the fear of unions and us has never ratified. but i think the us may be alone among major societies and their respect. it's considered so far out of the spectrum of american politics it literally has never been considered. for the leaders as a. very violent labor history as. society. but the labor movement had been very strong by the 1920 s. in the period not unlike today it was virtually crushed robert reich. buried. by the mincer is a beacon to reconstruct. for truth and when

a roosevelt he himself was rather sympathetic to progressive legislation that would be in the benefit of the general population but he had to get it passed so he informed labor leaders and others forced me to do it. what he meant is you can help demonstrate we're going to protest develop the labor movement. when the popular pressures fission and be able to control the legislation you know i am not for a we're. still last definition mammal of a day and hour when many. great people well being gradually a regiment in. friendly fields i prefer that broad definition. so there was a kind of combination of a sympathetic government. and by the mid thirty's very substantial activism.

there were industrial action there were the sit down strikes which were very frightening to. ownership. have to recognize a sit down strike is just one step before saying we don't need bush that we can run this by yourselves. and business was told to read the business press say in the late thirty's they were talking about to the hazard facing industrialists in the rising political power of the masses which has to be repressed things were on hold during the 2nd world war but immediately after the 2nd world war the business offensive began in force and test partly yak. yak. tourists start many quality in labor management relation. to mccarthyism was used for

a massive corporate propaganda offensives to attack union. increased sharply during the reagan years and reagan pretty much told the business world if you want to illegally break urbanizing efforts and strikes go ahead they are in violation of the law and if they do not report for work within 48 hours they have forfeited their jobs and will be terminated to continue the ninety's and of course with george w. bush went through the roof by now less than 7 percent of private sector workers have unions. the effect is that to the usual counterforce to an offensive or highly class conscious business class as does oath. if you're a. position of power you want to maintain class consciousness for yourself but all

limited everywhere else here back to the 19th century in the early days of the industrial revolution in the united states working people were very conscious of this they in fact overwhelmingly regarded the wage labor as not very different from slavery to a different only in that it was temporary effect of such a popular idea that was a slogan of the republican party. well that was a very sharp class consciousness in the interests of power and privilege it's good to drive those ideas out of people's heads you don't want them to know that they're an oppressed class so this is one of the few societies magicks don't talk about class in fact the national class is very simple who gives the orders who follows and that basically defines class it's more nuanced and complex but that's basically

it. the public relations industry the advertising industry which is dedicated to creating consumers it's a phenomenon developed in the freest countries in britain and the united states and the reason is pretty clear it became clear by a say a century ago that it was not going to be so easy to control the population by force too much freedom and one. labor going to sing parliamentary labor parties in many countries women started to get the french as and so on she had of other means of controlling people and it was understood and expressed they have to control them by control of. beliefs and attitudes well one of the best ways to control

people in terms of attitudes is what the great political economists they're stunned blind called fabricating consumers. if you can fabricate want to. make obtaining things that are just about within your reach the essence of life they're going to be trapped into becoming a consumer's. and you read the business press say 920 s. it talks about the need to direct people to the superficial things of life like fashionable consumption and that will keep them out of our hair. you find this doctrine all through progressive intellectual thought but walter lippmann the major progress of intellectual of the 20th century. he wrote famous progressive

essays on democracy in which his view is exactly that the public must be put in their place so that the responsible men can make decisions without interference from the be willed and heard. there to be spectators not participants then you get a properly functioning democracy straight back to madison on to the polls memory and so on and the advertising industry just exploded. with with this as its goal fabricating consumers. and it's done with great sophistication. many whilst down. as one of the last known while very singular. whom are aware of the kind. of the ideal is which actually seemed to did. we're let's see teenage girls they

have a free set or afternoon we'll go walking in a shopping mall. the library or somewhere else. the idea is to try to control everyone to turn the whole society into the perfect system. perfect system would be a society based on a diet of pair the pair is you and your television set or maybe now you in the internet. in which that presents you with would. the proper life would be with trying to gauge and you spend your time and effort to gaining those things which you don't need you don't want maybe to throw away. but that's the measure of a decent life. what we see is in say advertising on television if you've ever taken an economics course you know that markets are supposed to be based on informed consumers making rational choices well

if we had a system like that a market system in a television ad would consist of say general motors putting up information saying here's what we have for sale a somber an ad for a car is an ad for occurs in football hero you know an actress in the car doing some crazy thing like going up a mountain or something the point is to create uninformed consumers who will make irrational choices that's what advertising is all about. and when the same institutions p.r. . system runs elections they do it the same way. they want to create an uninformed electorate which will make irrational choices so often against their own interests and we see it every time one of these

extravaganzas take place. right after the election. president obama won an award from the advertising industry for the best marketing campaign and was reported here if you go to the international business press executives were euphoric they said we've been selling candidates marketing candidates like you know toothpaste ever since reagan and this is the greatest achievement we have i don't usually agree with therapy. but when she mocks the machine the hopi changey stuff she's right 1st of all obama didn't really promise anything and that's mostly illusion you go back to the campaign rhetoric and take a look at this very little discussion of policy issues and for very good reason because public opinion on poesy is sharply disconnected from what the 2 party leadership and their financial backers want. poesy more and more is

focused on the private interests that fund the campaigns. who is a public being marginalised. and we're going to fulfill your promises. to the people. you know we've all but the. 3. of you want to. know.

all. 5 i can link out my. heart is saying that i believe in the room and. my name mr o'mara and. i was fearless to die in prison by the explosion love my life. the case to grab some media attention and it's a shooting in a 16 year olds to 16 birthday party how exciting the place was how a lot of pressure channel closed the case. for news i mean just. like i know. you

know so far they are all for the sure don't want peace be with us that's all of the issues because i was standing right next. to me for is because you guys you know my main point is you know i'm 1617 years old so. this could lose monday night who's used plunder to spear the truth. for more than just. thrown out the truth. and. one of the things that i started to realize is that the noise in my head as it me i started to practice. organizing my why you are wrong and what i wanted my life to be up even when it conflicted with my internal noise so you know why are you i wrote a book but in my head i'm not smart enough people like me don't write books. but

what i held myself to was the action and i started to notice that i could co-exist with that while still living a life that went beyond that. others financial survival guide i don't find any i prize on if you. think almost friday that's the last of my ex in the future so crocker was. as for.

the leading political scientists martin guillen's came out with a study of the relation between public attitudes and that would mostly what he shows is that about 70 percent of the population has no way of influencing. they might as well be and some other country. and the population knows. what it's led to is a population that angry frustrated and i hate institutions. and it's not acting constructively to try to respond to this. there is popular mobilization and activism but in very self destructive directions. taking the form of unfocused anger attacks on one another and on vulnerable targets that's what happens in cases like this. it is corrosive of social

relations but that's the point the point is to make people to hate and fear each other and look at only for themselves and don't do anything for anyone else. one place you see it strikingly is on 15th. april 15th is going to measure the day if they are taxes of how democratic a society is a different. sleep deficit is really democratic april 15th would be a day of celebration it's a day when the population gets together decides to fund the programs and activities that they have formulated agreed upon which could be better than the solution celebrated the way it is needed state it's a day of mourning it's a day in which some alien power you know has nothing to do with you is coming down

to steal your hard earned money and you do everything you can they keep from doing . that is a kind of a measure of the extent to which at least in popular consciousness democracy is actually functioning. not her attractive picture. be the tendencies that we've been describing within american society unless there are versed it's going to be an extremely ugly society i'm a society that's based on adam smith's final maxim you know all for myself nothing for anyone else. associated in which normal human instincts an emotion of sympathy so of their debut

to a sport in which they're going driven out. that society so ugly i don't even know who'd want to live in it i wouldn't want my children to. give the society is based on control by private wealth it will reflect the values that in fact does reflect. a value that is green and that latin acts much. small game at the expense of others and the society has made a small society based on that principle is ugly but it can survive a global society based on that principle is headed for massive destruction. and i don't think we're smart enough to design in any detail what a perfectly just and free society would be like i think we can give some guidelines

and more significant we can ask how we can progress in that direction. john dewey the leading social philosopher in the late 20th century he argued that until all institutions production commerce. media unless they're all under participatory democratic control who we will not have a functioning democratic society. as he put it policy will be the shadow cast by business over a society. that's centrally true. where there are structures of authority domination and hire somebody gives the

orders somebody takes them as they are not self-justifying who they have to justify themselves and their burden to prove to me. will if you take a close look usually find they can justify themselves if they can we ought to be dismantling. trying to expand the domain of freedom and justice way dismantling that form of illegitimate authority. and in fact progress over the years we'll thankfully recognize as progress has been just that the way things change is because lots of people are working all the time and you know they're working in their communities in their workplace or wherever they happen to be and they're building up the basis for popular movements which are going to make changes and that's the way everything has ever happened in history. takes a freedom of speech. one of the real achievements of american society it's the 1st

in the world in that it's not the bill of rights it's time that the constitution and freedom of speech issues began to come to the supreme court in the early 20th century. the major contributions came in the 1960 s. one of the leading ones was a case involving the civil rights movement well but then you had a mass popular movement which was demanding rights. refusing to back down and in that context the supreme court did establish a pretty high standard freedom of speech or it takes a women's right women also began identifying oppressive structures refusing to accept them or he'd go their people to join with them will that's her right to return. to the trivial extent if also spent a lot of my life in activism camilla doesn't show up publicly but you know michelle

not terribly good at it and not the greatest organizer i think that we can see quite clearly some very very serious defect was an error. which are going to have to be corrected by operating out of. it is commonly accepted i think we're going to have to find new ways but it has. been the activists are people who have created the rights that we enjoy. in the army carrying out cosies based on information. nation that they're receiving we're also contributing to the understanding remembers are separate processes. to try to do things you learn you learn but with the world it's like that feeds back to the understanding of how to go on. there's huge opportunities it is a very free society still good for his world. government is very limited capacity

to coerce corporate business may try to coerce but there are mechanisms. so there's a lot to be done if people organise struggle for the right susan is done best and can win many victories. and. close friend for many years later howard zinn. to put it in his words that what matters is the countless small deeds of unknown people who lay the basis for the significant events that enter history. there's a ones who have done things in the past the angelus do it future. the

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bag just. her. in. the. in the troubled 19 seventies a group of killers rampage through parts of northern ireland that was coordinated loyalists attacks particularly on the population of belfast tens of thousands were forced to flee their homes and what was striking to put these attacks was that the r.u.c. the police actually took part in the attacks so instead of preventing it they were

active participants in the burning of coal streets in belfast at the time more than a 100 innocent civilians were murdered as the review can seniors and we found out more i was surprised about the extent and of the currents which think collusion was involved in some of those cases the killers would later be named into the now we're getting i think it went to the very very top i think if the photos cross the water where politicians you thought was going on and give the go ahead. one of the things that i started to realize is that the noise in my head as it me i started the practice of organizing my wife around what i wanted my life to be about even when it conflicted with my internal annoyance so you know why i wrote

a book but in my head i'm not smart enough people like me to write books. but what i held myself to it was the action and i started to notice that i could co-exist with that while still living a life that went beyond. all of us will hopes it has been absolutely true a base but say it's about having their peers even in deaf and blind babies even if you never heard of same love to you. if you are tickled by your parents. and then we learn how to use us in a more complex way i'm one of the things that we learn is to how to join in with love to contagiously to love and somebody else loves even if you don't know why they're laughing. this is this is a sticker from the water bottle found in the stomach of a fish the brand is part of the coca-cola company which sells millions of bottles of soda every day the idea was that let's tell consumers there are the bad ones

there the litter bugs are trying this way industry shouldn't be blamed for all this waste the company has long promised to reuse the plastic. excuse. that soon. their plastic. stay in your own hands at a special projects funded. on the i knew that is the end of it for the city but for now the mountains of moist only grow higher.

the. president signs into law a defense bill sanctioning russia's north train to gas pipeline ignoring germany's objection contractor all season pass a splendid work on the project because of the measure. russian officials reveal the identity of the gun man who killed 2 and injured 5 in a shooting at a federal security service building in central moscow we spoke to the father the attacker. lately he became very secretive and also got some kind of strange beast an accent he used to tell me that he liked shooting and even wanted to get some peace right big.