versa does prevail andrew europe is afraid afraid of finding itself on the sidelines it needs a strategy and so european gauges in a series of reforms to make its higher education more competitive so it can serve europe's economy its productivity its job market and its liberal project england will quickly set the tone before anyone else and to get straight to the point. after the second world war we had a system where local education authorities around the country were responsible for providing a grant to students and giving of covering tuition fees. and that was at a time when roughly three percent of eighteen year olds went to university around twenty thousand. all science students will have their first two terms be required to attend lectures on physics chemistry mathematics and biology it will also be possible for science students to major in philosophy knowledge is not

posted look at what a huge net them in one and covering all subject all all places. in the one nine hundred eighty s. and nine hundred ninety s. there was a funding crisis amongst universities lots of vice chancellors complaining that they didn't have enough money to cover the amount of students are now coming through the system so the government commissioned a report and this was called the dealing with pools and that came up with a number of recommendations almost one hundred recommendations roughly half for the government about how it could. maintain sustain and improve higher education in the u.k. and one of the most controversial parts of that report was the introduction of was i in one thousand nine hundred seven the british left led by its young charismatic candidate tony blair wins the elections after eighteen

long years of conservative rule. at the age of forty three the head of the labor party takes charge of the country with a program whose foundation is to apply private sector management models to public services so as to make them more efficient more productive route higher education will be no exception. right. we need to widen access to universities get more money into universities and the best and fairest way to do it is a balance between the state and the graduate. face became reality and nine hundred ninety eight and it was a key landmark in the history of higher education in the u.k. because of that moment the principle of free education free higher education in the u.k. finished. for this historic reform tony blair introduces the yearly one thousand pound tuition fee a smooth way to start five years later prompted by his second term election tony

blair authorizes universities to charge tuition fees up to three thousand three hundred pounds yearly and tony blair. head of britain's labor party successfully passed a reform that the conservatives would never have dared bring forward. in two thousand and ten the labor party rallies the opposition the coalition made of liberal democrats and conservatives led by david cameron take charge of the country very rapidly the debate of a jewish visa rises on the political scene again this time the government intends to authorize tuition fees up to nine thousand pounds yearly all the while reducing the portion of public funding and it catered to universities this new reform violently divides both members of parliament and public opinion that have been very difficult choices to make we have opted for a such a policy is that provides a strong base for university funding which makes a major contribution to reducing the deficit and introducing

a significantly more progressive system of graduate paper and stuff we inherited and i'm proud to put forward that magic so this. order. when. there is nothing a bank that tiny benefit to the lowest income graduates that justifies doubling or tripling the debt of the vast majority of brides isn't it credible that the party opposite who actually introduced the principle of graduates paying and fainted for two jewish and fee increases is able to drum up quite so much fake anger on the issues out there was any young person ask any young person in any poor communities in our country what is your prospect what is your what do you want to do many would say i want to study i want to qualify i want to go to

university i want to achieve something in life. help them. less they are very poor or they're going to borrow money to survive to get through university they simply will not do it this decision matters so much to so many people. i'd say to the house if you don't believe in it vote against. it for the right three hundred twenty three you know most of the last three hundred true god. was. i was when the church was really from three thousand it became one thousand pounds i was up to the university

i say wants to introduce nine thousand pounds a maximum face or anything between six thousand and nine thousand and one surprisingly most university decided to set nine thousand pounds most students we have now half a million students going through every year most of those will be paying a minimum nine thousand pounds a year and that's stuns. over the course of fifteen years british politicians are ruling class that had enjoyed free access to education inflicted a paying system on the new generation. british students along with a european fellows now have to deal with these new rulings that's the way it is. they're young they long for a solid future death thirsty for knowledge and dream of climbing the social ladder all that has a price tag and they'd better get used to him. and that i grew up in

a working class family in the south of poland the young woman could have enrolled in a university in cracow in copenhagen or even amsterdam. it would have been free in england and it was granted a student loan to pay for her nine thousand pounds tuition fee. i knew i was going to go abroad to study and i think well for a little while i thought it was going to be scotland but then. i think i decided it was england you know like way back and it just stuck with me and i and i came here and it was it was scary it was so scary because i was away from home i was here alone i didn't have anywhere to turn to and look at me now i study chinese of all the courses that i could have chosen i can't wait for you know what the future holds and what i'm going to do i have so many ideas but we'll see.

i talked to my grandfather once and we're talking about everything else and then kind of started talking about university and how much money that costs and everything and i had many thoughts about ok maybe maybe i'll quit maybe i'll you know it's too much maybe it's not worth it and then i realized well how my going to pay it back but that's one of the reasons why i stayed and other reason bigger even is that i like what i do i think i'm not quite sure where that came from my need to go to university i think is because. none of my family members went to university i think i wanted to be i wanted to be that one first person who did that and my mom my mom really wanted me to do that as well she did encourage me strongly

i don't know what i would do with her if i fail i would i would feel like i failed her and i never want to do that ever. because being here and doing what i do and being averse it is my way of paying her back problem that she's to me i think. oh yeah i'm good it's my way of paying back for everything. and. weirdo european students be forced one day to get into debt. should education become a sensible good. must didn't speak um self-made finance she has to earn an education . northern european countries see things a bit differently. it's

been almost fifty years since we've had human beings on the surface of another planetary body and i hope that we could actually put together an international lunar exploration initiative much like we have the international space station consortium and together the countries of the world cooperating with the private sector could afford to get back into real space exploration and i think that would that would create a a lot of excitement. when

you go shoot what you could you. know what i noticed was wearing one million people that died. killed people being peace even dangerous. no no one's income to a way to achieve everybody's randomness and that's. this baby and. this one much eighteenth vote with your remote.

special coverage of the russian presidential election exit polls opinions real time results monitoring and much more. so to some promise that i'm going to do have to go. on hang on the most of it's on a need to some pinned on the beginning and end don't think this is the. if a man asked mr don't submit all o'donovan stood obvious to me that sounds like most of the vastness out to down to spit. or lick it on to for new found skill angles can appeal to gays is going to get is my boy so be taller to hammer in a studio. so the majority belive hmong are suited up they are booked to scold me for okaying as miles from. a class on hamlet building but when sky. going to from an e.q. appears not so most of the bit on the studio. just like denmark and finland not only offers free education to european students but

also allocates a universal ground to each through dish student three hundred euros a month for six years. this way the student sees his or her time at university as an experience of freedom and learning a way to shape a critical mind and apprehend the world here it's important it's called the student experience. they are in love with just the for us to them into not from. their. mix on manic or. shall not the whole of their quest for to one number have a thorough at twelve can ask akbar seen from paid. tank a feat oak think. mere danger and i'm a forty four and i said here that the lesson from to oaktown my docs the stuff. that. you know. that made me have

a heart that i want to believe that we've got to drum up at the moment joseph and have to do is you have to start us off kidnapped at the end of this because you know the show you might use to come in through the end of the streets and have a little child if you. it was something to behold i told you all the us thing. to those trying to solve both summonses not just. or soon almost all sales will come to market and i'll do something about the work out among some of the two clubs you know if i hear no p.o.v. . from the moment the sun you know you know from three months ago come here and think very and. then back to the empty our mothers' and me and me and decide this is the good news what's the plan since fantasy of a man the judge and the gimme a finance are going to the senate call them a spine you say on the. down get some f.

don't tempt stuff to fight about stuff how the bomb still loom the horror of a couple more how you all hold about. it in the midst of intimacy so that's where the moments come from doing the show in the film. industry or something we call murder told us a. special stimulus i just read this book if i must put. your picture of your teacher about. even a mythical certain kind of golfing now it's going to cost me to pay. the size. for my studio for two because i live it and because from the next minute i think oaks of the store how are doing so i think i'll see over your total how this been going on not just when i was trying to figure this out do you congressman i said you know that some famous coke and stuff out there is they go out there but see it at the end of this week somehow i thought anything new on sunday some of the most

infamous gaining number six on the c.c. that's any kind to your point that three hundred to some your thank you for time means that i bought it out in the middle of the on the stand. disc. right what happens elsewhere the tuition fee increase hasn't deterred young english students from enrolling. in one thousand nine hundred eight just before the introduction of tuition fees there were eight hundred thousand students in english universities. there are now two point three million the cost to access knowledge hasn't deterred them so why stop there. they have vice chancellor is already making noises about the cap but he still to live life thousand pounds a year. many are saying that we need to move to an american style system where it's

much much more expensive it's not a nine thousand pounds capital b. much much more but i think what we're witnessing i'm in a cross the public sector an equation on public sector within the united kingdom within the u.k. it's probably the third phase of competition and privatized marketisation since since the second world war and that's what we've seen in terms of higher education it's a slow creep and when you start to introduce that you get the leadership of universities stop thinking necessarily about the education that they are providing or about the public good start importing the behaviors of what they see is a competitive environment elsewhere within the private sector. manchester so students we've got many different universities here in manchester metropolitan university university or so forth north west through college of music

manchester articulate to me and so on we're told one student population is about one hundred thirty thousand students which is pretty much one third of the city our campus year it is almost as big as manchester city center. big division of communications and marketing communicates everything that's good about the university both internally and text and it's developing and it's also professionalizing the higher education sector is probably like behind the commercial sector for some time but it's catching up very fast our university has its very own starbucks if you're into starbucks if you're into like taking selfies with your starbucks cup and everything this is pretty much the clothes to go if you go to subway you're going to get a free cookie if you go to mcdonald's you're going to get a free milk for ian so. saw the series pretty much made for students so make great use of

a student fees have increased from three thousand pounds to nine thousand pounds that does mean that students want better value for money they want more in marketing and help and communicate what the benefits of an organizational so we always have many many different people coming over we had some professors from many different countries we had also movie directors and everything if you want to make a good impression stop you can get a job offers in higher education in the u.k. traditionally like the historically communications and marketing have been very much a support function what we're seeing now is a transformation where we're moving from a supporting role to a leadership role. and that's the feeling that as has come very very quickly over the last few years that it's not just about education anymore it's also about running

a business many universities are now businesses and the vice chancellors are also chief executives and they make no they're not shy in saying this they have to make money they have to make a profit and startlingly what we found is that over a period of five years vice chancellors salaries had increased by on average somewhere in the region of twenty six percent whereas in the same period for your main gate lecturers those people are actually providing the service to the students that saw their pay drop in real terms by twelve percent and this is a clear normally and you have to ask yourself the questions of why is this happening. reform this is the only system similar to all those worldwide that support paying education rely on an essential concept an economic theory born in the sixty's. and it rose to. at the end of the ninety's. the human capital. because peter you must take what i say the third quarter there.

and i need you disposed us took the good bit also the good is also a very noisy august sort of rushing it don't. you know that bt loss over the reform as you have a thriller farmers or you just other courses think. this would be so nail it all off you pause a. look at the songs. you give that if that money there was new and so it all clichy cimon do them on the island remember the feel say the pharmacy also give either a poor soul out the sunday thing yet don't have a bottle to come does it true that is the truth was all set up off it what you fear most at regime like in a sauce that blue green valley or economic is very like going to meet at

a sausage d.c. printed if you jump so that your course you pause desire may let you just revive our good old proceed you know says it you'd kill some other top receiver you got bigger share. in that to lead me to push it up to it we. are these. influenced by the english tidal wave in two thousand and six germany also raised his tuition fees authorizing universities to charge one thousand euros per year this ugly finnish two years all the lender of federal states slowly abandon this policy to return to an entirely free system. ga first it was fun only visited. it's business as for homes and buildings i'm a bit strong how does midget buck does the owner visited if i had to go to when he

visited a third of the top of. the first over the m for stock afforded to him could be at odds with. him so in other words order to him and door slammed by to him to be open fire fighter in him come. in stubbornness money action scene come. on. skips us getting annoyed with a connotation when he visited and get. this and shoved its business model to tighten daughter leading to it skips is because in that benzene. zene vase is doing good be on z. but listen and. we visit if it's a must but the university of manchester doesn't suit us. in this it's your aunt

to florida to new york equal for cedar fair become. decent in misdeeds your own place. despite some resistance being this model is spreading throughout europe. it applies theories elaborated by large international instances mostly by the world bank and the o.e.c.d. . from now on the knowledge market is the new doctrine universities are expected to become a strategic force in wealth production. they must become like companies and industries they must promote applied research they must favor in playability they must produce a qualified workforce consistent with companies designers. mogs does these took to it a bit of affinity socially as you duffy got if it's there i'll speak i'm going to go home and see if you can be moved. guardian technician that i can to sion. traineeships into neeman ward d.

you enjoy defense in front of. to be daft isn't a name is not meant to be didn't win does cover just after to give it the current in under who surely neema it's pretty easy of does he didn't let you into name and boy in or does not in the guise or the indian engineer isn't shafton is he d. to employ ability id for absolute feel good if and or end up as in dolphin does the divisions of the qualitative good to get out into the in need to identify. this british i'm a bit of i'm drama to accomplish more did first did when he visited for his youngest number of books always been institutes through one this is it just wasn't george my. is the if he isn't but a month so i'm finished first eat the stuff belonging to the steam food or some friend if you like that bomb. under performing the stock market oh my god blackstone one arbitrage opportunity you have brought a mixture self i suggest you short yourselves opara money into the abyss or

a your own corporate balance sheet and then blow your brains out on live t.v. they give us all of the kind of fun experience for that financial predatory class up. some is not so is not i can quit place is not good to country. true. but a minister in the bush family loves. you this but that's the gist of it is glued. to the culture. of the cult hit list with the. secular serious. polling in stressful and biased from the muslim of themselves to be the middle. play almost anything for the most and the best and i think our better john said i'm best friend on my show that's right

no one can i do not the last time we'll slice from that mcnabb i don't i'm not eating. from a show you cannot. fucking on the canal team someone must feel now we can fuck them up. let's assume it's in the sun and nothing is going to show you the state i don't want to go to the cities in the micro. forces in this or do whatever the steam. so cinema largo the other large risk. the serious was was this. is a new. church secret indeed just like priests accused of sexually abusing children can get away with it quite literally i like to call this the do graphic solution so what the bush admits to do then he finds out that the priest is is

a perpetrator is simply moved him to a different spot were the previous standards not known the highest ranks of the catholic church help conceal the accused priests from the police and justice so i sent it out and i know that's not as the i intend then i can fly out at tuesday's out and. his first is true. about your sudden passing i have only just learned you worry yourself in taking your last abang turn. you're at it up to you as we all knew it would i tell you i'm sorry america so i write these last words in hopes to put to rest these things that i never got off my chest. i remember when we first met my life turned on each back . but then my feeling started to change you talked about war like it was again

still some more fun to feel those that didn't like to question our arc and i secretly promised to never be like him it said one does not leave a funeral the same as one enters the mind gets consumed with death this one quite different i speak to you now as there are no other takers. child. hazmat make. up.

from security to psychology francis to change tactics to integration issues surrounding returning children. concerns linger they could become a terror threat. in the program this hour it's revealed of syrian opposition fighters are on washington's payroll the pentagon requested thirty million dollars from the u.s. budget to cover their wages. for life in russia found guilty of killing and mutilating nineteen workers in the sex industry.