tsunamis are earthquakes obviously if you hit in the ocean but you can get plenty of damage from smaller asteroids just due to the the shockwave from the explosion you know a huge asteroid flew by earth in april but does an asteroid even have to hit earth to wreak havoc say hits to moon or just passes by a couple of kilometers away well in most cases to really do a lot of damage on earth you actually have to hit the earth hit the earth or its atmosphere so the ones that miss us well you know it's just a no show you can watch me go by so those that miss us can do us any harm is that what you're saying yeah really pretty much has to hit the earth to do harm the problem of course is that you have to know if you want to do something about it you have to know which ones are going to hit the earth and that's the real issue finding them and tracking them and knowing which ones are going to hit long before they hit well we're going to get to that but before. your foundation is preparing

to send a telescope to orbit the sun to detect dangerous things coming towards earth but space agencies like not already have projects which monitor space objects so why do you need your own private project to do this is not his program not enough. no the programs done by ness and other telescopes are around the world are fantastic and they are presently aiming to their next goal is to find the asteroids larger than one hundred meters that could hit the earth no one hundred metre asteroid would destroy a small country it's quite large these surveys these telescopes will not do as well for asteroids smaller than that however as we just mentioned a forty meter asteroid is enough to destroy a very large city so there are going to be a lot of esther as in fact a great majority of asteroids that could do damage on earth are actually smaller than one hundred meters and would not be found by these current surveys or these these planned surveys so our goal at b six twelve foundation is to figure out

technology to find and track these smaller asteroids right now you know i say a joke about how asteroids are nature's way of stimulating a nation space program but saying i think you're doing this on your own it seems like they threat of asteroid isn't stimulating enough well no there is i disagree with this a bit because the space agencies of the world including this hour are doing a lot they are working to fund astronomers and telescopes to find these large restaurants and as well as the science behind them the science behind how you would deflect such asteroids so you know i look at our work at the six to zero foundation as being part of you know our collective space program if you like of human beings on earth you explained before how crowded the solar system is with asteroids not if there's really so many of them is it even possible to detach all the possible

incoming threats. well you know there are a lot of asser as you mentioned before that there are you know of order a million or so asteroids large enough to destroy a major city out there but space is big so they're spread out few and far between so they don't basically don't hit each other very much at all but as you are correct that makes it a challenge to find them because they are you know like the i mentioned before the size that could be dangerous could be as small as a building and if you put that millions of miles away from the earth it can be quite difficult to detect and that's what we're all working towards is finding and tracking them but it is possible to say an asteroid is detected and we know it's had it towards earth and it's huge and will destroy the planet if it hits now you're saying we can stop it with spacecraft sense to bump the rock from its past so it misses our planet so this kind of spacecraft already developed first off we should we have to talk about the size of the asteroid first if it's something

that's going to be enough to say kill off everyone on earth then it's going to be quite large this is not the building size thing but more of a kilometer or larger size asteroid ok. and you can bump them with an asteroid with a spacecraft to nudge them slightly but you have to do it early decades before they hit and you may need to do it multiple times so that's one technique it's called the kinetic impact you just run into the asteroid with a small spacecraft but such technology does exist we've run into a comet before using such a technique we rammed a comet in two thousand and five and there is even a mission currently being planned between the european space agency and nasa to test this technology on small asteroid. so how much time would space agencies need to prepare and launch an asteroid deterring spacecraft into orbit even small space missions take years of approval yes and if you were actually to have

a good chance of deflecting an asteroid successfully you really want five to ten years at a bare minimum you really want more than that if you can in fact the earlier you do such a thing the easier the deflection is which makes sense right the further away the thing is from hitting you the less you need to change its trajectory to make it miss the earth so anyway we can be sure that it gets the job done. the way you do you guarantee that in esther a deflection mission a successful is that you you you fly multiple spacecraft as backups you know we do this in we have spec up systems for aircraft for spacecraft and things like that and you can think of multiple missions as being backups to each other so if it's really super critical you know and you're building a spacecraft to deflect it why not launch two or three. so you know most of the guests who come to this program talk about politics is what we're talking about is it something world powers are taking seriously i mean they can't even cooperate and

decide things on earth do you expect states to stop the threats from outer space in some sense threats from outer space are perhaps easier to agree upon than threats. do it from one country to another on earth because. you know it's not an enemy if you'd like that is thinking or whatever it's a natural thing ok can some sense be all of our something that we can all rally around and do something about the hard part is deciding which ones are are are worthy of being deflected which ones need to be deflected that's going to be the hard part in deciding but i think if we knew for sure that a large asteroid was going to hit the earth we'd come together and do something about it so i want to ask you about trajectory can scientists really discover the asteroids exact trajectory i mean can't something change at the last minute like if an asteroid hits another object in space. yes or or trajectories can be measured

very precisely now you need to measure asteroids jittery extremely precise if you want to know if it's going to hit the earth you know ten twenty thirty forty fifty years from now but it is possible. and changes in their trajectories are incredibly rare but there are things which can be predicted so for example when when nest or european space agency or or the boss calls most sends a probe to mars or jupiter or venus you know that shows that you can years ahead of time predict the emotion of planetary bodies and we can do. that as we mentioned a couple of years ago a meteor hit their russian city of she had been scanned it came as a surprise now another asteroid slipped past virus closer than our weather satellites and it was only detected hours before it flew back why are some asteroids passing so close to earth and detect it well the reason is that we have

yet to discover the great majority of asteroids. if we take for instance the size large enough to destroy a city say forty meters or so of the million or so asteroids out there we have discovered perhaps a percent or so of that ten thousand of those perhaps so in other words that means that ninety nine percent of them are undiscovered so you should expect that the great majority of asteroids which come very close to the earth. to come as a surprise if you like as of right now which explains why we have b six twelve foundation are working on trying to detect that so but with today's cap abilities how far in advance can an asteroid be detected if you've discovered it already we believe that it should be yeah we believe that with. the technology the work we're working on it will be possible to detect these smaller asteroids. again with decades of warning and to measure the

trajectories accurate enough that you would know which one of these if any. are dangerous right and we're going to take a short break right now when we're back we'll continue talking with at bloom former nasa astronaut physicist to talk about all kinds of space threats to life on stage . los angeles the city of luxury and fame but also an alarming number of people living in the streets. a simple fact in l.a. he's there's just not enough shelter even if people on the streets right now decided to come in there's nowhere to come in it's been

a struggle. and this man found his own response to the problem and constructed dozens of tiny homes for people in need of shelter when you have nothing and nowhere to go. you know having something like this may as well be a castle but do the authorities accept such solution tiny house on a city parking space is not a solution. someone monitoring the site otherwise it will be a free for all there are a better alternative to end the homelessness crisis. all to see we have a great team we need to strengthen before the freefall world cold and have been a legend to keep it so it's at the back.

in one thousand nine hundred two that must qualify for the european championships at the very last moment no one believed in us but we won and i'm hoping to bring some of that waving spirit to the r.c.t. . recently i've had a lot of practice so i can guarantee you that peter schmeichel will be on the best fall since my last will call him that throws or three. thousand the joke. here i call. left left left more or less ok stuff that's really good. how does it feel to be a shearer the greatest job in the world it's as close to being a king as any job there is a good business model helps to run a prison now we just do or don't like is there nobody you know visitation and i don't no one comes anymore we don't have to sarge them anymore it's cost effective

that's what they want to do that at the moment they don't give a damn if you do the chores or not there are actually paying us to put it back into the louisiana incarceration rate is twice as high as the u.s.n. breach what secrets is behind such success. here's what people have been saying about rejected in. full on. the only show i go out of my way to you know what it is that really packs a punch. is the john oliver of r t america is doing the same. apparently better than. i see a herd of. jack to the next president of the world so very.

seriously send us an e-mail. and we're back with add lou physicist astronaut who is now working on protecting our strawman asteroid threat talking about the dangers that lurk around our planet what can we do about them welcome back at so apart from being capable of destroying our planet asteroids could also be useful some of them are rich in natural resources and precious minerals there's a lot in common is out there who have space mining plans how long before we can buy asteroid gold oh that's a good question i wish i knew the answer to that. i suspect it will be sometime i suspect that the first uses of asteroid resources were actually be. for water which

is the can be turned into rocket fuel hydrogen and oxygen will be used in space rather than shipping things like metals back to earth so is there are natural rights to go around or world powers going to find themselves in a battle for the ones richest in resources. well there are an awful lot of asteroids out there in all sorts of varying orbits so i do think there is an enormous amount of resources out there and if you think about it you know as as you mentioned asteroids are both a threat. and an opportunity right in what's the first thing you do when you have a brand new frontier that you want to take advantage of or you map it right and so the most important thing for both. uses use cases is to find and track these things know where they are and that's again what our principal goal is at the moment to to build a comprehensive method locations and trajectories of these esther here's another

saying that we hear a lot about scientists warn off the danger of a massive sollars storm to our planet one that can cause a major power outage how big of an impact are we talking about i mean power stations nuclear reactor satellites the i.s.a.'s is that all going to go haywire. no i mean people have been aware of this danger for quite a long time and we've had very large solar flares. that have caused things like power outages and have disrupted satellite communications and so on so it's something that everyone's aware of and we try to build systems to be robust to it but you know that's not to say that a very large event can be very disruptive but is the impact temporary are a short life you know we're talking about a short term blackout and how big of an area kennedy impact well it again all depends upon the size of the solar event so you know you can have temporary

power outages but those again can be really disruptive if you lose power for twelve hours that you know that's a lot of people that can be affected so if there's a power outage and if then if an event powerful enough causes that outage what are people going to feel when it hits. you don't feel anything yourself but except for the fact that your lights go off and that's pretty disruptive right i mean you're my everything is powered by literally leaving your house and your day like this right because either our i've heard we're not on everything from the even the few in your destination but i word warnings about millions of us that may occur if a solar storm hits our they're all going to be caused by radiation isn't there is a reality or layers post to protect us from this i have never heard any. report like that so i've not sure that i believe it but again you know the kinds of

damages you tarp we're talking about can be very very big you know especially from an economic standpoint so for instance you know if you lose electricity widespread for some period of time you know things like water treatment plants are run by electricity things like the gasoline pumps at the guest station or into you know so if you don't get power back on and soon you know then there's going to be some serious serious disruptions of daily life you know there's also a theory that sol or activity has a direct effect on human societies and it makes everyone go mad start revolutions wars what do you make of it is that a danger. sounds pretty far fetched to me scientists are constantly monitoring the sounds activities so once you see the sun acting all weird and moody how much time do you have before all this ions to reach earth. are the sorts of things happen all the time there are solar storms all the time that they called space weather because it's akin to saying you know do we have

weather here on earth yes we do you know it's always changing so people monitor it for that reason so you know we. you can see what are called active regions on the sun these of areas with sunspots and increased activity you can see them as the sun rotates around and you know when these things are becoming active and you can they can prepare things like satellites and. power networks to handle it but how can we were lying on predictions about sol or storms when scientists can't even predict earthquakes accurately well earthquakes are a totally different thing but you in general have some time when you're when there isn't because the light from a large solar flare reaches us within eight minutes when it from the sun whereas the radiation the particles the part that would cause a disruption in the earth's magnetic field that can take hours longer so there is

some time that you get some warning time that you get you know we're protected against sol or storms by our natural magnetic field but now it's failing because it is realigning but isn't that the normal it all happened before right and humans were fine somehow. yeah i don't i don't know about the dangers that you're speaking about because i've never heard any such things know anything credible now the earth's magnetic field as you say does occasionally switch its polarity if the north becomes the south pole and back and forth and that's the natural process that has been going on for millions of years so what have you heard of gamma ray bursts because people say they're one of the most dangerous things in a universe they can emit more energy in one burst and this sun can ever in its lifetime if i find it gets in the way of something like that life on earth will be over our way completely powerless against such thing. as you are correct are extraordinarily bright things. but there's never been one anywheres. near

our galaxy since we have been around to observe it so these things primarily happen very very extraordinarily large distances from our galaxy so they're very very far away in general so there's no threat to our planet it's not something i spend a lot of time worrying about sagan so there's no threat to our planet it's not something i worry about no. you know the saying something is no threat doesn't mean that there isn't some possibility of it but again this is a tiny possibility now we're talking a lot about the dangers only to our client but is there anything threatening the whole universe i mean scientists have been warning of an event like the vacuum decay for example is the universe in danger of self destruction. that's pretty speculative. it's not that it's not something that anyone

takes that seriously i would say really so all the scientists all this works. using there are just about nothing. well there's a lot of speculative things that go on in science and i think that's a good thing but you have to keep in mind that. that the probability of these things is extraordinarily low this is very different than say for instance asteroid impacts which we we see happened right just a few years ago we watched you know what asteroid impact those things happen on a fairly regular basis that's completely different than things like you know hypothetical things like back and forth curation space debris like old satellites is clearing there are so orbit and it's threatening space ships like the i assess it could mess with takeoff trajectories etc why it can't is all we just shot down from the sky. the space debris that you talk about is left over junk from all of

the you know pieces that broken off of rockets or satellites you know the many thousands of satellites that we human beings have placed in orbit as you're correctly point out they do hit on occasion other satellites and for instance the i assess. but most of these pieces we're talking about a very small you know we're talking about things like this you know just very small pieces and so. getting them out of space is something that we don't have any good idea how we do right now right now the best thing you can do is to track them accurately and know what if something's going to hit you and move your spacecraft so is everyone at the moment just sort of dumping their stuff in space like whatever because it's space and it's got room how do you make space faring nations clean up after themselves well that's a process that's already happening there are international agreements for what's called best practices in space not you know if you have

a satellite that is about to go dead you don't leave it in an orbit where it could were once it dies where it could get hit by something you do your bit on purpose or you put it into a higher parking orbit so these agreements are. have been made over the last several years and they're going to make a difference i think so not sun has said that finding a new earth is not a matter of if but when and so an oath like planets are orbiting a star nasa says they might have life on them but you know they're forty light ears away and that's like thousands of actual human ears so seeing how we won't be able to fly there in our lifetime why all this excitement. idea that there might be life elsewhere in the universe is incredibly exciting because that means that we're not unique unique here on earth and i think that would be the discovery of life somewhere else in the universe would be among the most important discoveries ever

made by human beings space that again we don't know there are as you say planets that could support life but that's all we know space x. is saying it will send a couple of tourists to the moon next year company space vehicles are already preparing to have to s.s. under a contract with nasa is private space exploration finally becoming a reality absolutely these private companies are driving a lot of progress in space exploration and i think we've only seen the very beginnings of it i think the next ten years are going to be quite exciting so you as an awesome not you spend time on the ward of the international space station you've flown an satisfy a shuttle is an experience that should be available to all i would love for more people to have that experience know the experience as i did it which is you know required years of training is different than what it's going to have to become for

it to become much more widespread so i think that process is going to happen in the same way that modern airline travel doesn't require you to be a pilot no right you buy a ticket and you find someplace right and then it's changed life on earth for the better i think but the first space tourist dennis tito didn't take his spaceflight too well despite all the training he recalled feeling sick during the trip can you make space travel confortable or has it become more confortable over the years. well i think you have to accept that certain things are not as comfortable as sitting on your couch and eating potato chips or watching t.v. or you know if you want to do certain things you have to accept for know a certain level of discomfort you know if you want to travel overseas even you may have to take an overnight flight if you want to go to moat you know go to visit base camp about everest it's cold you know so i think that's ok all right at thank

you very much for this interesting inside good luck with everything we were talking to add lou former spacewalking astronauts now see being six twelve foundation dedicated to descending earth from threats from outer space talking about real dangers to life on the planet as well as the ones that are more far fetched that's it for this edition of the next. very much. los angeles the city of luxury and free but also an alarming number of people living in the streets. the simple fact in l.a.

is there's just not enough shelter even if people on the streets right now decided to come in there's nowhere to come in and it's been a struggle. this man from his own response to the problem and constructed dozens of tiny homes for people in need of shelter when you have nothing in order to go. you know having something like this may as well be a castle but do the authorities accept such solution. me house on a city parking space is not a solution your kerf someone wanted touring the site otherwise it'll be a free for all the news there a better alternative to end the homelessness crisis. only one day to go before the millionth birthday because i just think about that in nine years it went from absolutely unknown piece of software to world shaking wall

street transforming society bust a mega important thing. in the heart of the swiss alps this is a place probably more secretive than the pentagon more mysterious than the cia and better guarded than for knox ellis with customs are here permanently all the science is controlled by them and they impose the opening time so if you oppose it it was adopted from is all plus the procedures in place of the strictest in all europe must to pieces by artists like pecan so and modigliani i can't boards and soon in the side this warehouse that's where the report comes in it's. naturally discreet commercially discreet step but also discreet because they concern fraud. some of those paintings are linked to dark secrets nobody knows how many of these

secrets a kept inside the geneva freeport system you'll never obtain an inventory of all the works in the freeport who knows how many there are three hundred three thousand three hundred thousand it's a matter of confidentiality only is it the world's black box of the odd business.

celebrations and fireworks a light up at the globe to mark the beginning of the new year two thousand and eighteen russia's capital is hosting large numbers of tourists with the holiday season in full swing. when you see dead friendly it was so. fantastic this is a save the city has ever been and we've been all over the world pursue the world police so does feeling like you're being the mall santa. clause says donald trump of congratulates americans on the new year we look back at his first twelve months in office. russian children abandoned in iraq when their parents joined us on the state celebrate new year's eve back home after an r.t. campaign help reunite them with.