acis and the direction was. essentially turning their original into the mainstream is that still the case so there are multiple processes going on right if you look at for all of artificial intelligence for example in contemporary digital culture search engines recommendation systems you know which is building became very thick for those it's very easy to assume with this is going to lead to less cultural diversity but also mechanisms which perhaps can make it more they were resample spotify rights were largest music's the services as yet it is the study of where we showed with every month the number of different music artists we wish isn't isn't in to is increasing by a few percent right so so it's possible but which is knowledge is what we're going to meet a world more diverse illis there were some same time. that's an interesting and somewhat paradoxical statement but if you took the most popular apps i assume that they're still playing by the numbers rather than the quality of the content so

don't just think about focus on the numbers the numbers of likes the number of let's say promotions don't just think that it's going to be a driving in the overall direction towards something less original of rather than more original you know we'll hold these unlikely just cultural if you slip eleven years ago as i said that's exactly the kind of questions we like to talk about and often the difference and sometimes our visions too are to be wrong so ideally i would like to study with would like to measure it of course how do you measure traits you each year it was billions of images of billions of video with a very hard question so only too much of a level i think to give you but ideally i would like to check that i heard you say that your work involves a lot of steer a tie busting what are some of the. most memorable stereotypes that in your work managed to defy even one the most interesting discovery or our maybe new

a function which our quantitative database studies lead to is besides year words we still tend to think about culturally with this compare precautious the ripple culture in terms of periods which is a separate category as a cultural someplace regressive the cultural more school impressionism versus solo or it's ever started lots of cultural artifacts millions and millions and using scientific methods to fall but in fact what turns out is the continuing the things out of similarity as opposed to difference so while for example it's been said one bloke was customary you why you get into p.a.'s base the received no in europe in paris and are in fact results of continuities between his art so this idea with culture is more about continue it it's about small but you did have differences or all with huge qualitative boxes the way you would tell it to the thing from later

century which of course it was then you have not always that had been sad one goethe are but also billions of images on instagram and someone said that this is something extremely trivial why would anyone concern himself with that people taking pictures of themselves what can you extrapolate from. that about human behavior in general. first thing i want to say so we look at bus fifty million stick them images what isn't to look at two hundred seventy million images shared on twitter account for for years we also look at the deed in the arts which is the largest online of the archive a network full of professional art and love of how those words will help people instagram is whether it's all unselfishness with solid pictures of stars and celebrities the reality each of us social networks offers is everything you'll find everything you'll find in you at the p.r. plus more so what's the soy is incredible as you are incredible universe of human

creativity right if the styles but i do experiments was up we came across some fifteen year old high school students iberia who said guys for the last three weeks i was experimenting with adding one pixel white line who bore them a fourth us how do you like it so this idea that it's all trivial is exactly one which was rationed once we started looking at data but in practical terms i know that they also have a degree in experimental psychology do you think that's kind of knowledge as anything to do with their more of our knowledge about something i think it does and i came to mean for me personally right the best thing about this availability of big data the study of society humans and culture is vet who today we can observe what rights of human behavior it was hundred fifty occultists in billions of people so to me it. reserve potential right to create a new kind of science of society in humans which will not generalizable same level

which will recognize what i mean be fossils of human which rationed sort of houses of quite a few groups not only five and ten but the way we can do it in practice you know it's a big question because a whole society a whole new research is still very much design business essential way relates to you know as you were five which you aisha's you resort to types of societal swore so this idea that because studies humans were biologists that ability of the world were really cognize hundred million different species to some extent and when i was thinking about it about it it struck me that researchers could never fully access that thick layer of human culture if here and now starting it's almost similar to human hearing which is limited at certain frequencies and human academic a past and analyzing capacity was also as you said limited to a fairly small sample size is now e.u. big you take a much bigger i think one of us that is involved over

a billion they'd a points right well with two hundred seventy million images well that's still a totally different shape she was ever actually that we've got to go on society after a second because the demand from twitter and twitter said ok guys what do you want to see the world every image which you showed to twitter location until the time was a bit about you how many would have because we have no time to call but here eventually out of was about two hundred seventy million over a few years so that's quite a lot but that's in any case a fundamentally different vantage point does it offer anything special in terms of . being a research method as a recession rather is it in any way doesn't give you an venues for something something new i think of the us so first of all right before is yourself you know if you making any kind of study of society or culture typically it's local it's like used sits them in separate you which is the world's. all eyes and what you see is what you should when ice says no it doesn't cost any more because they did local

rights oprah's up like an election cycle image has been shared around you know obviously occasional ransom police work you know just a bit of effort i can collect you know a few extra thousands of locations and i think the me it's very important because of being sick i'm a comparative i was a more democratic point of view because realized that no particular place is unique in that if you miss mocha comparative more global point of view is one which is appropriate also thaw historical periods i think what's interesting about it is that it's both global and local at the same time and what i wanted to are asking is how much cultural rary plays into big data things you know to be true about the americans and the chinese how much do they relate to the russians or let's say the president hands i do question about self esteem as maybe it would example writes in the surface of the project which we created in two thousand and twelve was published that wasn't first you recollect you're going to few thousand selfless from your five five cities around the world in the use of computer vision software

to measure you know we had the size of a hair the real people are looking you know i was smiling we're emotions etc which are followed with a bit of variation for example in the proportion of self has been sure between female male. if anyplace all places male if you males are showing more selfish some men are some how are shy but the biggest number was in russia it was actual most five times more female sophos from manila versus a million in europe there's only one point wife's even in the level of self is found lots and lots of variation why it is you know by study doesn't us or a study kind of finds an effect which now we have to explain circa gives us new puzzles does it have any intonations about that because you do have a plethora in both societies yes i don't spend enough time with a russian writes in of identity in the russian minister would be for mystery to me . but i think one theme has been though with russia it's a very visual culture and it's very fashionable so it's culture and to me russia

reminds me a lot of asia rock self-pity in mr graham it's completely part of everyday life in a way in a most wrong way with results in the west's. one other findings to come out from that instagram study that is. do you differ is that people taking selfies in moscow . at least and somebody who spent most of your lifetime now in the united states i'm sure you are familiar with a pan am smile and how infectious it is how it's pravda around the world why do you think the russians us so slow and picking up that kind of smile as opposed to let's say the technology is the fashion trends and everything else. so you know i was also a bit puzzled by this why i didn't because for a while i thought maybe it's befalls of a software or you know because i'm a software uses machine or new uses neural net they thought maybe it was on the internet and la is just right california smile or they start with that every interaction with more every fiber i wish him into airports i don't see a single smiling person right now at

a lot of rational friends people i think of it in the music was probably where there is a certain kind of greyness right in the every day for the official culture which i think still persists maybe because it's called maybe because it's a baby country you know it's so interesting question but definitely you know because i think the difference which is objective i feel it's worth saying if you don't think it's about how the software codes that it's actually about the russian people and being more cranky if you use your slogan so it's look at we're more grumpy right you know every move every warmest you know people and we can be optimistically digital but it's time to i want to much at first i think it's also just more of the way people carry themselves like you know if you noticed right so you know i mean if it was small talk should people actually not used the word to be peanuts goes to range so what a different scene a serious. change you know differences behavior in their fight or to be bored because we like now in the third decade a little bit is ations you would think with every where people behave the same

because we using the same software are using the same services in the real dream in the world to believe but if you have each year i think the local culture still bistro we people behave it's abuse group even versus most for recess you know bunghole used to be different documentaries for have to take a very short break now but we'll be back in just a few moments stay tuned. since it was too late for. my little course on the syria. rolls can you say of course a business with a must so it will. show

up on the shelf us out all the time i am. ok see that because knowing that nobody else to look at them out on the funniest diplo is most home from the show such as the flu it's almost. neutral and you must. move. i don't think the democrats are much closer to negotiate with the republicans or president so i think people are going to have to acknowledge that the united states over the next couple years is going to be consumed even more so by our internal our

turtle bickering in affairs and. fracking gave americans a lot of job opportunities i needed to come up here to make some money i could make twenty five thousand dollars as a teacher or i could make fifty thousand dollars a year drove a truck so i chose to drive truck people who rushed to a small town in north dakota was an unemployment rate of zero percent like gold rush is very very similar to. this. beautiful story ended with pollution and devastation a lot of people have left here i don't know too many people here and just slowed down so much they lost their jobs that laid off the american dream is changing that's not what it used to be. it's a tough reality to deal. with

them back to worlds apart with a professor of computer science of the city university of new york the woman who has just before the break we started talking about cultural and national differences and relations are big data and it's no longer a and a preoccupation of only social or a computer scientists many governments see big data and artificial intelligence as a new frontier in their geopolitical rivalry you may have heard that the president of this country mr putin said that whoever lost serious artificial intelligence will rule the world do you agree with that so you know as a student of just gorgeous she sort of just i see

a bit of the public obsession if i can say right certain it's a logical developments it comes in waves was up today people are really into. your church ginny are exactly was if you will step in you in the aegis of who is for example who also social supercomputers who was busy initial it will live between us and japan and before that there was also a similar obsession about television and war and also read nuclear arms rights. as a right because we are of has been so hyped so much you know every company has to say would be using you know if it got this if we do a lot so about the same pie what is different is something real well. but i think about it i think about more that as a continuous development as opposed to radical shift because basically. it's sort of extension of statistics. is about measurements of paper because measure you nominate in so many different our fields for example to measure when people hold the museum we will have and it's just that just because the logic of measurement of to musician which is spreading itself into so many different areas in the same

thought that i think with ai is that one simple thing which is going to me to social not no i don't think so. you also hear people talk about. what computers can do that so many brain isn't capable of is it also true why it's worse is that is there something that only human brain can do that computer is will never be capable of. i can if you look at work on the specialist into besides in the eye i'm not by the way i'm professor of computer science amateur artist i was writing teaching digital art all my life but if you look at experts people say with this huge progress in the eye which media talks about reality is a progress only if you limited it is so in my talk which i'll do is immune hermitage i'm going to make a joke i will take two photographs of me which were taken with a few months ago were like five seconds of each hour i'm going to submit them to one of our computer vision services from microsoft amazon and you'll see how the

software is going to predict with my age in there with my a few stitches very different that i did it you know a few days ago was office so that's what you since no one saw them fifty five one so then his particular one so the asian serial it's year systems are still missing so many mistakes so we definitely be very far from the level of going to human thinking human precision so don't worry robots are no good to over load probably take over your job now and here you said yourself there is some potential there and i wonder how far will it go digital technologies and social media allow many individuals to if not redesign their lives at least to re-imagine them does it also work on national levels do you think countries may think about that perennial problems and. hopefully overcome that when the help of certain technology i think that it's probably easier to do it for

a smaller compass in the future good example would be really pleased to succeed particularly the store new which is recognized as a world leader in integration of digital technology what you will for example if you ask me my real countries if you was with them a few lindt which i would they said they're going to publish everybody talks a georgia line but then you go to places store near and what you see is the computer science fiction we also people trust to data through a government i think it's a bit hard to write to be the countries. with talk to be the but before into your. was a huge difference for example write it in russia. and how digital technologies is used her use by government how we use babies in this is how we use baby people so differently if there is a will resolve we. let's take russia for example because you have this country oh a long time ago you might hear now more often and it's interesting and paradoxical to some extent case because we have a still a fair way back or it's additional economy of

a threat tape corruption all the other ails but when it comes to online economy it's actually pretty vibrant and i would have been say innovative in a certain services in russia much better than in many european countries. certain government services for example online a much better than line. am i being too hopeful here or is it something that can at least not just the country in a in the red direction no i assure you of to me as i'm invested was startin about three hundred years ago i'm no coming to russia every to the to russia and especially younger people which inspires me a few reasons with this refute what i mean occurrence. we sisterly has been a continuous in the media well as big war was hundred years ago so first why are you i told you before interviewer confined by us to colleagues ability believe with reading newspapers new york times. because in the way we have no reason not to believe that this was

a crushing also chugger been for incredible intellectual coloe bickel political psychological break if a few years ago that when it created something were always to fusions people invest it in the southerly dissolved right and i think it allows certain people within the peasantry so reason to come to russia reasoned so inspired your every time and you will let your special place as a cousin. from a center result us want to question us which are my best question is to get us to a life respond to supply or will you lectures they will be prestigious best in places like the rest of them or a lab in the first year i can come to predict every question you ask because everybody went to the same programs everybody read the same textbooks so the way you know people are smart but the awfully big limits of the religion nation risks your you know people were not told this is how you should speak so sometimes must be better questions are posed as best questions so essentially like the way it was going to destruction in the past redux to kill out bridges i think often when you

present culture let me also ask you a question about china because it's a very big player in the field of went to as a special intelligence and if you remember back in soviet times the propensity of a state towards centralization was thought of as a major impediment to progress it made decisions much slower it was a major burden on the way to official sea but i think china may be turning it on its had now because there are many studies now are suggesting that this gun satoris centralization allows chinese companies to progress much faster when it comes to big data an artificial intelligence because they keep that all that data in. big centralized legs that concern for privacy is much much smaller. do you think there is any cultural advantages to you in development or disadvantages to development of official intelligence so just as are you often go to russia and feel that inspired

a heresy shouldn't china over there i'm sure a national interest the second century. and unfortunately i think it's not so easy to have easy spawn nations which will connect countrysides a joke if you break a lovely performance let's say look at a few countries whichever is which will come centralize right the france russia china religiously results writes of france is going to be backward to the logically sometimes we us he was most presidential please europe not the world i mean russia's or his very advanced services you know. until we're friends i'm going to russia will have fessed into that my form because new york it's very slow and we have china. i think with the c. israel that we're all central government in china right china to create huge infrastructure projects which no other country can do so i think that. differently not only small businesses but the government to put your wants can use technologies

to reinvent themselves but at least to progress economically very quickly i also heard you say it's no longer about creating artificial intelligence as much as controlling and limited eliminating its application and traditional. they intimate of the government and government governments do regulation the dissing it when it comes to modern technology governments have both they had technological and the intellectual capacity to do that. you know i mean so out with conservative but seeing would happen like in the last presidential elections not only in years but also brags that there were in the way companies like ambition of the jukka and in fact played a bigger role by following millions of users and showing them on the particle advertising which was very profiles the way it probably did contributed to were outcome of elections it's really big shift so a shift in credit you know we'll see something very conservative in governments

perhaps have to think about ways to recreate this and i think europe is a leader. and also i will say something more article i saw today when people talk about it's official intelligence what they really mean is neural networks write your daemon that's worked or do some people across your writings and most often we don't know how to work on rights of grief is that walks us into the use of the boxes because we're more efficient so i actually feel great but i don't exactly perhaps our our government should kind of what i call outlaw this because maybe it's better to have software which is less efficient but which is more transparent so if i put our society has adopted this network which creates this big box us where we don't know what we do you know it's a it's maybe not such a cool stream do you mention cameras now and again let me ask you perhaps then the final question is there are people who. a very negative about congress analytical usually they are action and don't trump usually presumed that that was some malicious influence and people made an irrational choice as much as we may dislike

mr trump on a personal level defend his election election was really. such an irrational choice given what's been happening in the united states over the last couple of decades or so few but it was for us first of all if you look at the medical actions for many years relatively every time it's like fifty fifty the second thing is i think in my own guesses about yes it was companies play the role but with a much it trump is a master trauma because his own t.v. show there if you hear the words exactly message which americans live in the suburbs which are seeing with american the nation's coming their way and we're seeing immigrants coming and said work your harlot it's your job he was this message sir so i would say probably he would win in the world community he was. the first to our harness the power of social media i mean having arguing about my thoughts and then the little moment of us an ape so fascinate of ability i knew it

was so many of us and two of him around a father of two republican said well it actually is the same to clergy you know anything about what i want to say but commercially to go it was all reported in media if it was not so correct because what timothy what we do is what millions were files and sold but they should agencies do every day be just what the genius was to build a system which was able to scale. to let millions of people who will acknowledge the rights of a genius was infrastructural genius which if such were used is used every day to show ads so the way it was nothing radical about it if it actually was true scaly it's exactly was it being is because of consumer logic which drives internet i have to ask you about what a thing about the claims are for russian interference there thing russia has enough capacity to influence the american political decision making on such a scale. you know one thing about politics right and contemporary world i think whenever we would never never know exactly what happened and with the thought of the world before mr chips or mr stoddard was this you know one bad guy you can deal

with happen right today. it's possible right focus on three students mr chivery and it's very hard to say that for example him attempt to have more transparency facebook started the project really basically made archive of the millions and millions of political and also shortall edits seleucus archive out with a series a high four million ads and was some ad by some progress of group maybe you know for abortion against abortion and each other sean for two days so it's very hard to know is what you want and maybe what's also other effects of this kind of online for mutation ripping whence we exposed to millions of messages each message may be shown for a few seconds. it would be nice to know but maybe it will go well perhaps we can discuss that in here in a couple of years but for now we have to live there thank you very much for sharing your insights into so much encourage our mirrors to keep this conversation going in

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international the last seven days as reported by us may's ministerial on the british prime minister. in a week of resignations recriminations and second. piece to consider the national interest and get it back to the withdrawal agreements represents a huge and damaging five year deal that is already dead in the water also the news this past week newly declassified documents reveal that the cia experimented with so-called truth serum on.