a special monitoring mission to ukraine i think you also made a major difference for the people on the ground in terms of fossil if they think these windows of silence for human turn ever. again make sure that medians of people have walter electricity electricity gas and cetera but obviously. monitoring of the conflict is not enough to move closer to resolving the conflict and there i think you always see haass some tools for for instance the group that meets on a body clean basis in minsk. of all five signatories often means. around the table nothing. form that could be used much more effectively. the neat political impulse needs to come. from. but ideally the moment before. the has been.

giving political guidance to process so basically what i'm eating for is an author political impulse ideally stemming from the moment you feel so let's little talk about normal for in a bit but before that i want to talk about the possible u.n. peacekeepers arriving in ukraine. before the elections in ukraine then president poroshenko said that this could be solved an agreement could be reached on us peace peacekeepers arriving to ukraine as early as may we're doing it this year do you think that idea is still feasible but i always. defend the position that if peace operational you would be separation even such as the joint un always see. if these allows us to get out of the political impasse of the implementing demeans agreements go for it go for it.

what we have seen is the proposals for an operation the for so masterfully. from a very simple. peacekeeping operation. very traditional if you sign. a comprehensive. peace operation. i write a figure of twenty thousand. men. and as long as the half. concepts that differ so widely will not half as basis to negotiate the u.n. security council resolution so basically as long as there is not more of a common understanding of the scope of such an operation even not fly so i want to get your point of the on how that shit sort of take place russia was.

peacekeepers on a frontline protect analyse stuff he crane once again peacekeepers on its border it was russia. where do you think they should be but i think this size. issue is das the un operation serve to implement the means agreements if it dos i think it could eventually be from pulsations i think it would be a matter of sequencing. to build up an operation and linking meet its progress in implementing the political probations of the means so i think it will be doable bought i think. the basis. the means could remans and if there is an attempt to.

if that were to happen you don't have to rely on its members to provide troops and we have like a very delicate situation when it comes to ukraine a lot of interests are involved which countries do you think should contribute to the un mission in ukraine so that no one is really blamed being biased i think there has been there is a tradition in un peace operations not to engage troops off states that have a direct stake even in a crisis or in a conflict and this would certainly also apply here. so you would have to focus on the number of states that are. not. directly stakeholders off the crisis i think again depending on the size of such an operation. would be doable. not there yet the first i think of you need to come. much more common understanding

. of the scope of such an operation and i think the next question would then be who would contribute troops but no matter the scope of the peacekeeping mission it will have to be decided by the security council. do you think that at this point security council is getting more involved in the whole affair. if. this option of a peace operation yes. at the same time i think it would be wise to keep. closely involved. for obvious reasons because been working in this context for the last five years. you know we are you i would have a lot to offer basically be half all civilian components of a peace operation. to bring in and this is also by the

half. the possibility of a joint un always see operation but again i would caution we're not there yet so the new leader ukrainian leaders. that normandy for maybe needs to be expanded maybe america and united kingdom should also be part of it what do you think there are two opinions that this would actually make it even more chaotic and bury the whole thing there's thing that it will bring the new life. the clearly are in dire need of a new political impulse. to get implementation of to mean scream it's moving that bad news for sure now. impulse come from. refer to a moment. before. i thought vote for me the obvious. what . would you associate. additional important stakeholders

to the mediation formant. i'm not sure what i'm sure of that once the come to a solution be agreed on a day forward to. the needs of all major stakeholders speech and such a solution including of course the united states of america. but i don't think they should be part of the extent. to normandy for two days i don't have. an idea that's just a proposal that's floating around just as an idea do you think it could help when you know the implications you know the relations between u.k. and russia united states and russia do you think bringing them together at the same table could actually help the crisis or on the contrary. certainly need both the u.s. and u.k. . to tupac. forward however the way forward then we look look like

if. the two states should be part of the mediation format the socks i'm not sure even complicate matters but again these are. defined in every conflict resolution process. mediators are chosen by the sites and they need to feel comfortable to mediators you've also pointed out a couple of times that there's not enough. political will in kiev to implement agreements now we have the new leader i didn't originally and. he's like a man from the people maybe he doesn't have experience of his predecessor in politics but you know he's widely regarded as someone who would bring upon change in every possible field do you think was a week we can hope that the agreements could move forward well i've been

saying there is knocked off political will to implement the main screens full stop and it does implies to all sides. obviously i do hope after. conclusion of the presidential selection. presidential election process in ukraine. we will get and we impulse. i think it's very difficult to speculate about the new president's positions. we'll see. but clearly i think there is an opportunity for a new beginning if there is an opportunity for these needed political impulses to move forward to force resolving the crisis so right now conflict is five years old jihad considering frozen conflict like that and not

going to get a bomb or a trans ministry you. know it's clearly not a frozen accompli i mean there is people dying practically on the on the on a daily basis. that there is. there are ceasefire. barreling between a few hundred and. two thousand and there are two and a half thousand recently. so this is a very hot conflict and it. also creates a lot of human suffering and so for me this is far from a frozen conflict so if it were to become a frozen conflicts like the ones that i cited earlier would consider it as a success or thing there. you know we always see.

can do we want to do is mandated to do by its participating states if you mandate to. manage conflict. has been the case reached the special monitoring mission to ukraine it. fascinating for dr holcomb to our group. we can do so. and the same goes for instance for the complex i think been fairly successful in preventing. further escalations in making sure the local cease fire. would not escalate the war not spin out of control because are they taking great now i'm back we'll continue talking to thomas graham and secretary. talking about ukraine the balkans and reform of.

the people that are now doing those manufacturing jobs also start to innovate because that's where the innovation happens on the factory floor so the factory floor to china as you point out china and we've moved all of our jobs manufacturing over china now all the innovations in china so we don't it's not it's not created in california built in china is going to be created in china built in china. my seven years doing drugs my nephew was still in drugs my system just with drugs it was like an epidemic of drug abuse america's public enemy number one in the

united states is. sort of going after the users in the prison population who are we started treating sick people people who are addicted to these drugs like criminals . while i was on the hill i increasingly became convinced that the war on drugs was a mistake there are countless numbers of people who are in prison for inconceivably sentences for minor minor offenders in the drug trade it's a lot watching your children grow up and miss you in waves and say by daddy as you're walking out of the business it's just it doesn't get easier. they can come and blow our brains out at any given time if we can't really do anything actually america is the only country in the world where you can kill

people outside of war and legally get away with. all the fire crawls stillbirth all the trouble here's the point it's hollow fly to k.k.k. exists because america wants it to exist they are the biggest terrorist group to ever operate in this country and they're dead to me they're worse off than the people who destroyed the world trade centers of the scroll while. you were back with thomas graham and heard the secretary general of the oh i see thomas went away about kosovo because. i see also has

a mission there in kosovo is considering. shape their security forces to. full fledged army of course thinks is very dangerous and could see. in the conflict what do you think that. we are of course of course concerned by let's say the devalue on the even progress to peace and stability in the best and balkans you have. states that half lately progress in a quite impressive. i think for instance off the price by agreement. those macedonia i think they're. the have managed the international community but also in latin political leaders have managed to create. an island off of civility i'm very disappointed that they're totally stock of

anything comes to the belgrade british dialogue and i think all every progress in terms of calls of all they. they need to they depend. the stock process and there have been a number of factors that brought this process to a standstill my son why do you know you mention your question is very simple do you think a former r.v. in kosovo is a good idea clearly at this point in time it's not helpful and the same of obviously it also goes for one hundred percent higher if you pose. the both sides kosovo and serbia are playing with their idea of this land swap but then european union says it's a very bad idea and if that were to happen that would open pandora's box what do

you think what more do with what if we could actually help bridge the divide between pristina and belgrade what your organization support that idea is lends well. i think we're. not. there is for the time being at this idea has been discussed by the two presidents. and i have been formalized official eyes be can only guess what they've been talking about feel like for them it's more real than for at the europeans because i recently spoke to the serbian prime minister and yes you're right there are no concrete agreements on it but they're thinking about it more seriously than one might think. that were to happen would you support that idea look i have to soften off talking beats most presidents over recent months is and i agree i think dorsey or his proposals being discussed. at the same time i would also argue that

to be half an. entire proposal that both presidents have told us and the. salt is only. a comprehensive. package and as long as we don't see this comprehensive package i think it's difficult to take a serious position on it well i would do what i would say is if the two. states come to a deal to arrange also agree to. i think. eventually. we will have to accept it. i want to talk about the general state of things and how they're looking right now some want say we have russia's last oct twenty eighth i mean they said we have nato. do you think this is what is going to be from now on and calm response and big military exercises this is our world of today it is the

thoughts the pattering. seen. developing over the last three four years. of course of worrying picture in. the o.e.c.d. takes is. of course one hundred percent normal. military exercises police notified them. notify them also below the foremost threshold that needs to be notified according to the vienna document be careful when it comes to snap exercises again as much transparency as possible. be careful the closer to the border. these clearly while message. the are giving. the message i

think is we need to. focus more into the prevention and incident management you know we have launched this structure of process. put these abating states on politi community military matters again for the last two years i think it's a promising formant. more the discuss issues of. military reask managed to meet a geisha and. baron see. strengthening existing confidence and see. building measures in order to. prevent. miscalculations accidents potentially could spin out of control some potentially potential talking about potential accidents while six states are

apparently police and concerned the russian threat and they're very happy every time nato conducts their drills on their territories to solve you think gets on the nerves of the russians it's like a never ending story but since you're going to mission is actually early conflict prevention do you see a serious conflict potential there. you see i think the threat perceptions need to be taken seriously and this is. while most of reasons why we launched a structured guide to allow participating states to come together and share strength perceptions. i think it's only by getting a better sense of what's right and the other side. we can gradually rebuild trust and call to do come here all the time you're not just part of the western well right you know the reality on the ground here just as much as

you know the reality on the ground there do you feel your take threats should be taken seriously do you think there is a potential it's absolutely irrelevant to how i feel about the snow here you're having there you know to take care. of these what matters office actions perceptions by participating states and because perceptions also shape reality so. if a participating state. consistent threat perception. i think needs to be taken into account. responses and i think these. need. to. each change and to better understand and i think there is also a need for more. readiness

to more empathy to try to understand the author if you want to progress and if you want to come out of this very polarized very and they're going to stick in my mind the operating currently do you like your organization in today's world has enough tools of influence two actually. solve the problems that it is facing because it was created it's a cold war child it was created when america you know u.s.s.r. where are at loggerheads at all and yes there was a potential conflict threat that was real and that was a real threat to europe that i mean right now as much as america and russia aren't liking each other their relationship is definitely not a threat to european union or europe as a whole europe is definitely facing other threats i don't know like terrorism populists hackers climate change immigration you name it but this is nothing

compared to the threat that it was facing before. when the cold war was on did you know maybe you were going to say she needs of fundamental reform the answer will be of course every organization needs to be constantly reform. needs to respond to challenges. convincing answers to the challenges. off today and indeed we are facing. new challenges. in my address to moscow security conference for instance. that can all rapid technological change artificial intelligence etc this is going to bring lots of which i'll inches in terms of security but the same time i will argue the always see a fantastic toolbox developed over the time since the. top

to the helsinki nine hundred seventy five when it comes to. fossilize dating dialogue you always see. forms inclusive platform for dialogue on offer. a mediation form and. for conflicts so i think it's not a matter of the toolbox are they effective enough those platforms i'll tell you what i'm asking because what we've seen lately is for instance i don't have the normandy for for ukraine solving the problem you have a group for sea or air you have p five plus one for iran deal so this makeshift diplomatic formats right now are more effective than anything that un can do because people stopped long stopped looking at united nations as a platform that decides anything or solves any problems for most of the people i

know here running away as you know that nation's right now is like a pointless platform where people can lash of each other. do you feel like people have trust in your organization as a problem or do you think it's effective enough i would but there's a bidding states. even more frequently instruments tools we offer to them at the end of the day it is up to the political real commitment of participating states to you. and i like platform to be all for. conflict management tool to offer. i think it will be can do is make sure these tools are smart. they're op to current challenges. you need political

resolve if you want to move ahead thank you so much thomas for this interview and good luck with everything thank you so much thank you thank you were interest or do you always see. same wrong but old rules just don't. let me. get to shape out just because the ticket and engagement equals betrayal. when so many find themselves worlds apart we choose to look for common ground.

when lawmakers manufacture consensus uncertainty of public wealth. when the running closest to protect themselves. when the financial merry go round lifts only the one percent told. to ignore middle of the room signals. to leave the room for the real need for. this new folks go through a period of sort of full scale the first flight if. you're doing what you know well somebody would believe that it was my job to the. losing is its ability. to get rid of that all you want the solicitor going to bring in the not only at best it's a little silly was got to make it almost all. been done but well it was pretty but

craig was a general kind of watches there too which could go along with a million long monologue but i come in. here do you really learn your money if you don't produce or storm the lead here so my look go from moods sure bears are doing the clue trick of creditors some are very. good politicians to do something. they put themselves on the line they get accepted or rejected. so when you want to be president or injury. or somehow want to be. the two going to be prosperous like them before three in the morning can't be good . i'm interested always in the waters in the house. or sitting.

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