35 world series and how. long was your war and the. thirst for. glow welcome to you so if you go visionaries may so if you shevardnadze a man to the human body with technology has long ceased to be satisfied but now it's merging computers with the most sophisticated machine of our own be human brain is a crazy fantasy of some enthusiastic are not so distant future while i ask the world's 1st sidebar professor of cybernetics at common tree and reading get a verse that is kevin warwick. kevin warwick professor of saturn

attics and comment tray or reading universities and the wealth 1st cyber a kevin so great to have you with us. why so many things have been coming up in the news lately so the technology of implanting alex roads into the brain cortex is at least 20 years old and the electrodes in the brain have already been used to control at the electic site some people here at mosques near a link project is presented as a giant leap forward why. well i think. that's why it's the center. but it is good in some ways but the moment he just been experimented on with pigs as i understand so there's no human joy i was here not only is it. but only the type of electrodes they're using the not rigid the electrodes that i have implanted in my nervous system were. like like

a hairbrush. and the potential there is that i can break off and of course firing them into the brain on a system would be quite dangerous a 100 spikes in my nervous system so i think if we're looking at very. you know you can move them around the top of electrodes the they will unless he's talking about that and that's much better because they can move with all the nervous system but the issue i have is how do you implant them in a human because with the implant dark out just how mary jane berry quick very swift with the type of electrodes must refers to i can't say how not forcible so i have a big questions yet how it will work as far as humans are concerned does an artist to just the pigs that is the drugs will let's. let's speculate

a bit because if i get it right they idea of hero link is to trends trust made our thoughts directly to the computer without the need of any middlemen technology and at a much higher speed right how is it supposed to work exactly like well i have to say what i want inside my head for a computer to deliver on that what do you make of it well timidly we don't know how well it's going to work what's being done so far is more motor so you can always make any movement and those neural signals can be sent out sorry to a robot dumb to cause it to move so you can move technology remotely but also in terms of sensory information you can feed back into the writing so it's months or in sensory that's what's been done so far but the big advantages of course is when you what you're referring to the possibility of sending all sorts of crimes

signals from the brian to the not just through a computer but the tension into another prime or into a machine an artificial intelligence so that the whole possibility of communicating by thought can for all not for me is a tremendously exciting but we don't really demands a bit like telegraphic communication from nervous system to nervous system but i think a long muskies is for example if we're a y. from doing an experiment sending signals from brian to brian which i think would be one of the big advantages there's lots of other advantages for our brains are flexible and they're constantly changing according to what we do with them does that imply that it's chip implant would have to be app created and updated all the time just as well like i don't know by leppla cations. i don't think so i think what we're looking at rather than chip. it's a bit like

a port i don't know if people are aware of the film to my trip yet. raves how to i would have stuck it in the back of the tape into growing it's a bit like that it's opening up a port into the bridge and started your hero then i will defend brian signals by the connection to have to wherever and signal is back into the bing so the ship itself is not really doing anything in the right so i don't think you need to upgrade the technology with the beautiful thing is that the human brain cells what i do what it right and so does he is really communicative i do from brain so i want to bring salad from the outside world into the brain and so on and the brain cells like to communicate and i really fail here that once you get this port in the bronx the growing sounds will adopt the day out flexible they can make new connections

even when you're older they still like new connections and hence i think i will accept an implant quite readily no problems about the materials that's not an issue but i really except what they can do and when the brain cells can communicate in a whole new way they will go for it they brain cells will say yeah we want to do this effectively and so we will have quite a switch it's not just a case of putting the implant in and it will do what it can do i think over a period of time there your brain will it out of the new possibilities. well i know you get excited about the press back to communicating with each other without words in the future it was a help with alex rhodes implanted in our neural system but i'm thinking like the beauty of assad is sometimes in fact that it's private why i choose not to broadcast it i just shut out a so if we all communicate by thought some day right what happens if we don't want

some of our thoughts to be transmitted. well i i have to disagree with you there because i think with technology what we've seen what we've actually seen with facebook and all sorts of different made twitter and so on is the when humans can communicate in a whole new way that i really go for it that's what's whether you're a child with your own how do you can communicate in a new way that is exciting for you because that's what your brain cell wants and do it's not that you're going against what your body will see is what your brain cells want to do and so the privilege is not an issue we don't worry about credit cards and having information on us all the time by code companies and shops because the advantages we get by being able to do that to use the technology and with communication we don't worry too much it's all about the previously issues if we go

on social media because of the advantages we get in the new ability to communicate and hence i think that is going to be the critical factor we will want to do it we will want to communicate directly writing to run even though it opens up possibilities of people literally hacking into our brains lining what some of our innermost thoughts it's the interface essentially between the here when brian and technology that's the problem and once we integrate the too much more i believe maybe we won't worry about our innermost thoughts because we gaining some much hold or we build up a new way of approaching that we have you know most thoughts because your brain is not just one organ it's look so different organs effectively that there are different things and so maybe within part of your growing you can have this so it's yes this person is silly or i don't like them that whatever but you don't want them

to know that my. being communicated to him even brought into grime you are able to filter the moment we don't know because we simply cannot and the sort of thing let's not so i don't do it because of the loss of river city we need to do the experiments now to our and our and if there are issues that you're citing the right be we pull back from it to show you i suspect that one should but ok it's one thing to implant outrage to read signals saying why are 2 brain regions but our thoughts are the product of merely ends of neural connections how can an alex drawing device connected cells to every single neuron made task same was improbable. i don't i don't think we're connecting to every single neuron that's not the idea at all they even with a long long must be talking or perhaps thousands of connections all i have so far and the experiments are done is

a 100 in action and the body when you are communicating now you don't use all of you to communicate using a small relatively small number so i think it is this this pool that you're still looking might be thousands maybe it might be millions of connections in the end but relative to the 100000000000 neurons that you've got it's still a relatively small number so don't think you're looking here you age growing so to an electrode that's not what we're looking to do by any means but a small number. number is fairly large because you know lots of possibilities but there are questions with which neurons in the writing do you just connect them over to the new rules that you connect with the sensory your arms and song all the years spread it around much more so where the electrodes of position is something we will need to learn a song with which is the best positions and so on carol that take

a sharp break right now while we're back we'll continue talking about what's going to happen when when marsh technology with our brains talking to kevin warwick professor of cybernetics of commentry and reading here diversity. ever stay with us .

and we're back with kevin warwick professor of cybernetics at collin tree and reading university also the world's 1st cyborg we're talking about what's going to happen to us when technology and brains merge haven't you seen one of your interviews that we humans are pretty limited in what we can do particularly mentally and we just have a bunch of brain cells and surprising because it seems to me that especially mentally we're still don't know our limits i mean we keep on studying our brains

and keep on being amazed at how complex and powerful they are why do you feel that humans are limited. well we're we have a finite number of primes out was and certainly i agree with you that we could do more with the brine so if we go out and maybe this link will allow us to learn what the possibilities are but at the same time we can see when you look at computer technology particularly artificial intelligence some of the news that it can do just the speed and complexity of the way it can make calculations communication community better computer the computer communication is much better than human communication so we did does a lot of things better than we do so the possibility not just there being restricted with the brains we've got with a finite number of brain so but even even just combining 2 human brains together.

i mean that to me has a lot of advantages not just because of the communication but because of the the addition and it's thinking in terms of not communicating not sending just signals as we do now but in terms of being motions failing the ideas concepts the whole thing the whole gamut of what's going on you know runs we have the possibility of communicating in a much better why so linking just to bring together we can trying to sort of transfer ideas from person to person i would believe in a much better way. so ill mass claims maryland has a huge there are a paddock potential of being able one day to have paralysis out same or parkinson's disease can your lymph glands bring back the actual ability to hear to see. well i think the therapeutic side of things is with one of the things that will

drive it forward yes already concerned implants depression and so on but a lot of other. neurological problem schizophrenia i think is one of those things at the moment is not being tackled electrically as we have to remember the brain is able trove of chemical ali electrical probably chemical where i was most medicine is chemical and they would also it's are side effects if you you have a headache you try springs and your house side effects and it probably still doesn't so you've got it was we could potentially track will sayings like that electrically so there's all sorts of therapeutic possibilities but i think when we look to the future in maybe some of the things that we do at the moment chiefly in terms of communication we wonder in the future we will move on we will evolve with

the technology and so this way of communicating. well don't have to because we don't need to communicate about why when we think so each other we can communicate in a much richer form a much better much better why we will find it quite what people eat the numbers that evolve from us we'll look back in psycho how did they communicate in such a limited wife all of this years back in 20 trying to. help there's an example of a color blind man having an m 10 add that last he sends the colors so i read you talk about things that lead one fail ultrasound are getting for a vision what else is like a real possibility for you in terms of our healings what can you see as an actual doable thing in the nearest future versus theoretical possibilities. you know what one of the things i feel is how we understand the world around us.

we turn to the human brain operates in 3 dimensions spidey sense and texture and so on as a 3 gun ungentle thing which are go spaces not 3 don't mention all spaces fives and you can put as many dog mentions as to the understanding of it which of course with machine technology you with artificial intelligence. you're machines don't understand the world around us in hundreds or thousands of dollars mentions which is much more complex and i really fail it realistic it is in the years ahead we will understand the universe in many more dark mentions that we do with the moment and that i hope will change spice trouble for example the moment because we think in 3 dimensions so it takes us a long time just to get to the moon which is almost nowhere in the universe if they want to go to miles we go it's just there it's never going to type several years to

get that we're thinking in 3 dimensions when we start to sing this joint human machine thinking in terms of trying to dodge mentions or 30 got mentioned then all we can do we can we can just do that through the dark mentions or i sincerely hope that it's going to be a possibility i don't like to think of us just being stuck in this one part of the universe can the technology actually improve my brain function at least theoretically i mean can i implanted sheep and be finally able to learn languages solve complex math problems or be able to play flawlessly without 20 years of practice and experience. that good question i'm not. going to find out about things that i would love to do and i know better who my musical instruments are absolutely terrible on languages my wife is jack still i'm not

very good thing the checked language so if there was some how on that how it's going to job it i mean with things will change with languages i don't know do we will need languages where we're going i sincerely hope that when we can communicate just part of thinking to each other there's a lot of things we we think about that you. sitting in a chair i'm sitting in a chair. we can sink of those things in the ideas of those things but then we use language just to describe it to someone else if we're not using speech intentionally we don't need language those things will change dramatically i never feel loss of us i really think in line with joy i honestly don't relate we do sing specifically in some language construct i think we put languages on it but it's something that will charting dramatically and. maybe abilities mopes

a billet is the ability to play golf and song which again i'm not particularly good at but if i can download i think that's got to be some short term possibility download a number of movements into my body which will cause me to play golf a little bit better i probably still won't be as good as the professional golfers off but i can see why those particular type of movements it is a robotic way be done like it into my prime so i perform some interactions but my body is not a professional golfers but these are still probably wouldn't be as good but it would be a lot better than i was before. so is the brain in them or a distant future will be connected to a network be a cheap of some kind and that network will be run by artificial intelligence therefore artificial intelligence will be able to map all processes that go on inside a brain if it will if it will know and be able to sort of left it at the process

inside a brain or will it lead to theoretically having consciousness what i want to say is that the desire to enhance humans lead to a very in hands artificial intelligence and stad. yes you could be out mark my word is if we don't do this then not could be a dying tourists in our. good how about a visual intelligence in a with a form of consciousness there potentially is very different to human consciousness or is it what alan turing said many machines by comedy punchers well those they can be but it's probably different human punches but when we look at something that is an amount in my shin then i i would be quite happy i would love to have a mixed form of consciousness not just the human target that we've got but also a machine element of that consciousness because it would give me all sorts of

abilities and abilities to think in a much deeper way so i think there are lots of advantages to but there are also potential dangers that you're alluding to and not something we're going to have to be very careful of very wary of anyone i think whether artificial intelligence is separate to humans but chiefly in the military denying how much are we going to allow it to do the financial sector and so on without humans being in control of what's going on as opposed to this mixed or home and wheeling human brunswick machine brines in the possibility of having this ben holmes mixed consciousness. human so you put out the close connection between technology and the human prain will affect a share of autonomy of human beings and i'll ask quite frank right. once our brains are connected to computers will this be the end of us as fully

a time as balls because i mean machines will be able to make us think certain things and modify our behaviors accordingly. you know i think you're quite right i mean even now all we really would tell him beings the possibility of living just yourself one person in the world that we live in now if it's a straight maybe some people who i don't think i could i'm not sure that my body would take the different foods that i have to wait whether i would be able to survive in a world where i was the only person effectively so i think we need our network we need of the people we need technology now to live in the world we're in and then this is just taking it down a bit further. in terms of understanding what is going on in the human brain i think with therapeutic methods now one of the projects i'm working on for

parkinson's disease with electrodes in the bronx to teach the brian how to behave in a way that overcomes the problems of parkinson's disease with those electrodes and using ira what we do basically learn how to go to the different brian parts of the brian behaving particularly those that are affected in parkinson's is a so it's a modeling brining in an artificial intelligence system and you can get for example $11.00 puppy for the the typical traumas the results you know if you were pockets and there's a fall or stop the artificial intelligence system can know several seconds ahead that they are going to stop so the person themselves doesn't know they're going to have the trauma stopping but the computer does so i think we can give advantage of understanding the human brian much more through computer technology which we can use for therapy which helps people that's going to be a good thing but also we can enhance the why we're thinking you know the computer

knows what we're going to think before we think if you all know how ryrie voice an opinion. that augmentin yourself with attack will be a thing of rich people mostly i mean of course like in the beginning like it was with the automobile as our cell phones it certainly will be but this time we're not talking cell phones we're talking evolutionary level change will at whole layer of people be excluded from having new abilities will chick you'd like to create split to humanity into 2 tires are wealthy enough to be cyborgs and the rest but strike the common folks. well i don't know it would look to be oh yes now everything's going to be all right but if we look realistically with technology as you've said. with some farms we want to move some people have them some people have more of them and some people don't how many of them until i think what does is it stretches

society in terms of society's abilities so it goes with the technology can communicate in all sorts of why and interact and can benefit from it and those without any of this is starting to really have very limited capabilities in comparison so we're stretching society a bit like an elastic i think this will do is further stretch it so yes does that the money and i was the one to experiment a bit get in that 1st we'll have abilities and those that don't out implants in the right will not have anything like those abilities but the key thing is i think it will stretch it a bit like an elastic but most likely not bound it's going to bright so that we end up with those that are having plans that will connect control munich just by thinking to each other and so on will have abilities why beyond those that don't so i think it could easily create stress the bouncer would just split the vote into

those with a moment's notice without. right karen it's been such a pleasure talking to you good luck with everything we're talking to kevin warwick professor of cybernetics sad commentary and reading universities on the world's 1st cyborg. it. is sort of amazing country with her so many friends in russia and i'm very excited to be here. i

love that idea i think i can do that. every nice i make a lot of money with them but they make millions and hundreds of me. and. he has a nice well there's a nice job a great wall and nobody builds a lot better than me believe and i'll build a very extracts of like a great great wall. 'd and just in case you're worried about who's going to pay for it mexico will pay for . it we'll see what happens who knows jose who knows what will seattle feel will be success. in the 1920 s. and thirty's several 100 african-americans moved to the soviet union and many of

their descendants still live in russia. being at the coast because they know no rush for us though i put a stop yes it got to school with a cyclone things on your way to set your child on the dock national scale back home but i can merican suffered from racism and a complete lack of prospects. now as there is i cannot this month that will not be a losing show one by else a store on the by doing. so they decided to leave everything behind and start a new life in a country about which they knew almost nothing at all some of the after rear groups who were through during the night. found great crowds. moulay a good few. you know blown to. me and now almost a 100 years later history is repeating itself my great grandfather george time we went to russia. probably the worst time to go anywhere why not me.

let him i come here. headline stories a grim warning to the people of from the interior minister tells the country to brace for more. pages through. thursday brutally murdering 3 people. many. fronts is a war. with an enemy from within and from without us we are not at war with any religion we are with islamist ideology. grip the muslim world over there french president's defense of the rights of religion and his previous remarks all islam as a. whole.