as in. more than terms like our current happy each day. eighty five percent of global wealth you want to be all for rich eight point six percent market saw a thirty percent rise last year some with four hundred to five hundred three per second per second and that one rose to twenty thousand dollars. china is building a two point one billion dollar a our industrial park but don't let the numbers overwhelm. the only numbers you need remember it was the one person show you can't afford to miss the one and only film but. the worst drug disaster in history would spread through more than forty six countries and produce up to twenty thousand badly deformed babies worldwide.

but historians today single out one birth in one nine hundred sixty one that changed the course of history in hamburg germany linda shoulder fillin age twenty three gave birth to her first child her husband wasn't with a good time and it was a quiet day out. and then i lay back and was relaxed and some of the somebody whispered into my ear is your husband not all right but i was he a white awake and i said. what's got what has happened to my baby is anything vall you know she said just. let's say. without any emotion oh yeah he's just cut short arms and i like a child would have asked possibly i said and i'll take owing any more and shit scott grow this would be like it to snow. and then. i felt like i was

beaten to death. a doctor gave the first time mother some friendly advice just get another child. like forget about him you know. i'm away to get to. shortly afterwards linda's husband arrived and gave her some bad news he'd been keeping from her six weeks earlier his sister had given birth to a baby with similar deformities it looks alike like our child there must be something that is the same all region the same difficulty the same problem in the background and we'll find it and we'll search and we won't stop until we fall and. the epidemic of deformed babies began five and a half years earlier on christmas day nine hundred fifty six with the birth of the

first victim. in a small town of germany a mother had taken a new drug called falutin mite being developed by a local drug company can be grown into her husband like other grown and talent boys had taken home a sample which he gave to his pregnant wife the baby would be the first of six rather than my babies possibly more born to grin and thousand workers in the years ahead but the company ignored the early warning signals in their midst know that spirit grid cells when action didn't investigate didn't talk to the mom didn't go to the hospital didn't look the medical records didn't contact experts there were multiple opportunities for group told to cup holds us to short knowledge with second. nine months after the first deformed baby was born grown and launched the little abide under the german market under the brand name country gun good in thousand aggressive sales force whose motto was succeed at any cost continue to

promote the drug cardigan they claimed was a safe sedative especially for pregnant women suffering from morning sickness sales zoomed and so little my became a second best selling drug next to aspirin. but linda's shoulder helen and her husband carl hammond were determined to find out what caused their son's short arms months later they were no closer to finding an answer i know my husband had times when he said we don't make it i think we have to get up and i said giving up. her husband soon contacted a professor of obstetrics dr video kinda lens who had received a few reports of deformed babies my father and professor lance they travel to germany and their road folks bargain and they went from one small village to another and asked are there any children with short legs or shot. and those kids were hidden away at the time in the small villages and he asked in restaurants and

bars and the local police office and everybody said no not in our town and then he showed a picture of me and said this is my bari and can i please repeat my question and then they said well at the end of the road there has been a very sad incident and then he went there and drink the darn showed first thing he did was showing the picture of means that this is my son do yours have a kid like this and the people burst into tears and and children and in my children's were. called to the day our flight literally. in england was being sold under the brand name distal by the country's largest look i'm a. new factor of the distillers company as in germany distillers had received reports of deformed babies but had been assured by green and that the drug was completely safe. louise mason was one of five hundred thirty three little my babies born in

england over a six and a half year period the weser only learned about the circumstances of her birth by reading her father's bestselling autobiography i haven't got any arms. and my dad said it was like a little flower buds. in both from my arms and from my lips my dad had a look at me. and. he said my god you're not going to let this baby live. and they said yes my mom was only twenty one and she was advised by doctors to put me away and concentrate on having another family. after eleven days in hospital her parents took louise to an institution for handicapped children where she would spend the next eighteen years of her life but louise was fortunate her father had not asked

another doctor to end her life because i'm questionable. midwives and doctors were killing disabled children. in the hospitals and the delivery rooms on a large scale in britain. in germany. and if they're probably everywhere else. in canada another armless baby was spared by a poor ukrainian family in a rural cisco. years later alvin law learned how horrified his natural parents were when he was born ultimately it was the perturb grandmother who didn't want to have anything to do with us she said you're not going to bring that devil baby home with you ease he's deformed because of a curse. the arm has baby wasn't taken home after doctors warned he would never

lead a normal life but after six weeks an elderly couple jack and hilda law who had already raised their own children volunteered as foster parents and got their first look at alan i took one look and i thought no wonder nobody wants. and the next i went simplicity had a bath and dressed and hid and looked perfectly. well although in favor of taking him oh boy. but. it was a baby with nobody wanted i'm sure we're going to. turn out ok. my life story shifted the moment that sophie and peter my first father gave me up. that that that is a profound chapter shift in my life because i went to live with the laws my life became this life.

back. in cincinnati ohio and deeply religious roman catholic couple with six children were expecting another normal birth my mother's story is that when i was born they were not at all prepared and the doctor said joy your baby. doesn't have any legs. so she says that she took the baby me and she said well eileen is my four leaf clover. i have a sibling who told me that my father cried and that when he came home he handed me to my siblings and everyone got very upset and they said take it away. someone ripped off the

blankets and said that's not a baby or something to that effect that's not our sister. that was what i was taught. as a young child. people. eileen cronan was one of several follow the my babies born in cincinnati where an american drug company richardson merrill had their headquarters like the german drug company merrill promoted the drug as completely safe even during pregnancy like green and merrill had no evidence to back this up merrill applied to the federal drug administration in one nine hundred sixty for approval to brings a little mite onto the american market and was allowed to conduct clinical trials on patients across the country now wasn't really a clinical trial at all what it was was a marketing campaign trumped up to look like a clinical trial michael mann isn't it is an australian lawyer and former

investigative reporter who spent years researching this a lot of my disaster what merrill wanted to do was to familiarize doctors with a drug so that once they got approval they would have doctors all ready to go through all of the drugs ready to prescribe it like crazy. during this time richardson merrill handed out two and a half million dollars to my pills to thousands of doctors in the united states in canada. in germany going thousand advertising campaign is paying huge dividends the company's owner and executives were making fortunes overnight especially heinrich mukhtar going in thousand research director. during the war mokhtar served as a nasty doctor developing vaccines which were tested on jewish prisoners in the book and vowed concentration camps many of whom died after the war mokhtar joined grin and nine years later he invented to live in mine and received a bonus for every thought in my pills sold worldwide the drug was such

a success for growing them. that i started making money hand over fist. it was all a percentage of profit. from modestly are. having so much money pouring in he could've bought himself a new mercedes every month bond sixty one really he's making twenty times his salary in terms of a percentage so he's getting this massive massive bonus he's become a ludicrously rich man on the back of the mod. what would a man want that with a history of wartime experimentation strong personality a massive income running on the selves of what would one expect that he would do when confronted with reports of nerve damage and other side effects but it is not surprising to me that there was not a rush to investigate to get to the bottom of it to put warnings on the tribe to withdraw to take all sorts of course and so did not just focused on selling more the drugs and it really was some time tell the press caught hold of it. and they

knew it was going to go public but they finally backed off and agreed. survival guide stated you're going to start. repatriation work at their after seven years. deliver a large kaiser or. so you will be in luck that is your last yes does. it with the people most of or not all what i mean.

i think i can make it. through. really a local issue going from him he can use he has enough to buy if. you're in the form of the media. almost humour's with the baby one was in the mud almost nothing even many balls up in the phone while in the most they will start to feel. their breath for a single purpose. they have a superman. they start training very young.

eight months of intensive schooling. in. their rats. and they save lives. on november twenty eighth one nine hundred sixty one a day after the thalidomide scandal made headlines in west germany. it was withdrawing the drug from the market even if as late as the spring of nineteen sixty one they had taken the drug off the market then they are. i would have spared half the boat. meiklejohn glazzard his disability weren't so severe but as a young child niko had trouble adjusting to his short arms. and his findings angsty his continued future violent aunt is competent also if you notice he's feeling the

fire and then vanish from purely some of the most at some point and then cops saw him fall off the conneaut. one survivor who is a fearless eyes to underpin dolphin bomb took it on and off our farm. on. down from . our boy survived you know at least globish ninety four years. all not. born. all. the way. in england louise mason didn't see her parents and three siblings for months at a time. i was let alone most of the time my parents had other children there's no way that they could leave them with my nan it was my crime i was old so they

just stopped coming. i went home three weeks. for week by week in the summer christmas easter. every quality was like getting to know your sisters again. in new york chances catch you and alvin law's parents decided the best way to get their arm a son to cope with life was to turn his tones into fingers for hours album was given manual task to perform with his feet. now granted having no arms it is a rather simple disability it's a very complicated disability and i'd be lying if i didn't say it was a lot of work a lot of work a lot of time spent by myself very long very. very frustrated but i think it was the character that was built by my parents especially by my parents. that allowed

me to not really think that i was all that different. it's not an easy thing to get dressed but. again it goes back to the basic theory of my life and that is to i have someone look after me or do i look after myself. but more than anything i think it's a mindset you know that ok there's a lot of people in our world that have weighed bigger problems than i have so that i have to spend a little extra effort putting my clothes on so what. at the moment i started using my tolls and my feet and my legs was the same moment i ceased to have a disability. in the united states there would have been found a lot of my babies like ellen law except for the actions of one woman dr francis

kelsey a canadian born doctor and pharmacologist had just joined the federal drug administration when she received an application to bring thalidomide onto the american market here was a drug that looked like it should be no problem but at the same time there was just a feeling to do something in the leader of the absence of the. cause of concern the application came from richardson merrill one of america's oldest drug companies known years ago for its best selling product vix cough drops merrill poured on the pressure they contacted the f.d.a. fifty times they went behind her back to those periods they complained about her and rushing the threaten the proceedings they pushed and pushed and pushed and she was resolute she was unbelievably tough. but i know that we're all at most indebted to dr kelsey the relationship in the hope that all of us have for our children in august one thousand sixty two. and john f.

kennedy awarded the highest civilian honor an american can receive to dr francis kelsey so kill sea really. for the mother because. i come home from the playground one day my mom says honey good news you're going to get arms dear i mean you just remember a day like that right i thought we were going shopping you know arms or us i don't know. i was very confused they had hooks and they were made of metal and plastic and wood i mean i couldn't take off my shoes i wasn't allowed to use my feet can imagine how weird that was. so this became an interesting life half of my life was being elven law the kid with no arms the other half of my life was this terrible victim of the little guy. i lost my sense of what was right stick these arms around me on my own body more all the models and how many are artificial or not. and why

why why would i leave them when there was no good reason not one good reason. to use them for years i tol away you are doing me any good. and i was like shut off. i was a blunt it was you know we know what we're doing you doth. most the other miners don't use artificial limbs today but eileen cronan is an exception she wears artificial legs every day to get around. i was born with both legs from the knees down according to my mother i did it down to the legs pretty quickly. and if you have. artificial legs a lot of things go wrong you've got to go around conducting your life and yeah you know you've got a skin infection and you've got to play your leg on when he couldn't do me i put

the leg on i guess that's not always the best thing to do but. that's what i do. in margin nine hundred sixty seven the owner and eight executives of growth all the german drug company were charged with criminal negligence premeditated bodily harm and manslaughter. among the defendants was heinrich mokhtar the natty doctor who made a fortune inventing fellow to mind. another chop green and it was amorous and natty war criminal known as the devil's. chemist ambrose was convicted of war crimes he committed at auschwitz for which he served four years in prison but after the war the chemist found no shortage of employers including dow chemical j. peter grace and the u.s. army's chemical corps before he became chairman of green and sells board of directors in one thousand nine hundred nineteen seventies croteau had as the chair

of a man convicted of mesmo the slavery. man who hired nancy war criminals like ambrose and was owner. verts was a member of the local nattie party in his hometown before the second world war a service for which he was handsomely rewarded by it like you said it was the personal lawyer for a good one thousand or herrmann verts but in december nine hundred sixty six noyes berger resigned suddenly became justice minister in the province where the trial was being held. defense lawyer. ended up with a government responsibility overseeing the conduct of the trial. away from the trial a secret deal was worked out between granting thousand herrmann birds and the provincial government the secret deal was only revealed when the trial was

dramatically stopped after two and a half years. in return for having all the serious criminal charges against its owner and executives dropped the company agreed to pay the victims lifetime pensions ranging from thirty to one hundred forty dollars a month as well as a small one time payment but in order to collect the money the little mite has had to agree not to launch any further suit against her and so taken as a whole the trial was. the trial of until. well canada loudly celebrated its one. hundredth birthday and nine hundred sixty seven peace and maybe my family's suffered in silence a few parents had committed suicide others became alcoholics and some were having severe psychiatric. that's a little my children were now school age but the question that plagued medical and educational authorities was what type of school should they enter some experts

recommended schools for the handicapped while others advise the regular education system. in new york since the scatman alvin law's parents had run into opposition from the local grade school when they tried to enroll him school says wait he's got no arms he can't go to school they don't have such a thing as integration and our going what's integration he's a kid in instability go to school he needs to learn and it's to be educated he can write he can read what else do you need this school finally agreed to take out that but soon afterwards he ran into a reaction his teachers expected and feared i came home and i was very upset because somebody had called me. i had never heard that word before it was never used in this house. it was never used in this neighborhood but i go to school there was new kids call me so i had to run home and i was a little freaked out mom called me down and that's when our first remember hearing those words that some people are born with black hair and some people are born with blond hair and you we're born. in england one hundred ninety seven families of the

lady my children are suing distillers the british company which had distributed the drug distillers made a ridiculously low offer of compensation and warned that the money would be paid out only if all parents agreed to the lifetime the five families refused the offer they were led by david mason a wealthy london art dealer and father of louise now i came under tremendous pressure i received threats on my life i had a police guard for a period of time i had anonymous phone calls i had anonymous letter. you know threats from parents her father as well publicised opposition to the compensation created problems for louise and her care institution up until then i was not one of the crowd but often. i was picked on. louise escaped the hostility of our classmates when her father took her out to participate in publicized events for his campaign i was used as

a as opposed to go. david mason's campaign succeeded in increasing by six times the drug company's original offer to the parents i did pay a heavy pot. shots. if i hadn't paid that price facility my daughters wouldn't have got the compensation when they got the compensation so i think it was worth. unlike louise mason who rarely saw her mother during childhood yann shell to hell and formed a close bond with his mother from birth and her unwavering support and encouragement were critical in his career decision she never lost hope she'll she said cure everything you want to achieve in your life you're going to achieve it i have absolutely no doubt and when i when i turned up with it with the idea that. that i wanted to be a doctor everybody told me you should not it's not a very good idea you cannot do that you will have severe problems she said son do

your own thing if that's what you want to do you're going to match yon is now an emergency room doctor in switzerland i don't consider my condition as a major issue i mean i'm not a little martin for a spot on the first but i'm a man i'm trying to be a good doctor and trying to be a good husband and i'm a father i'm a lover and i have short arms and that's it and and if people have problems it's accepting me are i have problems to interact with me because i have short arms it's their problem it's not mine. and when else seems wrong why don't we just don't all. i mean the world to get to shape out these days to come out to it and engage with

equals betrayal. when so many find themselves worlds apart we choose to look for common ground. u.s. veterans who come back from war often tell the same stories. were going after the people who were killing civilians they were not interested in the wellbeing of their own soldiers either there already is several generations of them so i just got this memo. that says we're going to destroy the government in seven countries in five years americans pay for the wars with their money other's lives if we were willing to go into harm's way and willing to risk being killed for a war surely we can risk some discomfort for easiness

for. the death toll from the collapse tower block in the russian city of magnet of course rises to thirty seven. still missing. taiwan accuses china of interfering after president xi warns he will use all necessary means to ensure reunification. complaints over dirty parks and failure to collect rubbish grow as the u.s. government's partial shutdown enters a twelve day the shutdown response when democrats stalled over a key donald trump campaign pledge to build a wall on the border with mexico. my colleague where we say she will be in the studio next hour for full news up ses the stay with us because cross talk is straight ahead.