between 8 german schools insistence on being spoken and respect for the languages of the many different groups that make up. peter all of. the headlines stories this something that just before you go i want to show you martyrs square in beirut the lebanese capital i want is happening there right now the government following choose the deadly explosion has broken out in protest in the center of the city this is life footage from the capital all the details when we return at the top of the hour this is international.

in august 9452 atomic bombs were dropped on the japanese cities of hiroshima and nagasaki. to this day opinion remains divided as to the real reason behind america's decision to use nuclear weapons but with no possible military justification for dropping a bomb i have no question that there were those in the u.s. military who pursued the next and so here in the planning in october of 1945 had chosen 20 targets in russia in the 70 years since the bombings of hiroshima and nagasaki countless books and films have off the many just occasions for and arguments against dropping the avons however declassified documents give weight to the arguments that the bombs were dropped not so it's a military necessity to intimidate the soviet union.

the 1st ever atomic bomb to be used in wall was in the city if there is steam on the 6th of august 945 well over 100000 citizens were killed those in the hype a sense of what instantly turned into dust while countless others died from the burns and high dose of radiation they received. over $50000.00 survivors. still live in the city each one of them has their own story to tell of the day the bomb fell and i was on my way to meet one. which.

so i mean if you are. to go have. cimatron just get moving around for more messages. she's saying this is. a dream or a snake. she says it's the i'm not going there ok i sound. on a sound not happening to us. barra was just a 13 year old schoolgirl that day and as i was about to find out recalling those events hasn't become any easier even after 70 years and. care that they were not there this shell that said i knew her. cause only this guy are. now closer than a semi that would never pass. the media so that the big.

state got caught in any market there is so little class and when the mossad arson. and you go there. or how do you have to clear them. with that though that's going. poorly dell that they can reach their bill hugo i gave and it's so real. no. i said. it's. clear that there are no go as they were. going to call me. which. issue. there. the best of them.

so you must donate. their rights to material. then they are issues. to me. i was happy to work we had been in a long war we had been attacked by the japanese the japanese people were not nice people when i was there. the policy of the united states government at that time was to subdue the nation of japan. and i was willing to do anything i could do to help that. it was president's harry s. truman who made the decision to drop the atomic bomb he'd only been in office for a little under 4 months. a short time ago an american arab by in dropped

one on hiroshima and destroyed its usefulness to the enemy where this we have added a new and revolutionary increase in destruction what has been done is the greatest achievement of irgun i in science in history. here you know the grandson like of the president who decided to drop the bomb on hiroshima and nagasaki i think is going to see the legacy of. ronnie more things he bought into the ground us drop the bomb we still 'd use the thousands of japanese people they build it up lacey so it was time to have your life because. of course i have to see i was kind of decisions fit his personal life as i told you was the war the job of all please be enjoyed to this day because. to be a. teacher so yeah my wife calling us from the poison source says

this must be done just you know. yeah you know just to move away. from that is what it is. some of it is real it is managed. if you feel you have in your relationship with your grandfather. going to get going sometimes that you. you know you know and also you sociate sex i don't mean oh yeah no no no no no i know i understand completely when i was a kid yeah very annoying sometimes because you're a teenager and you're trying to figure out who you are you know and and what you turn out to be for a lot of people as an adjunct to somebody else so they you know your grandfather was wonderful and i will i remember your grandfather and yeah yeah yeah. you know thanks. as i've gotten older know it's you know there's a legacy yeah and. you do with it what you can there's

a legacy to kind of boy oh i could have. chose not to yeah i when i was in my late thirty's i kind of rediscovered my grandfather as a human being i mean i you know the history is always there. with a sense of victory in the dollars we're already looking forward to a post-war world by the polls done conference on the 18th of july $945.00. american relations have been fairly good under roosevelt truman was an unknown quantity to stalin and this meeting marks a turning point in relations between the allies. truman at potsdam did indicate to stalin that we had a new weapon he did not specify what it was and he believed that stalin did not know and stalin's response was nonchalant which was well i hope you used to go to. to ghent the the enemy what we now know from a variety of sources including former soviet sources is that all the knew very well

what truman was talking about through his own sources in style important to stay with them one but it was to say no mr then ridicule anybody thus they would not answer in 4 months or so is going to say is. throwing them at the store he's got them there won't be that real so you will do that in the beginning there was the word because it is him or and but i am a swim wish so you see what. was in the curse. business is to ensure. its own moment's notice and. you can think of. how can you cancel the account of one to 10 i stand. for every minute. i think you're on you have to

go. and snatch is you and your guide. missionary. tony grucci was delivering mail when a 2nd plutonium bomb called 1st month fell on nagasaki kids from the blast melted the skin on his bike and left footage of his horrific injuries has become iconic assume its hero is now a living symbol of the suffering caused by the bombs. and the day that data might. get to. where i knew that. she. met him at the commission. actually it's going to. have to i think.

you know. this city was in the original targets for the 2nd bomb fights one was destined for cora but the weather was overcast a bit like today so the boxcar b. 29 changed course and headed to a secondary target nagasaki. just 3 days after hiroshima on the 9th of august the 2nd atomic bomb exploded with a destructive force of 21 killer tons of t.n.t. and killed over 70000 of the city's residents. the comprehensive fire bombing campaign conducted before the a bombs had left japan in ruins the u.s. already had the country blockaded and could soar from food and fuel. us to

keep bombing survey that was done at the end of the work concluded that the japanese would have surrendered. even if the bomb had nothing used even if the invasion had not gone forward that they would have surrendered prior to november 1st which i think was the date for operational lympics the invasion of the home islands so why did the us drop the bombs that's what historians are debating and i think that truman was hoping for a dual strategy one was to try to drop the bombs and hope that japan would surround there before the russians got in so the russians would not get all those concessions that we had promised them number one number 2 and equally if not more important the americans were trying to send a message to the soviet union. with each country looking to carve all the spheres of influence after the war relations between east and west were lined up very curvy allies the new clear poet equal to political power on the world stage and documents

from as early as $945.00 suggest the allies with turning against each other. the planning actually in october of 1945 and had chosen 20 targets in russia moscow and leningrad were also included in the target list early on and as i understand it just from talking to some of the more planets they designate a ground 0 was to be either the kremlin itself or it was a power plant that was very close to the kremlin as the bombs got larger they would move the designated ground 0 to a point so that it would destroy more targets just with one weapon to. the instance committee just to present the city look it was good it was so i'm sure you know we are political still political so just in there could be more of that about the switch what i'm sick at the cops that it was the news from it that i looked. at it on the. condition.

really tryna come from thoughts and put it into school and science and science and cinema stuff we really need college for growth and instance it emitted into the same school so you are now you're going to point forward in the foreseeable future war between the united states and russia will be the result of a miscalculation by russian leaders of the capabilities and intentions united states and then go mop all the different industries sensors in bush or us funds targets. so what we've got to do is identify the threats that we have it's crazy to confront a shim let it be an arms race is on offense very dramatic developments only recently and going to resist i don't see how that strategy will be successful very

critical time time to sit down and talk. you know much like me. and my son now each is an 82 year old neck a sucky bomb survivor both he and his daughter no cool travel around schools talking to children about the war. now uses cartoons to help them share with a younger audience his experience of the day the bomb fell. then. what the. salute to. all and not it will be much of a. salute to keith swamiji kunle coach doc doesn't need to feel sad at the

game but what sticks did he do and. so little can. be. let us know kelly. for the get it you got there must. but i do mean it i would not it started. before that i started how. they need us and this of the. 2 of them on narcotic mother would look picked up the kid in the muck local good morning again. we hit it still yeah i musta. mocked local you know we're just on the dumb war now as if you know much the words emits a smug sort of you so he did the anymore though. this can go away study in the worst 2 nd or one or negated by so are not.

enough i really must be this. will need to guy night more i get to meet on this more. cold water you must see him more will punch in the wood with you move up also not i will miss him oh god since you would i do what you must i will kill meanwhile want to. get back when it's in the way it did in this no was good us to meet up with you need. a quiet hunnam wheel on the day to day are they more put up the walk on must. be an old one says or. studied this for more she will but there is i will watch let the ice will she must still do what i say no. more than bull she did very well you not. the weapons don't get it right in much.

i think that the were believed at the time to be this as general marshall who was head of the us military during the war after the war we didn't want to have to invade japan we knew we would kill many japanese and many americans would die as well. that was truman's just if occasion to save hoffa 1000000 american lives that would otherwise have been lost if they didn't they did the mainland. what i don't understand is how people who have presumably studied the same documents of. different conclusions about the bombings i don't understand it either to me it's such a clear cut issue if you look at what the us intelligence was saying if you look at the comments of american leaders at the time in fact 6 of america's 75 star admiral generals who got their 5th star during the war record as saying that the bomb was

either militarily unnecessary morally reprehensible or both you can't come to any other conclusion and that the bomb was not necessary that the soviet invasion was going to end the war that the u.s. invasion was not going to begin till november 1st so we dropped the bomb that august 6th and august 9th invasion is not going to take place for 3 more months why do we do it why you have to conclude that we wanted to do it. agreed to show me around the hiroshima peace memorial museum brings back mixed emotions terrible memories of the bomb but also happy ones from her wedding which was held in the grounds. the hiroshima city government has suggested removing some of the exhibits over concerns that children find them frightening. but chilcote doesn't think they're

realistic enough. to know. that core you're not going to comment on the. study. scott. on the back it's going to happen everything. is. that this had been some. question in their finish college so. they're sure you.

do i regret to inform aggression i regret we had to do it but i think we had to do it nordic and the war with a minimum loss of life if the same situation existed again exactly as then as it had back in 1945 yes i would go on i would volunteer ford about i don't want to go to war. yeah a memoir with. it is it's a personal it's sort of the change from i you know i like most americans born in that time and growing up after the war the bombs were a great thing they ended the war they say hundreds of thousands of lives on both sides and that's what my grandfather always said was his reason for the decision to end the war and save american lives primarily but would otherwise likely be lost in an invasion of the main islands so i went from not giving it much thought at all to

. being confronted one day with with the reality that people lost their lives and in horrible ways. japan is still counting the cost of the a bombs the government's makes monthly health care payments to the survivors to help with treatment not just for the physical effects of radiation exposure but also the psychological impacts. many of them come to this clinic set up especially for the here in hiroshima. clone that i knew some know impacts i know qatada say. one day nothing in the law or as i said moved. to stand on water if you will to no quarter throw so here kyra i want to go below i thought as i've gotten to come

in the next you know then got to take my city since course of course or southern afghanistan. got it. wrong it only. adds to the ordeal not. given that you did something nice you know. and those who. would have sank you. deemed this plan just you know. since in 2000. or more to bring your p.t.s.d. this kingdom or the american or 13 the more needles on the dock now your not. the

money or wanted. to do. this kind of sort of your new. stuff written. after the war the japanese constitution was changed by the americans and it's remained in place ever since including article 9 which prohibits japan from having its own military. well the country can still protect itself with its self defense forces including its fleets which is poly base hit the american naval base in your corsica. nowhere is the american incursion more evident brita streets all the haunch as it's known by the sailors is just a stone's throw from the naval base. any time baby i have no idea what that

means. is the place to go if you want to native or to go shopping at the army surplus store. and rock city seems to be particularly popular among your corsica's foreign guests . start the american citizen making the most of the downtime here 8. however the u.s. base in okinawa is probably the most controversial and i suppose ah it's home to 21000 service personnel more the morning 3 of all american soldiers based in the asia pacific region and the locals want them gone.

there to the end of august and they're going to bins of these mines. this is something i'm going to have any chance and that oh it's a death of a hiking on and they have got to get there and one of the lot that honestly had to get their house. for that kind of stuff. and this was the with all of us has been mean that's if caught up on all of us have up. and you know you just i think you have all the hey i can pull it back if i must and i. i didn't miss it i thought i've had enough. and i mean nothing when i. leave or can i fix the next it up what am i going to do this since it was that i guess is the. despite the atomic bombings in japan and the united states have an amicable and close relationship today however

no incumbent u.s. president to visit to tear ashima on august saki and america's yet to receive an apology for the surprise attack on pearl harbor. truman lived until he was 88 and stood by his decision to drop the atomic bombs to the day he died. so you don't think there will be interest or no i don't think there will be i don't you know there's no harm in talking about it and i don't know that will ever be an apology. maybe the 2 countries can find language that that that brings them together to say you know we acknowledge that serious hurt is done on both sides and we we own that and we are going forward it doesn't feel at this point that it will ever be a flat out apology from the u.s. to japan or the other way around i don't know that the united states has ever asked japan for an apology for pearl harbor or that they offered it so what do you think about america no no no you got the demo then this summer i guess you called the.

turning you were in a corner in a circle crap and made you cry let me. know oh i sound like that though do not the way. he asked looking at a full. stomach with the one you know 2nd you are throwing them all. now. following the atomic bombing of 2 cities over 300000 japanese lost their lives if plans to attack the us assad actually being carried out in which 20 cities were targeted including population centers like moscow leningrad. the number of lives

lost would have been in the millions. fortunately that never happened but it did mark the start of a new era the cold war. when i was still seemed wrong but all wars just don't call. me world that is yet to shake out these days comes to advocate and indeed for many because of betrayal. when so many find themselves worlds apart when just

a look for common ground. protesters stormed government buildings in beirut made must riot saying over and choose the deadly explosions the prime minister as admitted the tragedy with corruption call for an early election. rescue teams continue the search for survivors in the ruins of the beirut porch area we hear from a nurse who saved newborns minutes after the. i'm sure the intensive care units in the top of the rubble as well i started to leave the room saw the you know i was terrified because i thought the babies might be crushed in the rubble. coming up on the program the u.s. culture intelligence.