so much for this country that we know of with the various institutions the libraries the philanthropies but there are also. aspects which a lot of people may not be aware of for example the the hero fund that he. instituted where if someone was. has been discovered to do a heroic act they were given a sum of money and a medal and over nine thousand people were given some money and a medal and when we started the archives here people assumed that carnegie hall had to deal with the andrew carnegie corporation so people were calling to get information about grandpa's medal and grandpa's certificate and i didn't know what they were talking about and then i discovered that there were more than there were nearly ten thousand people whose lives were changed across the country because

andrew carnegie had heard they had done a heroic act so could make a bill to use a little bit just look at that on some distance and he built up an industrial combine and an empire. but spent as much time in libya more giving away his fortune as he did amassing it in the first place he said that someone who dies rich dice disgrace i don't know when he came up with that but he felt that someone should spend the first third of their life becoming educated this second third of their life making money and then the third part of their life giving it away and it was. when he was inspired to do this he became unstoppable he was as aggressive with the way he gave his money away as he was in business and he was pretty aggressive business been. you know he was

what was dictating it was a presbyterian ethic justification by faith i mean i recognize this as a presbyterian justification of by faith you assume the acquisition of wealth is an indication of the justification of your fish that's right as is the philanthropy which he faked of lee invented for the modem age run to giving it away but also part of the was the roofless we had built up his business and so how did you think police squealed to the actions perhaps you have to date by the sensitive to become the world's richest man with this face which was driving him you know to me it's all common sense this is common sense that he had that it wasn't so much going to make money i'm going to have the largest corporation the world he was thinking i need to do this and how can i do it by the most economical way and. he practically invented the monopoly why can't i have my own chips why can't i have

my own trains why can't i have my own coal mines and it wasn't because it will make me wealthier it'll bring the costs of whatever i'm doing down and he could spread it around and reinvest and in fact even funding a place like this carnegie hall was the location to many people was ill advised the architect was unknown and he built it with the idea perhaps acquire would use it but there are three theatres in this building what was he thinking when midtown at this time was still two point eight miles south of here and there was no transportation he knew he could feel something and i think this is transcends religion it transcends philosophy it was a feeling i think and that's that's unique really to me he's i was much as i've i've now. felt i knew and drew for almost thirty two years and he's still

an enigma in a lot of ways because. how would you invent a monopoly or create the monopoly and then build thirty five hundred library eves free for the common man all over the world which was probably based on his own childhood experience in the film and where he couldn't get access to the public liability because as status and life was too lowly so when he took the liability and done famine. and were going to world he first gift was a library to the town of dunfermline and then he bought the yard that belonged to the layered and he opened it up to the public and you know i don't know if it's a moment where he goes. i'm no guilt free i don't think he thought that way at all but then his activities the provision of educational opportunity right the first

few life issue put it to be educated. but also the general philanthropy is so fun for people for potus wasn't it was all. invented the concept of of joint giving give us an example you know i mean you know the saying. give a man a fish and you feed him for the day teach a man to fish and you've fed him for life and this was carnegie's philosophy in terms of giving i mean he thought why should i give you a dollar if you're going to spend it and then that's going to be the end of it he would say i'll build you a library but i want the city to fill it with books i wanted them over there to pay for the funding of the staff and then i want a group to get together and give ten percent every year to the maintenance of this library they weren't expensive by any means i think the libraries cost anywhere from ten to twenty. a thousand dollars back then and he would hire the architect

and buy the land but he wanted a group of people together to help maintain it because he said i didn't i didn't want this to be a waste of time after i'm gone and this philanthropist was based on the woman's greatest folks and he was rich of them well bill gates is not he at one point not right away but when he sold his carnegie steel corporation to j.p. morgan and then j.p. morgan you know he went and bought the other steel mills all the way up the river and that became us deal which is still around today for for a little bit of time anyway carnegie. nearly four hundred million dollars and at that time one dollar was worth anywhere between twenty five and thirty dollars of our money today so imagine that multiplied and i've heard bill gates say

that what carnegie had back then was more than he could ever imagine and he must have some pretty big imaginations you know i mean and for him to realize that the buying power that he had the guys who built this place were making a dollar a day. so i imagine so people like gates of course will be an influence but it can be part of the ethos of of many of the the great new companies that take companies been dictated by the company good philosophy that's right and you know one of my favorite aspects of this is that he is a boy who got involved with the high tech of the day the telegraph you know it came out in strips and someone would write it out and it was run boy and he was the boy and he ran everywhere and then at one point he thought why do i have to wait for that old guy to write it out and he memorized the sound and he was one of the first to do that and the vice president of the railroad company sold days and thought

that kid is smart i want to go with me and i want him to teach all these boys how to do this because the civil war was going to break. and telegraph was the main means of communication and what was interesting to me i got the actual chill when i saw that in one of the notes at the library of congress that his papers because his beginnings. up the ladder began with sound and he would ultimately fund this building which is known for its sound so. attitudes forged in scotland but basically made in the united states would not occur in terms of the opportunity he was able to create for themselves i mean you could see it in the beginnings there is father was a bit of a rabble rouser you know during the beginnings of the industrial revolution and he was working with the bobbins and they were going to mechanized and he thought there's no future here for me and. there was a relative of his mother's living in pittsburgh and as so many people did my

parents included after the war came to the m eighty you know and. they just happened to take the long way took ten weeks when you think about it it's extraordinary they went across the atlantic. up the hudson river across the erie canal across the great lakes and then down into pittsburgh it's extraordinary when you think about that voyage you know and then what did he do just like his father he started in the bobbin business oil greasy hands he was making a dollar twenty a week you know and then never stopped moving little andy was. ahead of the class everywhere he kept working and working and when he started with the telegraph there was no looking back in fact one of his. supervisors said give me one of your quarters i'll invest it for you and carnegie

rates to his mother i made two cents off the sweat of somebody else's brow and he never looked back. i think obama drew a red line and never fulfilled his his threats i suppose are predictions. on the other hand i also don't support trump president trumps you know you lateral actions either but i'm in favor of multilateral responses not unilateral action we all hope for the syrian people that we can find a good resolution to this in fact we can develop democratic processes in syria and elsewhere in the middle east as well as time goes on.

for men are sitting in a car when the fifth gets shot in the hand. all four have different versions of what happened one of them is on the. that's wrong there's no way he could have done it there's no possible way because they did not shoot around a corner. too much too there was a healthy person and then to plant the seeds and over the books of the european soldier dog. in these. spots i think. you'll think. that i've told.

you so. he told me i mean you sound so seems. to me that. as much to me and. welcome back to the whole new york where i'm speaking to function school me it's the right thing if the rose. started walking. through some of the four became a stock of us and they keep the six and over the last fifty years he has collected over three hundred five pieces of metal to bully a about completely hole from all over the world. showing me some of his prize exhibits well recognized. as an amazing use charlie chaplin of our benefit during the war and then look at this. shot so it's maria collison is carnegie hall debut

in one hundred fifty nine b.c. the ice on the she likes being here last fall she had a look at that it's remarkable the photographer told me there were eight other singers on stage but he couldn't take his eyes off her so he saw still. and looked . this is the way the hall looked when it opened in one thousand nine hundred one look we had front steps. and the street was only one two lanes wide but tell me about the figure i'm not sure you know photography took five minutes you had to stand absolutely still if somebody was walking by it was captured they could go so i could girls sometimes they see that in old photography when sir arthur conan doyle was here for example the had that looks like a ghost look to me that does this is a poster from opening night all right president is no galatians of the music we did i do carnac you see it's not carnegie hall and there's tchaikovsky at the top and

andrews down here pulling him obviously from the design of this hole the holes that this was going to show compass the weight range of ops i mean when you look inside it seats almost three thousand people and then there are two other halls he was thinking of something more than a choir you know and this is this room that we're in from eight hundred ninety eight but listen you've collected a filament a member a billion over the years yes we have when we started thirty two years ago it's hard to believe but there was almost nothing here there were there were some items but thanks to the generosity of thousands of people across the country when they heard we were looking for material they sent it in and people saved programs or posters or ticket stubs or photographs much because now we have about three hundred thousand three hundred thirty i had people levels of public get to see that the

well we are actually. digitizing a lot of it and soon it will be available to the public but for the moment we have a museum here on site which is open every day to the public it's free of charge. and we have about three hundred pieces on display there everything from toscanini's baton to benny goodman clarinet when he was in visiting lists great hole holes really i mean he was as you said built somebody up which put those who didn't understand you it was going to expire and you do seem strange but was he thinking this will bring the culture of this will bring the great stars to the masses or was he thinking religiously to call it a last but of the original this will be what was in these mindfully when he built this the. theater of it and they made the announcement that there was going to be

this cornerstone laying ceremony and carnegie was going to be here with his relatively new wife younger you know and all of musical new york was coming up here and the public came up here first to see where are we and what is he going to do and then he starts off by giving this grand speech and at one point he says it is probable that this hall will intertwine itself with the history of our country and people are thinking wife. and it was remarkable because he could see what was happening in new york he saw that the city was rapidly advancing up fifth avenue and while there were some people saying why has he put that building all the way up there there were others calling their real estate agents saying see if you can find me a piece of land up there real fast and most he saw that this was one of the last

treats before central park cuts the city and people were saying who's going to go all the way up there you know i mean on the east side at this time i think the population was five thousand on the on the west side it was even less because it's hard to imagine now but there were rocks between us and the west side these large problem in tori's of manhattan surest. fitly and lee states that the glee is off the sofa of the day stuff to become big news pretty early on that his vision was suppose coming to pass well i think it started a little bit i mean we started with a bang really because we invited peter tchaikovsky who was the greatest living composer of the day he actually came and conducted six of his different works publicising that was generated by this was brilliant because people came there was a five day music festival and it was sold out we had to thompson housed in dynamo's installed in the basement and on nights when we didn't

have concerts we were selling pot we were selling electrical power to the city of new york just to help finance the building you know but then it started and it started with the polish pianist by the name of petre esky first prime minister of poland and it was actually our location that made us. started our magic it's really a very interesting story and a great. menu and for example the republic commented on the acoustics very especially violent which of legendary the thames of the putin yes in fact i kosky it's really interesting in a little notebook he wrote he bought it says notes for new york number one is it safe to drink the water in america number two do they have russian cigarettes

there are three czech acoustics the new music hall and then he circles them with an exclamation point there good so you don't want history with this this whole how did you stop i started as an usher here in one nine hundred seventy four i wanted to be a conductor and while auditioning. to any music school that would take me. somebody who said oh you have to be an archer a carnegie hall because there are. there are so many different types of concerts you're going to learn a lot of music very quickly and in fact it was brilliant i became an asher went up to the balcony my first week i heard ella fitzgerald in the chicago symphony and they were painting me. and then i became the artist attended backstage where now i had to greet ella fitzgerald that door bring her to the dressing room together to the stage and i did that for about three thousand concerts and give it

could be a memory of one of these great stars who you could you come to the door. the first time that i saw frank sinatra it was a humbling experience because he was. it was a wonderful thing to see him interacting with members of the band and how he knew every note of every work he made it seem so easy you know it was the same way with leonard bernstein didn't look at any of the music and you thought well they must be faking some of it but it was because it was so much a part of their blood and so much a part of their being they just made it look easy you know it was it was a brilliant university for me if i had only known that i was going to become carnegie hall his first historian i would have taken notes back there. because mick make a pretty good boot. it but the last part of his life was basically dedicated to

what a piece that's right and when he went back to school it would be the counted but the skull and effectively run what was left of the bill then for him from skibo castle which in the highlands of scotland i'm a. model. and it won't be a need just this city i'm late to taxis from. cargo with amazing swimming pools and they've started to affect over the clothing heads of you look to conferences and ski people if he was a visiting them to tell the folk good sick of these grand alliances because it's going to end of the capacity that's very in fact he brilliantly started off you know when they called in the press they called it dinosaur diplomacy because in one thousand and four they discovered at the time in wyoming the world's largest dinosaur and carnegie funded it in fact they named it after him it's still called

the duplicate is carnegie today people couldn't believe that it was true that something could be so big and he started to me plaster casts of it and he had one put in steeple and when these crowned heads of europe came they thought what is that so i'll give you one. so he put one in vienna and he put another and belong out and he put another in madrid and in berlin and in scotland thinking that in a very subtle way could start unifying people through education the meetings that he had here for peace and how to have arbitration don't have guns talk it through you know and then he understood as you see from these diaries a war a great war would not be a lately campaign like pushing the flames what it would be a huge industrial conflict rather. of the american civil war which obviously had

lived through this as a young man. and he had that understanding which very very few of those of the code had sold the leaders of the the governments in europe understood his insight must come from the understanding of the great power of industry and not complain when he realized he wouldn't be able to give it all away and he founded the carnegie corporation and put his money there preamble so this thing was it's established for the advancement but the assimilation of knowledge and understanding it was extremely frustrating for him because he could see it and there were others he wasn't alone but he was one of the most vocal imagine giving ten million dollars to build the peace palace in the hague of all places. in the in the netherlands hoping this is where they can settle their differences you know and

he built another one in washington and. it must have been just heart wrenching when he realized. it's not going to work so that the great wall did break the day he foresaw all the calamity and affectively of the the end to a great extent of europeans. supremacy of the world at least on challenge supremacy and commit return most. effectively broke right he almost becomes a wreck loose in a household shadow broke in lennox massachusetts if you stand up there it burned to the ground in one thousand nine hundred fifty seven mrs carnegie sold it to the jesuits who turned it into a school and then mysteriously burned to the ground but if you stand there you can almost see the scottish highlands in the berkshires he realised this was

going to be this last view of him before he died and his own assessment of office office life as allah and the understanding of the only sort of last messages to be viewed the extraordinary contribution he made or was it that he dies obviously had heart broken about the war but was he dissatisfied with before he'd managed to do i'm not sure anyone of that caliber is ever satisfied. so he's more can do better always i used to see that back stage all the time can't imagine carnegie not being any last to no that's been fabulous thank you for having you but before you go i have studied committee in the and whisky but i'm sure he would have approved of the quick in terms of the concept of the loving cup so you know the drill i do whiskey in the car. from the scottish highlands and i fact we just katherine just brought me back so well in that case you've got the whisky and though you have the thing that is so much this is perfect it's wonderful thank you very much thank you for

the thank you pleasure. from complete you hold to the streets of new york next week in the second part of the show. got for the malaka look at this year's biggest celebration and i speak with a model of the straw falling in. the making. from the pope to the life of the big guy make sure you join us then it's like with.

the prince the money and then the pentagon blows it up in various countries around the world are sends us soldiers out there to get maimed and blown up you don't die for your country to protect democracy you die in america to stop inflation that's what the soldiers out there are dying for missions replace the american flag upside down dollar sign or something. the philippine city of angeles when the us military moved out the six tourists moved in. and now a whole generation of fatherless children is growing up here. my dad.

gen-y. you. know your. son. isn't the first time the t.v. crew you see you and takes you were no. answer is known that now. and that if hillary. gets it better you what my god if. you can take the gilet above it just can't take the burden of guilt us no woman you know. oh i love. you if you.

loose the city of luxury and fame but also an alarming number of people living in the streets. the simple fact in l.a. is there's just not enough shelter even if people on the streets right now decided to come in there's no where to come in it's been a struggle. this man from his own response to the problem and constructed dozens of tiny homes for people in need of shelter when you have nothing in order to go. you know having something like this may as well be a castle but do the authorities accept such solution trainee house on a city parking space is not a solution your craft someone monitoring the site otherwise it will be a free for all there are

a better alternative to end the homelessness crisis. the headlines for this hour an international a russian t.v. channel claims this interview to syria and voice seen in full reportedly showing the op the mouth of a chemical child and his father give their account of how events unfolded in june day. the u.k. and russia trade fresh exchanges at the u.n. over the. case london admits neither it nor the international chemical was. the origin of the know it used to be a time. and a new trend among refugees in germany migrants are increasingly claiming to be terrorists so there are no void deportation back to their home countries.