unk that accumulates tear on a cellular level so tell me the gist of it why well that stopped the wearing of time on my organs. well it's not quite that simple what we propose is we can keep people healthy later in life but i repairing all of the damage that the body does to itself throughout life in the course of its normal operation and some of that damage is of the thought that you just described essentially the accumulation of weisbrod both inside cells and also in the spaces between selves but so it is not quite like that for example sometimes simply we have too many of a particular bad type of cell that is not there that is misbehaving or in other cases we don't have enough of a particular good time cells die and they're not necessarily replaced automatically by the division of other cells furthermore the damage to. the

structure the kind of lattice of proteins that holds the body together which is called the extracellular matrix. so as you can see there are many different types of damage and we have to fix them all now i work at sense research foundation is exactly that we are focusing on many of these things because we know that they all need to be developed and applied to the pit people all the same time in due course and in a few cases the rest of the world is already understanding this and focusing well on them so for example of course there's a huge amount of stem cell research going on worldwide but the reason we created the foundation was because there are plenty of other areas which were very neglected luckily we've made lots of progress in that so now everyone's getting much more excited about it and this is like a very general description of what you do what you strive for a better one how does this look technically like what do you do is it like a potion that huge afternoon ourself or what is this that you're working on. well

let me answer that in 2 ways from the point of view of the person who is going to be receiving these therapies and also from the point of view of people like us the researchers who are developing them from the point of view of the person who's going to be receiving them they will just look like that you like no medicines delivered by injections or perhaps with bells in some cases the maybe surgery involved. into the what is being injected or introduced however it's going to be very very complicated lots of different components to it will be doing stem cell therapies will still be doing gene therapy is where we introduce engineered viruses into the body that modify the the the the d.n.a. of ourselves there will also be immunotherapy for stimulating the immune 5th them to do things to repair things that it's normally isn't doing and also simple you know pharmaceuticals now in terms of developing the things it gets pretty complicated so for example one way in which we addressing the problem of

waste brought out of the accumulation of stuff inside for. of the folks i'm working with of identifying bacteria that have the ability to break with things down and then we identify the dreams that they have the give them out ability and having done that we then modify those gains so that we can put them into human self and they still work and we've succeeded in this regard in relation to some very important aspects of aging that are caused by the accumulation of waste one of them is atherosclerosis the number one killer in the western world another one is macular degeneration which is the number one cause of blindness in the elderly so i think i'll give you an idea all right so at this point have you had one big hit a defining moment whether it's a successful drug test or surgery trial or anything else that gives proof that this is all within grasp that this is actually working. we've had

a number of big hits but not quite of that kind because we work on the early stages of this research when we get to the point where therapy prospective therapy is anywhere near going to into the clinic to be actually used on human beings it's kind of no longer our problem by that time we have already maybe created a spin out company and transferred the intellectual property into the company so that it can attract investment from women from from wealthy people around the world and they're the people who take it forward to clinical trials for the moment so through such foundation has existed for more than a decade we've been doing this research but just in the past few years maybe 2 or 3 years we have been taking several of our project through out to the private sector in the way i just described start up companies and those companies are not yet in clinical trials but in general they're only one or 2 years away from that point so

the big hits that we've had in terms of allowing this to be seen as a feasible idea previously the approaches that we have pursued 10 years ago they were just viewed i was completely impossible everyone of the officially given up on these areas and we showed that they should have given up and you just need to try a bit harder. so it doesn't seem that your research went down too well with the scientific community where sense is branded by some as i said a science do you feel there's accounts hold water i mean learning from peer reviews and criticism is a major part of any way strange do you feel the negative impact has been helpful. the mistake that you have made in that analysis is you haven't looked at the dates of the various reactions to what we say there was indeed a great deal of skepticism and opposition on the denigration of this work when i 1st started putting it forward 1015 years ago people didn't really understand what

i was and as you say they often thought that it was just on scientific but i was able to engage my colleagues in careful scientific debate on these areas back in the mid 2000 and the result was basically i was convincing i was able to demonstrate that actually the only reason why my colleagues had been skeptical was because they didn't really understand what i would say and now this decade we're in a very different position in fact it's so good that people are reinventing the concept and pretending it's the new one and actually getting you know this is not completely mainstream papers being written use ready the essentially the touchstone of the field as a kind of description of what the field is supposed to be doing and the identically what i said a decade earlier so yes that fun to figure out what has been completely factual

there are very very few people now who would say that this is unfair and if it so you've been saying that one of the major problems your research is facing is money why is that i mean don't reach people want to live forever don't we all want to cure disease. unfortunately we have persuade someone that they ought to support their financially does not only confess of getting scientific legitimacy yes with me their will to show that this is a sensible way to proceed but that doesn't say that it's going to succeed any time soon it could take a long long time and of course people don't like to get their hopes up you know people like to kind of put aging out of a mind and you know get on with their lives and kind of not be preoccupied by this terrible thing that's going to happen to them and wildly research remains a relatively early stage that the timeframe before it becomes really available is

still very speculative but you know it's kind of not surprising that people are a little reluctant to get heavily involved that is changing now because things are far enough along as i mentioned that they can be invested in so people can actually make money out of this which kind of distracts them from getting too emotionally invested in whether they're going to be able to benefit themselves in terms of the therapy and so that's that's all working out quite nicely but there are so many other irrational reasons especially in the west why people don't get involved in this they'll say you know that it's because their wife doesn't want them to or it's because they think their shareholders are going to fail that they're. putting money into science fiction and that price of that company will go down or you know though the the they'll think that for example. philanthropy doesn't work you know crazy reasons like that but this is gradually changing over time i will

say however that in russia when i come to russia i never have this problem whenever i speak whenever i come to russia i love it because everyone's really sensible about it they really want. actually see this yeah and i bet they trust you because you look like dostoyevsky so. they probably see you and they're like oh he's trustable. well some people say i look like respites info doesn't necessarily work . so tell us on the what is your ultimate end and again do you want to prolong life or do you just want to eliminate death altogether well neither of those things really what i do is a medical research so i'm interested in keeping people healthy however long ago they were born that's all now of course most people die from being unhealthy for being sick and certainly most people these days in the developed world when they

get sick it's because they will go a long time ago it's because they're old so that means that if we fix that if we keep people healthy when they're older than on average they will probably live a lot longer than they currently do you know that's a side effect it's a really nice side effect i think you know life is valuable life is good but the fact is it's still a side effect so we shouldn't really be thinking in terms of longevity let alone you know immortality the goal here the goal is simply to keep people healthy same as it is for the whole of the rest of medicine all right we're going to take a short break right now and when we're back we'll continue talking to operate a brain anti-aging researcher chief science officer and co-founder of sense a research foundation discussing rejuvenation sarah face and the promise of everlasting genes stay with us.

good. mood. when i was childs seemed wrong on one old rule just don't call. me the world to get to shape our disdain you can stick adjectives and engagement equals betrayal. when so many find themselves worlds apart we choose to look for common ground the.

this is a sticker from the water bottle phone in the stomach of the fish the brand is part of the coca-cola company which sells millions of bottles of soda every day the idea was that let's tell consumers there are the bad ones there's a litter box for throwing this away industry should be blamed for all this waste to company has promised to reuse the plastic. on. the mountains of money only grow.

more bad. this research. research foundation talk about well in djibouti rejuvenation technology for the show so some are saying. silver tsunami of aging people is set to hit the global economy by 20 safety do you see any major rejuvenation solutions available by that time. i will go further i would say that absolutely this rejuvenation by technology is the only way that we are going to keep the ageing of the population from completely crippling the global economy already we're in a hugely problematic situation of course the difficulty is that the reason why we

have so many people who are. elderly now is because number one we are preventing them from dying young because we're really good now at curing infectious diseases and so on but also because they thought the types of thing that people get sick from later in life they are slowly progressive chronic problem so people don't die out once the way they do from typical infections they will continue to go gradually sicker and sicker and sicker and more and more expensive over time and so if everyone is doing that then of course the economic button is absolutely astronomical and yes absolutely the only way we're going to be able to fix this is with rejuvenation technologies as a result of which we will have of course far more older people chronologically old but far fewer sick people and therefore we will save a huge amount of money so will poor people be able to get access to this

rejuvenation therapy will it be affordable. oh yes and it will be affordable precisely because of my previous answer from the point of view of the government in any country you are look at whatever the political whatever whatever kind of country any country will be far more expensive to let people get sick just because they can't afford these therapies than to keep people healthy in other words they for peace will pay for themselves exactly exact mechanism of how this is done of course will vary from one country to another depending on whether they have private health care depending on whether you know it's a democracy or not but the ultimate logic will apply across the board the ferry piece will be enormously economically valuable and therefore it will be economically absolutely imperative for any country to ensure that everybody rich everybody who is old enough to need them gets them even if they can't afford to pay

for them themselves so let's say those in positions of power whether it's politicians or business models ghosts or rejuvenation therapy every couple of decades i mean they could just stay there forever never letting anyone new in their circle all of that number seriously what will the absence of the great equalizer do to the way our society is functioning. so of course i don't know precisely how the world is going to develop once we don't have aging anymore you know the world will be very different and a whole lot of ways because of people living longer people not getting sick people you know just being able to carry on contributing wealth to society maybe we will develop ways to incentivize people to step down and have new careers you know just make them pay higher taxes the longer they stay in the same job things like that you know there are a 1000000 ways to solve these problems we just another detail yet but we don't need

to know. so you don't think about how that's going to affect humanity in our societies coming up with something so groundbreaking as anti-aging medicine. let me be clear i certainly think about these things but i also recognize that i'm not an economist i'm not a politician normal to feel login you know i'm a biologist so all i'm doing is telling the people who are professional economists and so on what's going to happen and roughly how soon it's going to happen so they can do the job of figuring out how society should navigate that transition so like rerunning out of space on this planet already the this earth is overpopulated where will we all leave and how will we sustain ourselves i mean if we assume it won't be just a chosen few like you say and there will be enough rejuvenated people to make an impact. right that we have to look at what other technologies are coming along at

the moment you're quite right we already have the problem of other population that's why we have climate change but the solutions of that is not necessarily to have fewer people but rather to reduce the amount of pollution that people generates whether it's by. moving from fossil fuels to renewable energy or whether it's with artificial meats or whether it's with large scale desalination you know there are lots and lots of technologies that are already coming along and that coming along even without our society having really woken up to the problem of climate change just coming along because they're proving to be cheaper than the original alternative and those technologies are going to increase the carrying capacity of the planet's going to mean that we can have a lot more people on the planet with less environmental impact than we have today that's the way we need to think about this already the problem is being solved and

if you ask questions like how rapidly will the population rise as a result of the end of ageing the actual arithmetic is not particularly scary you know the moment we've got 7 and a half 1000000000 people people think by 2050 we might have 9000000000 or 10000000000 we certainly won't have more than 11 or 12000000000 even if we completely eliminate ageing tomorrow. so do you see people who know they will leave longer having fewer kids are a possibility that we're production could be less important in future will of course we're certainly saying today it's pretty much universal i think the only exception in the history of civilization is israel almost universally well and the country reaches a certain level of prosperity and female emancipation and education then the photos he writes goes down dramatically and there's a big thing that we need to take into account which is that. not only do women on

average have fewer kids but also they tend to have them later than they otherwise than they previously you. know because it's only a little bit lighter moment because very little pause exists in other words there's only so late you can go before you can have kids a tool and people want to have kids at some point but menopause is one of the things that's going to go away we're going to be able to make it safe. kids at any age so the 1st reaction to that may be that means that the average woman is going to have more kids in the top in their entire life because they're going to carry on having them but if we take into account this delay that we're seeing we can ask well ok this delay happened because women choosing to do other things with their life before they do this terribly time consuming thing of having kids. if they come but it's likely that on average they're going to do having their 1st kid by another

decade another decade or so actually we may even further reduce the rate of childbirth overall in the population so you've said that once the therapy has been made comprehensive you'll be able to choose your own age live like your biological 50 or like your 20 who will choose to be old that are old people going to disappear altogether. i certainly don't expect very many people will choose to be biologically old for obeying biologically old means your body isn't working for osa i mean if your mind isn't working for well so i believe that indeed we will have pretty much no biologically old people even though of course we will have a much greater number of chronologically old people. aging maybe it came to it is easy as you put it but it also is a personal experience and we would trust older people because they know what it's like to be frail to see things past their wives are less careless what an absence

of aging take away all that from society like a big part of it actually. this intended goal i don't see why people would. i don't see why people would become any less wise as a result of being healthier you know a 100 year old person who is still able to think of things they could when they were 30 is pro-drug going to be more able to make the most of that with them than 100 year old who ready is of the kind that we see today so what will renewing yourselves do to our memories our experiences i mean will those be flushed out or damaged as you clear the pathways of the brain of deaths else. certainly not in fact we can produce so the opposite of what we see dimentia today in alzheimer's disease is of course a loss of the ability to ready remember things and to recall things. but there is good evidence that the main reason for this is not that the memories are gone but

rather the system for retrieving memories is damaged so actually we may end up being able to have older people we have more memory of the past than later today. you're also working on a technology. preservation that will give people the option to have their bodies frozen in liquid nitrogen until the technology's there to bring them back to life how is this supposed to work i mean will this be like waking up after a really long sleep will the person's still with same. so 1st of all just to correct a little bit i don't actually don't actually work on that it sounds research foundation but certainly i'm a strong supporter of quality. so yes it will be very much like being in a deep sleep or coma for a long time. the whole idea is simply that. we ready revive

somebody we will do so out a point where we can repair the damage that caused them to become legally dead in the 1st place over i'm sure you know the definition of death the legal definition of death i've had to train. as medicine has improved and we have become able ready to repair and revive people who were previously thought to be on revival and this is just the next step in that process oh boy oh boy let's just wait and see thank you very much for this interesting insights into the prospects of immortality and longevity it was really interesting talking to you. we were talking to dr outbreak decree anti-aging pair and the chip science officer and co-founder of sands research foundation but his vision a world where he sees everlasting that's it for this edition of so thank you all see next time.

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karma let me at portrush. want to talk to you so if you're my it's your bonus for should be. there mr ellsworth support of the. spirit over there is this interview are you going to use to teach a student actually a person to revoke or should. just let them speak. and the big pain years in the process of started 10 years i think it's time to shake things up maybe change the branding maybe the format here is what i've been thinking about next season related episodes filmed on an island 10 experts fight it out for a trophy what do you think ok a more affordable option $25.00 text birds. and one red rose another suggestion geopolitical jeopardy parity no political cookout where we will

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waste the company has long promised to reuse the plastic. that soon. their plastic. session could object to funding. on i'm your best bet is the end of a footy team but for now the mountains of waste only grow. well you know the fire thing we've kind of adopted because we were called pirates for so long. i mean they're in this small ball it's next to the hard pool of ships and it's. not up to. the little self to big cold fish already 90 percent of it daryn got any ball in the collar.

contemplations coops $75.00 tons and they do it several times a day with a big clean collar you get an idea of why. we have to understand we can all stay still and just. be with them this will be deal more you. i'm doing this because i want them in the future world to future generations to have and enjoy the ocean we have. you know world big part of the lot and conspiracy it's time to wake up to dig deeper to hit the stories that made stream media refuses to tell more than ever we need to be smarter we need to stop slamming the door on the bath and

shouting past each other it's time for critical thinking it's time to fight for the middle for the truth the time is now for watching closely watching the hawks. u.s. immigration officials have been granted permission to use fake social media accounts to monitor people seeking to enter the country flying in the face of efforts to bridge online. profiles. i. know turns of germany party celebrates 2 of its best local election results yet for the n.t. immigration euro skeptics coming 2nd in both brandenburg and saxony. after a 2nd day of vigils and commemorations of the most.