descent into poetry probe called hope to earth neighboring planet mars joining me now from dubai is the u.s. minister for advanced science says and the chair of the country's space agency sarah amery thanks sarah so much for coming on the show as i say the headlines here all about princess 30 for dubai not about mars a tall tell me about the hope mission the hope mission is of is our 1st plant or exploration mission from the emirates today the hope orbiter is around maurice for us this is our very 1st science mission that's going to characterize the atmosphere of mars and it will become mars is very 1st weather satellite to better understand the dynamics happens around an entire martian year for us it's been a remarkable 7 year journey now of working on designing insulting a very complex system with which we worked with the united states universities of colorado arizona state university receive california berkeley to transfer

a lot of know how and experience towards our engineers so that we can get to the point today were able to develop complex ensuring systems yet one of the instruments scientists in colorado has heard it is saying the images coming from the the mission are breathtaking with a breathtaking view that was andrew jones saying the 1st images of as it approached the planet. yes that 1st image was breathtaking for me the image that was more direct it was not the one that was released that was the preprocessed image it's natural to process every just that are captured this is the 1st time that the instruments was used in orbit around mars and for it's to have that remarkable image and also for us to observe from that image the cloud systems that we were going to be are going to study in the differences that actually is there in that snapshot covering that area of mars at the scale and at the distance that we've

captured it we've never seen that before i know you're collaborating with these different universities no direct collaboration though with the perseverance mission or china's channel one mission even though everyone sees 3 going to moyes this week or in the next few months we purposely designed our mission to be complimentary to the science of other missions so you're bridging a gap but ensuring that your scientific data is not only used by your own science team and i'd like to mention that our science team is an international science team a scientist and also includes experienced scientists that are part of this. so the data can be used by our science team but it can also be used by scientists that are that are looking at different areas of the atmosphere once we start getting our data we will also look for complementary missions where we can also use our data sets together with their data sets to get a more comprehensive understanding of the area science that we're steady of course

some may say that this ironic that it's funded by the fossil fuel reserves of the u.a.e. but it may tell us about fossil fuel created climate change and climate catastrophe here on earth is that part of the mission to investigate the atmosphere to tell us about what's happening in iran or. so resetting is a natural phenomena of transformations of planets overall and looking at mars which is a close resemblance to earth and understanding better how mars has evolved as a planetary system its atmosphere has evolved how climate change happened within mars gets us a better understanding on climate change from a macro perspective from the perspective of what happens to planets generally speaking the mission is a result of investment in people to development and prostitutes often for the country for us diversifying our economy is very important therefore investment and intellectual capital investment in science and technology is now one of the current

cornerstones of the establishment of new sectors to this mission we've also found a way by which you are able to establish an industry within the country that typically we didn't have before suspicious didn't exist prior to 2006 for talking about designing and developing spacecrafts today we've reached the point where our are through the building objects perience through various partnerships with various countries and various institutions and organizations around the world are you aware of how the hard science affects science down here on earth because people are who deny climate change are very interested in this mission showing the temperature cycles are natural as opposed to those who have the vast majority of scientists who understand that the temperature cycle on earth currently is not natural at all and isn't so climate change we do believe it is not a natural phenomena we're seeing here natural phenomena is part of it when you look at a system you look at it holistically from scientific perspective you look at it from

a control and that's why you study other planets that's a control systems and you also look for it's on the implications that are happening here now you're probably not aware that over here the british broadcasting corporation as i say has been talking about sanctions against the usa. do you think the. there are broader geopolitical concerns as regarding your partnerships i know the czech mohamed who i should say used to just work for all a t.v. company sheikh mohammed says is a 2024 moon mission on the way from the u.a.e. iran is planning a moon mission apparently 2025. how does your space agency work out who to partner with obviously partnering with the united states isn't a problem but partnering with the u.s. is perceived enemies even on something as pure science as a space mission to investigate the atmosphere is seen as controversial in nato countries. so the way that we are approaching partnership is through the mutual

understanding of various parties for us last was that was the was the organization of choice because we did have a common belief on on an understanding of the power that this mission has in terms of collaboration in terms of building bridges the partnerships that we have other than on the emirates mars mission when we talk about our device that programs and earth observation we worked at such a mission of added south korea we as a space agency to have partnerships overarching across different countries it's based on the objectives of those missions and that's how partnerships are selected you mentioned south korea there which has done very well with co with you're probably aware i don't know you that your covert death rate is 17 times less than here in britain just very briefly you're the minister for it but how have you been managed to tackle coronavirus seemingly so much better than britain the coronavirus has been tackled from the very early stages within the emirates and it's been looked at by various stakeholders the 1st is ensuring the maintenance of it and

reduction of spread ability of the disease what we're focusing on today is ensuring that people have access to vaccines and different types of vaccines and this is today part of our large endeavor within the country to ensure that vaccinations are widespread hospitals are ready to accept to accept patients at any time and whenever there is a challenge with accepting patients there as expansion efforts into putting in field hospitals pretty rapidly that's nations happening cross all the different emirates vaccinations it's free of charge and there is i think 3 or 4 types of vaccines being provided very thank you well all surround was is nothing joining me now from london is professor sanjay gupta who is on meth as miles 2020 rover mission team which coordinated this week's landing to investigate mars. life just tell me about why it's up there and why it's landing in the just 0 crater this way

well it's super exciting it's all about you know this sort of deep philosophical question is are we alone in the universe you know or did life arise elsewhere and mars is the most earth like planets and was today mars looks pretty stark our it and desolate in the ancient past 1000000000 years billions of years ago if you went to moscow you'd have seen late and maybe oceans. and so we could just recreate it because we think it was an ancient lake with the rivers feeding into it and forming a delta and these are the perfect environments of microbial life to form so if we want to answer this question we've got to go investigate the rocks that were formed to prevention conditions but importantly what this mission is doing which is different to previous mission it's the 1st step in bringing those rocks back so what we will do is we will collect rocks. keep them little course keep them on the

on the rover and collect about 30 of them and then leave them on the surface for a future mission to collect on this program we talk about lethal us drone of killing people in weddings in yemen this is a very different type of drone you go out on the mission they're nice or weak just tell tell me about the ingenuity so ingenuity is just a technology demonstrator it's really it's about. can we have power flight on mars what they're interested in is a space increase scouting essentially but you know it's not the main part of the mission as a technician a stretch the main part of the mission is the road collecting data but surely professor if you go all that way why not just get an add on to the drone through it get to collect rock rover there are a feel it's very very difficult to start it's difficult enough doing it with a program and the reason is that basically is to keep elements firstly you don't want to take life from earth to mars. because how would you set life on mars so

yeah it's all very clean and also you don't want to bring back any lethal life from mars back to we don't know what we're going to find so it's all going to be very self-contained and really carefully collected etc i'm sure you're used to this question with every space mission $2400000000.00 of u.s. taxpayers money and that throw a country $40000000.00 guard eat tonight without state aid or you expecting biomarkers to be very clearly discernible in the stuff that it brings back so the curiosity mission has discovered organic compounds we can't tell in martian rocks and we can't tell whether a life or not a so you know we will look for bio marcus in the course that come back but also we it's not just about life as many other questions actually learn about ourselves in some way in a weird sort of way so the oldest. rocks on earth are destroyed

a very poorly preserved basically so it's very difficult to beat the early signatures of earth's history from those rocks now mars has abundant really ancient rocks which and because mars doesn't have pe tectonics those rocks are well preserved so we can actually try to understand the early evolution of mars really belt by looking at questions of plantar evolutions actually that might tell us a little bit about how early earth formed by understanding early mustn't these are questions we can't actually answer on and also europe europe and russia sending us . in 2022 the eczema scrapers a collaboration between east and ross carson asked again with that sort of thing for searching for life but i was actually talking to the ministers of space from the usa about the relevance to earth whether it be about climate change those who want to deny it saying you see will be able to show temperature cycles or natural but more importantly and perhaps very very seriously do you think that

and i by biomarkers i meant life of course aside from that will it be hospitable for us if climate catastrophe predictions are true here on a. i think that's a fantasy i think so i don't think i would want to go to boston there it's a very desolate cold dry air it's place it's a place to go to explore for science. but it's not i don't think it's a place that's about it to go and live on the you very conscious of the fact that it's defense and arms spending that's driving this i mean obviously for 3 months and talking about the need for militarizing space the gold trump administration's massive investment in space forces are scientists on this mission this week. that they're conscious of that this works with all missions this is purely

a scientific mission you know it's purely about science and it involves many nations so we have many many nations involved in this mission and so it's about science basically it's not about defense or anything like that you mention this project with russia what what is that mission exactly that's a that's a road that's going to launch in 2022 and it's a collaboration between european space agency and ross cosmos and that's. it that's going to put a rover that's actually been built in britain. the president franklin roosevelt and a lander system on the surface of mars and that will be a rover that will search again for signs of life very big drill new drill deep into the martian surface up to 2 meters and it will look beyond the radiation damage as a mass because it does not yet and a magnetic field is constantly being bombarded by radiation that can damage any

organic matter all signs of life so by drilling deep into the martian surface. we can become a more pristine sample so that's a beautiful collaboration again involving many nations in that and you know scientific endeavor and it's another branch to such people like reza and you go to thank you after the break where of bitcoin a former bank of england monetary policy committee member tells us it's not safe to invest in crypto. join me every thursday on the alex simon show and i'll be speaking to guest of the world of politics sports business i'm show business i'll see you then. in the 1920 s. and thirty's several 100 african-americans moved to the soviet union and many of

their descendants still live in russia. looking at the post because you know no rush for us though up most of us it got worse upon things on your way. back home black american suffered from racism and a complete lack of prospects. the real. one by elsa store but by doing. so they decided to leave everything behind and start a new life in a country about which they knew almost nothing at all some of the african americans who were truly during the united. around great crowd. if you you're going to call chrome and now almost a 100 years later history is repeating itself my great grandfather george time went to russia. probable worst time to go anywhere why not me.

when i come here. welcome back on monday's show we heard about big going big going cash and crypto represent a revolution that's not the way some people see it though joining me now is former citigroup global chief economist and original member of the bank of england one tree policy committee will and we are thank you so much willem for coming on you believe because it is intrinsically worthless it is. those disagree. it has value. do you extend people believe. bitcoin is it's just.

some see it has no intrinsic value not just that but it is extremely costly to jews. syria. mining process so it is an environmentally unfriendly intrinsically valuable this. private c.s. clearance. well we're going on the way you think it's a private fee had country in it in a moment and of course big going to vote will say you're talking about the new money supply off big coin the existing ones have already been mined and take up no environmental impact i suppose apart from the computers that we're using anyway i mean surely they would say it has an intrinsic value in that people who support the bitcoin currency believe it is an emblem of

a totally new financial architecture without people like you and what you did at the bank of england or the european bank for reconstruction and development. road who feels currency. and as such it is really what people think it is this can be if you see 1000 as opposed to less than 10000 year ago. was a tense of a cent 1st was issued. or it could be nothing. both steve's equilibria exist in a possibilities. it's a very high risk of disaster. privacy or currency that provides investment of duties for those whose deep pockets and tolerance which should be

avoided by people who don't have those. well if you don't have much money it could surely be argued that the quantitative easing the fall of the 2008 banking crisis was highly risky for those individuals that learn the austerity policies of politicians that. theoretically are a separate 2 independent central bankers i mean you must be aware of the game stop a stock spike recently some small investors these are the tiniest of investors they don't have much money they said we don't care if we lose what we're trying to do is either annihilate and destroy the vested interest hedge funds or in the case of bitcoin we're trying to destroy the power of central bankers and the illusion that they are separate to politics and then seeing the central bankers do so separate to politics there hasn't been

a remarkably high degree of this fact to coordination more to fiscal policy since i should i can i just interrupt there willing because if i had interviewed you if i didn't have you had you when you were still a monetary policy committee or the bank committee member of the bank of england you'd have been saying we are totally independent. women who are independent entities can coordinate and cooperate there is no conflict sara lee. independent central bank and the central bank explicitly cooperates wrist and. useless searches. all independence means is that you can't be told what to do not that you can't choose to call critical ordinary and be seen a lot of that if you see. right a bit of it more in the year to come as the u.s.

especially further fish policing like to go out of the pipeline and as i hope central bank go cry are significant amount of the additional software and debt that is issued spars of these physical exercises well that again will be referred to by those who advise investing in bitcoin i mean i'm not sure how you see it will depend on how that 2 trillion dollars of joe biden spending how it's used of course in the coronavirus spending but what's happened in previous bailouts it is of course the rich get richer the poor are getting poorer and the poor are losing the values intrinsic to his arrest in their currency as opposed to bit coin which is separate i don't think it has been an instrument of. great wealth redistribution equalization but it is 2 extremely relaxed

expensive mood policy and the extremely low asset use that has used force. as created the bills do. asked. this guy who has increased equality there's no doubt about it this time sue fiscal measures especially you address these quality consequences of the measures taken thus far because they're clearly morally and except you know of course that that if i put on a near liberal hat of austerity i'll be saying if you look at the 10 year bond auction the other day actually you are being far too pessimistic and and fiscal easing and a bit of expansionary activity is just what's called for now not what you're

implying austerity. you're seeing you need more fiscal stimulus to support there or not over and not. the composition. going to be as important as it is let's just explore the geopolitical dimension to bitcoin i'm sure i don't know whether it was discussed when you were back at the m.p.c. to learn of the european bank i mean nato countries when they want to destroy a country they attack the currency by a sanctions whether it be then is whether cuba zimbabwe iran don't you think that for a large part of the global south bitcoin is an opportunity to defend themselves against nature nation sanctions hitting their currencies because it is just a speculative venture. it is. dr

concocted fjords currency value is good remain extremely uncertain do a lot. to the place of probity issues if your currency is. you see you know a lot of people will say a lot of people say don't call it a fee had currency and i presume the reason you're calling it a fee and currency is all based on one particular investor in bitcoin which is a pub whose publicized recently elan musk. it isn't a fee have currency because surely the numbers of people that are investing will accumulate an amount to far more than these individual big investors when added together. field currency has nothing to do with the lover of people especially when it has something to do with a central bank or rather than decentralization it is decentralized if if you

actually said that bitcoin gertrud. take over s. . fact a currency of a nation you can stop. the policy stabilisation or defacto or the power of the central bank is ok if you reject that the bitcoin as such is not more valuable than a fair currency than a commodity even as some have it because they say it is intrinsically this idea of a liberation from central banks. the coronavirus is clearly upset economy is in in the west far worse than the 28 crisis you don't believe that you have to adjust your views of bitcoin given that there may be a correlation between the coronavirus and bitcoin it's not just as much as the old big investor putting money in for these. dutch tulip spikes no i don't think

any see it it proves 90. aftermath. truck to. store of value or means of and you reject that. actually far from as some of its proponents say it is an emblem of hajek and the and that kind of spiritualistic free market philosophy it's not actually quite marxist in that each bitcoin represents labor albeit the labor of computers producing those blocked chains that can't be copied so show you the production of bridgeport is a costly going to be based. as it. detracts from. track to use off bits corey was certainly polls of fund

managers and mainstream media commentators all appear to have agree with you don't believe though that it could be used as a weapon of class struggle as the rich get richer and the poor get poorer along with industrial action as we approach economic times that we haven't seen say here for 300 years. no it's a very risky or. instrument struggle and so i suppose just while we're while we have you very quickly what do you see as the main threat to the british economy given the president the times were in and the kind of soviet izing of the economy catalyzed by curve it. off. do need to go back to the drawing board basically. go over it 90 visited sue variants is

this. british will be there or thank you and that's it for the show will be back on monday but until then join me on the ground on social media and never miss an interview by subscribing to us from you tube and hit the bed like wanted to notifications a. bird do you lost your book in your off the. hook with relation mr knight the son of the beach well storm of the lower street viewer us through all of fish. when you go to the movie way of go at him with video e.p.o. then i'm done with. that in still. at the knees and

i'm with you to keep up. the british and american governments have often been accused of destroying lives in their own interests while you see in this these techniques is the state devising methods to end to essentially destroy the personality of an individual. by scientific meaning this is how one doctor's theories were allegedly used in psychological warfare against prisoners deemed a danger to the state that was the foundation for the method of psychological interrogation psychological court for the cia disseminated within the us intelligence community and worldwide among our allies for the next 30 years and how the victims say they still live with the consequences.

in headlines this saturday morning the insist splits begin to imagine europe have an american role in the block security not everyone is convinced with president joe biden's month that america is back. seat it's time for us to take much more of the burden the fall on protection you feel to the u.s. we see need to. we can. to be more politically to the to our borders. a lot of talk but little action flow from leaders pledged billions of euros for extra funding for the kind of angst scheme as coronavirus talked to the agenda of the g. 7 summit. and says no sign of protests dying down in spain as the cunt.