these researches will cover almost 3000 kilometers in trans polar aircraft and they'll stay here until the antarctic summer returns. snow in the very heart of antarctica has one amazing property. when the temperature drops below minus $55.00 it becomes a drive frozen sand if a plane lands on it friction instantly cheats its skis which then refreeze solidly onto the runway. that's why planes can only fly between mid december and early february just 2 months in every year for the rest of the time that people are completely cut off from the outside while.

stocks water supply is drawn from the snow. the station sits more than 3500 meters above sea level that met altitude even the fittest of people time have very quickly due to the low oxygen levels. were there sort of. course through spirit merely because you were working. there with the. rope. but the. conditions here are truly unique human the average temperature in december and january falls by. minus 30 and in winter minus 80 is par for the course.

that miss ferric pressure is 40 percent lower than on the mainland and there's less oxygen in the. joint pain and bleeds all symptoms of a climate as a nation it can take a whole months for a body to adapt. it to. your would be. better suited to move. to the soviet union at that time went to watch the station because it was the father sed place from the coast from anywhere in the guide was the most challenging place i mean the way the soviet union wanted to show how good they where the hunting very extreme conditions so the felt was more important to gore won than scientific won now is different this iteration is very much driven by science.

all of antarctica risk covered by an ice sheet that can be up to 4 kilometers think that's enough to cover the entire planet in a 50 meter thick layer of ice. over it all when you push it that would go against that occur because i want to. go with addition i'm going there with up and even as i do with the boys it occurred to birdie because. the move will be good to think i'm a little bit wealthy and. that they were going to then deal with all the other so interesting nowhere near a good example and go from there when. the course. was one of the biggest geographical discoveries in the 2nd half of the 20th. scientists

had long suspected that there was a lake the size of europe subglacial lake vostok contains water that is millions of years old. but to reach it you have to drill through the so-called atmospheric ice formed by the snow that has fallen in antarctica for millennia. one theory is that the lake formed because the ice sheet above it melted under the pressure of its own weight another is that the lake had always existed even before antarctica froze over and that the ice sheets simply sealed it in. a different attitude to state is that the said we're looking to. the south of the of the group of the earth as the british it's a look at them for stupid as a short to put in the social and delicious to of the. late 20th century saw the 1st

attempts to reach the lake by drilling through the kilometers of ice that concealed this unique body of water. that was here to their concerts and they would be. to us in. the borehole was dubbed 5 g. one and drilling began in 1809 serviette french and american members of the joint expedition at the vast uk station all took part. in my work as related to studies of the pastrana in the antarctic their ice cores being drilled they're about 10 centimeters in diameter and up towards freakonomics. known. researches from

various countries drill through the antarctic all using their unique methods but only at the russian station have drillers managed to reach the ice boundary. and then make water where they stopped. apparently there's no way to take water samples from the lake without introducing contaminating microorganisms. so far we have no way of knowing whether there is life in the most ancient water on earth but paleoclimatologists have found material that is just as valuable for their research. is the only archive where you can have similar tain as least stored that temperature history of the earth and similar tain is lead to the same times also the composition of the atmosphere of these times so

we can directly go into the ice and find out the contents of this atmosphere is specially sealed to. and from this c o 2 measurements we know. from the last 800000 years. with the only. person that that isn't what do. or. you want to do with. studies of this engine dice have yielded serious scientific results we can extract data about the earth's climate hundreds of thousands or even millions of years ago how from tiny bubbles trapped in the ice for millions of years. this new property with all their them sort of meant business been put there so the shop folks need to put out

a shirt so we look them up on what we've got we're going to stop if we had. was an importer covering those who didn't because they could we both wish there were plenty of those immigrants but of political based there's a push for them at their word we've been a bit further north of here. from these studies researches now know that greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane have occasionally built up in the atmosphere leading to a warmer climate then hundreds of thousands of years later levels decrease again resulting in ice ages. it's to get access to a major. 1000000 year. it's a kind of an enigma we don't really know what happened we expect that carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is responsible for this challenge and this is what we want to check how much carbon dioxide was to get the 38000000 year before them.

so perhaps the global warming we see today is just a period in the planet's climatic history and people have nothing to do with it for are we excess arista climatic calamity after all these are the questions paleo ontologies to trying to answer here in antarctica. the poor. who. researches from every country represented in antarctica purely scientific objectives but politicians have another goal it's what

a cool presence. the quality of presence on the polar continent is a symbol of a nation's capability and strength. the extent to which a country can influence antarctica's future depends on it. the usa australia france germany china japan india chile and other countries have stations in antarctica in all more than 50 countries have a presence and they're. signatories to the antarctic treaty. so i would do this for him. just. a moment of truth is coming soon the 959 treaty expires in less than 30 years. where that is the beauty of the absolute beauty that these tensions do not matter

in the scientific community in trouble maybe because of a medical emergency or because the weather just closes opportunities for science in one area then the cooperation is there to look how can we best help each other out attentions do not come into it at all on the grassroots level of doing antarctic research and it is a wonderful example how the international community can come together and how we can overcome other issues and work together. now polar explorers abide by rules agreed 60 years ago the only legal activity in respect of antarctica and its inhabitants his research. both good common.

good. for both the people. in truth the native inhabitants aren't always happy about the attention. that's geysers find it. they say money to develop. oh you want to take it easy this is the central plank support diet love is a good problem right now so stop. it seems inevitable new security regulations into law. in the wake of the events on capitol hill the original day parade act was made law to legitimize the so-called war on terror well the patriot act $2.00 focus on domestic care and how will the u.s. to change the e.u. once chosen. the world is driven by shaped by phone person if there is.

no dares thinks. we dare to ask. the taste awful. first game code then a 2nd wave is coming now the virus is mutating i walked 2 blocks away from the apartment and i would get confused as to hobbits not. meanwhile patients who recovered from covert started to report some unusual aftereffects the symptoms were different but. my hearing has been ok i think. one of the things like

research is all over the world are trying to determine the many aches pains and other problems and then turn it all into numbers showing my hair. the 1113 there is just throughout the day my hair just. various sources reports that couvade didn't just leave for 35 percent of recovered patients. so you don't pull the push. just there have been many complaints of feral vision loss joint pain and fatigue in the us these patients are referred to as. supposed covidien long holos i talked to multiple doctors and my doctor and they said we have a feeling that you're going to have a hard time in recovery you're going to be one of those people that they consider a long haul it. was a pandemic no certainly no borders and just blind to nationalities. as

a muddled up with the we don't look like seeing the whole world needs to be. judged as commentary crisis with this system to. we can do better we should be. everyone is contributing it's your own way but we also know that this crisis will not go on forever the challenges create the response has been much so many good people are helping us. it makes us feel very proud that we're in it together.

2 2 and think. 2 of all the beautiful with us the good as you look to the lean we don't what the public did wonders for money kill billions for. you would much of. this goes i'm talking. to you so you. might want to. see what the from the others would be able to. give them. with just get. along through the deal when you

were. right. i mean yeah. you're just a muggle yeah by the else and i have a copy and you still. get this or spoke yeah but them so. much of this is. in your seems because open you up. to then with. the comforting like when you. thought you knew a little of him give him a little party pure all. silly and. sway my family mean that mean i grew it still yeah with us i'm a. warship the more the i should push the with

a little way to go with going through then the baby was low because the roof of his leather bed made the. book a woman he will strip of she always will with the foot the issue which should fold . but no way to go with this thought it. fit with. what you should. do believe that one time t. do with the above video to read to you. i mean it is an amazing amazing place and i think you should be prepared to go and go there and feel your place in the investee suddenly feel very small. how do

you cope with such an enormous overload politicians come to the rescue. of our school pupils. when we're going to. need a new. silver. mid-winter probably brings the biggest holiday to antarctica. everyone celebrates the. no matter which country they're from. the mid winter celebrations mean that half of the season has passed and every day takes you closer to going out.

the americans have a reputation for coming up with fun ideas and they've decided that everyone must celebrate a mid-winter together the more the merrier. take when tour film festival or the. antarctic film festival is drawing near. for the 1st weekend of august at the american mcmurdo station mcmurdo is the largest station in antarctica it's a small town with a population of almost $1500.00. festival consists of 2 parts 1st the open category entrance upload damage to films of any genre about any topic the only restriction is on duration it can be no

longer than 5 minutes why just 5 because a common antarctic problem has a low speed connection. back in the 2nd category is for films made in just 48 hours a day on friday festival organizers announced the rules and on monday all participants upload their entries which are shown to the entire population of mcmurdo and the jewelry delivers its verdict the winners are announced in several nominations just like all good movie festivals best film best actor best writer best camera work and there's an audience. ward.

all of antarctica's inhabitants abide by laws some of the feathered and aquatic varieties abide by the antarctic laws of nature others by the provisions of the antarctic treaty. under the antarctic treaty. by mental pressure. adopted in the early 1900 and part of that the whole protocol is about how we under the treaty are going to manage the environment better so things about mineral exploitation. special interest.

the rules governing antarctic life specifically states that any country exploring the continent must leave only pristine land behind them that's what explorers do every year when a large ship arrives and they prepare for a shift change the burn water can be burned and all glass and scrap metal is collected to be shipped out to the mainland.

you know. later the scrap metal and glass is loaded into a container and taken to the ship by tractor and helicopter. 6 weeks. ago and more those that. are loaded with us. in foreign countries. such. it would be much more. piece of the

science that. people wanted to show. just. to go home for instance it would be 14025 kilometer. every antarctic station of every country has similar mile markers it's a symbol a reminder of home and a subtle sign of the state's identity. the

militia just want to thank god thank you lovely beach where you just try to do you trying to tell you that you don't need to do what you do. for now the harsh climate hinders colonization in antarctica but in the future if it warms this southernmost continent really could be settled. we cannot turn to prime political interest to have stations and i don't think there's economic interest to have tourism and. i think there is it's important to set some limits joining me and talk to treaty doesn't mean that the countries that ratified it have withdrawn their territorial claims over the continent to nearby areas. some of the claims are enormous. the beauty of the antarctic treaty is the nations who have made those territorial claims put them aside completely and as you

know some of the territorial claims are overlapping but all of that is put aside entirely because the continent is dedicated to scientific research. it will be a real shame if the antarctic values imbedded in that treaty of a perfect community of free citizens in gauge solian research and scientific progress should ever sink into oblivion this should be a place for true freedom equality and human brotherhood on this fragile world of ours.

well today we're going to talk about what happens when. government. fears together with corporations what happens. seems wrong. to me to. get to shape

our. become educated and in gains from an equal betrayal. when so many find themselves worlds apart we choose to look for common ground. nuclear power become a battleground in the u.s. environment people love demanding the shutdown of a local plant from my yankee is right now my focus because it's a very dangerous oh no clare power plant the owner is attempting to run the reactor beyond its operational limits this case just sort of puts a magnifying glass on where's the power in this country where's it going is it moving more towards corporate interests or is it more in the idea of a traditional for just a. power lie with the people this case demonstrates that struggle in the very real

ways our struggle on r.t. . russia expands its covert vaccine program with the goal of immunizing more than half the country's population by the end of the you're. following a wave of allergic reactions california holds covert vaccinations from its sponsor of modernity drugs which comprise of iran to 10 of the us states and one. american president elect joe biden says think the point with obama iraq veterans had for them promoting military interventions.