douglas hume and what jack is the fed into is that the story told by billy king in the program of we're using the dough to pull scottish nationalist traveling to a bump in support of totally prime minister alec douglas hughton and i think that this should be said to woody ewing is a scottish nationalist in his heart but a unionist of his head and got the past room with a ewing. the hat side of the pets that my access wrecked a wrong quoting the bob himself and finally john cooper said that's going to be a good read easter offending to the new brooklyn jimmy reed by brian mcguigan coming out in time for the festival in a vast sea of the u.c. s. work and he can't wait says says john and i we turn to a topic of the days sure the topic has dominated conversation across the planet over the last year of the the pandemic the coronavirus professor look at deal of trinity college dublin is a man who knows more about vaccines and more sed professor neal in your assessment

where are we with this struggle that's developing between the vaccines on the one hand and the virus on the other. well that's the big question alex in a way i mean we're making great progress make not no doubt about that i mean the rate a vaccination in the u.k. for example is spectacular we see c.n.n. israel every country is lapping up with an aging company and it is awful with the virus for japanese the most important thing now is speed actually to get the vaccine out as quickly as we kept because the more explanation to happen the less chance there is for the planet and you marian's the problem that we're seeing more and more you know but so far so good as a question of keeping focus now on this huge nation companies and viruses such a difference between the vaccination rate across similar countries some in the u.k. is about 12 percent of the population already vaccinated across the european union it's more like 2 or 3 percent and some countries like israel are

a roaring ahead than of vaccinated or a 3rd of the population already why such a difference between the the roll out rate and various countries. we've got we've got to get credits in israel and the u.k. alex on this one because they really got their act together you know and it is a just they don't this is simply a case of getting to supply and getting the vaccine out deploying people in centers and you know the rate through which people go through centers onslaught was really important and it's why i got in early got a big on with pfizer probably paid a premium we think is the rumor netanyahu himself the negotiating some talk about getting stuck in and then a very white house service in israel has 4 separate health regions and they really got behind it's not the u.k. similarly had a great tradition of course of science in this area you know it was already a back seat initiative that was going on even before co you see so so and i could be deployed to great effect now the rest of europe will catch up no doubt one issue was there they were trying to coordinate things across the un that may have slowed

things down a bit but now for heaven's sake as you have seen in the past week the focus on brussels was a massive partnership and the germans were complaining why are we doing better and i think i'm sure they are their own pretty well catch up with the government be printed. and do countries basically have the same of of priority in terms of vaccinations starting with the the most vulnerable all the people in the population and walking the way through the various categories i mean for example a number of our viewers tracy on for example roatan to ask why isn't the central health worker meeting people every day as part of a job that she's not enough priority to list not begrudging the national health service workers but just asking a question to all countries have the same basic floor flu in terms of who gets vaccinated 1st but you brought me you know i mean you might see a few categories the one about the other in some countries so but certainly i had my way my magic wand i'm back like everybody now i will start with

a no that can't be done because they're just every country would have the elderly the vulnerable the health care workers out front and i guess mark up and i see what you might see teachers are about fire engine man or whatever it is you see slight differences in different countries an empty lot but again the goal is to get those groups vaccinated over the course of a few weeks so even though you might be slightly down the list and someone else you'll still be in a certain category that will get the vaccine for most people possible we're going to see a lot of the caring about you over there so we've got a top vaccines but actually in the field in the obviously files that are sent to the chinese vaccines the russian vaccine sputnik is a new vaccine they're being developed and livingston and scotland i.v. all based on the same type of vaccine or some vaccines are going to be more efficacious and others for example against the the new variants of the virus yet to

come i think the science across the nothing we now understand worked on this for for decades i suppose and there are different types of vaccines of 4 main types are all even before i was roughly 4 different types of axing and accounting on the both of your last night. against one might work better than the other for you know the good news is all for politics the been approved now like for example the most recent one is novak's called a sort of unify seem different to the our name i've seen some that we know that we've got is you know you've got more shots on goal of a. i mean one will work better than the other along with all these different buy things are there and they may see africa see differences between them you may see more effect than an older population but for the moment we must treat them as a quibble since you know we need to get as many people like snakes as we can now it is true that some of them. for example one of the chinese will sign a farm one that will probably work better against all the variants where as say the fires of one might work as well against one we may see slight differences here how

they send out the back things that are there are working against very just the way maybe slightly efficacious and other ones i want a really important one in your defense made by coming out about a neighbor that one you would predict could work against most order so it's very much a work in progress what amazes me always is your never seen an attention on one thing in your life i mean everybody's an expert now often different vaccines and how they might work and so on but still it's a work in progress comparing them and we will chase down eventually i'm not the one that was dominate the market and house science being caught by surprise by the variance in the violence of the clone of viruses to dictionary when the god is clearly small 2 to me ted but now we have the the can be taishan the south african variation the californian violence it's a surprise to the science this this bug is proving so adaptable isn't just a question of the the scale and which has affected the planet. yet we know

a lot about such so far if you go back to when this big b. and i some of the year ago it was now met maybe in march april times this virus is called sars probably too it's very like sars are identical that like siblings if you will we knew sars had a low mutation and in fact if a 10th of flu farts it's a 100th of a child me which you know the anchovy is very me tell you that when you see and so it's flu so we thought this would be ok you know a 10th of flu is really good but that was that was a scientific fact that china is in the field it's a different story want to throw out and about different pressures on different people you begin to see these variants emerge and it's a bit of a disappointment we would hope this won't be the case we hoped it might take a year or 2 for variants to emerge but the fact is we now have at least 4 variants that look different maybe more difficult to vaccinate against and we know about the we can't on the be 117 is more transmissible and that's not good because that means

we're really going to affect it per unit time so it's a bit of a work in progress and now of course vigilance is kate now that we know these variants are cropping up we've got to keep a very close eye on that watch for even more malign ones to emerge we can do that the good news is the u.k. again leads the world on this genomics business of reading the virus very closely you see so so now we know what to look for basically and then we get a very close eye on it and then the big question is where are they coming from now it turns out it's likely to be someone who's immunosuppressed who gets infected and the virus now grows in the person's body for a long time over 34 months and every time it divides there's a risk of a new one so the longer it's in someone the greater the risk is a bit of it me taking i suppose so now there are not going out in the field as it where we're seeing pressures on the virus that we didn't necessarily anticipate early on but they're giving rise to these new variants so it's a really important question it also means alex we must vaccinate the world as quick as we can because it will be there in other countries and it may well be giving rise to extra variants that come into european our ever so so really it puts puts

a sort of an urgency to the whole process the way it was urgent already but at the margin. never seen a a low level of opposition to vaccination itself as of another danger that people once vaccinated don't realize that they are still and others indeed risk so as a an office a danger that people might feel invulnerable once a vaccinated them and go back to normal life too quickly that's really important point like so we got ourselves i think last basically vaccines are another weapon see in this phase of this time and they're very powerful weapon in fact it's i think most powerful weapon we have but we need even the weapons are like yours during a war let's say you're winning you don't cancel the air force then you keep the air force with the ground troops you know so and some of the ways we've got to keep up with all the measures i've been saying this race thing aren't you know maybe not a farce knowledge even you know the american troops are still in germany

a long time out of world war 2 you know so there is always there will be caution you know we will be even anxious in the coming months and you must maintain some kind of stringency meaning in the face of. the pandemic will at some point move to being endemic and this violence will be endemic across the world will it still then pose dangerous to to the human race will or will we have to be vaccinated every year against one variant of this virus on another while we want to ice and this is hopefully going to happen if we become like the flu our severe cold ok more now on the flu end of the spectrum because you know it's a bit more troublesome and remember 99 percent of people their own immune system is very good at fighting this fire this anyway. and then there are some of those 99 percent to get long term simply we want you but we do worry about long how about as well of course but the fact is for the vast majority are immune system is great why is the virus you get over it you may get reinfected but you have

a lot less severe disease just like colds can reinfect in with a severe so the thing about the kind of way this virus is now if you're protecting the hohner just like flu every winter that's the main weapon and then it goes endemic and it's a mild disease in the vast majority of people so so one protection we definitely have now beginning every winter will be a set of vaccines for coping 19 that will join the flu vaccine protocol you know and then decide coming it will box in a children and then they're protected as they move into i'd also use the and that's a good thing to do well because they have becomes like an illness that's protected well in childhood beyond you know and those are the things that we're going to move towards i think so if they are i go every winter there may be a new 2 or 3 strains mostly when i realized that the current winter flu those 4 separate strains in that flu vaccine so we may end up with 3 or 4 surroundings and in the vaccine every winter and not only workable i think that's a reasonable enough prospect and certainly i means that say we have a way to carry on like we used to with an endemic part professor look at me i'm

from dublin many thanks indeed for joining me again on the alex salmond show. to join us after the break but i'll be joined by professor sun hardy bobbins the president of the british medical association. that i would have that happen are there not are not going to get that i'm not out of the i'm not of the money there's plenty let out if you want. and. this was a good time to. try to move there i'm doudna mom.

oh now i want to get my money now why not act and then again why exxon and they'll all people we believe just a little bit here. a lot of my kids i don't want them up with a johnny video audio of the moment on account of mother how do it all accusers or there are a lot of them out i'm a little like a mad little let's put out the pimp i don't want to put out a other moderate party without all the mother brother dick. cheney. who knew that the bill daley kids sneer those who really can show you can. show that they'd just be suitably.

well without us apart on the job just that us they have something like. no no no risk of being a bull episodes didn't go to scene you're the go to use leader in your force where you could be near must of missed with no votes aboard spirit i pity you it was a more sinister experiment don't you know. if de gea clue will. show us the stress of school issuance for you to post here to a post to move to willow's russell and vulnerable to question. stuart listen we are but what is. i might. show somebody an accident where a car goes through a yield sign at the intersection but i suggest to the witness that they saw us down side instead of the eels sign. in these experiments many will

adopt the suggestion we call it misinformation and claim it as their own memory. welcome by the join by professor holly bottoms so one of the world's greatest tax on public health so hot it bombs once you assessment of the vaccine roll out the across the u.k. thus far well being they are fortunate in getting a large quantity of fight scenes very early on i think that it has been very successful and as much as the 'd water of people g.p.'s all in tears and sore and ready to 'd administer it and their own it yet i was asked to comment on bikes he may suggest it was a mixed economy g.p.s.

doing it as well as large scale by accident and centers and so on those advantages than most and i think. the one it has that has been contentious is the fact that scotland has decided one shot should be given and the safe ensure the raid in order to have more people be vaccinated was one sure that it would be possible to bikes in the if you're getting 2 shots and that's caused some concern amongst health care workers who are exposed to a daily. risk but i think the evidence is showing the domain the 2nd goes is not necessarily a problem so all i'm fairly relaxed with that as long as the 2nd shot a vaccine does come eventually that's critically important as in the future and

that's the success of the vaccine will thus far. is that a sign of the splendor of a a national health service so having a command health service with effectively you could get these things done if yes it is scotland. where hence the ringback greatest successes of the past few years has been is an improvement science the idea of collaborative change where instead of having a process talk telling people what to do in terms of patient safety and hospitals and improving child health and so if we caught frontline staff together and they came up with ideas which they tested it implemented it and the team working element of the n.h.s. in scotland has been very very powerful over the past year so it's important that we continued that kind of approach as we as we should and allow me i'm hearing

stories of people beetroot zoe i'm used 'd by taxi rather than find somebody to give it to you you're not allowed to give it to someone who says no out. here x. or whatever but is this not we need to really trust from brain start to do the right thing with that of those low level of public opposition to vaccinations them in some people feel but will be a strong anti virus campaign that doesn't seem to happen and fight people seem incredibly enthusiastic about about getting the vaccination are you satisfied with the the way the message is being. forward on a public health perspective i think the message you know that the control measures that have been put in place showed just how serious this virus has to be taken here is our law down in the closing of so many different states of our daily 'd life plus right there in the u.k. we've seen protests and they asked me people need to realize that this is

a very basic. outbreak and therefore i think it has gone a long way towards convincing them to get i could see i still hear stories from g.p.'s about this using it because they think it's cloisonne a service kinda stuff which is no up it's clearly not but that's a very small number of people have have refused it as far as i can tell and how do you explain the supine the scrap and say on the one hand that the united kingdom definitely them of toileting rate is among the highest if not the highest of any major come to in the world while on the other hand the vaccination program seems to be in advance of other countries have been why has the u.k. failed in one aspect but seems touchwood to be succeeding on the vaccination. i think we did too little too late right at the beginning of the pandemic you know i

remember right at the start we had chelton races a lot of us tens of thousands of people crowding into the area you had liverpool playing atlantic or madrid spain was one of the biggest outbreaks at times he of the spanish for coming over and mixing most english footballers and their remember being quite surprised too and then the chief scientist in england was us the poet the dangers of. america you had where he said was there is new evidence that matches and spread the virus well scuse me if you could you know a 10000 people from a country with a virus and west 40000 susceptible people i actually quote i had to take it there was a bit of political interference the i don't basically decided it was more important business it's all pretty good to shut down and angling to only shut off the scalp

and then instead it was going to show we did too little too late and therefore it got a hold in our country you know that now i think is the main problem. and then john knows that one's people of vats of the bill the think them invulnerable and they can go back to the normal life too quickly and is that a danger to public health at the present moment of the message of keeping up the the guard against the virus a might somehow be lost very very much so this idea that you get the army and that you are vulnerable is just no up going to happen northwest one shot you know they have the dances that for at least 2 weeks to to see weeks you're still susceptible to say action before the immunology. is in place to protect your brain even after you've had the 2nd shot the samaritans of different strains that will be

slightly more aggressive slate us susceptible to the vaccine and tortured started cheering you know in g h we're going to have this virus around for some trying. hopefully we will get it under control and suppressed enough and hopefully when just everyone expects an agent if they get their virus it will damage them so much but we still don't know if having been vaccinated you can carry the virus or over here and spread it to other people why isn't the authorities have been slow to move them what would similarly be fairly obvious the measures to take them in for months ago in the show for example you suggest that the the testing of effluent of waste water would be a good early warning signs of via wipe because i read that was being considered just this week or even face some him why i could be spared from

a public health perspective why face boss i'm not compulsively everywhere i think i need to stay specially the u.k. government has been to america so appealing. could crawl savings they didn't want to be seen to be shutting down businesses they want to be seen me i remember being asked about face masks on a television interview oh so we're all going to look like chinese people walking around with face masks sort of you know up my hancock's said the evidence and face masks is weak well no it isn't we the evidence is very clear here today maybe rick depending on now you're waiting around sore but you know there was a definite lack of appreciation as to how severe this was going to turn out and just how important discipline was in terms of just saying and different protective measures the social inequality aspects of being

highlighted by the virus in the course demick world when we have blinking back into the sunlight will. be concentration on how the the poor have suffered fos them foremost from the impact of coronavirus i think i have it in scotland i don't get any sense that conservative government and so this will 'd spend too much time in that. but the fact is that we know that the circumstances in which people grow and are supported as they grow can determine a lot about their outcome their health outcomes are more susceptible to different kinds of that their city and so on and one of them is their structures francis and we know all of that is coronavirus the more vigorous your stress responses are the more likely you are to damage your mom's intensive care and so on and that me and

heart explain the different susceptibility the different mortality and the poor people i really hope this become this for chris's or attention when the biological consequences of sourcing to the region and quality in particular may impact on children of poor families whose children move grew up to be more susceptible to a whole range of problems at life and we really need to get a grip of that going forward it will allow more children to grow up and be successful in life and contribute positively to society i won't one of the other lessons be the the great virtue of having a public national health service or absolutely. the experience of. people in the states who are reliant on insurance and so on you know some of the costs associated with things that here

would be taken for granted and just simply dealt with in a consistent over investigates because the money by over investigating it over to cheaper dishes is a profit making industry whereas the health services scene here is 'd is an industry that supports the community support society that is far rather have our motto 'd in any conceivable world from america professor how to bombs thank you once again for joining me from ellen salmon joe thank you so pleasure one year into the pandemic and people are understandably we any of the battle the salvation of the vaccine this time to lies only within reach but it's often darkest before the dawn and right now to the virus and its variants on ripping through society but we'll discuss this issue just before christmas the death toll in the

u.k. was $60003.00 weeks ago it was over $80000.00 though it's over 110000 rising fast the united kingdom though has the highest death toll per 1000000 of population of any major country in the world. across seoul for that ministrations of the u.k. the vaccination program is proceeding well a new vaccines are arriving to cope until full insurance against mutations of this virus. in the last week the video of that scene started commercial production in livingston scotland lancet p. of us confirmed disputant 5 at 92 percent efficacy but such is the common needs right know the strain must be taken by a renewed emphasis on public health measures the has been as yet no satisfactory explanation why the country switched pioneer public health in the victorian period have been so incapable of coping with a 21st century

a pandemic before live from me and everyone of the show stay safe and we'll see you again next week. i'll look forward to talking to you all. that technology should work for people. i robot must obey the orders given to a human beings except where such orders to conflict with the 1st law show your identification we should be very careful about artificial intelligence and the point of all of us me is to create a trance i rather than fear. played

a very sharp pain with artificial intelligence will summon the demon. obama must protect its own existence and exist. secret prisons are not usually what comes to mind when thinking about europe however even the most prosperous can be deceived within this 0 song there were 2 view houses were. preserved was located and all the people had access to the story for investigators held the uncovered the darkest dealings of the secret services but i mean. you grated nor. for. trying for justice on r.t. .

europe continues to be plagued by covert vaccine shortage is that italy urges the e.u. drugs regulator to fast track the evaluation of russia's but the chap we hear from the head of an italian n.g.o.s lobbying for the russian job. in november of one whole family received sputnik the jobs back in november and now we have a high level of on 3 bodies and we know that bush has great scientific traditions so we have no doubts about taking the bush job on. u.k. food banks are inundated with pleas for help as the growing poverty crisis sees the most vulnerable having to choose between anything or he take all guests.