because you have. to begin to think of me in your computer are. accurate to accurate or. continuous selfie racing each other. as a coronavirus condemning continues to heap record numbers trials after a glimmer of hope but on the odds of being devoured before it causes even more to stay she said about this with microbiology stuck to and help you until his last actual bank technology is working on a colleague 19 basle. that you have to take

microbiology as head of our society college and working on a code 19 vaccine oh well that's so many questions for you dr can take had welcome to our show thank you very much for inviting me and a pleasure to talk to you why is it your lab is using east sounds to grow and to chance an atom 18 response to current in our bodies if i understand it correctly what are the advantages of this ecology as opposed to others. have all this technology in the market for what dictates already to use vaccines so i'm sure you may know about it because b. vaccine human pepito might exceed. just 2 examples all 16 in the market. as i was like. i was like because i kind of why was dummies and t. virus shells use. as an active ingredient for excellence and we have

adapted this platform to produce new vaccines and the most recent candidate his candidate against over 1000 well he has a set to 10 years and in fact i am saying that seen by now i'm being. told that pressure that i have i heard a virus in may of the air for the majority of people getting shot next year. how to stick a head is really sad and i think technically speaking. people in the position to develop a candidate on the short term so we started in april we are pretty much advanced right now we have cell line using banks and. we have the process know how that's not the sign limiting step. took 510 years in the process.

is more regulatory aspect of getting out for dr truth all the market getting it can cook trials getting it to clinical trials having me long to prove. vaccine it's an asian effect of protection against a disease and that is what people are right now talking about to cut down to get the approval in a much faster way so that a vaccine is available in the market the question then we maintain is is it actually if. so bad as to say there's a press a necessity exene can you make that faster. principally technically speaking yes people can do the production of a vaccine candidate was more on genetics to stay in reasonably short time and we see this with the m on a vaccine candidate. which can be a way to foster good use we have the know how to do this virus like because you

know you so in a couple of weeks you know in a few months but then it's about a test and you're saying manufacturing and testing it and human ok so from what i understand human clinical trials are the most time consuming face of a saint can't he make partials people and they are a bit different stages of a bout and side back and so that's one less of this may take years this family absolutely can't buy her the crucial face compromising the safety of that saying. i don't think it's compromising on the safety safety is a 1st of all of cause must it has to be safe before you can administer to humans even see them on c s n p i could try that so that what comes 1st is a creature like a test assessing the safety and the initial immune response in animals what comes next is the 1st trial in human when you just go for detecting if you

develop the wide new nonce if you develop antibodies against the guy was this case over 91 remains open and will remain open for quite some time if you develop a long lasting immune response to which it takes you not only for a few weeks but maybe for years against this disease so this is those still take time before we can be us to show up at a covert $9000.00 vaccine in yeah it takes us for many many years. but what about the harm they can do there's a post protecting because we're talking right now here is that period of time i will make it in can you call it 19 what i have that could be that seeing that with passe prof play on humans could be dangerous for human eggs that we that this case where i think they simply made it seem infected some 40000 people with polio

like 200. yeah we have to to be very clear about what kind of exene we are talking about if you talk about a vaccine which is an inactivated guy was which could theoretically be also contaminated with still alive and infectious viruses then you are right that could be a danger if safety is not. sufficiently. if we talk about them on a vaccines probably know how to humans not to be have to know those kind of fixin's so far not in the market for any kind of human vaccine so with that 19 m. on a vaccine would be the 1st of its kind. in the market if it comes to maturity and the next seems like i was like particles again we use an approach which is so to say the backbone is the same as it is applied for i have but it is be vaccine so

we know about the safety of the production organism and we know about the safety of the approach we do not use anything which is infectious at all so the whisky is really minimal and you do of course again assess it intrigued and go drawings and 1st of all then small who all football and ts in the phase one trial which you do for every chunk of some research go to new product. so here's another thing when i say my hair survive human clinical trials it's very to be safer he's saying out to french people have different immune responses to the carotid virus itself some are saying how to function others not having noticing they were say did you know will have a different reaction to the color of the phoenix. they will they will and as people have been generally for each and every vaccine you will always have numbers on

those who do not develop protect if immune response then you may have to develop a 2nd generation but seem to overcome those communities one was on those so that they get protected as well so surely you will have this for 19 again you have the same 4 through vaccine for virtually every trying to fix it. there's no 100 percent guarantee yet others and some decent economy gambling for some people this fastener no definitely not the worst it can do that people do not get protected that do not develop the immune response to. those so hopefully only a few percentage of people will of course because they'll be at risk to get infected risk over 90 and develop symptoms which then have to be treated and folks we have medicines to to treat them and they're going to go away but the vaccine

itself for sure would not be. home 40. well that's that's a reassuring for to hear advice clear that nobody has hours how much exactly a shot against 19 real costs but the time to prize and across the scandalous what are your suggestions. well we know that again back to the example of hepatitis b. vaccine that we have most of all know how experience because again this this vaccine is manufactured in the mid ninety's. you can no produce it at a cost of less 'd than $1.00. what you. so that can be really affordable and if you can do this and large amounts. i have to admit that for the cost manufacturing costs fall on and on

a base that scene i'm not familiar with this technology what it's about the manufacturing costs what could be the calculated cost for this $1.00 is shouldn't be too much in my expectation but it's again it's a new product that may have other risk factors associated to production and you have to take care boded a farmer approach i think we can guarantee it will be affordable we do the license . sort out for emerging market countries like vietnam thailand indonesia india oh there's enormous price pressure on this product. that i've seen no make sense if everybody can have it right i mean they are excellent and her 19 maybe should be free but we have 3 lessons against collier himself and can't keep the role of the 4 and. i think it is it is a general. go for all governments to to come to.

yes solution to provide it to their population at least and a follower because or even for free that's depending on the different individual health systems in each country but you're right it's definitely something to be talked about which is not a lecture we program we have only a few trevor last may want to get vaccinated and. if you want to overcome the good old were strictures travel restrictions the economy was twitching then we have to have a go go back scene there on a different question comes into play the system all could do it free or close to frame a scene where we go for it because everything goes and you are now investing again all these biotechs and hearing problems and making the final product acceptable and once you have a final product that positive force you give it out to the next so nothing.

well we have to look on the industry for using it in manufacturing it and they at least have to to get some which wrong because of the development costs and even manufacturing costs so of course the company cannot afford to to give it out for free but it's because government supranational organization like the w.h.o. can and the nominal pressure to give it out for i don't want to call costs and they can subsidize it so that it is either fleet was delivered today on a pure lation or at least at affordable cost if i look at the situation of next the nation he we have every season the new flu. spread to new i was typed in you don't you axeman and looking at the german situation this is of course you have to pay for it but it's at affordable cost. the same situation definitely will be and

that's what we recognize also in our discussions with workers entity of different nations even and our industry. has a lot of awareness that it has to be affordable even the vaccine industry is committed to produce it and sell it at affordable costs that are countable nation right now well and that will continue talking about well i wouldn't expect that. 19 pedantic stay with us. join me every thursday on the all excitement and i'll be speaking to give us the

world of politics sports business i'm sure. i'll see you then. small seemed wrong all right old bulls just don't call. me old yet to shape our disdain comes to educate and in games from an equal betrayal. when so many find themselves worlds apart we choose to look for common ground.

and we rattled off and had p.r. take my paralysis and had over the last i had his bank working right on 19 vaccine. there is a question of quantity right to stay here as a fact of the scene that is sad put it into pandemic with as a herd immunity but that said it was 5 feeling people to get a shot at making we as humans print dean says there was 5000000 doses. so maybe yes because many many countries do have their own vaccine manufacturing capability is likely we are in a situation where a lot of great scenes are on the market as you know in the example 'd if you ask and you only and you the flu vaccine you have appetite is even exceeding exceeding military have exceeded whatever and you have in many many different places all over

the world. manufacturing sites is an enormous capacity and of course it has to be combined efforts to have this vailable to produce a covert 19th accedes and i'm sure there will be many different at the end of the day and even the end on a technology may be able to deliver on a shock enormous amount of those. but i'm dating him lately do you have several different times all of us seen in different parts of the world and supplies was only limited as a certain point or will there be a danger of reacher countries hoarding like same's at the expense of countries with worse logistics and less money. you know when i remember the situation with the master is that it makes you think of think of the worse because this is like a ready simple thing today that it's not technologically athan fact is making and

seeing and when i think of the maturation genes and how like people where trying to overtake the math supplies for themselves and instead of like sort of getting out to everyone and thinking what's going to happen with that scene later i have. because i think that's that's a very valid comment and question and we be all have to be away i. want to take to take care about our responsibility also. if we look ahead to if you want to go back to some kind of normal we need to kind of as you said you know what immunity all lexy nation whatsoever so it doesn't help. germany to have our country protected because that still will avoid that if you become traveling to all places and the global economy would get affected we have to change

it also under developed countries to make technologies affordable so beyond discussion with countries and that in america for example in south asia to bring gross was to them in effect sharing sites so that the local government and the local exim in effect sure 'd can take care of their country about their region to to live out their backs into this going forward. i'm sure of course i mean it's natural that the european us through us you may seem ineffectual has a responsibility to take in the 1st order of the own population and that's what people of course expect but again it's a global pandemic so if we leave the rest of the wood 'd unprotected we still will not have a free flow of people travel economy where else and so on then you may remember that like and 2009 i was lying full right when the outbreak happened i

straddle how many with the 1st snake in that scene and the baron they have available oh i just carry this united states citizens and canada in the same thing death that me by the fact that the world leaders are saying about this being a global interest sex thing nationalism most don't sort of prevail. no i don't think that in this situation we have now it's different to what we had in 2009 we had small quakes which were shared in different regions and was not spread so broadly. we now have a situation where of course people and governments every politician is speaking for his country to to give his. population the. image baby take care of all of them but again at the end of the day it's

a blow itself and also the industry will take care about getting back to normal that has an interest from everybody. concerned in this in this ways for vaccine to to give it to everybody. it's a difference it's beijing then we had with other diseases some of our critics say i agree at this point and it's like asking a precedented bear 150 groups around the we're all trying to make a vaccine and i keep hearing this team still needs data from another team that still fresh that our scientists will surely develop device in fact today scientists there next hour and so tell me as sauer who is actually developing at scene why can't all these $150.00 groups make their vaccine project out accessible to each other and work together and what are the pitfalls to that. it's not a pitfall i think it's a good that these different groups of work on different solutions it's not all

the same and nobody knows what will be the one solution to the problem. the best chance we have is that we have these minute you're working on the individual comfort sensitive competencies technologies and and combining their strengths and the approaches will help us to get a solution in a shorter time and again at a for the coast and for a. number of population. you may be in the moment there's a lot of focus on them on a vaccine they have a fuss and some most progress to banks in approach but still nobody knows if it at the end of the date when the solution to all the problems so we can be lucky in that we have this 150 groups and within these groups so there's a lot of exchange i've never experienced this amount of open exchange between

research just as we do have these days. so that bad from what you're saying does the same call that same race even exists outside of the political discourse and political politicians talk about that a lot but for someone in the process are you glad in actual race to get there 1st with your colleagues. no it's not about be the 1st we need to foster solution that is why everybody is rushing and hurrying up to be all for a solution as soon as possible. as to be discussed there will be billions of people to be vaccinated so he needs several approaches and we need several manufacturing sites worldwide so i'm sure this time also number 5 number 10 and the race and the so-called ways 'd will be very successful

and recognize and it would be again can be glad that he will have a number of solutions at the end of the day off that. it's not always about the being the most and the u.s. has lost the market that's not about it. yeah maybe still too early to chat but there are concerns that go with your current house and may not be long lasting in me what about that scene and kayla saying how far how can possibly craft passion no no we can't and that's the one open question. on no results coming up one by one that there will be certain bechstein approaches. in the induction of the so-called t. cell which is inducing a memory was memory we respond so that your body remembers that it has seen this is

what i was and develops and in doing the next infection the antibodies fossum without being again back see needed so these are the 1st indications but it's not a proof the proof will be once the short arcs once a back seems on the market and then over a period of years you would see if people are really protected for a long time that's well what we cannot predict tried not all we can do some but will it is done is making some educated guess on it but we cannot be sure. this is listening ologies best time there and that a palace of peace is where sashing very likely. does exist and prays reactions to the virus where more film i have then i relented instead could it be that the world is majorly overreacting to the threat posed by the virus.

then discussions about that for example also children do not react so strongly to cooperate in that infection because they are basically infected every day every week by another kind of virus another through guy was in the maybe another crew and the guy was. maybe just something else so they have a very active immune system which may have to protect them against a covert 1000 bucks in 1000 virus infections sorry and so yes it can be that there is a general immunogenicity against soviet 19 back seen in some parts of the world also that they have differences in different countries and there may be a reason that kind of background immunity is sometimes stronger in certain populations protecting also against over 90. south around that land the cold virus this line

may not survive the summer that best federally anyway care when and where it supposedly a new form of cholera likely to see you know what if. we will we will have to honestly we will have to wait and see what's happening in the next fall if we are lucky the covert 90 mile way will disappear like a flu outbreak i remember 2 years ago when in germany we had a 26 the flu outbreak was more than we have up to now you 'd have to cover it. and the next year we had a new flu guy was draws less aggressive and to be have grown of virus all the time it's not something which is holding up usually it's an old virus it's just that this year we have a very aggressive form and again maybe if you're lucky that it is wrong

disappears and we have to get a less aggressive current if i was in the next winter it may as well be that it's just stains and we will have to deal with it for a long time and that's again why we have to we have to now develop a vaccine against this type of virus we had. a couple of years ago. and we may have done better if the looking at that time already of very efficient specs and no f.-l. cost to be better prepared for could not get the can take good luck with that for the sake of allah last i really hope it's going to be out there sooner rather than later take care of yourself be safe and thank you for all your work and preference you're doing for us my pleasure thank you for you interest where the good wishes

and they are all the best. all of you and. bring us all together. thank you. ah no team no crowd. no shots no. action is about speak up. when the well struck nova peris 12. points your thirst for action.

the sudden false and illegal takeover of a government by a small group. so rather than revolutionaries or soldiers conduct small group the corporations when you have a tiny group of people who have all the power you have to have some means to make sure the rest of us don't get together and talk about. leisure sacrifice some places that capitalism exploited and destroyed for profit and left behind misery poverty environmental devastation and so you see things like voter suppression building more prisons you seem gerrymandering all sorts of undemocratic practices were well into that world for well into the fullest world and there's no question that the coup d'etat has.

hello and welcome to cross talk where all things are considered i'm peter lavelle u.s. secretary of state might pump a.o.p. is on a mission he claims the world must change china or china will change us how should we interpret this a cold war to be waged against beijing this is also imply or regime change china is certainly a major global competitor but is that now our enemy. because

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