i want the. headlines. divided his ministers to. attack by migrants. they have to go back to. rehab for. the search and rescue operation comes to an end following the collapse in the russian city of magnitogorsk to the body of the final victim in a tragedy which killed nine. friends. warning for the first time in sixteen years. trade with china.

follow us on twitter. to stay up to speed with the latest news next interviews with some of the world's most uniquely interesting people safe. when war turns. work of those in the shadows were bringing in the pieces together is often ignored and officials take the credit but not today i talked to french businessmen. and saving lives and the conflict. if you x. . today. with international

mediation. diplomats failed to in conflict come into play quietly as private citizens. mistrust blood feuds patiently bringing warring parties to the table. diplomacy work will. give. the people. the promise of nobel peace prize. and how do they get the job done. thank you very much for being with us today thank you for everything. to be in such an interesting profession i want to know all about it so you are a noted negotiator lots of success stories in africa i know that you're now trying to get sites in libya to sit down and talk i mean in a way you're more successful than united nations at least you're getting these guys to sit down and talk. as

you would need united nations but also somewhere somehow i needed those. two forces which. so you are right now talking about putting down the barriers of mistrust in libya but those barriers are were actually put up way before you and for the reasons that are beyond you what makes you think that an outsider can bring them down. over the country and i goes across. and bed also so he spect was a tradition and always a completely leaves and. going to one. while all institutions are fighting where all countries are fighting over libya why

not giving really begin to proceed to have to exist as a voice and to jointly express what they would like to do is a home country he's my aim is not to make peace east to create. the fundamentals to create woods for. peace this is what i'm trying to say what kind of africa do you have to make to actually bring these people together in the same room bust testes always some big word yes he said he went but it's essentials what they have done for libya for example is a following i think a tie to look i've done to five. is a general scope of politically. two extremes of the scope and i thought i found bishop sally who was aids and very close to.

their feet and a large ability of belhaj was formed it was thought but to fight it has got to fit him since he is the age of seventy so yeah and those are the two weeks or so as is the one who uses it will never talk together because . one accusing the other of. the worst sinks and. so i put them together how how by convincing them that their meeting will be not to discuss. the past and what these won't but to see what they have in common. what do you want for in common what is it won't of course versions as far as the v.a.'s go. is concerned and the knowing is a point of the. point where they don't like anyone and it happened. of course their way except by his own people or as

a people of the follow else how can you meet the man how can you see to. be sure sunday but homes that meeting zachary on very simple principle about the future of libya. is a visa to should be one country should be a civilian government should be an army will respond to civilian government so this should be an independent judiciary because this is something that's what i'm saying like this is something that international diplomats have been trying to do forever and you're just saying you know i convinced both sides that they shouldn't talk about the past just talk about the future and a common goal of libya this is a very simple straightforward formula that other diplomats use as well i still don't understand how it works out when you come in a dozen when their diplomats to you must have a key that others don't know what is that key thing they ever keep the one they have a past twenty years them some kind of guarantees would also of course not so there's

no guarantee you could have. a hand at the beginning because it could have left the shows are after five minutes no problem is. once you have went you are not an institution when you are not a government. your voice is your voice it belongs to you and if this trust in your voice zen people accept to do sings they would not accept it was a situation we as it were is this is a difference between palin diplomacy and enzo official diplomacy the difference is the office of diplomacy is one line everybody talks or same way even nobody can have the individual opinion they have to express what was it. the others or is it as early for that me i am not bound to that i can i can have i can do what i want when i want and people believe as close me. just one

example in south africa i stopped dialogues between white and black by an exchange of prisoners hundred and sixty people five countries in force five country and first. place in. mozambique it happened very smoothly everything went right not one document was saying he's not a. which has been sacked everybody arrive with his address was in plain stupid but back to back of the prisoners everybody believe that it should be issued arrive at that time and be part of that that. not one people. and that it was involving millions country like hans or south africa

now maybe mozambique. so i wonder if it always goes down so i had a friend an american friend who was working at the fall of apartheid in south africa just like you and he was telling me you know every time he's in the conflict resolution as well and he was how we know every time i go for a new job i have this feeling that i know what to do i know how to fix it i know it better and after three years of being there he was like you just fall into this state where you understand you don't know anything and you probably will never understand anything do you ever get that feeling when you go to a new conflict to a new country where you feel like i know it i'm going to do this and then you're on the ground and you trying to do your job trying trying trying and then at the end of the day you like i just don't understand anything in probably never will you interview about success. so it's good i had some success. but the little

failure i had big failure i tied to fix. so of course i am. in my success but why is to give a chance to to the to peace to give a chance to peace doesn't mean that you guarantee that you will bring peace but at least you give a chance to achieve peace this is what i'm going to tell you to do with no guarantees that i will succeed so i am much more courageous and much more ambitious than if i am seeking ways and i'm going to succeed or not she's not my issue i am not sinking was what i was a chance what i was a statistic what that was a possibility for me to succeed and not interested i just say shall i do i have enough elements in my hands to try to bring peace. do i have elements here. are my going to put them aside they're not doing what they want

no of course not i go for it this is their s. life danger at any point in your line of work where you feel like sense of superiority here i am white man from the land of prosperity and peace i come to you party squabbling i will solve your pain because i know better does ever get that feeling because it's dangerous there's a there's a fine line when you have so much power and trust. in your hands and you can make the process as movies can get that sense you can yeah sure i don't you don't have i am very as i don't believe that i am to sure of what i'm doing that i am as i am a person who is it. is it and i don't know the world in english i'm sorry as i doubt about what i'm doing. just this is a feeling of superiority that can never. because if i doubt that means that they

don't have a sense of superiority. and i never go is a sense of and people know that you know we are dealing with men we are dealing with human and sometimes we have to put two sides of paper in the document and. the explaining. explain it. to to get. also a human side in the piece because if it would be one piece. the people who i was. most worried to be the most were a cock there somewhere somehow was hoping for peace so one piece is easy you need out of your body. i think maybe something given worst and sense of security that a lot of big powers get while they're going in conflicts is ignorance because right now we see a lot of politicians. they don't have the understanding of the region when they

actually act in that region they don't know the complexity of the fragility of the places that they affect for instance i remember president obama saying that not lack of planning in libya was probably one of his biggest mistakes of his presidency just recently norway admitted having no idea what they were doing when they send their claims to bomb libya and we see that happening actually a lot where does this i'm a tour approach come from my marines shoot the elected leaders be sent to some mandatory job or political lessons about the world because this happens all the time you know when you when you start to do something and it's valid for government all individuals don't cause i. don't. see it twice before you. he needs a bad and you replace base or worse and this is unfortunately what's happened more

and more in ins in a question that i guess you you you want to check to take off of because of bad but you're replaced by something less of the bad you have taking off and for me of course how can you avoid that you avoid it by think r.c.a. sions z.z.z. . because when when you evil conflict by keating and there's a conflict when you when you. are solutions by kidding another defeat you fail but when you deal. with it when. you see it see is that you that's really wants to build a future together. you are avoiding a place to go from bad to worse here we're going to take a short break right now while we come back we'll continue talking about harold the promise and what is it and is it more effective beneficial to promise and stay with

us. join me every thursday on the alex salmond schill and i'll be speaking to guest of the world of politics small business i'm show business i'll see than. most people think to stand out in this business you need to be the first one on top of the story or the person with the loudest voice of the biggest race in truth to stand losing business you just need as the right questions and demand the right answer. the.

question. and we're back with the expert in peril diplomacy and the chairman of brazzaville foundation. i remember you expressing your opinion in the early times of the syrian conflict escalation you were about wrote about wars of good versus evil. that was you're right and he said that you know that you've said that this is led by us and they can no longer force on everyone because balance of power is shifting so i always think of why does the united states still go over and over again for the same strategy of fighting the black and white good versus evil wars when it has brought all his lee so much misery to the world and to themselves in the first

place why not. question you're a true diplomat. to me. why should i express an opinion on the. no i. says it will worse yes. i'm just saying we have to be very worried. that you we by taking something bad will be placings by subsidy given us and this story as proof that some of the actions taken by this one those. have been they placing something bad something event with us. we leave that to the twentieth century and. those mistakes because while as you said about president obama they were not planning after what do we do after how out and for me i am taking this after as

a very fundamental bass. after has to be a consideration is it is a consideration they can be exchange of opinion it can be democracy at last i'm not talking about western democracy or eastern democracy or specific democracy of the ability of the people to decide of their own future that can be only be done. evil hate considerations or cure and that it is here so you just mentioned earlier in the into that parallel diplomacy in official diplomacy it's pyro because they go without crossing pass so that means that you're not part of the system right the official system there that this stablish while when you do your job as a diplomat. a lot of your success stories in the african period they were tied to the hall they were tied to shock so you kind of are in the system or are you completely not part of the system. after certain moments

it's time for the system to take over. that's for sure i am as i said i am not here to make peace i am here to facilitate peace. is going to make peace izzie a situation because you need twenty agreement it's one which i am not thinkable to to take so yes after certain moment there is let's say if. some people accept it some countries accept it there is a lack of communication and that. takeover by country of two brings everything to lose if in the finality when i did so. which led to the independence of namibia and for the first time as a cuban and the american were sitting at the same table with together with the south africans younger than it was i have

a port of call has been signed. it was taken by the un and there was a big show in. the un for the signing of the agreement i was not even invited i want to invent it nobody invited me when they all know that i was initiated this because this time at a certain moment the official take over and i have don't pretend that i can replace what is off the show of course not i am not here to the place anybody am not here to to do. to am here to help to assist not to replace the official diplomats listened and then we have to go back to the human natur i have extolled the need for friends with our diplomats and zander said what i do and prove what it. of course. they belong to. myself probably not but then again it's not white and black it's i have very good

friends we have diplomats they had. and they have no problem with them because it is really allies that i bring some seeing. of the progress but of course it is situation we don't like me maybe they don't like successes or has have your political convictions or i don't know moral convictions ever get in the way of doing the job as a imperil diplomacy for instance this guy i cannot talk to that want to talk to or whatever you feel personally and he's always irrelevant if you have to make peace and make people reconcile. there is not one person in the planet i would have a few sort of course never one. as criminally can be i will accept if he is a d. to talk about peace i will talk to him of course so in the beginning of the

interview you said that i bring fighting sides to one table because there is trust you know i they trust me and they trust that you know with they come together it's going to be for the better of the common cause does this always work how do you make people who are not willing to reconcile change their mind or this is only work when they actually do want to negotiate the side you see this is a tactic between records. when i did i did the first conference which is in may in the car which is called now that i won because hopefully we are going to have a dugout to. i get invited to peoples there and the north people would say what i've done is i went to beijing i went to do that village and i said please convince your friends to come to the conference so exam.

i've been convincing their friends to come to the conference so i was not exposed as a person the test was. jumping jumping from one person to the other but at the end of this way all that because if i would have been the one who'd been travelling with my leg age and going to to see the people i want to invade to convince maybe i would not have succeeded because it dawned on me and of us of me they who were his white man in the libyan conflict as you say. but if i am using somebody was done by. that's a different that bush says something which is you don't very briefly when i started to be interested in africa i had a chance i was very young i was twenty i was every i was invited for dinner by a very fantastic man we were president of. the what he calls called who fed with me and he invited me sort of our lunch and he was listening to me and i was interested

in going to told him what i want to do with africa and our interest in africa i was there and as the end of the dinner he said you weren't interested was a fake i am going to give you only one advice only one never enter an african village if you are not accompanied by somebody who is known by the village. and they have apply. all my life is. a caution is the. beginning is never given by myself is given by somebody who has a test of a person. and it works so i realize that there are no guarantees of any kind of anything when you get two people when you get people in the same room that have been killing each other for such a long time so it's a big deal that they sit down but what is the success rate usually those people who

have been feuding for so long ok they're in the same room what is the success rate after they start talking have you i'm sure you've. already there are in your personal theory i don't i don't count ok but let me tell you something is where the dialogue is a most essential because that means easy and accepted to meet. it has been a patient it was a meeting is not is not. no idea what they're going to discuss it bad so indeed a cli indeed take the dialogue has been established between them by me most of the most of the time for me so. they don't. have before they meet have evaluated appreciative. that it was going to be very detail very sour and they would leave but i never

experienced. a moment where i put two parties together and no one is left never explained that they might not and. it did happen in the car one when after a missile. i mean delegates. accepted to be on the plane that charter. but when this all was going to be in their homes i said no we cannot sit there with the same people in the left so. the. ways that. i never experimented but do you know like gestures words that are it already like signal to you that there's going to be a deal here do you feel yes dance or are this like a center for ages and is where you're intervene. you know you're not. the mains as long as it is not. beginning or sleight of

conflict your positions then yes you have to intervene and calm down and tell people that geez what do you mean this is what the. generals that they maybe you you can match and. you feel it you in the legalization you you feel it's a time. you use you should. intervene yes when you work on a complicated conflict like syria and if not then what would you advise people to do that no i would never work on the conflict there syria because unfortunately syria is going to be young people of syria of syria. i still believe that in libya yes not yet live and where it goes beyond the people of. the people of syria people of syria today it doesn't count i mean. so what will be my

role to. have syrian government. in the u.s. government. and i don't have the keys and. i cannot and that is all i give up i don't i'm not following. good luck in the cases that you are involved and i'm sure they're going to be successful like most of the cases you have undertaken thank you much but this is thank you very much it's been a pleasure it was been a pleasure for me to. embrace

for a single purpose. they have to come in. they start training very young. eight months of intensive schooling. rats. and they save lives. says syria was lost long ago. this as his public fused with military experts are getting louder and meaner what's going on what does it mean for u.s. engagement overseas that's the subject on this edition of politic.

politicking on larry king on wednesday in a lengthy question and answer session with reporters following a meeting with his cabinet don't talk declare that syria was lost long ago and went on to give his assessment of the country and the ongoing civil war there as death and sand. this against the backdrop of a growing war with american military generals what's going on and what's the potential fallout of this war of words with military experts for us and gays when so overseas let's talk with someone who knows a lot about u.s. foreign policy in the west battle against islamic extremists former u.s. representative chris shays from connecticut served a senior member of the finance and homeland security.