contributing can do you know for an advice. i mean of course. this is very sensitive. politically what contributing countries to believe in chile offer troops there is no doubt about it. i think there has been a tradition in un peacekeeping that states to have. some conflict. or not should not be part of the true contribution and i will be short and stick to that principle but with. countries like kazakstan or even bellicose rich hosted the agreements should they be considered as somebody who has a stake in this conflict or somebody who has it and that's fair to both that the russians and the ukraine. today i think it's off to decide to decide who they have confidence and. well mr graham and gary have to take

a very short break but we'll be back in just a few moments stay tuned. here's what people have been saying about rejected and this is. the only show i go out of my way to you know what it is that really packs a punch. yeah john oliver a party america is doing the same. apparently better than. the sea people you've never heard of. jack to the next president of the world bank very. seriously send us an e-mail.

young children have worked in bolivia for generations almost three quarters of a million a doing so today. this culture led to the development of bolivia's new liberal and highly controversial children's code in two thousand and fourteen which gave children as young as ten the right to work under certain circumstances one does and is seen as. is all news. eat well without having the end all. the things years. but there are hundreds of thousands of children in bolivia operating completely outside the local.

mining work is strictly forbidden by the children but it's never enforced and that means the school boy minus continue risking their lives for the money they need to survive. welcome back to worlds apart thomas secretary general of the organization for security and cooperation in europe mr graham and let's broaden our discussion a little bit i heard one official in moscow say that the next few years or to be precise your term will determine whether the becomes

a more relevant international body or whether it seizes to exist altogether do you agree with such stark formulation. it would of course. the. huge expectations on my terms. not so sure that i. would like. but of course i'm ambitious and i know it's extremely important to position this organization relevant platform for him to also style lock and for common action on all relevant security issues in the. area and if not the organization will gradually become obsolete in that sense i agree the stakes are high i just want to seize on what you just said and i heard you say before that you are one build the always see into the relevant forum for security dialogue in

the euro atlantic and eurasian space and that's an interesting formulation in and of itself because to many decision makers in the euro atlantic community devalue concept of the eurasian space as a separate economic and geopolitical and to is offensive what exactly do you mean by the eurasian space. i think this. is a very much formulation. some of declaration in two thousand and ten. that. is about the creation of a common security space in the your atlantic. area and if you look at some of the security challenges currently facing just look at. counter-terrorism . extremism the central asian states are extremely keen to get all we see expertise to you always see as

a platform for exchange. best practices to get the o.e.c.d. also to. encourage the participating states to cooperate movements and remember what i mean by my question is that i think there is absolutely no secret that many in the united states in particular see any efforts to deepen economic or security integration among former soviet states as a sort of stepping stone stores the recreation of the soviet union in its geopolitical role this is what form i hear secretary of state hillary clinton talked about in very disapproving terms this is what many people in the united states believe and for them europe you know that conception of europe is whole free they would say at peace but in russia people with interpret as under the american heel and to many in the united states and in the west more generally russia is a spoiler that is trying to destroy this beautiful vision of europe hall three

and on to the american influence can you tell me authoritatively that you have never came across that kind of formulation in your work as the. secretary general then i can assure you. you see. a disparaging states. in trade. alliance. wants to enter. out necessarily. losing. out. on trading have you ever been accused of speaking like a russian foreign minister sergei lavrov because this is exactly what he would say . i'm trying to be impartial. offering

it you know you see the middle ground my sense is that this is being appreciate that by both sides by both sides or by all sides it's of course more complicated it's more than just the use and the best. security narrative. in the stop in the last twenty years you see clearly different narrative you see also the narrative. countries they have a different view of different security narrative. and i think we see. a platform that provides a space for dialogue. to all sides this is a very interesting question as far as the always purpose is concerned because when our going to zation was created during the cold war as the east last four on the trust between the sides was also very low but at that point of time the right to

their own. worldview was recognized i wonder if in a certain way you are actually talking about taking the always see to its very own regions when this organization would be a forum for negotiating those fundamental viewpoint differences rather than being sort of a compliance clock for or and monitoring compliance club for one vision which is the atlantic vision which i think was the case for this organization in the late one nine ninety s and early to thousands i think the half a set of principles and commitments to all participating states need to. stick to and deal we see is indeed to bend it comus to these principles and commitments monitoring platform. but this should definitely not not stop. there because. interestingly enough there is no. fundamental

questioning of these principles and commitments but the obviously have to develop different understandings of what these principles mean. and again the conflicts in torture and. crisis in around ukraine are case in point the need to build a unified. very can gradually build trust and confidence and then at some point in time the. reach. a level of trust. to get back to these more fundamental issues but for the time being i think it's about incremental progress it's also very much about solving the crisis in around your crane. before we can then address these more fundamental issues again mr gregory focus mostly on the issues involving russia so

far but i think there are other countries like for example even some states within the e.u. that no longer want to be sort of folded into the west that have their own issues with the way western community interprets human rights democracy security or what have you and i'm sure you would say that that calls even for more dialogue but i wonder how would you define dialogue at this point and would you would the current mode of communication within the always see bodies qualify as dialogue g.o.c. offer a different. department a council. this is of course very much also a public diplomacy form states are held accountable i think this is necessary but again it's not enough. i think do unique opportunity see offices there is a lot of informal space for dialogue. again and example there has

been this structure style ok stop east on political military issues i think. there is a successful serious platform. very much appreciate it it's only been one year. in existence perhaps even less than that it was offered by the germans just last year do you think it has really demonstrated any practical successes well if you look at for the time being it's a platform that is appreciate that that is just a ten percent to some capitals. by the ambassadors here and that under current circumstances i would rate as a success but you're right you're absolutely right at some point in time of course this platform will have to produce results but i think when you look at the

discussions last year on strip perceptions military risk reduction. there is now. this common understanding. of military capabilities that started now it's ongoing it's an important endeavor and i do hope that at some point in time this structure of dialogue could lead to very concrete military risk reduction measures will lead to. a new understanding of how to implement the current confidence and security building measures and. eventually and hopefully also. to. to revise the current of comfort and security building missions let me squeeze one more question which is crucial for us you know that one area of tensions is the station of its media freedoms i'm sure you've heard. about the difficulties that

the russian media experience in europe and the united states a number of american media organizations are facing restrictions in russia and i think at the core of all those disagreements is the notion that some media could be labeled as free and others could be labeled as wild propagandist like for example the channel that i represent the letter once the idea is that the letter once how have to be outlawed and i think that's a very new thing a very new phenomenon we didn't have it during the cold war we didn't have countries like for example france or the united states actually putting forward legislative majerus to ban the. expression of opinion do you think the oyster point of time realistically can has the capacity to influence how this whole thing unfolds are. essentially reduced to expressing your concern and regret. let me. start by. i mean how important freedom

of expression freedom of speech is there are basic human rights fundamental pillars of any democratic society. as an institution. especially. media freedom and the ripper sent. to freedom media this is missing. and he. has only expressed regret at certain violations of media freedom for example in latvia when russian journalists for no apparent there were communicated raised and sent out of the country but he didn't do much to rectify that he does a lot he has two sets of tools he has the tools of public diplomacy and has the tools of diplomacy i see both. i can assure you. very much

engaged he's concerned about these issues and he verse on them very hard previously always see had to sort of preach to you former soviet states former communist states are states that were deemed to be violators of. press and media freedoms to sort of comply with the norms but now we see one western country after another the champions the champions of media freedoms to introduce measures that would limit those media freedoms. what's your reaction to that and do you think that process in itself could be stopped or alter it again coming back to the form of bodies of these are issues being. brought up in a permanent council see. but i think in a more systematic. it is a deal we see institution. for a percentage on the freedom of. it. and. tries to shape

decision making in respective participating states well mr graham member this is all we have time for i really appreciate your being on the show and to our viewers please keep the conversation going on our social media pages and i hope to see you again same place same time here on a world apart. the two thousand and eight economic crisis turns some countries into paid these are the countries with weaker economies that needed austerity policies if you are in

a situation of flow bloat even the recession austerity is a very bad idea it doesn't work it makes millions of people very unhappy those who are unemployed see their wages decline almost a decade how good are the results. by the people gathered in which to watch it all get people to see what i. believe will be she was i mean to for legal. challenge nice to. see something. while the same mission is still in place to one of the consequences to weaken blue bird flu disputable who will first be one of the suits the truth be considered is the consequences are actually quite acceptable to the decision maker.

was still with you on the idea that dropping bombs brings police to the chicken hawks forcing you to fight the battle for things going. to stop spreading tell you that what we gossip the public are file for the most important day. off the bad guys and tell me you are not cool enough and that's why they're. the hawks that we along with all will watch.

the week's top stories for most of our t.v. julian assange has given ecuadorian citizenship but he remains holed up nonetheless of the country's london embassy as britain insists he'll face of arrest if he steps outside. america's online army r.t. learns of pentagon plans to develop software to automatically post messages responses on social media. also for the last seven days trumps oval office outburst global backlash over the us president alleged group remarks about immigrants from africa and central america.

by sunday afternoon here in moscow or no in that thanks for joining us live for it r.t. for the weekly around the big stories of the last seven days of which there were many starting this on thursday ecuador announced it has granted wiki leaks founder julian assange citizenship he's been holed up of course in the country's london embassy for over five years now after seeking political asylum there but he's still unable to leave as the u.k. refuses to grant him diplomatic immunity and says he must surrender and face justice laura smith recaps the week's developments. photograph of himself in an ecuadorian football shirt which gave rise to a lot of speculation about what that could mean he generally doesn't do things unless they mean something and then we saw reports surfacing from quito which said that he had received a national identity number say he's been entered into the tax register essentially which is something that will only happen to citizens of ecuador this follows a statement earlier this week from the foreign minister of ecuador saying that the

situation of living here in the embassy is unsustainable and asking for the first time. for a third party mediator either another country or another person to see if they could help to resolve this issue with a person can't live in those conditions or rather. we're considering the option of mediation police who don't have said that could be done virus that country or individual. no solution is possible without international corporations and it's no wonder that she wants a resolution because of course it's been five and a half years since ourselves first went into the embassy behind me course there have been developments in his case along the line most notably possibly last year we didn't drop the investigation into that sex allegations against him but the u.k. authorities still say that if he sets foot outside this embassy they will arrest him because he of course jumped bail when he went into the embassy and wiki leaks

still fears and onward extradition to the united states so what we're seeing ecuador making moves quite concerted moves to try and resolve the situation but the u.k. government still remains intractable on the issues to even after all this time it's very unclear when and what will be the ending of this darker laura smith well u.s. officials refused to comment on the matter and the depth of there is still speculation that if assad does step out of the embassy it is arrested the u.s. may request as extradition is some of the reaction we heard on the streets of ecuador about whether they supported the government's action on the course of. the most vital to continue negotiating the situation is difficult being incarcerated for several years is dangerous to health we all know that the objective behind the trials has nothing to do with her son's. there's a real possibility of extradition to the u.s. . i think you so much was treated inhumanely during the entire trial

process a prisoner without a fake sentence and with rights to defense being violated. you've got an opinion as well of two activists in the week what could happen next then for julian assange in this next chapter the basis on which the the u.k. authorities would arrest him apparently is for breaking bad conditions so the charges in terms of the case in sweden have now been dropped. maybe there will be an extradition attempt and various kind of international bodies have found when they've looked into it the chance of getting a free and fair trial in the u.s. of minimal i think that this is really a continuation of a very dangerous and wrongheaded policy to target whistleblowers julian is one of the biggest international whistleblowers and i think that they really want his head on a platter it's the worst kept secret in washington that julian is like least leave

it to begin working his way through the u.s. judicial process if you ever leave the embassy despite being holed up in that embassy for five years now it seems he may have found a new way to entertain yourself there in mind those cryptic tweets that seem to be a new favorite pastime of his by the looks of it.

but i think. the black pieces are the bad guys and the. bad guys. the. day that the u.s. has to step up its activities on social media. and understand two.

different languages potentially sway public opinion. the classic boss have been out there for ages and we know what they're usually used for that is sending out spam messages in some cases performing hacking attacks but it seems that uncle sam is after something much more sophisticated here if you go online and check out the us federal business opportunities website you will come across a pentagon request from earlier this week and this was something that really caught our attention with the us army wants right now is a software system that will be able to translate between languages most notably russian korean farsi and arabic and we all know which countries these languages are spoken and the tool is meant to understand and know how to use correctly dialects

slag and even that mode g.'s plus must be a tool that is capable of analysis all these millions of posts comments and replies and we all that these things can be really dodgy are to be at a loss for emotion and sentiment key question is a guess is it's probably over his but what's it going to be used for potentially they want the software to be able to communicate with users online maybe not one hundred percent like a human being but somewhat close to that just take this requirement that i have printed out right here it is the ability to generate at least three or up to ten unique statements derived from the original social media statement while retaining the meaning and the tone of the original again the software monitor and adeline as its own impact from the messages that it sends then adjust plus it also needs to be self taught in a way that it can learn from its own mistakes and then improve an upgrade which

provides potentially unprecedented opportunities for influencing opinion on life in a company you're going to notice the irony of this big plan is that saw on the heels of the us leaders complaining of all the. about online interference from other parties other countries really kevin in the case when russian troll farms and bots there are all over the media news about that some experts have already told us that it's part of a u.s. campaign could be to expand their online influence in capabilities something that they have been up to forty years but really the sophistication of this new project machines being able to analyze the emotions and the sentiment of comments online that are something alarming we contacted the pentagon direct for clarification they did get back to us but all they said was that the would be helpful to them given the huge amount of data on the internet. or we also talked to n.s.a.

whistleblower william binney and four of our five agent very mush on about the push to develop these advanced bots their lines some of the implications as they saw it but they really want to do is be able to monitor royce communications or any kind of communications text and be able to assess it and. check it for other threats or things like that or even. from some of the manipulation programs even respond. and try to manipulate the other person at the other end so i mean all intelligence agencies have had this is one of their objectives white papers are generally circulated among contractors who do business with the government so it is a little unusual to see these things out in the public as far as i know the most obvious interpretation would be that this is a pushback against the allegations that have been made consistently for the last eighteen months about so-called russian true.