and they have got to observe the arms embargo because without external infusions of weaponry this fighting can't continue so the un track remains the only way forward the security council meeting it must unite but not just unite in words which is what they've done in the past but actually in deeds but far from. a arms and book the u.n. mission in libya is not leaving countries taking part in the summit we're sending it violence weaponry trucks and soldiers violating all the words we're hearing that's got to stop not getting on is in the pipeline will have continued since perlin yes but there must be a means of supervision set up by the un security council with the power to hold supplying countries to account and it is utterly unacceptable that u.a.e. aircraft should be bombing targets and killing civilians amongst others day after

day it's unacceptable that turkey should be sending troops in large quantities into the longest side of the u.n. they moved over to national accord stopped believe you have find it difficult to understand i mean is it a scramble for the oil resources the particularly valuable oil resources easy to refine geographically close to europe because why would people move the u.a.e. from dubai we invite the u.s. ambassador on to refute that their actions of these very global zinged libya but why are they involved egypt of course is closer why is turkey involved. well the u.a.e. and egypt are involved to prevent what they say is the danger of an islamist takeover of a strategically important country those is countries who didn't approve of what

happened when the arab peoples rose up at the end of 2010 and in 2011 and who have masterminded the backlash in country after country want to be sure that libya doesn't stay as they see it in an icky that is going to be exploited by islamists now choice i think porton limited it is an important vision but is limited we don't have and never have had majority support in libya ok but they have now there's a syrian question isn't there because reputedly move of course britain has failed to overthrow the government of president as sort of syria there were allegations of ties between britain and islam mr groups to overthrow the syrian government reports of them coming or mass into libya in which case after as a poet and his allies. well i don't think those allegations of ties between the u.k. and islamist forces are correct certainly we did support the free syrian army believe

in the we. gave our moral support to a revolution in syria but didn't give it the material support to enable it wherever they break the allegation that there were links i haven't seen that ok but i mean what about the threat of isis to al-qaeda than in libya which actually justify have those claims against the weakness if it doesn't justify a continued civil war because the un supported government led by prime ministers iraq has just as much of a reason to combat islamist extremism and to work for a stable government as have to our does it's not a valid reason for the civil war which after as has fomented i mean you're a diplomat how is it that this u.n. entity the government of national accord which then therefore de facto has the support of turkey and the u.a.e.

and front. by virtue of it being a un mandated body is also being defacto attacked by or the allegations are by by those countries well this is a problem of the growth of international disorder since the invasion of iraq in 2003 which i think history will share was a seminal moment in the years since then many different countries have sought to be active across their borders and to assert their influence to supply weaponry to support proxy forces when they think that such action will prevent worse consequences for their interests finally on libya than did david cameron in libya doing essentially what tony blair did in iraq that bomb the country overthrew the government written run france the united states the other countries involved in supporting the libyan rebellion in 2011 took a chance they believed that the consequences of not acting could have been mass

civilian casualties they thought that if the story. support for ideas of freedom and self-determination meant anything they should mean supporting the request from the arab world from libyans themselves for support for the overthrow of qaddafi now the 2 reasons why the post revolutionary victory stabilisation didn't work was 1st that the countries that had been involved in the armed campaign had no position on the ground to assist with the necessary civilian reconstruction of institutions that was necessary to achieve stability but the underlying reason for that was that the libyans themselves were very reluctant to accept foreign assistance on the ground that is disputed was abraham good to have his spokesperson who in fact this

program to the 1st interview since the overthrow of get every with him he said the whole objective of u.k. bombing was destabilize libya that africa's richest recovery country was evaded african currency this is a completely different to the arguments given by david cameron by the british government and in fact after relies on the so-called green resistance who so was abrams. they are aligned with safeguard afy he said they if anything a been signed in berlin that would have been it for after the green resistance would no longer support there was no struggle for libya's natural resources involved in the decisions of the french and british governments at the time to intervene in the libyan revolution oil didn't come into it i don't believe it was about assisting the libyan people to establish stability on the basis of

a different and better constitution what was your reaction as a former ambassador to iran. when you heard that because it was really money the top general of the islamic republic had been assassinated american drone strike it is backed by the british government that action concern that it was based on half truths that money wasn't actually engaged in imminent attacks on american facilities you don't really remember says well that states at the time and subsequently has not been able to provide any evidence of the necessary test for preemptive military action necessary i'll give him you know it's a good time needs to be secret they could have given it to congress and the congressman described the intelligence briefing as the worst one they'd ever received secondly fear that there would be an uncontrollable series of consequences from inevitable iranian retaliation for the attack 3rd

concern that the united states didn't have a strategy for pacifying the gulf for moving from the present high state of tension and the destruction willfully and unnecessary and illegally of the iranian nuclear agreement towards some new arrangement which they claim to want but have never sought any practical detail negotiations to achieve so all these were going through the mine or anybody concerned for peace and stability in the region but it remains a world of pressure presumably on the boards or on some government head of or perhaps u.s. u.k. trade deal when it comes to u.k. support for the end of the jays e.p.o. . no i think the british government will stick with the j.c. . they need european sympathy and support for the more important to go see

a ship which is the one that's about to start on britain's long term trading and security relationship with the european union there are many pressures on british relations with the united states and iran policy is one of them well russia india china all good relations with iran what did you make of the the evidence for a reproach war between saudi arabia and iran and the letter that because it was really money had been carrying surely in the foreign office when you were there you it was a nightmare scenario at least to many people who suspect in the global south that nato policy is to divide and rule certainly not nervy what president obama said expresses the view that we all have which is that saudi arabia and iran need to find modus vivendi in which each respects the legitimate interests of the other now

that means defining what legitimate interests are and that requires diplomacy so. it was indeed the case as the prime minister of iraq has said that gen silliman he had a message in his pocket now exactly what the message was hasn't been declared and that must be right and proper because it will have been extremely sensitive it could have been about avoiding unnecessary competition between them in iraq it could have been about a framework for settling the wide range of issues on which iran and iraq disagree or it could have been about the immediate problem in yemen which saudi arabia had. which is that it is no nearer achieving stability after this appalling bombing campaign that it has conducted well who knows boeing it's a reset in the world was humanitarian crisis when the british actually just finally

and briefly given that you were also of course palestine's ambassador kind of pompei was in town surely he might be telling the british government the kind of criticisms you're making of the trump administration unfounded this is a deal of the century being worked out in washington i know the palestinians have threatened to withdraw from the oslo accords that they are keen on trying to create a peaceful world the trouble with this race when it's not a deal i mean to call it a deal is simply ludicrous it's a unilateral proposals that the american administration in consultation with israel considers should resolve the question so it's not a negotiation that the united states is engaged in because it has totally alienated one side of the negotiation and the palestinian one sort of little thank you thank

you after the break he's proved he can walk the walk but can he go for an artist story about cruickshank on his new book exploring the history of london and its architecture when you meant leading the british imperial wars and the moneyed cultural bulldozes of property developers baltimore can have a part to have going underground. my. kids think compensate. tonight. and see if.

they can. go into. the what i did. and show that the moon disc is a on the stand in front of it in so. it's not because i was it is a. it's a millions. during the great depression which i'm old enough to remember that it was most of my family were employed. and it wasn't it was bed you know much worse objective listen today but there was an expectation of the things were going to get better. there was

a real sense of hopefulness there isn't today today's america where shape by the 10 principles of concentration of wealth and power. reduced democracy attack solo debt engineer elections manufacture consent and other principles according to no i'm jones to one set of rules for the rich opposite several sure. that's what happens when you put her into the hands of narrow sector of wilf which will is dedicated to increasing power for chills just as you'd expect one of the most influential intellectuals of our time speaks about the modern civilization of america. welcome back time cons even take for broken big ben as question marks hang over

boris johnson's attempt to get the bell ringing for bricks in 48 hours time breaking the silence there is author of architectural historian dunn cruickshank whose new book shanks london a portrait of a city in 13 walks tells us why we should fight for buildings he joins me now dan welcome back to going underground so you've been writing about london for getting on to half a century. what i mean why now a portrayed of a city and walks have happened some time i just felt. i want to tell papa that story. you have had your differences in the bus with the robbers of ours johnson over the development of your home area in london spital fields area but arguably this book shows your own side when it comes to the importance of the identity of the palace of westminster and big bad bird johnson of course sees the big banners ringing out the it's not leaving the european union but leaving

political responsibility in the european union although were subject to regulations from i am alarmed to say i do maybe i'm with him on one thing as mayor of london he was he was a difficult character should be sent and certainly in spital fields and elsewhere would occasions many use the powers of the med he inherited look incredible to overturn democratic decisions to happen twice and pitiful big benecol i did that caused britain to get a. yes treatment in this and is of course entirely fantastic in moving the old united to say that all beauty but chimes of freedom in the bell big ben in the list but how has that as a critical moment marked the voice i suppose of independence voices or positions that is so new the 2nd world war 2 totalitarian regimes is it's a visibly it's a big deal for me that eric symbol i want to get on to the bell in a 2nd but just tell me how you investigate how for instance why people bowed to the

speaker's chair in the house of commons it all relates to this very long oh what a mystical is a wonderfully english british what became the chamber of the house of commons wilson stephen chappell. of 13th century 13th century modeled on rochelle in periscope role chapel and at the reformation the palace was give not by henry 8 but by his son to parliament to do and they did and the. chapel became very thin chamber yet the rituals of a chapel were retained the 16th the sort of look at a total c.t. of left in life face each other across the open space retained in that and the speaker took the place of the high altar and it's a says it's that it's a wonderful english is idea that the ritual of one building on the full one building for. attaway transforms the other and that and then that which will become part and parcel of democratic life the vase i say on on can ship before the river

before the river as just smooth transition because of course it has its detractors as great a fake building if the fake cough they get was rebuilt after the my you talk about the reveal the author of the authentic big turin gothic alofa far out it was an idea that should be designed in a british manner and in $830.00 the idea the british star was what's called gothic and they also believe those structures appear to the castle to a statement about using a traditional architecture to make a modern building for the modern time and again after the blitz you talk about available yet the chambers was all about it knowledgeable to recreate as i said in terms of but they had a choice they could have done something there it's important actors in the role of occupation have the memory identity and pride and there's no question that that it was necessary to write the great wall of the of house of commons of being one of nazis to rebuild as if it hadn't happened so many districts analyze in this book

but arguably there is a thread of class war throughout the book but it's always economics it's always. rich developers and so on. the foundry that forged the big ben the bell the morris jobs and once to ring for the bricks of. i the sun is to me shed will do a turn into a posh hotel yet it is such an emblematic story i mean it is but watchable bell foundry in march is its. oldest or more wasn't until a couple years ago been odes continues for operational business and if it were going concern told the family who do it inherited business in the early twenties entry they sold it that they had the right to do that that's fine majority sad but they brought that it was sold. but the local dismay because it was part and parcel of pride i can still watch because london's great business going beautiful set of

1820 buildings local employment and it was a place known around the world people in philadelphia big big bens one in many important bell had been made a traditional liberty bell in for the old obsolete for the us constitution forged and that that the simple idea was that. was it truly beyond saving as a business making bells and that's kind of the that's the grassroots of the opposition people feel the best use for his doorbell found making bells we are told by the people of acquired it ultimately was a manhunt a public company that is their business future making bowls and they want to make a large part of it into a pretty could be pretty photo op but keeping the target is a captive problem not talk up your master mission of dora buildings but whether one not one requires a boutique hotel next to these on the most for example on my chapel as opposed to a work in going business making bells if i keep that brilliant another pretty tell

ok maybe even a photo. for what i'll do in hamster the north london suburb if anyone thinks it's a new this kind of gentrification or whatever tell me about the extraordinary attempts to completely annihilate him 38th those who know hands of teeth will no doubt think understandably forgivingly is on. board. north of london and it is such and it an attractive people like him conspired 99 percent of painting was wild terrain. in the city dump in fact a lot of what you now see and experience of hunters quite new woods to wildness it's kind of all my trying to center before that the world of the trees marking still boundaries and is up for grabs and in your. 19th century large large part and by family in maryland will see them and he wanted to develop it. a large chunk of

the heath houses and it was a vast opposition on a great one the 1st big popular campaigns to save the open space in the end thank goodness the. sense prevailed and it will say it was the 20 or 30 years all hands to that of a large chunk with under the under threat of being turned into streets and so on to of course the unintended consequences of up capital is property development. quite amusing when it comes to notting hill gate is actually running of probably more known around the world because of film and. just explain how that whole area as it presently is was in the design actually you don't kow ok i think one thing general polan point to make about london is work of our city built on the snow by speculators from the great foreign 16 seconds that's how london was made by the mazak individual states putting money into bricks and mortar and by chance creating

exemplary and wonderful bits of city and not ok was a great example of that in quite later in the 1st of the 19th century various estates thought they could make money by expanding transforming their farmland into how old is grand houses and all went horribly wrong. and these believe these great as dates found that the london the demand was quite what they anticipated and those streets were laid out in zones of all the. pieces are so you noted they're not ok there is a wonderful example of them and bishan for you down and then other other other other other models used to riding a medical mission picked up again and what you've got around of a laboratory and for the terrific aside from the probably speculation when the government does come in they come in arguably for him p. . aerial celebration you talk about trafalgar square and there's a lot of debate actually now on about the tearing down of statue e.-l.

nearly 9 since it was his notion to greatest triumph route through london for the nigger ultimately a new square have to be made carved out and that becomes trafalgar square and fox where is carved to make this weird and wonderful very an english a triumphal space to tell of a victory military victory there is talk of these statues charles gordon from sudan charles napier around the square know his abilities queso the statues all military heroes who citizenry have a long way in the mutiny to no money for nelson's call reagan walk up stupid that. didn't the money the prince 10 she had misread it talk about the tower of london much earlier in london being used very much for propaganda purposes the norms of the understand quite how the how the whole of controller of their compas is based building fortresses bottom bail you have around the country hold you hold the train

through fortifications and the tower is a great example he who control tower hill controls the thames who controls the thames will control london it is a speak statement a palatial off the norm of the here to stay. given there are demonstrations in paris every other week every single week there been going on housing design paris there were a lot of talk about how they didn't want another french revolution well no design plans are all that much more possible here than a little more organic development as a. pop part of the region 3 creation of jewish 4th meeting trenches will is a military big or mental road always had his 2nd row of the military drought rush rush milegi or militias or armed troops of places that were ruled he may find use of under threat of course black berries i was you know is quite similar to resign. concerns of course are air quality mass killing if you believe this it is ticks of particular pollution but the river itself the reason why london is here is the

river london is a river city and of the forget that partly because of the billions of jews it better to do as you did the batmen the 18 sixty's and seventy's. which was a brilliant idea if you build out river you create gardens you create road you trade places with tubes and telegraphs and sewers i because it had a terrible role of cutting london off from its river but ironically because climate change which is i know very long to get a living from put the thames barrier in climate change because the irony could be that the river could be the death of london is gloomy i mean there are many i mean as i say you know london like all live in cities is about changes on the underlying fear is one contemplates on the now not just is a continuation of the division change but now changes so far and rapid and absolute in its nature that the animal the beast could do that as i did london did that that

the alarm the very writing about it beautiful things still. threatened with a fate if the judge the many levels of threat not justice of gale of return of high rise in the city and so on but you know business rates and the capsule of it of enterprise and business and certain level or just finally have got to us that. you talk a lot about the culture of this country being in these streets when you heard donald trump tweeting about the destruction of iran's culture a nod to the kind of work you as an architectural historian do well not understand that most people trump tower memes one told so many. terrifying things on this character so that that response i never ever in my life could have believed a present of the united states could talk about the destruction of culture like that. a good will to hitler in the 2nd world war zones of all but of course just

reminded 100 pour over his like islamic state attacked culture. years ago. and so on because culture is what gives people project engines of the mirror. and so it just reminds of mormon cult said that how important is is recognizing history and memory is all important to find people i don't see the problems on to feel that sense it was predictable if you want to undermine iran you destroy his memories do it privately do that the destroying its culture brutal beastly. but understand which is i have a mind why it's worth $84.00 building. thank you and that of the show where we buy guns out of a special marking the beginning of the u.k.'s departure from the european union until they can be taught by social media and don't forget to subscribe to our you tube channel.

i actually don't think monopolies per se are the problem it's monopolistic access that monopolies have to credit what politicians and public but with the crony financial ism crony capitalism that's the big problem. in.

don thompson deal of the said she responds outrage protests across the middle east claims the proposed road map to the israel palestine conflict only favors television. while the palestinian leadership spurns terms plan calling it the slap of the century the us ambassador to israel has made it clear the palestinian viewpoint is not something that will be taken into account. it doesn't matter what the palestinians say we're going to keep this open for them for 4 years that's what we want. and another week another protest unions are back on the streets of paris still angry at president mattress pension reform plans are a spillover into violence in the french camp.