crisis in iraq over the last five years i think he managed to prevent further escalation of the conflict and banks especially monitoring mission to ukraine i think he also made a major difference for the people on the ground in terms of fossil. of silence for human turn. and make sure that medians of people have walter electricity electricity gas and cetera but obviously. monitoring of the conflict is not enough to move closer to resolving the conflict and there i think you always see haass some tools for for instance the group that meets on a body clean basis in minsk. of all five signatories often means. around the table and i think this is a platform. much more effective pretty.

neat political impulse needs to come. from. but ideally to normandy for. the has been. giving political guidance to process so basically what i'm eating for is an alter politically impulse ideally stemming from the moment so let's little talk about normally foreign of that before that i want to talk about the possible u.n. peacekeepers arriving in ukraine. before the elections and ukraine then president poroshenko said that this could be solved an agreement could be reached on us peace peacekeepers arriving to ukraine as early as may we're doing it this year do you think that idea is still feasible that i always. defend the position if peace operation or u.n. peace operation even such as the joint us. always see.

if. to get out of the political implementing demeans agreements go for it go for it. vote we have seen is the proposals in operation the for so massively. from a very simple. peacekeeping operation. very traditional if you sign it to a comprehensive. peace operation. i write a figure of twenty thousand. men. and as long as the half. concepts that differ so widely will not half as basis to negotiate the u.n. security council resolution so basically as long as there is not more of a common understanding of the scope of such an operation. to fly so i want to get

your point of the on how that shit sort of take place russia wants to be in peacekeepers on a front line protecting the stuff he crane once again peacekeepers on its borders that was russia. where do you think they should be i think if. issue is dos the u.n. operation serve to implement the means agreements if it dos i think he could eventually be from pulsations i think it would be a matter all of sequencing. to build up an operation and linking meet its progress in implementing the political probations of the means so i think it will be doable but i think. the basis.

means agreements and if there is an attempt to. bypass. if that were to happen you don't have to rely on its members to provide troops and we have like a very delicate situation when it comes to ukraine a lot of interests are involved which countries do you think should contribute to the u.n. mission in ukraine so that no one is really playing being biased i think there has been there's a tradition in u.n. peace operations not to engage troops off states that have a direct stake even in a crisis or in a conflict and this would certainly also apply here. so you would have to focus on the number of states that are. not. directly stakeholders off the crisis i think again depending on the size of such an operation. would be doable.

not there yet the first i think of you need to come to a much more common understanding. of the scope of such an operation and then i think the next question. then b. who would contribute troops but no matter the scope of the peacekeeping mission it will have to be decided by the security council that this do you think that at this point security council is getting more involved in the whole affair. with this option of a peace operation that yes. at the same time i think it would be wise to keep you always closely involved. for obvious reasons the been working in this context for the last five years. you have a lot to offer basically you have all civilian components of

a peace offering. to bring in. and this is also by the half. the possibility of a joint u.n. always see operation but again i would caution we're not there yet so the new leader ukrainian leaders. that normally for maybe needs to be expanded maybe america and united kingdom should also be part of it what do you think there are two opinions that this would actually make it even more chaotic and bury the whole thing there's thing that it will bring the new life. the clearly are in dire need of a new political impulse. to get implementation of the means agreements moving bodies for sure now. impulse come from. refer to a moment. before. i thought for me the obvious. now

how would you associate. additional important stakeholders to the mediation formant. i'm not sure what i'm sure of that once the come to a solution could be agreed on of a forward. the need to all major stakeholders such a solution including of course the united states of america. but i don't think they should be part of the extent. to normandy for two days i don't have. an idea that's just a proposal that's floating around just as an idea do you think it could help when you know the implications you know the relations between u.k. and russia united states and russia do you think bringing them together at the same table could actually help the crisis or on the contrary. certainly need

both the u.s. and u.k. . to tupac. forward however the way forward then we look look like if. the two states should be part of the mediation format the stock. i'm not sure of it might complicate matters but again. to decide to define in every conflict resolution process. mediators are chosen by the sites and they need to feel comfortable to mediate yours you've also pointed out a couple of times that there's not enough. political will even care to implement the means agreements now have the new leader i didn't originally and. he's like a man from the people maybe he doesn't have experience of his predecessor in politics but you know he's widely regarded as someone who would bring upon change

in every possible field do you think was him when we can hope that the agreements could move forward well i've been saying he's knocked off political will to implement the main screens full stop and it does implies to all sides. obviously i do hope after. conclusion of the presidential selection. presidential election process in ukraine. we will get and we in polls. i think it's very difficult to to speculate about the new president's positions. we'll see. but clearly i think there is an opportunity for a new beginning if there is an opportunity for these needed political impulses to move forward to force resolving the crisis so right

now conflict is five years old gee it consider any frozen conflict like that not going to get a bad or a trans mistry you. know it's clearly not a frozen accompli i mean there is people dying practically on the on the on a daily basis. that there is. there are ceasefire. varying between a few hundred and. two thousand and there were two and a half thousand recently. so this is a very hot conflict and it. also creates a lot of human suffering and so for me this is far from a frozen conflict so if it were to become a frozen conflicts like the ones that i cited earlier would consider it as

a success or failure. you know would you always see. want to do is mandated to do by its participating states if you mandate to. manage conflict. has been the case reached the special monitoring mission to ukraine if it. we can do so. and the same goes for instance for the. i think he's been fairly successful in preventing. further escalations in making sure the local cease fire. will not. walk out of control so they take a break right now our back will continue talking to thomas graham secretary.

talking about ukraine the balkans and reform of the organization statements. to the international memorial awards twenty nineteen are now open for entry. the media professionals are eligible whether you are a freelance journalist media or part of a global news platform to participate in published works and video. go toward. the people that are now doing those manufacturing jobs also start end of it because that's where the

innovation happens on the factory floor so the factory floor to china as you point out. we've moved all of our jobs manufacturing over china now all the innovations in china so we don't start it's not created in california built in china is going to be created in china built in china. my son doing drugs my nephew was still in drugs my sister just with doing drugs it was like an epidemic of drug abuse america's public enemy number one in the united states. drug abuse started going after the users in the prison population. we started treating sick people people who are addicted to these drugs like criminals while i was on the hill. the war on drugs. with numbers of people who are in prison for. for

minor minor offenders in the drug trade it's a lot watching your children grow up in issue in waves and say by as you're walking out of the business it's just it doesn't get easier. back when thomas graham heard the secretary general of the oh i see how this went away about kosovo because. i see also has a mission there kosovo is considering. shape their security forces to. full fledged army of course thinks is very dangerous it could start a new conflict what do you think. the are of course concerned. let's say to the very on the even. peace and stability in the best and balkans.

states. lately. in a quite impressive very. i think for instance off the price. of those macedonia i think their. behalf. managed the international community but also in diet and political leaders half a mile each day to create. an island off with a leafy i'm very disappointed that they're totally stock of anything comes to the bad great british dialogue and i think all every progress in terms of culpable they. they need to but they depend. on the stock process and they have been a number of factors that brought this process to

a fan stated that not only you you know you mentioned you know my name is very simple do you think a former r.b.a. in cost isn't a good idea and it's clearly at this point in time it's not helpful and the same will obviously cost goes for a one hundred percent tariff imposed. the both sides kosovo and serbia are playing with the idea of this land swap but then european union says it's a very bad idea and if that were to happen that would open pandora's box what do you think what more do with what if they could actually help bridge the divide between pristina and belgrade with your organization support that idea of land swap i think we're. there is for the time being this idea has been that this cost by the two presidents. have been formalized oafish allies be can only guess what they've been talking about feel like for them it's

more real than for the europeans because i recently spoke to the serbian prime minister and yes you're right there are no concrete agreements on it but they're thinking about it more seriously than one might think. that were to happen would you support that idea look i have to soften off talking beats most presidents over recent months is. i agree i think there were serious proposals being discussed. at the same time i would also argue that to be haven't seen the entire proposal both presidents have told us and the. swap is only off of a comprehensive. package and as long as we don't see this comprehensive package i think it's difficult to take

a serious position on it well i would do what i would say is if the two. states come to a deal to arrange also agree to. i think. eventually. we will have to accept it. i want to talk about the. general state of things and how they're looking right now some want say we have fresh as last oct twenty eighth in any other sound we have nato. do you think this is what is going to be from now on and calm response and big military exercises this is our world of today it is the thoughts the packing. seen. developing over the last three four years. it's of course of worrying picture in. the o.e.c.d. takes it is. of course one hundred percent

normal docu. military exercises police notified them. notified them also below the foremost threshold that needs to be notified according to the vienna document be careful when it comes to snap exercises again as much transparency as possible. be careful that the closer to the border you come i thought these clearly while message. the are giving. the message i think is we need to. focus more into the prevention and incident management you know we half launched this structured stock process. but these are baiting states on politi community military matters and again for the last two years i think it's

a promising formant. more the discuss issues of. military reask manage to meet a geisha and. drones apparency. strengthening existing competence and security building measures you know. order to. prevent. miscalculations accidents potentially could spin out of control some potentially potential talking about potential accidents baltic states are apparently police and concerned the russian threat and they're very happy every time nato conducts their drills on their territory and this obviously gets on the nerves russians it's like a never ending story but since you're going to mission is actually early conflict prevention do you see a serious conflict potential there. you see i think the threat perceptions need

to be taken seriously and this is. while most of reasons why we launched this structured. to allow to see beijing states to come together and share strength perceptions. i think it is only by getting a better sense of what's right and. we can gradually rebuild trust and call to do come here all the time not just part of the western well right you know the reality on the ground here just as much as you know the reality on the ground there do you feel your take threats should be taken seriously do you think there is a potential it's absolutely irrelevant to how i feel about it your handlers you know as you say take care. of these what matters office actions perceptions by participating states and because perceptions also

shape reality so if. participating state. consistent threat perception. i think needs to be taken into account. responses and i think fold. nice. to meet. again. to. each change and to better understand and i think there is also a need for more. readiness to more empathy to try to understand the author if you want to progress and if you want to come out of this very polarized very antagonistic environment the operating currently do you like your organization in today's world has enough tools of

influence too actually. solve the problems that it is facing because it was created it's a cold war child it was created when america you know u.s.s.r. where at loggerheads at all and yes there was a potential conflict threat that was real and that was a real threat to europe that i mean right now as much as america and russia aren't liking each other their relationship is definitely not a threat to european union or europe as a whole europe is definitely facing other threats i don't know like terrorism populists hacker's climate change immigration you name it but this is nothing compared to the threat that it was facing before. when the cold war was on do you know maybe your needs of fundamental reform the answer will be of course every organization needs to be constantly reform. needs to respond to challenges there needs to make sure its

leaders provide. convincing answers to the challenges. off today and indeed we are facing. new challenges. in my address to moscow security conference for instance. that can all rapid technological change artificial intelligence etc this is going to bring lots of new challenges in terms of security but the same time i will argue the always a fantastic toolbox developed over the time since the. top to the helsinki nine hundred seventy five when it comes to. fossilize dating dialogue you always see the forms inclusive platform for dialogue

on offer. a mediation for months for conflicts so i think it's not a matter of the toolbox are they effective enough i'll tell you i'm asking because what we've seen lately is for instance i don't have the normandy for for ukraine solving the problem you have a group for sea or air you have p five plus one for iran deal so this makeshift diplomatic formats right now are more effective than anything that un can do because people stopped long stopped looking at united nations as a platform that decides anything or solves any problems for most of the people i know here running away as you know that nations right now is like a pointless platform where people can lash of each other. do you feel like people have trust in your organization as a problems or do you think it's effective enough i would but there's a beijing states. even more frequently instruments

tools we offer to them by the end of the day it is up to the political really the commitment of participating states to you. and i like platform to be all for. conflict management tool the offer. i think it will be can do is make sure these tools are smart. they're op to current challenges. you need political resolve if you want to move ahead thank you so much thomas for this interview and good luck with everything thank you so much thank you thank you were in the always see.

what politicians do. to put themselves on the line to get accepted or rejected. so when you want to be president. or somehow want to be. the two going to be cross it's like the before three in the morning can't be good. i'm interested always in the lawyers in our. case should. they can come and blow our brains out at any given time and we can't really do anything actually america is the only country in the world where you can kill

people outside of war and legally get away with. all the fire crawls still berea all the trouble here's the fail the point it's hollow point the k.k.k. exists because america wants it to exist the of the biggest terrorist group to ever operate in this country and they're dead to me they're worse all than the people who destroyed the world trade centers or the scroll why. is it a prius with. some other fish flesh blood it. would be guilt well somebody would believe that it was no i don't that well look. losing is its appeal to. the good of that all you want to go to the brink of the enemy and that's

that it's a liberal still. well it was pretty. much which because. i come. here do you. risk your money you know. storm. my looked up from. in the. snow. let's leave let's leave.

such as a synagogue shooting in california was reportedly inspired by the most shootings in new zealand is really just fall and spreading across the world we also this morning . plus this came in overnight spain's ruling socialist claimed victory in the election that also seems to follow propelled into politics the first dog for decades. pepsico comes under fire for picking a battle with indian farmers over potatoes.