but it will be a full nine months before he becomes a real pro bono he simply spends his time with his family. it's no coincidence the giant rats which to sniff mines in the wild there are extraordinary sense of smell daoism to search for food buried deep underground it worked with. the key used to train the abouts to associate the discovery of t.n.t. with food and that's not difficult because everyone knows how intelligent rats. the really hard part is making sure that the rat doesn't make any mistakes that could be fatal not just for the rat. these are regular rats there it's clear from the way they eat these giant rats have special pouches in their cheeks to steal food just like hamsters so this particular animal is on the cusp between being a rat. perhaps that's why they're just

a little bit cuter. i guess i should add to another really great benefit of our rats is that they're really curious which lab rats are curious as well but. they're very social in terms of they're really willing to work with people. sometimes will develop that relationship with you but i don't think they develop it quite as readily. meanwhile isaac has grown he's now four weeks old i'm training can begin like all children isaac's schooling starts with the kindergarten. although it is a camera he hopes little rats to feel comfortable around people.

since you're deep into the engine your physics. is the. it is normally t t it is no more. true. that's not. interacting with the care or is a vital part of the learning process it's important for isaac's socialization mind sniffing rats mustn't run away from all bite people. when he grows up eyes are cool way around a kilo and his body will reach thirty to forty centimeters in length just about as long as his tail. because they're so big grilled. is our favorite local street food.

started at school he spends his early weeks learning the basic rule that t.m.t. means food. sound is used to reinforce the learned response when i can count as an empty container there's no sound. this one does contain t.m.t. and the click tells him that he can no claim i treat. well in general but how. they really let her do her thing they don't get involved or try and influence her in any way but since the rats into the rats has a different behavior just before they find. they have certain behavior and some of them i. clean themselves they like to groom

themselves they're very clean. they don't like to get wet or maybe there's. some of them will walk around in circles some even stand up in the air. and so the handler knows that she's found some think it just has. indicated where it is. a rat's remarkable sense of smell can detect the tiniest traces of t.n.t. they can sense the explosive even when it's fifteen to twenty centimeters on the ground their nose is over not so secret weapon imagine if humans had similar abilities ok if you were in a pitch black room and somebody entered the house from. i would say i think one kilometer away and it's pitch black and you can't hear anything you might be able to detect that something changed but that's

also very hard for me to say because i really as a scientist i need evidence to support such a claim and i don't have. isaac and his sister at the gym they can give their paws a good workout sharpen their teeth. and enjoy a sense of freedom. looks as though isaac's trying to set out on his first trip. nice troy. a brief chase. a few a breath so fresh. and he soon back in the fold.

they know what they are doing they know what to expect from them they know. if to. do very really want that they will have to three war. profit off. very very very important he learned most you have to do board and don't they don't understand so i remember very were the words. and that's what we are doing. for about a. week these students are only fed the food given this treats during training mostly a staple diet and nuts. during

the weekends a little given a veritable feet. of peanuts and dried fish this. is great for their bones. it's no feast. he says. he. sees here. in the wild rats live in small underground colonies. quite independent

within the colony. live in their own. food with neighbors. females can choose their own mating partners but the colonies are not. they are ruled by a group that works a little like a parliament with both male and female members. it's a big day for isaac. is about to move into high school. just like every graduate to be he gets his own personal transport. now. his field training.

giant straps are nocturnal they sleep by day but have active night lives. carers try to adjust to the rats biorhythms they set out at five thirty in the morning so a field training session can start at six. bits for moments like this that isaac has been trained is not alone by the sound of the engine.

breaks it come down on our. young elephants have come to. us basically brutal budgeting incidents because sadly the baby elephants often do see their mothers only be killed but also be caught up and. i do believe the elephant smile i see it in these little ones they also face an express. untamed says.

seems wrong. but all in all just don't call. me. yet to shape out this day to come to advocate and in games from an equal trail. when so many find themselves worlds apart we choose to look for common ground. us veterans who come back from war often tell the same stories. were going after the people who were killing civilians they were not interested in the wellbeing of their own soldiers either they're already several generations of them so i just got this memo from the circulating branches off that says we're going to attack and destroy the government and seven countries in five years americans pay for the wars with them money others with their lives if we were willing to go into harm's way

and willing to risk being killed for a war surely we can risk some discomfort or uneasiness for peace. join me every thursday on the alex simon show and i'll be speaking to guests of the world of politics small business i'm show business i'll see that. my conclusion he's had to be made to train during this. again. and i like it the only one. with three hundred or.

so it's not the wide man who is telling them. the black you have to do this in this in this new manner now we have the older teen years so to there is material enough for the old to be used to train the young. isaac remains calm while he's in for his class to start. the trust between trainer and rat run steve. he lets isaac out of the cage. without even bothering to follow.

it. they have to concentrate them to be a viewer of their. they have to to make an interpretation of for the writ is doing. would you come to d.c. when you were telling. isaac is now demonstrating model behavior by now on thing rat. he sniffs diligently at the end. is in no hurry. this is the result of several months of training. it looks as though isaac might offend some t.n.t. . he tries to rid his nose of all extraneous said.

he thinks he senses something but needs to reset his smelling operators to be sure . this is the spot. no all the trainer can send his signal. it's like watching two old friends getting together. at first but for him good for me. i mean she was not running she was walking.

she sniffed every room. she. liked records. to steve to t.n.t. he didn't work. as a surgeon she wasn't too. t.m.t. . isaac seems to have passed with flying colors. and now it's time to evaluate his loyalty. no one wants to chase a runaway rhett across a life minefield that would be deadly that's why it's important that the rats follow their handlers voluntarily without a leash. isaac is displaying textbook behavior as this training is over. now it's time for the real world to

begin. traveling to see. in cambodia. this is home to one of the ancient aka textural wonders of the world. and caught a fact. millions of tourists travel here to take their best selfies tourism is one of cambodia's main sources of revenue. but there are still landmines left

over from the civil war and they are seriously hampering any further growth and tourism to say nothing of the danger to life. when it comes to square miles of minefields cambodia is second only to afghanistan . the number of injuries caused by landmines is the highest in the world now though the situation is changing for the better in the popular tourist resorts mines can only be seen in museums but there are still many dangerous areas in the country. isaac is here to help with mine clearance. new instructor applies some screen to

his skin. because giant rats and nocturnal creatures their skin isn't the custom to high levels of u.v. if they were left unprotected and run the risk of developing skin cancer. ears and tails of the most delicate spots. we didn't see them doing this in africa because the training center was high in the mountains in the town of . at this time of year it's much cooler there than here in cambodia. if we take a closer look at the probables it's raining but isaac still has some screen applied . the sun might come out once the team stops working.

this is no drill. team dawn's protective vests and helmets. no one knows exactly health protection they get would offer. they're off to work. he's not a hundred. but look at you from the top on the next question is not bad but these. international. yeah. if something exploded. in the north being a scottish and down to something explored at least to a course that they don't want an office rather than having nothing. just as we make our way to the minefield it rains again. if we do rains and then.

we think that there is no. i mean is going on is not easy for them. that's why when the rains a lot then we don't know what. it doesn't look as though we'll get to see isaac in action range getting heavier. see feel. pretty good. very good. through. our.

one more try. it's not clear if the rain will get in the way again or not. the mind to take some team is out in the field after all. isaac is investigating the ground. nothing so far. suddenly he starts to wash his face. this means he's identified a suspicious scent. the disposal expose approaches. he has from something.

he seems to be really quite relaxed so perhaps it's not a mine off to rule. is the mine that's not mine it's the. i thought. it. will find.

highlighted in yellow. the disposal team has a light breakfast to work everyone gets a banana. they all seem to enjoy it. for this moment of triumph now it's time for a rest. of the real heroes glory true heroes need to rest to build up this strength for their future endeavors. another round of cambodia's mine clearance campaign has come to an end the field

engineers have a chance to relax. take a leaf out of the judge's book then i'd life is almost as exciting as the rats. in. this story of a land mine and. that's all there is to it.

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one. that i. see. in what's being touted as an important milestone and we're so german relations german car giant which on for c.b.s. is opening a new plants near moscow. as spain struggles with the sheer number of newcomers arriving by sea smuggling gangs are cashing in on the refugee crisis and investigative journalist shares with us a rare interview with one of the human traffickers involved. over for sale in the book told him two thousand fresh little fellows when you get to thirty to fifty push for them to put into your bush probably before.