then he. started to. turn over security numbers law sure. what they said about him but then he is. going up to look at it long. it's been a very bloody two months here the beginning of this year it is really hell on the ground for the children and.

civilians who are caught in this in this situation they have nowhere to go. nowhere to go. but according to the latest u.n. estimates nearly six hundred people have been killed due to heavy fighting between government forces and terrorists and civilians have come under shelling too for militants on a daily basis preventing them from leaving the enclave that era chewed spoke to a syrian mother superior working at a refugee camp for those fleeing east and. there is a will. in the rebel side. to keep the civilian under their custody and may be to use them as a human shield going from a lot of out from a lot to the camp is very dangerous it is people are shelled and they are sniped

and we have witnessed this. our team or was there in contact with families inside the law who are wanting to go out i'm imagining that those trapped within the city. are completely helpless and we can't imagine the kind of living conditions as well because of lack of supplies. people do want to leave because they are living in extreme conditions. i have one my for many. request from people inside. to be helped to go i would say flee because inside it's also very difficult for them personal messages on your phone can you describe the kind of things that they're saying to you i am getting private messages and you know a woman i would never save their woman you can you expand on that why why you're

going to have sexual violence every time we have a head to. reason you quit to people we have found like twenty five percent of the women and little little girls they have. they have been are solved it is very said reality. tell us who the perpetrators are of that sexual violence the people in control the men. are in control and they can oblige meanwhile europe is having to deal with the families of eisel fighters returning from syria and iraq after the fall of the terror group francis unveiled plans to reintegrate them into schools although that move is now causing concern charlotte been ski reports from paris there just children innocent into a world of brutality. but while most children are playing with dolls and because

these are being taught to play with guns and knives and some have even been trained to kill. well i mean it would depend on each individual to be up to the kind of failure to believe that cool would be actually trying the guns knives and how to kill people and not only that we have seen people being killed and of course that makes it some form of normality for the bitches because that means when they do that will be. more likely to fight them to do something very similar to the real threat to society it's impossible to know just how many children have been brainwashed by myself but they have already started to return home to germany belgium the netherlands meanwhile in france the authorities putting together a plan to reintegrate the returning children of john hardy the prime minister has

said that sixty eight have already come back and many more are expected to follow. the programs to help these children readjust have been announced by governments across europe but is it too late to reverse the damage already done. the little children are not only victims but they're on the cusp of being forced into being perpetrators but in the video that we just saw are you see the sadism of the adults being played out through the children so there are destroying the mental capacity for the child to differentiate between reality and fantasy in normal lives the murder the road ahead for these children she says is difficult and while there is no

guarantee the therapy they receive will be successful she is hopeful if the child had a fairly good our emotional experience early the child will tend to be more resilient in coming through very severe trauma. that's one thing the other thing will be very much dependent on how well trained the therapists are governments in europe hope that by offering the care and support to the children who return they can help them cast off the horrors they have in do it even carried out and yet the risks still high that it might be too late to right the wrongs of children brainwashed and raised as i saw fighters charlotte deep in ski r.t. paris. still ahead on the weekly a huge new arms deal sparks fresh anger or the saudi crown prince his visit to the u.k. we'll tell you why preserve the stories to just after the break. told

me it's so also not accepted well whether then russia and all the us is deciding it may be off what german companies or european companies are investing in the old witch infrastructure we are building interim an e or and injure up i think it's a trim and it's a european this is. what politicians do something. they put themselves on the line they get accepted or rejected. so when you want to be president i'm sure. most somewhat want to be rich . to going to be pressed to supply them before three in the morning can't be good. i'm interested always in the lines in the house. i sit.

so again there saudi arabia and the u.k. are a step closer to signing a new arms deal that includes the purchase of forty eight fighter jets and disaster might be worth at least five billion pounds a memorandum of intent was signed on friday the last day of the saudi crown prince his controversial visit to britain he was given the red carpet treatment by the u.k. government but his visit was also met by protests over saudi arabia's deadly bombing campaign in yemen artie's israeli was one of the demonstrations the protesters from battering the opposition activists protesting against saudi arabia's continued involvement since they helped to suppress the revolution of two thousand and eleven

to those opposing the arms trade and the war in yemen now since the saudi bombardment of yemen began in two thousand and fifty the u.k. has sold over four and a half billion pounds worth of weapons while the us. still worth over one hundred ten billion some of the biggest deals in u.s. history one of the people we spoke to was the labor m.p. chris williamson the british military advisors to be able but sixty two a whole new level. and frankly trampling on britain's reputation. as a nation that stands up for human rights we've got no place they seem to be selling arms to saudi arabia and certainly we should not be participating in facilitating no point having military advisors there britain support saudi arabia its right to defend its security against missile attacks from yemen many of which have targeted

the kingdom cities including riyadh this is rejoining can. the right to reduce crime looting in what the united nations sais is evidence of war crimes but the u.n. calls yemen the worst manmade humanitarian crisis in modern history and it says over twenty two million people are in dire need for humanitarian aid last year there were almost a million suspected cases of cholera and twice as many children acutely malnourished . now the news and it is groups and riot police clashed in the greek city if there so long nikki on saturday night. i. was the clashes erupted after two thousand protesters from across the balkan region marched through thessalonica in protest against nationalism dozens of mass protesters threw petrol bombs at officers police responded with tear gas and stun

grenades reports suggested balkan anarchist groups came together after far right nationalists allegedly burned down a building occupied by anti fascist activists in testimony came in january. now the french president emmanuel macron is on a trip to india at the moment and despite the visit being hailed a success by both sides there were some protests seen in the west of the country. was. the. locals there demonstrated against the building of a new nuclear power plant which is a joint project between india and france the deal was struck during that crohn's visit and the plans of raised safety concerns as the site lies in india's seismically active region concerns of also being expressed about how it could impact on the livelihood of thousands of locals who reportedly depend directly on fishing and also and sciri activity it's. so let's discuss this

a bit further we're joined now by dr charley he's a professor and dean of the general school of international affairs and you're very welcome firstly just outlined to us then how real are the concerns for safety and environmental concerns to regarding this nuclear power plant. well andrew a nuclear power as you know since the fukushima disaster in japan has. generated a lot of four and one hundred protests so there are quite a few n.g.o.s are here media that are dead of course to nuclear power and. even the russian project including cologne for the salt for another economic reactor and power generation had been opposed to resolutely by some local groups that are left leaning but i would still think that the joint up pool the one which france and you're developing and richard has just been agreed upon and he's going to be overall beneficial for us and economic development and expands to move away from

fossil fuels it's a bit of an irony that environmental groups are challenging nuclear power even though it is relatively cleaner than cotton and our intern gas so i think our prime minister or the end of president michael would have agreed upon a very ambitious speed to also promote solar energy and i can sort of are a newbie are essential for india a lot of the largest are developing countries in the world to move away from dependence on fossil fuels so it's a tough trade off some local people have the ones that won't land and compensation as well as as you said environmental degradation and to some extent of this mountain one hundred three lines that approach of the french and the indian government because i think in societies in part has to be taken along but i think overall the relationship in france is growing there it's not just nuclear power there are also heat on indian ocean cooperation for joint usage of military bases by the pool maybe east and there are also a host of other b.

france deeds that are being discussed so it's become a more wide ranging relationship and i don't think the protests enjoy a couple really in any way for back the two governments from proceeding ahead and just on the issue of safety that people say they are concerned that there is actually nine to being prying into seismic activity is that a fair concern to have. well there are different evaluations of all the risk. some of the beauty that you know it's only a moderate seismic zone and that the chances off or on the fukushima dai bin suster are actually quite low but then there are others who are saying you know we have to be absolutely. safe and not take a chance at all but then the point is you know nuclear power it requires coolants and india has a large horse line so what the court i'm going to josh is building for the south and judge i would front is going to be both of them are along the ocean and they

have to be forced to look asians for water for cooling reactors so i think it's like a good figure dilemma but end of the big consensus is if we are reasonably secure and. you know provide some safeguards for local people and for the environment we should still be able to proceed and look for the larger development needs of a growing going commie like india we just right now the mix the energy mix is heavily fossil fuel dependent and we need to transition towards solar and wind and nuclear and i think in their order these three are going to be very very crucial for us to meet the baddest climate change commitments and also to also be able to save guard the air and water in the long term for all our people a case to them that we're going to play with everyone at a time but niceto she thanks for the background tour of this that was told is that i am ceria professor and they have been the as can go school of international

affairs thank you. thank you for watching and i will say we're back with more news in just about. the not ones up close enough ones often not done one might have seen a tough the definitions and i'm buying. one thinking i need. a shower. and. take them in the night because he was just it to me would oxycodone and then you're just going to bring you know how is that kind. of young movie right now this album boys are going to do you know what that beach yeah that is our. next guest stealing this one meaning i love this guy you know the deep better learn from the focus on tokyo find it he's going to happen you're going to get.

a. good laugh out. of his work was because did a piece against him quite a cultural thing i pulled the premise. join me every first week on the alex i'm i'm sure and i'll be speaking to guest of the world of politics sports business i'm show business i'll see you then. with lawmakers manufacture consent to the public will. when the ruling classes protect themselves. with the fine. listen to the one percent. we can all middle of the

room sick. to lose. the welcome to worlds apart of the dirty secret of the supposedly clean the recycling movement is that much of it is being done offshore and not necessarily in eco friendly ways that has changed as china the world's largest importer of waste closed its ports to much of the foreign garbage starting march first well that's

bird the rest of the world take better care of its own mass well to discuss that i'm now joined by kate o'neill associate professor in the department of environmental science policy and management at the university of california berkeley professor neal it's great to talk to you thank you very much for your time . thank you for having me on now one of the most surprising discoveries i made while researching for this program was the recycling in many western countries is more of a gold a leave the reality i mean people can be very diligent in sorting the garbage but much of it still on the cargo ships to east asia where nobody knows what really happens to it i wonder if recycling deserves this overwhelmingly positive reputation that is it has cultivated that's a good question. i think that the answer is mixed the more things get recycled the . what you would say suggests and i think that when the waste

gets shipped to china some of the definitely does get recycled and reuse them will then would here but you're right this story as it's broken and become a widely known has really shaken people when i talk about it people well why should i even bother recycling if that's what's happening so i think it's it's a story that really is is i think appending our assumptions about what happens to our recycling for sure you know when i was studying in the united states a few years back i once made the mistake of throwing a plastic bottle into the wrong container and that it was immediately perceived as a major social transgression i was given a whole actor on how environmentally irresponsible i was but you are right in one of your articles that the united states recycles only nine percent of its plastic waste which means that only one out of town plastic bottles that you throw into recycling bin will get a second life why is there such

a mismatch between people's ideas about recycling and the actual recycling reality well i think that there's a lot of part of it is that a lot of people don't bother to recycle and i think that. they just toss things into landfill into the the black benaud the rather than the a the blue bin and but i also think that there's this some element of misunderstanding about how to recycle plastics and speaking for myself as someone who studies this site i find it almost torturous figuring out doing this bottle to a take the lid off you know becomes a lot of work and i think it's very difficult for a lot of people to to really figure out how to do that so the other piece of the puzzle is also recycling facilities in this country and in other western countries around the world europe by the way is a little better on this but

a lot of towns and cities here just simply don't have the capacity to sort and then sell the scrap on that we have already generated so it's expensive there aren't necessarily people who are going to buy it and that in itself has created a lot of issues for recycling at that end not just with the consumers and i think you also make the point that up until recently it was simply easier and perhaps cheaper to. waste on cargo ships bring consumer goods from china to the united states another would be going back empty anyway how well do we know at this point how much of that waste is being recycled in china depends on the waste or on the scrap as as many prefer to call it but obviously the high quality scrap a lot of copper aluminum other kinds of metals go to china and that's where the

center of global manufacturing is so that happens to be you know where they're reused and in buildings in. manufacturing. center all the things that we use those medals for other goods. scent there in particular plastics but also textiles and paper they say it is a little bit more on so. we do as we understand that quite a bit of it is actually recycled but the question then becomes under what conditions and with what impacts on environment to the local people the chinese authorities now say that they want to put an end to the by introducing far more stringent contamination limits which with effectively banned much of they all of the imports how much of a disruptor that would be to a global waste industry oh it's surprising how disruptive it's been china has actually been building to this decision for a few years. been receiving so much waste and i think in a lot of

a lot of it in bad shape and contaminated that they really started cracking down in about twenty thirteen with something called operation green fence so this this set of restrictions has been building. when it was announced last june i don't think anyone in the scrap industry were really expecting the stringency of the restrictions that were placed on. the cleanliness of contamination levels so this is really been a huge shock a huge disruption for the global industry and we're talking about a fairly big business because in two thousand and sixteen and i get the figures from your article more than five billion dollars in scrap commodities were imported from the united states to china as far as i understand the american garbage lobby if i can call it that d. tried to be the chinese government of the decision and they argument that they put forward essentially comes down to. citing all the all the losses that the american

recycling industry may incur as well as the losses to the chinese manufacturers do you buy that argument when your way out of the immediate losses versus the need to come up with self-sufficient waste management strategy what emerges on top for. and you just one thing i would say the american scrap industry rather than the garbage industry i also. sort of as a scrap waste person myself i strongly believe in recycling reusing as much as we can i think the central question is how to develop robust markets for scrap and recycled goods the reason why these goods have been going to china scrap is going into china is because those where that's where the markets are. there i could technically be going to somalia or one of the lowest cost economies in the world but china is not that but it does have the means to use that scrap if it for what

it does the amount that it does actually recycle so in the end i think that we need to be really encouraging ways of looking at how to use the script within our countries how to build a recycling capacity but also i don't think imports can even necessarily should go away if they can be managed correctly you're actually leading me to my next question because i think this whole conversation is a very interesting dimension to globalization which allows private interest to essentially take the problem out of sight but not necessarily address it fully you've been studying it for quite some time ago what is your philosophy do you think waste in general should be managed on the national basis and in other words should the country take care of its own mass or should it be globalized and if it's globalized them what what is the over side. you know globalisation is with us

so i think that is always going to be an option. a lot of the scrap trade at the imports china's imports started when it joined the world trade organization two thousand before that there were next to no scrap imports so. this business has grown as trade volumes have grown and as we've seen trade liberalization so those are forces that are very difficult to combat the downside of globalization well there's two two features one is with global markets trade routes so just very quickly in the event of interruption so we're also seeing now the diversion of a lot of the scrap to markets in other markets in southeast asia we're seeing a huge spike in malaysia importing vietnam importing and then we don't know what happens to it we almost have a clear idea about china than we do about those countries for now and we don't know to what extent they can use the scrap but i think there is i think there's

a lot to be said for the producing country to really take responsibility for its waste to clean up and use as much of a tome but if it's going to be exported to ensure that what's being exported is of high quality as the scrap industry is planning or trying to do the harder question is what do you do with conditions in the importing country plastic recycling in particular is very dangerous you know as always prepared for this program i came across the data suggesting that china and the united states roughly produce the same amount of waste around two hundred million tonnes annually and that despite the united states having four times. the population then dot of china so in a way i wonder if this globalization patterns allows the biggest producer of waste per capita in the world a little bit of the whole because i mean if you can ship it to another country then the incentive of taking care of it i would assume is is much lower when

a lot of people are talking about this as really maybe another incentive to start looking seriously at ways prevention reducing our use of plastics coming up with alternatives i think this case in combination with the pollution plastic pollution in the oceans which is becoming such. serious issue is really giving us an impetus to organizations and municipalities and other entities who really want to foster what's called the closed loop the way that you can either reduce production so the plastics or plastics we produce we can handle or to make sure that as much recycling reuse happens at different stages in the production chain not just at the consumer end or at the end of the production process that professor neal you mentioned that after the chinese decision was announced we've seen some spike in parts from other countries and in east asia. i understand that there is a very early days but i wonder if there is any indication if this problem is being

sold by just redirecting the sort of their roots of the waste or whether there is indeed any changes in the way western countries a dealing with the problem domestically. the concern is that yes diversion is happening in the short term hoping that that will be a short to medium term problem but you're seeing is seeing some shifts now as i mentioned people are starting to think about how for instance to solve the issue and. in the united states there was some reporting a couple of weeks ago that actually the chinese companies themselves are coming to the u.s. to check out possible then use for recycling facilities themselves so which is a sort of an irony in all of this story but definitely a possibility but yeah we're seeing diversion.