laden with explosives. reinforced concrete barriers come of last as flower boxes and a bench is. while working on their project ring of steel and

reactor williams and george also discovered how open space is transforming and another different way this would be in a public street as a public way that is now being sold to a developer that is the comfort of a toy space so the actual landscape begins to completely change what you have in these spaces is there put piece by private security guards and although you have the right to walk down it they cannot she choose to exclude you so you have these like strange places that begin to to the compost of the city that all its. welcoming to most people no spaces to linger and the whole idea here is just for you know people to walk through to get somewhere and it becomes about being a consumer or anyone that is outside it gets kind of ad brushed hours you're presenting a walk and you're presented with sort of charming flowers which are changed every few weeks on the big sign saying all the things that you must under no circumstances do. i think so i think what's really interesting about it is that

visually looking like an architectural renda it's not real life it's not the kind of of the city of the melting pot it's like a very sanitized version it becomes a sort of known place. rather than public. is civil rights apply only until the private investor chooses to deny access. how many of these known spaces in a city and. where can one lead to free urban life in such a controlled space. to create so where. the politics and geography of some cities and perhaps many cities are starting to read. oh some of the sort of many evil structures of and place of power with barriers access controls and of course instead of the big massive

stone structures of the medieval military architecture we now have systems by some outrunning passage control trying to access biometric scanning some people are suggesting that perhaps the app or it is the paradigm space of the future city that maybe cities in the future might have apple style restrictions generalized across the whole landscape. london's canary wharf. when the financial markets were deregulated banks expanded. in the form of don't live in this they could implement a remarkably elaborate security concept. today more than seventy thousand people work in canary wharf there are hotels and apartments and a popular shopping mall. it's

a new scale of privatized space to very tightly defended the highly privatized idea of the city which has come under a lot of criticism as being a sort of ng place of powerful and wealthy groups literally separated off from the rest of the city almost by mediæval motes using the wall to systems of the dock plants. the access roads to the city within a city as accused by checkpoints. a private security service can deny access without reason at any time. is this the city of the future accessible only to the wealthy and powerful to fit into this brave new world. so the legal aspects of this are really important that means that they owners of this space define what is legally allowed and what is prohibited through their oath by

all their legal sanctions which means that political activity is actually illegal in this space it's illegal to have a political demonstration it's illegal to have a political mobilization it's illegal to bag it so legal to. do all of that the full range of activities that you would expect to be. allowed in a democratic society. three d. model of the city designed by the german aerospace institute in berlin to simulate urban development. from a simulation of the real city to the creation of

a virtual parallel urban environment a future in which computers communicate with other computers without people. where an internet of things develops. florian make a helis from the swiss federal institute of technology in zurich is working on the realisation of the ubiquity of computers a combination of physical objects in virtual space the internet of things. of us vs under fifteen is what we mean is really the spreading of the internet from computers into the real world to include real objects products and things like this could begin with products that simply have a number on them to find out where something is this could be products with sensors on them it could also apply to automobiles in order to register location data and

gather information from it actually the integration of various properties objects even humans in order to be able to offer more services and new applications to them based on the information gathered media didn't stay on noise unbeknown peak and so can. implement here we've implemented an application which enables me to see which apps are being used here in the city. and over this way as i can see for example that two point two kilometers from here the swiss federal railway's out was downloaded two hours ago. i can now download this app and install it on my phone kind of man telephone installation and the idea is to be able to find useful apps in the parallel world empire that are related to the city here but sold it sinful as shine and. already we are surrounded by digital services

small bundles of energy that can be made visible. and with each application we leave behind footprints which can be collected and used. an electronic book. practical quick and easy. the book is equipped with a chip the rental fee and a loan duration are registered with the push of a button each book's readers can be seen. so what if someone is interested in books about terrorism or chemistry. who else knows this and might consider it suspicious. for. all.

cities are basically by computer systems now in the west especially everything that people do in a city generates they even driving around the city is increasingly monitored by computer systems moving around even walking if you have a small phone generates a truck through g.p.s. systems and j a graphical mapping systems whether we can also add credit card transactions we can at the c.c.t.v. systems on the street etc etc etc so it's being called a data tsunami if you like the idea of my acid waves of data being collected not by humans really but by computers. normally we associate surveillance with the police and security services we forget that the major internet platforms and providers are also trying to follow our every step.

the magic word is data mining. sophisticated programs combed through the streams of data worldwide in search of specific criteria which can then be used to create a market based records. whom freebee you as you don't know as you know very chorused you know norris plans to ruse. everyone in my life that i care about their goal much and then. i came askin well. i was sat national champion in track and field and also was able to go in qualify for the olympic games. you know nine

hundred eighty eight i started to experiment with that the drugs i had lost all the financial means that i. was really on the street. black market can't. break. free.

at goldsmiths college in london researches are examining the interplay between digitalisation and society. matthew for the modern fights are analyzing the workings of search engines and their role in everyday life. and more and more computing is brought into. that people's everyday lives the more and more it can be broken up into smaller smaller parts discrete parts and the reassembled as an analyst on the basis of its corresponds with different kinds of abstract patterns and that's kind of what we found is an example of this kind of reconstitution of the person in the digital here. in their words how google decides what we see the research is demonstrate how google evaluates

search queries in very specific ways. if you look at the search interface there is actually you know in the cation that this is happening so usually people don't know this this is going on that their search results are being filtered and how. it's the first to discover that google analyzes and personalize its users data changing it and will. ask me process to search query for one of these flaws the first symbol tameness reprocessed warm for what we call normally misuse or. the anonymous user received offers for mass tourism the philosopher's offers for to those in the upper price segment does this mean that not everyone receives the same offers despite the same search query. all computers deciding who travels whether. we

already predictable through and through. always a knowing leave being stigmatized and sorted out. further influences research shows that google makes decisions for uses without that even realizing it . we need to understand these not simply as kind of repressive forces that can look people into place but also they produce new kinds of ways of being together in cities and that's is where we think search engines and especially coupled with locating says or. of an urban based computing or you because it's competing all of these need to be. rethought in terms of how they they're understood as part of the public space and citizens are able to take part in the design of reflection on these on these systems. how can

citizens participate in the design of these systems when developments in the digital parallel world taking place at breakneck speed citizens of both users and products alike the more specific the information gained about an individual the more valuable the data becomes how can we grasp the full extent of the digital penetration into our lives. in berlin sandro going to list conducting research into the freedom of information technology and war especially something but will he advises government institutions and berlin and brussels. that know a lot of the tsunami where was another revolution and microelectronics which went almost completely unnoticed the whole area of sensors we've made incredible massive developments in sensor technology just some together with the information revolution this sensor revolution has produced a general cognitive sphere in our technical environment and these technical

environments are. now able to monitor record and process the information they gather it's a boy. and us also follow the. drones as helpers in extreme situations. the combination of optical chemical and infrared senses enables not only the visualization of situations in real time and three day but also the analysis of hazardous substances ideal for firefighters rescue services disaster relief forces and the military. senses also facilitate virtual tracking through face recognition. this can already be observed in the internet. visitors at the glastonbury festival were captured in a large group which remained online long after the festival was over. through the use of tags individuals could be identified and approached via facebook. the page

was one of the most popular on the internet for quite some time but what does this have to say about the experience does the festival continue only in the parallel universe of the internet. to live in multiple realities simul taney asli. face recognition it can also be used in an entirely different dimension cameras incenses i capturing people and scanning them for suspicious physiological signs. the aim to detect hostile intentions before the suspect can cause harm. but if you don't visualize this is really important to not somehow because i can put it to extensive use for security measures and behave as a cli i can attach a policeman on us in other words

a camera to any technical device which can process i-t. ninety. com i can put chips into all kinds of equipment in a specific environment and increase security enormously gunsmiths you but this is of course also a threat to personal liberty only if you have high. security or freedom the e.u. is funding a program to develop an intelligence information system to support surveillance and capture for the safety of citizens in an urban environment increasingly now there are efforts to use computers to bring together all sorts of items of data every time an airline ticket is booked i think in the u.k. now by law you have to have to collect fifty three separate pieces of information from all sorts of different sources. to to to profile out information and to assess the degree of risk so this is very much again the question of building

data from the past to make judgments in the present about the potential future risk straight out of minority report if you like. there's different recording systems are interconnected to form a comprehensive monitoring operators for preventive police work who controls the search criteria all the computers and senses. until they make a judgment about what might be considered normal in somewhere like london which is a big question everything is normal in london. but what happens is they is the data mining system to try and build a sense of the normality of the city which is then used to try and assess things that are unusual. and i think that's where the politics of the city increasingly

lie based on who judges what is normal in a city and who judges what is abnormal in the city so if i pull it. today security means the security of cities in new york the attack came from the head in london from underground on the street. while these is still possible it's more likely the city will be attacked by confuses disrupting the supply of electricity water and food. prices are as any other moodily theoretically if the eyeteeth fail us if someone attacks the i.t. centers and some areas that would have catastrophic consequences especially in cities the food supply would instantaneously collapse everything is time to market on that no one has a larger anymore and if no one would know where to find food supply.

communication systems would break down and there would be no water because the pubs couldn't operate without electricity this within a few days the city would degenerate into a primitive state because no one would have the resources to feed themselves to communicate or anything else this is an enormous risk get. silence attack on a city without leaving a trace. this may sound like science fiction but it's already on the minds of hacking is criminals and terrorist groups. gearing up for cyber war. times of peace these cyber war units ponder what to do if there's no war going on

and i've got forces that can go anywhere and do anything then naturally i'll use them to attack other economies i can pursue economic political objectives i can conduct massive industrial espionage at such a high level that it can't even be detected and i can engage in sabotage and these units can sabotage an entire production and cause stock prices to plummet i can then buy up stocks cheaply or i can attack the stock exchanges directly with the price since the perspectives and the stock markets are gigantic incredibly complex monsters they've never notice a skilled attacker in their midst and the attackers know this that's what makes the whole situation really attractive to what could happen is that these cyber war components which are simply there will start a secret economic war i consider this quite plausible because there are no means for identifying the attackers there's no need to fear diplomatic repercussions from

the united states no one can protect themselves against these skilled attackers and everything is being offered to them on a silver platter i'm sure there will be more developments in this direction. because. images of a world fading away the boisterous stock market was yesterday today more than fifty percent of the u.s. stock trade is handled electronically from computer to computer algorithm to algorithm humans are much too slow for such transactions. perspective these i.t. security issues could be a reason to abolish stock exchanges altogether because i can't guarantee. but let's show mayor represents the real value of companies a lot of it is. in the next attack on the financial world

no towers will fall yet the entire city will collapse and degenerate into chaos the attacker will come silently through the financial industries own author is its hyper fos networks we won't notice until after the fact if we notice at all it will be too late. what good is all the security if the fear of terrorism transforms our cities and society beyond recognition. if we are reduced to wandering through militarized security zones. if our longings to live together in a city make us a security risk. how many liberties must we sacrifice to overcome our fears.

how m m. m. m. no the playing. field in big spirit travels with the flame from its birthplace in greece. joining james

brown for an elemental and epic journey around russia and beyond. where i. live. there's a saying you know when you're in the arctic you have feel entire world at your feet . she looks like a fairly simple ship but really she's no symbol little. and full of people able to have access to the nuclear icebreakers the real king here is that the polar bear and ice breakers come second not a single complex expedition to be authentic can be conducted with the russian nuclear powered fleet of ice breakers we've undertaken a unique operation. the northern sea route russia's

arctic ice breakers. this is obviously more for the ladies because it's pink. women wanted to avoid rape scene really needing to buy guns and learn how to use them i'm. sure this is the one that i'm going to go with them once again it's the fear from her own women definitely the target of the gun lobby the one you don't kill them when you're killing money but if somebody would you would notice with her. i'm noticing more and more and that's really scary marketing tactics which implies that women have some sort of moral obligation to own guns to protect their family and young girls shoot out here too so we do have a pink or. more kids young kids choke on food than are killed by firearms if being armed made us safer in america we should be the safest nation on earth were clearly not the safest.

model for the olympic podium in the sochi in full swing norway leading the race so far closely watching the sports extravaganza from our two studio in the heart of the games it may be a celebration of sellable a celebration of sports but. the threat of something happening in sochi so media is sounding the alarm bells ringing over the olympics raising eyebrows as well as questions as whether the panic in criticism are justified plus the week's news. and you know. that reportedly coming from the mouth of the u.s. assistant secretary of state the serials washington's plans for crisis rock ukraine in the lead phone call. this swiss deciding on whether to keep foreigners out of the country as the country votes on a con.