mine detection equipment that's what isaac is. mine sniffing rat. everywhere sociable circumstances. with humanity. actually traditionally. mind. to work in former hotspots where learned mines are among the most deadly remnants of conflict they're often found years after war has ended and serious injury isn't the only problem. imagine how it must feel to live with the knowledge that there's a landmine lurking somewhere near your home. when i was a close up field and to help make the problem of landmines a thing of the past. but it will be a full nine months before he becomes

a real pro for now he simply spends his time with his family. it's no coincidence that giant rats were chosen to sniff mines in the wild they're extraordinary sense of smell that was them to search for food buried deep underground it worked with. the key is to train your bats to associate the discovery of t.n.t. with food and that's not difficult because everyone knows how intelligent rats. the really hard part is making sure that the rat doesn't make any mistakes that could be fatal not just for the rat. the regular rats that's clear from the way they eat these giant rats have special pouches in their cheeks to store food just like hamsters so this particular animal is on the cusp between being a rat but. perhaps that's why they're just a little bit cuter. i

guess i should add to another really great benefit of our species of rats is that they're really curious which lab rats are curious as well but. there are various social in terms of they're really willing to work with people lab rats sometimes will develop that relationship with you but i don't think they develop it quite as readily. meanwhile isaac has grown he's now four weeks old i'm training can begin like all children isaac schooling starts with a kindergarten. although it is a camera he helps little rants to feel comfortable around people.

to see the defeat into. the. norm we teach the. truth. interacting with the care is a vital part of the learning process it's important for isaac's socialization mind sniffing rats mustn't run away from old bites people. when he grows up eyes are cool way around a kilo and his body will reach thirty to forty centimeters in length just about as long as his tail. because they're so big grilled. their favorite local street food.

started at school he spends his early weeks learning the basic rule that means food . is used to reinforce the learned response. i can count as an empty container because knows. this one does contain t.n.t. and the clerk tells him that he can claim a treat. well in general but. really let her do her thing they don't get involved or train in her in any way but there are the rats there's a different behavior just before they find. they have certain behavior some of them like clean themselves they like to groom themselves they're very clean. they don't like to get wet or maybe there's. some of

them will walk around in circles some even stand up in the air. and so the handler knows that she's found some think it's just. indicated where. a rat remarkable sense of smell can detect the tiniest traces of t.n.t. they can sense the explosive even when it's fifteen to twenty centimeters on the ground their noses are there not so secret weapon imagine if humans had similar abilities ok if you were in a pitch black room and somebody entered the house from. i would say i think one kilometer away and it's pitch black and you can't hear anything you might be able to detect something changed but that's also

very hard for me to say because i really as a scientist i need evidence to support such a claim and i don't have. isaac and his sister at the gym they can give their paws a good workout sharpen their teeth. but enjoy a sense of freedom. situ looks as though isaac's trying to set out on his first trip. nice troy. a brief chase. a few a breath so fresh. and he soon back in the fold.

they know what they are doing they know what to expect from them they know. if to your work you can do very we want. to be war. profitable for. very very very bored he learned most you have to do board animals don't they don't understand so i remember very well the words. and that's what we are doing. for about a. week these students are only fed the food supply given the streaks during training mostly a staple diet and nuts. during

the weekends a little given a veritable feet. of peanuts and dried fish this. is great for their bones. it's no feast. he says. he. sees here. in the wild rats live in small underground colonies. quite independent

within the colony. live in their own. food with neighbors. females can choose their own mating partners but the colonies are not matter. they are ruled by a group that works a little like a parliament with both male and female members. it's a big day for isaac. is about to move on to high school. just like every graduate to be he gets his own personal transport. now. his field training.

joint threats. they sleep by day but have active night lives. carers try to adjust to the rats biorhythms they set out at five thirty in the morning so a field training session can start at six. bits for moments like this that isaac has been trained he's not alone by the sound of the edge of.

what politicians do something that. they put themselves on the line to get accepted or rejected. so when you want to be president. or somehow want to. have to go right to be precise this is what the before three in the morning can't be good. i'm interested always in the waters in the house. first sip. nobody could see coming that false confessions would be that in the spot the waste the fall of the. book had any interrogation out there what you'll see is threat promise thread. obvious threat lie a lie a lie the process of interrogation is designed to put people in just that frame of mind to make the most comfortable makes them want to get out and don't take no for an answer don't accept their denials she said if i would. say on the statement that

i would be home by that time the next day there's a culture on accountability and police officers know that they can engage in misconduct that has nothing to do with all the crime. you know world of big partisan. lot and conspiracy it's time to wake up to dig deeper to hit the stories that mainstream media refuses to tell more than ever we need to be smarter we need to stop slamming the door on the back and shouting past each other it's time for critical thinking it's time to fight for the middle for the truth the time is now for watching closely watching the hawks.

seem wrong. when all the rules just don't. let me. get to stamp out of disdain the conflict that's occurred and gain from it because betrayal. when so many find themselves worlds apart we choose to look for common ground. my conclusion he's had to be made to train during this.

again. and i like it the only one. with three younger. so it's not the wide man who is telling them. the black you have to do this in this in this new manner. we have the older teen years there is material enough for the old to be used to train the young. isaac remains calm while he's in for his class to start. the trust between trainer and rat run steve. he lets isaac out of the cage. without even bothering to follow.

they have to concentrate them to be a viewer of that they have to. do to make it into production or for the writ is doing. we did you come to d.c. when you were telling a. very. isaac is now demonstrating model behavior by not until. he sniffs diligently at the end. is in no hurry. this is the result of several months of training.

it looks as though isaac might offend some t.n.t. . he tries to rid his nose of all extraneous sent. me thinks he senses something but needs to reset his smelling operators to be sure . this is the spot. no. can send his signal. it's like watching two old friends getting together. at first but for him performing. i mean she was not running she was walking.

she sniffed every room. she. liked records to steve to t.n.t. he. has asserted that she wasn't too. t.m.t. . isaac seems to have passed with flying colors. and now it's time to evaluate his loyalty. no one wants to chase a runaway rat across a life minefield that would be deadly that's why it's important that the rats follow their handlers voluntarily without a leash. isaac is displaying

textbook behavior as this training is over. now it's time for the real world to begin. traveling to see rip in cambodia. this is home to one of the ancient aka textural wonders of the world. and call it a fact. millions of tourists travel here to take their best selfies tourism

is one of cambodia's main sources of revenue. but there are still landmines left over from the civil war and they are seriously hampering any further growth and tourism to say nothing of the danger to life. when it comes to square miles of minefields cambodia is second only to afghanistan . the number of injuries caused by landmines is the highest in the world now though the situation is changing for the better in the popular tourist resorts mines can only be seen in museums but there are still many dangerous areas in the country.

isaac is here to help with mine clearance. new instructor applies sunscreen to his skin. because giant rats and nocturnal creatures their skin isn't accustomed to high levels of u.v. if they were left unprotected and run the risk of developing skin cancer. ears and tails the most delicate spots. we didn't see them doing this in africa because the training center is high in the mountains in the town of moore to go to. at this time of year it's much cooler there than here in cambodia. if we take a closer look at the probables it's raining but isaac still has some screen applied . the sun might come out once the team stops working.

this is no drill. between dawn's protective vests and helmets. no one knows exactly health protection they get would offer. they're off to work. he's not a hundred like. you from the top and the next question is not bad but these are. international rules that you have to. know. if something exploded. and then you're being discovered. something explodes means at least to a point that i don't want an office rather than having nothing. just as we make our way to the minefield it rains again.

if we drain and then. march what. we think that there is no taking i mean nice is going on is not easy for them. that's why when drains a lot then we don't know what. it doesn't look as though we'll get to see ice a connection or range getting heavier. seafood are. pretty good. very good. there. are.

one more try. it's not clear if the rain will get in the way again or not. the mind to take him is out in the field after all. isaac is investigating the ground. nothing so far. suddenly he starts to wash his face. this means he's identified a suspicious scent. the disposal expose approaches.

he has been something. he seems to be really quite relaxed so perhaps it's not a mine off to rule. in mind it's not mine it's.

all fine. highlighted in yellow. the disposal team has. to work everyone gets a banana. and they all seem to enjoy it. for this moment of triumph now it's time for a rest. real heroes glory true heroes need to rest to build up their strength for their future endeavors.

another round of cambodia's mine clearance campaign has come to an end the field engineers have a chance to relax and take a leaf out of the judge's book then i'd life is almost as exciting as the rats. in. this story of a land mine and. that's all there is to it.

us veterans who come back from war often tell the same stories. were going after the people who were killing civilians they were not interested in the wellbeing of their own soldiers either they're already several generations of them so i just got this memo from the circulated ventured off that says we're going to attack and destroy the government and seven countries in five years americans pay for the wars with their money others with their lives if we were willing to go into harm's way and willing to risk being killed for a war then surely we can risk some discomfort for uneasiness

for. so what we've got to do is identify the threats that we have it's crazy confrontation let it be an arms race is often spearing dramatic developments only personally i'm going to resist i don't see how that strategy will be successful very critical time time to sit down and talk. when i came back from iraq now marijuana her was cocaine methamphetamine anything that's altering trying to get us out of. that bad mines using the chemical there would be so. i want to be drinking and drinking ino noon just killing myself. drink alcoholic drink to feel normal. that's why it's this way

drug. shop was silver. star cool under which these guys are blowing through to it it just means to. need to be hoped pushed on by the v.a.'s r.'s drugs bill and stuff they need to be built. and they've really shouldn't be looked at like numbers they should be looked at like people if they go to a veteran center for health should be considered as someone who really needs attention and. is in the house she's literally in the house she's in the house she's in the house of representatives and as you point out the camera can't take it off her and this is the old donald trump trick where the media cannot resist focusing on trump they gave him billions of dollars with the free advertising and he became president of the state.

they. are headline stories at this hour the pentagon denies allegations of u.s. elyse abusing detainee's in yemen saying there is no independent credible information the claims were first.