a robot must protect its own existence with excuse for teenagers are reportedly charged in connection with the beheading of a teacher in france last month. another person who was taken into custody is a known islamic radical. also ahead of the i r t journalists are among those injured as emotions run high in the argentinian capital, as fans grieve for diego maradona, former president. rafael correa, shared his tributes to the late football star. himself was from a poor family, so he knew 1st hand what it was like, living in hardship. and she always saw it as these duty to change something. that's

what gave him a close relationship and sympathy from progressive leaders in latin america and facebook friends, joe biden. that's the claim of critics who say the social media giant is being too easy on the president elect in its fight against fake new clothes or world news headlines for this hour. i'll be back with more in just about 60 minutes. hope to see that visionaries staying connected has become more important than ever now that we're driven apart. how can the and charter waters of the post i ask me, should dollar professor in wireless communications at king's college london.

mischa dollar professor in wireless communications and kicks college london. great to have you with us. pleasure being here. all right, so much to do you 3 g. 4 g. . i mean, i don't remember any of them creating such a sensation as 5 g. networks and they say that 5 g. is truly a game changing set up in the quality of connection. why is it so, i mean, because with that grates to speed and upwards to really be later before, why now, why, why such fun? yes, it is. course, you know, raising and then it's, it's really, it's really curious to see if consumers will react really to the speed improvement of 5 g. . because, you know, if we go on with a generation from 2 g. to 5 g. every time we improve the download speed and the upload speed by a factor of 10, sometimes 100, which is really great. but what consumers care that they can download now at, you know, netflix movie, whatever 3 seconds rather than 10 seconds. i'm not so sure. so you know,

the bad ones. it's really good in 5 g., . but i think what is really exciting feature of i.g.s. the very low lock in c. . so it's time, you know, between your typing a website and pressing enter and then getting the response back now was for human, may not be so important for web sites and all this. but for anything which requires, let's say video engagement, where machines need to talk to each other. this little latin sees a real, real game changer. and i think will power a lot of totally private and seen occupations. will use a 5 g. will give us the so-called tactile internet being able to touch, which is obviously fantastic news for people like me, some georgian and i like to hug and touch and keys. and it was the, deprived of all of those things during a polemic. but tell me, how exactly is it going to work? so, tattling it, and in fact refer very well, a lot and see networks. i've been pioneering in the,

the internet which is called the unit of skills, which allows you to transmit skills through the internet. so currently we can only transmit video or audio or text files. now imagine a future where actually it can do something for the unit. would that be great? and that includes also the touch. interesting to watch, you know, we do that with that happy glove. so it's quite a bit of evidence on the internet on this. how i use that, and we apply that for instance in brought excerpt here is one of the applications where a surgeon would do in the robotic surgery remotely and would use, i have to glove to feel what he or she is actually, you know, a dream be operational, so we see a lot of potential is there, but you need other equipment apart from that very powerful 5 g. network. but how long till we all have tech talent in our homes? so that depends really on the each country. so 1st of all, of course, the regulation needs to be favorable in this spectrum needs to be released. so 5 g.

will look work without you know, the dip to right spectrum and place. then the investment needs to be in place because the 4 g. equipment needs to be upgraded to 5 g. . and then the consumer appetite in the industry appetite needs to be ready. so we see, you know, different phases. in asia, for instance, we see the regulatory framework very, very favorable, investment favorable and consumers generally take it up very quickly. so there we will probably buy 2023. we will have a fair and consistent, well average, you know, 5 g. technology in the u.k. . it's a little bit later so you know, i 2025 probably will have a very consistent rollout now of you know, fool full if they all the possible well we'll need to see great depends on this relationship between the 3 factis. well, i understand you're more focused on the technical side of things, but being able to not just see your visa, but also like touch them despite being thousands of miles apart. how will that he's

transformed human communication? i guess what i'm asking is, how will the virtual version of face to face or hand to hand actually compete with their real life experience and real people? that's a great question and i personally believe there will be a shift 3 and i have experienced that myself. so i gave that will's 1st 5 g. concert where i was playing the piano and my daughter, she was singing in london in the guild hall. and we were separated by a 1000 kilometer this and yet 5 g. brought us together within a few milliseconds. and it felt as if she was with me. and that is really what will be the game changer that low lock seat will create. the sensation of immediacy will essentially synchronize realities will go beyond a minute, reality, oh, virtual reality rule. go in the world all reality. and we as humans, we're good for, you know, millions of years to build up an emotional void. and when the communication happens

within 10 milliseconds and stipends zoom and all that after destroying that because it takes about 260000000 seconds just for us to talk. now, if we are together in the same room, you know, this emotional bond between us is very different, and 5 g. will bring this back. so i think there will be a massive shift you know, to what is additional tools, remote working, changing demographics and all that will be powered within the 1st test by 5 g. . so right now, communication over the internet is basically looking at the screen saying your image with the speeds offered by 5 g. will the 2 d. paradigm change? and what i'm asking is that, like, are we going to get like starstruck hologram colace or a lake, you know, virtual reality stream through sky. so i'm in reality is actually, you know, already a reality with holographic combination is really, is really very close. in fact, you know,

the very 1st smartphones are being released as my friends like these, where you're older like that, where you use another phone, essentially as a, as an intermediate screen and you see a whole rafique images. now if you think that in the future, we could use our allocations, which i have on my phone for this is called clone. i do a holographic scan off my face and that is then being projected into their future, zoom type of capitally. so we could literally have a fully holographic 3 d., fully immersive meeting happening without being physically together. and that's a future which is coming very quickly. he also said that the 5 g. speeds and the new networks ability to networks, ability to send touch over the internet will transform the education altogether. what do you mean? exactly? so i just cation, it's clearly the learning part of so learning new, new skills. and so far we have great learning platforms, but they are all video or text based record. and if you want to have something more

practical hands on, this is the surgeons at king's or the deficit. kings need to come to king's college in london to learn how to do the surgery, how to do the drilling of the t.v. . now the future with the n.f. skills and using this little lot of sci fi, t. capital. and he allows us now suddenly to offer alerting platforms where you can learn these how date skills, you know, that patch in the muscle movement for the internet. and that will allow us to skill up at scale, you know, any, any type of profession you care. think of where you need a more practical slant to that. and in addition, you can suddenly run examinations which are not any more subjective to what the examiner has cities. but actually subjective in terms of how this sojourn student moves, the hen, how, how he or she does those things so we can will suddenly not only power the learning process, but also the examination process and the future. well,

you mentioned remote surgeries, how reliable is 5 gene that respect? yes, actually we started talking about this specifically me with practice group. there was a pioneer of robotic surgery and it happens to be a king. so we started the whole field. and, you know, initially i got a lot of, you know, a lot of reservations also from the press and that made, you know, god was really quick as i say, because it's now becoming mainstream on offer a shell in china. it's been started to be used during the fight. you have designed 5 to be very reliable. so we talk in terms of reliability and how many nines b.i.v. are percentages you have it is very reliable. but still we need to build it as a restriction that if there's a package out that you know the robot on doesn't move in the way it weighs. so we, this is being done from a, from a robotics point of view. but we also need to make sure that security is very reliable because you don't want anybody to back into it alive or what accessories, and then cause havoc. so we have quite

a bit of work still to be done to really make sure that these systems are reliable . and what else can be sort of tell us sized with, i mean you talk a lot about playing live music over the internet with no lack. that's a bonus. what else? i mean, could we use it to talk about medicine? i'm also looking a lot into the artist's work with a lot of a lot of artists and i'm a composer myself and a performing pianist. so the question is, could we democratize the way how we essentially perform the arts, how we teach the arts, you know, could actually teach anybody in the world how to play the piano, or somebody teaches me how to paint. so these type of capital of these, you know, will be very important, but specifically i think, oh, it brought it back with the, with the a stop autists in that they need a rethink on how to, off of these are, you know, it's a mess of kind of experiences in a way which is different juju,

people coming and going to the stadium and listening to them. could you for instance, enter remotely control a construction site the future. i envisage that for the future to be exactly like that. so you would have a fairly cheap or outlet with possibly an exoskeleton, which is then being controlled, especially remotely, from any other part in the world. and we have demonstrated a very, very exciting use case which was and with construction, per se, a very similar net was withdrawn. so we had a 5 g. drawn in the majority of 5. g. drones has a 5 g. connection just through the drone. we did something else, we connected the control of the drone, you know, to the united states for a 5 g. slice, as we call it, it went all the way back from varieties and shoot each e. and then own control to drill. so what we wanted to show is that this future of scales using 5 g. technology allowed us to control a very critical process flying a very big industrial drone from anywhere in the world to anywhere else in the

world. so therefore, these type of obligations will hopefully become mainstream, maybe in 5 to 10 years time. so basically like in 10 years time, you can orchestrate a whole war, right? i mean, how, like italo warfare planes and tanks and attack helicopters and such, you know, we hope this will not happen and certainly it will, because that never happens without that part. yet any progress that we a chief we always is tain with that part. and so, you know, you have probably, you're right, so i have to reason with use the technology as you know, always bit to some degree used for, for the west part of humanity. a lot of that will actually append on our current bill of these will should do artificial intelligence in so it's not only 5 g. in robotics, it needs to be a lot of ai involved in currently a global scale days. a lot of discussions around, you know, panels of the server. it had also ethics regulation and requirements on ai. so i

think, you know, our ability as a humanity just stop this to be used. you know, within wars within conflicts, i think really resides at these panels, and i hope there will be fruitful over the next years to come. we show then take a short break right now when we're back. we'll continue talking to misha dollar, professor in wireless communications. at king's college london, talking about the 5 g. and the prospects it holds for us. stay with us. seemed wrong. all just all in the world to get to shape

out of this thing, become active and engaged. because betrayal. when so many find themselves worlds apart, we choose to look for common ground. it's been decades since the fall of spain's fascist regime, but old wounds still haven't healed in the coming of them thought it was pretty famous. because for me, from a girl do you are able to use a bowl to me on the bus at the 6 mean old or the interest of the singles, which we know of newborn babies were torn from their mothers and given away and forced adoption. but only for to this day mothers still search for grown children. adults look in hope for their

birth parents. and we're back with mischa dollar professor in wireless communications and kings college drescher talking about this 5 g. . since we started talking about our technology breakthroughs, let's talk a bit about the darker side of the internet and what will happen to that part? we have 5 g. . i mean, do you feel like we're going to have more sophisticated surveillance systems in the internat, whatever it is, it was we're fighting it right now, right? where we well know that we lost our privacy was going to happen with live as it is . it is a good question and i think, you know, the consumers in general, you generally should be concerned about this and they have all the right to be

informed. now, as you well know, maybe you don't know that, but you know, the ability for a legal access to the infrastructure has already been there is so if you as a governmental, as a judge or as a police or any other investigators have a legal war and to access the data in a freeze you for your 5 g. system. this was always possible. in fact, this is even standardize trade. so it is no secret there. now in terms of illegal acts, ok, so basically the ability to hack into this, whether this is a government state on malicious octo or just some judge doing acking into in 5 g. . you know, because it is a fully software, a system in principle, this could become a little easier. but at the same time, what we have done is we have also improved the security of the fine gene for structure. so therefore we're doing the best we can to protect that infrastructure

from that type of malicious access. so i also wonder what kind of like mobile techs, advancements will be spurred by the new speeds of g 5. like, how will that 5 g. change the mobile phone? because when we had like 3 g. or forging networks, the mobile phone makers rose up to new possibilities and there was no point in making like a smartphone with a huge screen before. because you can really stream anything through slow internet . what about now, how do you think it's going to transform as a great, great question you're asking, and it's, you know, that actually reminds me of the sentence which is best. but the fall off. she digs out of erik's in the current example of the rise and you know, we started designing 3 g. when the internet wasn't around and we started designing 4 g. when the, when the smartphone was the ram so equally, you know, what's now 5 g. 60. why are we doing that? and you're right, and i think, you know, the 5 g. cap abilities bring you back to an earlier part of the conversation. a lot is a lot of this holographic and you know, this is a matter of reality transmission. and therefore,

we need to adapt actually the phones and there are a lot of prototyping going on. and i wouldn't be surprised if you know, i phone way up for you. 1516 will have the capital of the form yet. you have the whole graphic image of you senshi as we speak so much more naturally and gauge line . and also people work actually on vibrations. so this happy feet. when you shop something, you go over the screen and you touch it and it vibrates. and depending whether that is a piece of board, a way that is, you know, up close your bias, you can feel on your smartphone, what actually you know, you see on your screen. so these type of revolutions will essentially being enabling accelerated through that 5 g. technology. now with this starling project within a few decades, a mask is playing to send $40000.00 satellites to space that would be able to bring free high speed, low latency internet, to even the most remote areas. a nurse,

do you see starling as a competitor to 5 g.? those studies, it is a great complementary to knology. so you don't particularly, you know, we struggle from a telecom point of view to give business cases which allow us to roll out this technology with the same intensity in an rural and suburban areas as we do that in the, in the, in the urban areas. so therefore, to have a cap ability, which allows has really a global e ensure coverage no matter where you are, whether in the outback, in australia, or you're in a siberia, or you're in the rain forest, you know, still maintain a phone connection. i think that is very, very attractive and it really underpins the global footprint of our wireless technology. nearly half of the world's population right now don't have access to the internet whatsoever. let alone 5 g. or 3 g. and according to unesco, more than 800000000 students kept out of the classrooms, get to the pen demick and they have no computers. and more than 700000000 don't

even have internet at home. and since 5 g. can't solve this problem, will it only widen the gap between those 2 axes, the new high speeds and those without any access to it? so potentially that could be the case. if the government does not do governments around the world don't intervene, you know, from a regulatory point of view. so quite a few governments, including in the united kingdom have put out is a requirement for the 5 g. license to show sufficient for print in the rural areas which come essentially these under-privileged coverage areas. now that, that's one part of the 5 g. also is not only about highest speed. so interesting to some of the frequencies we have using our to very low frequencies, which he used to be as you know what you really just needed one bit. and ted, a tower in the city, and it would have a essentially quite a wide area. so therefore we would get, you know, not the super duper bits per 2nd. 5 g.

speeds everywhere. but we would have at least a decent coverage. nick schools to connect people who want to learn from platforms, you know, like you to me or coursera. so i think 5, she gives us that opportunity, but it has to be made, right. the economic case has to be there. and hopefully, you know, like something one must, will then also cover the remaining part of these underprivileged areas. so here's the thing lake with the 5 g. not even rolled out yet. there is already taco 6. gee,, what's that going to be like? and also like the way you describe 5 g., it just sounds so ultimate will, could possibly be improved in the new generation. so there could then of course we always looking ahead. in fact, you know, we worked on 5 g. as of 2012. so it was 8 years in may, and naturally, you know, we started working on 60 back to, you know, 9 months ago. and the good thing is, you know, we have a trend in telecoms,, which is fairly steady. so as we go from 2 to 3, to 4 to 5 g.,

you know, we always improve something by one of 2 orders of magnitude and 60 will be no different. so i know how it looks like. i know what time of the data rate office, what type of feature office write, the thing we don't know is yet why do we do that? and how are we going to going to do it, right. so we carry, work out roughly how we're going to do it. and in a while we're going to thaw thinking, why we're doing that. and one thing i could imagine is, you know, that some of that network capacity or cap ability in 68 will be used more for 4 machines. hot efficient televisions to maintain essentially, you know, itself. so the sizing structures and that is the hypotheses which we need to validate if you use time. so well, there are always be attentive data waiting to be moved around quickly. and that's like requiring constant new generation tech for conic to vittie. or will there be like at some point, some kind of a g. like 7 g. or a $23.00 g. are no after which we'll say ok, we've got the internet working now. no heat for

a new network. that is being the right person who is the 1st one to advocate, you know, that generation salad as i call that will stop at some point and i had hoped it would start with 5, keep it clear we're going on. and the reason i thought it would stop with 5 g. is because we have completely software as the infrastructure. in fact, if you think about it, telecoms is probably the only big ecosystem in a place which still moves in these big generations every 10 years. ok, if you think of the internet, you don't hear of 5 gene and 8 or 10 genome, right? because we are, everything isn't software. so innovation happens much quicker and happens in feature x. rayed. and therefore, we hope to translate that feature of the aleutian, you know, into the telco world and find you may not be yet the generation to do it. i think 60 can do it in 7. g. i think will be more cell. so this is network a.g.

will consolidate it. so i think a.g. will be greedy. a lot will be talking about maybe you know, the 30 decided we can come back to this discussion. we'll see. oh, ok. so even before the condemn me, there have been a lot of conspiracy theories about health risks. 5 g. may be causing it. but once the pandemic struck, i mean their number has increased time fold, and dozens of 5 g. towers were birthed in the u.k. and elsewhere around the world. scientists have many times stated that she cannot cosco that another house conditions as well, but false rumors about it continue to spread. why is it wise words is such a lake black clouds of that rumors around so i have never seen that before. well, you know, interesting, we have every generation. so, you know, if we had,, a 3 g. we had a forgery out of 5 g., but there's a difference now to be 14 for each year we have a, a social media world, which is, you know,

not only exponentially connecting everybody, but people have really become addicted to this very kind of conspiracy clear bait material and you need to contrast that to the fair, boring engineering videos, which all of this say, you know, nothing can happen. and you understand why this goes viral. so, and i mean, i'm saying for a long time already we as an engineering community, we need to be a need to do better, to explain to society why that acknowledge is safe. and you know, before we find out 5, gee, this was like, you know, years of making almost the decade in making and there's a whole body responsible for doing nothing else. but checking whether the frequencies can do any harm. the body is a very non sexy language in the national committee for the i and i sing ready asian protection if you go to the website, explains it really well. why any of these frequencies we use in 5 g. can cannot cause any harm. it's a very rigorous methodology,

and in terms of code it interestedly, you know, people confuse correlation with cause generality. so one is when 2 things happen at the same time. and the that is what happens while. so will you find the areas where you have. 05 and cold it to death. yes, there are a lot of those, you know, will have 5 g. course that the answer is no, because there are countries like iran, where there is no 5 year old out at all. we had a lot of personalities and loads of the areas of the u.k. or anywhere else in the world where there is no fight deployed. and yet we have quite a few cars or causalities there. so therefore, always make sure you don't confuse correlation with causality. because really, one does not cause the other, can public outrage stahl research? i mean, can people's erratic behavior and conspiracy theories have an impact on your research into the conduct of it? so ok, that's a difficult question for me. johnson. it's

a very hypothetical question. so i think we, we continue doing the research, we need to do vons, you know, technology evolves society and i think what will change, and i'm actually personally pushing for that is to make sure that we get the message, right? so when 60 comes along that well before 6 years released, we have enough really interesting material made available, which explains to society why this is a safety knology. why that is a good technology and why we think it will really be important to society. so i think that pot of the exercise will change as a result of this very viral kind of,, you know, outbreak we have seen with 5 g., which i thank you so much for this really interesting insight into the world of conic to vittie. and the breakthroughs that where and for in the nearest future, and i hope all the best in your future endeavors and your research into the high tech. thanks a lot. and here,

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