but if it had to be because of the policies or other factors something water can buy but not pursue and doesn't affect the economy that much and as we saw in the in the ruble depreciation after the prices fall russia could sustain the foreign currency and could find the ground of this free fall and that was partially this from what i understand because russia actually did try to. counterbalance its dependency on oil and gas by sort of. stashing the wind fall income away in various funds it wouldn't say that because if you look at the resource which was your token for the reserves the reserves didn't follow subs substantial now we we still increase that was that. it was merely because russian government stayed away of the problem they were out of the good the there will prices fell the the ruble price fell the imports the the exports squeezed to the

consumption fell and all the parameters of the over the creation were adjusted to just stay in the equilibrium and this would probably be moot smart policy around the overcoming of the crisis not related to the. to the problems with the main minerals you do sell or to the main factors of your canon but on the other side which bill you were talking about the there are sufficient policy of the those this is not limited to the current suppress it it is reflected in the whole structure of the economy when you have the major of the. demeanor source which you feel the economy of the. the ne traill desire to centralize those to control it this is exactly what their president putin was talking about here and i think it was the end of two thousand and fourteen is here at the end of the year. and friends of mine i think he came closest to actually

being apologetic because he's often asked about his mistakes but there from what i can remember that it was the closest admission of a mistake he said that we didn't have enough time we didn't put enough efforts into diversify the economy so you're actually agreeing with him that the structural forces for or against illusionist of the statement differently group of mr put some of my favorites were put in there but but on two of those be the government didn't want to diversify the economy not to lose control over the economy or the state because they saw it happen and mentis where the attempts of diversification led to the diversification of the source of all the little smile different people in different parts of trying to win over the country gone or just didn't wanted to happen any more so the nationalists of the hall and those are sort of the resources which led to the oil production and old exports and control over the fields

and because of the because of the excessive margin they just couldn't do anything else all the attempts to diversify it to the enterprises which we're inefficient from from the beginning was the major the major intention was to spend the budget to leave the poor the north to bring it up to the little or the global who are competitive but all of that i assume in two thousand and fourteen when russia experienced a turning point politically and economically not least because of a double whammy of both decreasing oil prices and restricted access to western financing i wonder if it can all make diversification now becomes not so much an aspiration and we can all make inevitability or at least an assessment here for the current government if it wants to keep its control in the country well as be released the solution is not there to amount we will still has to leave will still see even been included. asco

a good car. right in the streets. the government just doesn't feel the necessity of the tourists were full price at about sixty dollars per bar was frost's much better than ten years ago so i can took allows them to be even almost human and the rest can be financed by the crew so there were a little bit. and all their forms and although there were some may lead to unexpected tourists and problems. at least when i talk to people who are related to the go and who do fly in the palaces of least none of them dear to see we we were going to go for what is interesting have you know when i talk to some people in the government my impression is actually quite different i think they were pretty scared by what they experience in two thousand and fourteen and they are still not sure whether these international pressure is over so from their point of view. there is pretty much no noise came by to try to prop up other

sectors of the economy for the cash generating reasons a little it says there was a difference between private talks and public toilets there is a position of the government which allows them to believe international sanctions for the problems of the economy which much of which is not at all in total from my view will central didn't harm the economy here they will but they did not but they countered their limited access to western financing and western technology reaches out that are critical for example in a finance is not we we have enough money now if you look at the council the banks in the central but. or through the nobles what's look of the resource which are almost forty percent of our g.d.p. is like so to five percent of our g.d.p. it's enormous reserves and the is very low and the prince is limited to a certain number of companies and so number of ways of finance and you if you need you can raise money it's not a problem the problem is that knowledge is and we just start to feel. like it will

be for russia to develop or for the existence of national technology markets not here we we don't see it in g.d.p. at all now one of the successful outcomes at least marketed has as a successful outcome of the last two years is the larger cultural. stimulus program and the liberal community in russia is often very disapproving of those countries sanctions they. operate a trade as ideological south harm as as an effort to penalise your own population because you're powerless to do anything else that they're perceived with to perceive the abuser but i wonder from an economic point of view it wasn't that sharp ruble depreciation that we experienced in two thousand and fourteen two thousand and fifteen wasn't it actually crying for something like that wasn't the most opportune time economically to introduce that crutch that the industry has long been calling for. well general all this and dissensions of this agricultural

development is a big mishap for us their culture is a very little margin because of the share of the g.d.p. in more than consciousness less than one point five percent of us was loss of three percent of the g.d.p. overall in the wall the sure they had a culture. by a factor of two in both fifteen years so it's not enough to now say we're going to culture is good now to the big picture it's it's a peripheral business which we need to maintain we need to what but it's no defect of the prosperity but i mean from their labor point of view you're employing the people social point of view you know mind it's not so the more we do the list people are employed than they were the mugu forward with the drones with the automotive g.p.s. tractors and other machines will have less and less people employed so the fact that we easily get this year all this business just shows how the rest of the waters get rid of those bits with it with eagerness and them on top of the look at

what we did we didn't grain. which is all the sanctions we when they were good sense and great. we gave a neat poor could. trust us not in the central some second the trend that way before at the two thousand and fourteen and for nothing else well i really give you one example of what they actually gave and heard that from a number of high ranking government officials and they said that for the first time they actually acquire some amount of self-confidence that they you know they actually can do something when they put their mind to it rather than believing that all the money will be stolen or because of russia and perennial inefficiency in the you know good thoughts will be sabotaged anyway isn't that actually pretty valuable the the belief among the government officials that they can actually achieve something when they put their mind to it i don't know. if we believe that the

middle victory in the field which which is only two percent of the g.d.p. was the last to both were some door to the orders g.d.p. of the diversification for oil both fifteen twenty percent through ten years in the economy the last couple the defense experts thought the time for fifteen billion dollars. thirds from fifteen to bold six billion dollars all the gains of a little culture are much less on this loss. at least it's a false belief now you're usually quite critical of the kremlin for what you perceive as of passivity in introducing anomic reforms in. a propensity of the kremlin to sort of float with the tide rather than being practive the complacency but i think that is part of there was a larger debate in russia on the role of personality not only in history but also in economics we have

a very long battle in balancing out the pains and the gains and you alluded to that previously don't you think that russia is presenting a historic case for being a little bit more risk averse than the rest more so in sense of fearing social consequences of painful reforms for example. well it's it's a tricky question because when and when when you will feel reforms you end up. if risk aversion means satan for free all it to well you so much and we have to take a very short break now but we'll be back in just a few moments. was

it to buy america by the israelis unfortunate the by financial support of some. countries in the. for making them unsafe. the village of collect she has been nicknamed sleepy hollow because for some unknown reason its local residents have found victim to sleep. just being able to choose. who should be. how do you plan your initial. concern that. sort of but i'm also going to question your story talk useful. to go

back to the position of switch. from where did you do what we have or did. this with. my theory in there did you have both barrels there of the. first. welcome back to worlds apart with a dream of child director of the economic policy program at the carnegie moscow center mr my child just to pick up where we left the economy and politics are

always interconnected but in russia it is even more the case i think the economy in russia is a mirror image of politics they're both have only centralised given to inertia with a high degree of monopolies risk averse and it is clear that changing one is impossible without changing and the other but i wonder in your view which one will have to show the way is that the economy or the political. structures it was a request of the. conventional wisdom service the economic conditions changed politics not twice of it only if you want to impose a new politics on the world economy conditions usually fruits. of this pollution equate to use of the influential groups or groups who control the economy they have powers to change the politics in their freedom because the old economy let's say the old economy favors the old influential groups and they always of the

unintentional wisdoms apply to russia all the time anyway not what's what what's what's what's not believable to russia of the the group or to lawyers a political way away where this was the will not be won because i think russia is a pretty outis and credit country and them both in terms of its values both in terms of its development it has the elements. sometimes contradictory elements that other countries don't i don't recognise them in a great picture of course of course every country has its specifics that but if you look at russia in terms of the broad economy or science you would see or through the pentagon cantor which is is this been drawn or sort of the country and the sort of change but not the dependency a country of big totals of the population of the country which experiences that claim power or. all the laws are pretty much a political if you look at our neighbors in terms of per capita. or all point

capacitors you will see iran the new zealand as extern analogy are and russia is in general been brought a combination of all this for neighbors with a future so for each of them and nothing else it's quite easy to decompose the policies and the economies of the country if you look at that if you forget about the specific spirit and history or for brevity or tone i know that the you came of age after the collapse of the soviet union you have many friends and acquainted. this is among russia's financial and banking sector and as much as we can blame putin for problems for corruption and administrative influences the pressure is on on the concourse i think it's often the business elite that exploits the state and court machinery for its own personal or private gain we talked about the government government's readiness or the lack of there off to change producing the country's

business especially while connected business is ready to play by the law we come to the frivolous question we're putting stars on we'll put an ounce what has put it as a one person is the thousand people as a town thousands of people essentially the there are some go on of the russian elite mr putin and so they try to reflect the of this to this way we have so much of the support because they reflect on the parishioners some of the expectations of the society or the state is bad the lead could become would be better but. we i would believe him put a north or world making the come to wars but not making the country but. if you look at small developments which we all can't take the small example the trust us an alliance of the rules or the all the bells the safe to build on the cars of the the country manage to make people obey the rules so it's possible it's absolutely possible why wouldn't you think they would be wouldn't obey the law you for being

dictated well i think ours and there are people usually have no problem of being the law i think it's the powerful people who have a problem with that and the case in point would be a very high profile trial in russia these days of former economic development a minister like sale a kind of and he's accuser. session both of whom represent different factions within the russian governance system i wonder how do you read that case and i'm not asking about the corruption charges not the content of the case but rather the conduct of that case and the fact that many say it did not play out as it was expected because initially it was expected that you know sachin is somebody who is totally above the law. well. i don't think we have enough people to read this case the case is not out of the context we don't know how the relations between the members of the lead are being structured we see all we sure are distant sounds or

much more complicated processes good on the palace. station is frowned on an enemy of different people that have their mighty people around him supporting him or fearing him or fighting him we saw the recent reports of their being which is different clear sign of a war which is the clear to gain steam by another group of people. particularly with government career can bring you back to the issue of course because a few look at the course of the polls or rather the russian people don't trust russian course system much but they use it a lot and i think the most high profile endorser and the founder of that system is actually vladimir putin himself bored by the statute and by his rhetoric if it continues to play this game of cat and mouse with the courts and he has already ignore them a couple of someones into the court wouldn't that challenge put an indirect lee does not a dozen doctors and a certain. threat to the integrity of the idea of putting himself as

a figure on terror of both the constitution and the coarsest a more generally be just started to with of the disrespect which which people in the society have to the courts. why no one respected the lack of trust it's quite a different message from pretty much the same. people if you don't if you don't respect the institution you would not turn to it and russian people actually go to the court in large numbers that's the reason why the court system i saw a lot of for forces not their clutches and developed by by a by the degree so you can even leave the goo the video and if you talk to people they will tell you that the first thing you need to get do feel play to the court to find somebody to give the bribe to to win the puts them everybody knows how the courts rule and where the suspension is included in the course. we know the whole hold the courts started were took over three and the ucas keys were treated them to them all the courts and the frame was bust mommy court for example hold

a pity i am of them if we know all that why would we expect mr station to respect the court well specifically because that would not challenge a lot of impressions intended to the business not because the president put is not a sushi to to the court system a boat would come on i mean when you look at the news and you see that there is one person in the country who could ignore court summons repeatedly and vitamin put in still keeps insisting that's a very significant part of his rhetoric that this is after the core they cannot intervene in the court system in the court proceedings doesn't that make what are important look like a fool no i don't see any contradiction to the us he's above that he doesn't care if station managers to overrule the court that's fine if he doesn't she doesn't it's as if it's a forced me to who has more power in the summer is about over a foot and easing that the one if indeed it is allowed to

overhaul the core d. thing that would not damage the credibility of that curtain now because mr mr putin's because ability is about that and you use decisions because. belittled rice because he can outplay the court well i i beg to disagree with you but since we're already describes the economic and potentially courtier forms let me ask you about the political reform there's a wide consensus among political commentators that if i didn't put in runs for another term his main objective for the next six years would be winning russia off his own leadership to create hopefully create a system that would be relying on stronger institutions that would make the question of power transition a little bit less risky and protagoras than it is right now do you think he can do that in six years or russia used pretty much successfully managed by over a tight group of people. the organisation of the management is much more like a primitive group the new situational society and so far it works then the

conversion to lose his usual society may many threats to the group and to person that it isn't out already happening because you take. for example the palliative care in moscow it was nonexistent a decade ago but there was a little hospice started by essentially of volunteering community and now that whole volunteer community took over the whole palliative care in moscow that's actually a great victory well maybe a little victory but it's a great it's a victory for the institutions and i assume the same things are happening perhaps not on the economic level because it's highly money intensive here but on the other in the other areas especially in when it comes to social protection don't you see it does growth of institutions of the civil society because even if you look at the international i think it was

a world bank members russia has the second largest number of volunteers in the world and the number keeps growing. i couldn't comment on the numbers i just don't know the numbers i told the number two was but we know the level of charity for example per capita in the developed countries is the degree herds of brush and they would in the countries of the field walled it's usually much higher. but then i don't see the connection between the high powered the volunteer movements especially during the father's walter movements are pretty much suppressed in the regions and there are mosques. and i just don't see the science of all the change of the alderman taylor till the ruling elites although in quantum rush i would owe them a few the the story would be all about the success can they challenge the last notion about not seeing the change in the mentality of the governing elites and just a few weeks ago why they were put in the was present at the wailing of the monument

to this victim of quark and glocks and that is essentially in a morning meant to citizens who were abused by the state it's morning meant recognising around this state crimes and for somebody who worked for. beer i would think psychologically that's. quite an achievement don't you think so i never heard was of put unseen that he supported stalin's regime or the repression his position has been pretty much the same all through he's president super and you and before. you respond the team who was to play pool the mass repressions and displayed many of my colleagues and men and liberals and rushes to accuse in the to keep b. and the f. is be what i will call them mr put all of the persons today wouldn't say that we can complete earthy the scales of the of the outcomes of the oppression of stalin terms and and now in the situation where the persians are limited to the fight for

the power. there is nothing new there or it mr putin is just consistent in what he says twenty years ago and maybe it is a sign of some consideration going up above about the the brawl of the state and the state responsibility for its citizens as well as taking steps you'll recognize the crimes that were done by the state before i just don't see the connection the prince who recognizes mr hu show from the twenty five twenty five council of the party rated so many years a good citizen nobody change that apart from very marginal people who do not want to recognize the real but at the same time you know yourself participated in their recent project called stalin gave orders to reach challenge the what some would term the revival of. that a stallion. i would call it praise are you know giving more prominence to stalin

then he does or says suddenly you are concerned about the look we hear from the normal two to three percent of the population being read the course and in one way or him of a man then there are there are now to some there are stalin supporters some all that duerson all the problem is the usual for a cut rate if you look at another country you would see your dick. that's pretty much the same percentage you need to fire them of course you need to put them all to spread the infix doesn't consume kraemer and i wouldn't see. what mr my child we have to leave it there i really appreciate your time and tell our viewers please share your comments now at twitter facebook and youtube pages and i hope to see same place same time here on worlds apart.

she'll be a. student have been miles from the. independent. for that date with. the counselor. i went up at a sauna we'll meet a. man with a set of my love and respect they like him to me or the now with jamie as

a hunk on the old stuff. now it's a bad thing. because hell i got money but that never i see like him to make before you have me already in the mail will have one thing closer he got because of me it's because he sees when i would. welcome to the wonderful world of blood donation i come here every three weeks to get my transfusion to be specific i receive him enough. that my body gets and support is that it cannot produce itself around the world giving blood is seen as a symbol of generosity and does this because it helps people it's just that one of the side effects is that it. applies more. to put the money on

your car radio we don't have all plasma based drugs today. from private companies and are produced from paid plasma as well as. roll a motor car and. one of the risks of a donation in it to them is proof that the frequency of pathologies is much higher paid. me. if i was. over two years old he will go in the money using the drill and who runs the blood business.

in the stories that shaped the way include his time extent on the total collapse in syria russia and its regional allies layout plans for establishing a last thing pace in the country. and suffering times for germany and chancellor merkel as coalition talks right down leaving question marks about her future is lida and we visit russia's most notorious prison to bring you a read of what life is like for the country's most dangerous criminals.