called hope to earth's neighboring planet mars joining me now from dubai is the u.s. minister for advanced sciences and the chair of the country's space agency sarah amery thanks sarah so much for coming on the show as i say the headlines here all about princess 30 for dubai not about mars a tall tell me about the hope mission the hope mission is of is our 1st planter exploration mission from the emirates today the orbiter is around maurice for us this is our very 1st science mission that's going to characterize the atmosphere of mars and it's will we come mars is very 1st weather satellite to better understand the dynamics happens around an entire martian year for us it's been a remarkable 7 year journey now of working on designing and developing a very complex system with which we work through the united states universities of colorado arizona state university receive california berkeley to transfer

a lot of know how and experience towards our engineers so that we can get to the point today were able to develop complex into nearing systems yet one of the instruments scientists in colorado was quoted as saying the images coming from the the mission are breathtaking with a breathtaking view that was andrew jones saying the 1st images of as it approached the planet. yes that 1st image was breathtaking for me that the image that was more wrecked was not the one that was released that was the preprocessed image it's natural to process it just that are captured this is the 1st time that the instruments was used in orbit around mars and for it's to have that remarkable image and also for us to observe from that image the cloud systems that we were going to be are going to study in the differences that actually is there in that snapshot covering that area of mars at the scale and at the distance that we've

captured it we've never seen that before i know you're collaborating with these different universities no direct collaboration though with the perseverance mission or china's channel one mission even though everyone sees 3 going to moyes this week or in the next few months we purposely designed our mission to be complimentary to the science of other missions so you're bridging a gap but ensuring that your scientific data is not only used by your own science team and i'd like to mention that our science team is an international science team includes iraqi scientists and also includes experienced scientists that are part of this. so the data can be used by our science team but it can also be used by scientists that are that are looking at different areas of the atmosphere once we start getting our data we will also look for complementary missions where we can also use our data sets together with their data sets to get a more comprehensive understanding of the area science that we're steady of course some may say that it's ironic that it's funded by the fossil fuel reserves of the

u.a.e. but it may tell us about fossil fuel created climate change and climate catastrophe here on earth is that part of the mission to investigate the atmosphere to tell us about what's happening in iran or. so resetting is a natural phenomena of transformations of planets overall and looking at mars which is a close resemblance to earth and understanding better how mars has evolved as a planetary system its atmosphere has evolved how climate change happened within mars gets us a better understanding on climate change from a macro perspective from the perspective of what happens to planets generally speaking the mission is a result of investment in people to development and prostitutes often for the country for us diversifying our economy is very important therefore investment and intellectual capital investment in science and technology is now one of the current quarter stones off the establishment of new sectors to this mission we've also

found a way by which you are able to establish an industry within the country that typically we didn't have before suspicious didn't exist prior to 2006 we're talking about designing in developing spacecrafts today we've reached the point where our are through the building objects perience through various partnerships with various countries and various institutions and organizations around the world are you aware of how the hard science affects science down here on earth because people are who deny climate change are very interested in this mission showing the temperature cycles are natural as opposed to those who have the vast majority of scientists who understand that the temperature cycle on earth currently is not natural at all and isn't so climate change we do believe it is not a natural phenomena we're seeing here natural phenomena is part of it when you look at a system you look at it holistically from scientific perspective you look at it from

a control and that's why you study other planets that's a control systems and you also look for it's on the implications that are happening here now you're probably not aware that over here the british broadcasting corporation as i say has been talking about sanctions against the usa. do you think the. there are broader geopolitical concerns as regarding your partnerships i know the czech mohamed who i should say used to just work for all a t.v. company sheikh mohammed says is a 2024 moon mission on the way from the u.a.e. iran is planning a moon mission apparently 2025. how does your space agency work out who to partner with obviously partnering with the united states isn't a problem but partnering with the u.s. is perceived enemies even on something as pure science as a space mission to investigate the atmosphere is seen as controversial in nato countries. so the way that we are approaching partnership is through the mutual understanding of various parties for us last was that was the was the organization

of choice because we did have a common belief on on an understanding of the power that this mission has in terms of collaboration in terms of building bridges the partnerships that we have other than on the emirates mars mission when we talk about our device that programs on earth observation we worked at such a mission of added south korea we as a space agency do have partnerships overarching across different countries it's based on the objectives of those missions and that's how partnerships are selected you mentioned south korea there which has done very well with co with you're probably aware i don't know you that your covert death rate is 17 times less than here in britain just very briefly you're the minister for it but science how have you be unmanaged to tackle coronavirus seemingly so much better than britain the coronavirus has been tackled from the very early stages within the emirates and it's been looked at by various stakeholders the 1st is ensuring the maintenance of

and reduction of spread ability of the disease what we're focusing on today is ensuring that people have access to vaccines and different types of vaccines and this is today a part of our large endeavor within the country to ensure that vaccinations are widespread hospitals are ready to accept to accept patients at any time and whenever there is a challenge with accepting patients there as expansion efforts into putting in field hospitals pretty rapidly that's nations happening cross all the different emirates vaccinations it's free of charge and there is i think 3 or 4 types of back scenes being provided salary thank you well all surround was is nothing joining me now from london is professor sanjay gupta is on math as miles 2020 rover mission team which coordinated this week's landing to investigate marc. life just tell me about why it's up there and why it's landing in the just 0 crater this way well

it's super exciting it's all about you know this sort of deep philosophical question is are we alone in the universe you know or did life arise elsewhere and mars is the most earth like planets and was today mars looks really stark our it and desolate in the ancient past 1000000000 years billions of years ago if you want to mars you've seen late and maybe oceans. and so we can just recreate it because we think it was an ancient lake with the rivers feeding into it and forming a delta and these are the perfect environments of microbial life to form so if we want to answer this question we've got to go investigate the rocks that were formed a prevention conditions but importantly what this mission is doing which is different to previous mission it's the 1st step in bringing those rocks back so what we will do is we will collect rocks keep the little course keep them on the on

the rover and collect about 30 of them and then leave them on the surface for future mission to collect on this program we talk about lethal us drone of killing people in weddings in yemen this is a very different type of drone you go out on the mission the nicer week just tell tell me about the engineer iffy. so ingenuity is just a technology demonstrator it's really it's about. can we have powered flight on mars what they're interested in is a space increase scouting essentially but you know it's not the main part of the mission is a technician a stretch the main part of the mission is the road collecting data but surely professor if you go all that way why not just get an add on to the drone through it get to collect rock rather feel it's very very difficult to start it's difficult enough doing it with the program and the reason is that basically the 2 key elements firstly you don't want to take life from earth to mars.

because how would you check life on mars so yeah it's all very clean and also you don't want to bring back any lethal life from mars but we don't know what we're going to find so it's all going to be very self-contained and really carefully collected etc i'm sure you're used to this question with every space mission $2400000000.00 of u.s. taxpayers money and that through a country $40000000.00 got eat tonight without state aid are you expecting biomarkers to be very clearly discernible in the stuff that it brings back so the curiosity mission has discovered organic compounds we can't tell in martian rocks and we can't tell whether a life or not a so you know we will look for bio marcus in the course that come back but also we it's not just about life as many other questions actually learn about ourselves in some way in a weird sort of way so the oldest. rocks on earth are destroyed and very poorly preserved basically so it's very difficult to beat the early signatures of earth

history from those rocks now mars has abundant really ancient rocks which and because nasa doesn't have pay tektronix those books are well preserved so we can actually try to understand the early volution of mars really belt by looking at those rocks explain questions of plantar evolutions actually that might tell us a little bit about how early earth formed to by understanding early mustn't these are questions we can't actually answer on and also europe europe and russia sending us. interest rates to the eczema scrapers a collaboration between east and ross carson asked again with that sort of thing for searching for life but i was actually talking to the ministers of space from the usa about the relevance to earth whether it be about climate change those who want to deny it saying you see will be able to show temperature cycles or natural but more importantly and perhaps very very seriously do you think that and

i by biomarkers i meant as i was wife of course aside from that will it be hospitable for us if climate catastrophe predictions are true here on earth i think that's a fantasy i think so i don't think i would want to get a basket there it's a very desolate cold dry areas place it's a place to go to explore for science. but it's not i don't think it's a place that's about 8 to go and live on the you very conscious of the fact that it's defense and arms spending that is driving this i mean obviously for 3 months and talking about the need for militarizing space the dollar trump administration's massive investment in space forces are scientists on this mission this week. that they're conscious of this works with all missions this is purely a scientific mission you know it's purely about science and it involves many

nations so we have many many nations involved in this mission and so it's about science basically it's not about defense or anything like that you mention this project with russia what what is that mission exactly that's a that's a road that's going to launch in 2022 and it's a collaboration between european space agency and ross cosmos and that's. that's going to put a rover that's actually been built in britain. the president franklin roosevelt and a lander system on the surface of mars and that will be a rover that will search again for signs of life very big drill new drill deep into the martian surface up to 2 meters and it will look beyond the radiation damage as a mass because it does not yet and a magnetic field is constantly being bombarded by radiation that can damage any

organic matter or signs of life so by drilling deep into the martian surface. we can recover more pristine sample so that's a beautiful collaboration again involving many nations in that and you know scientific endeavor is another branch to such people like resits and you go to thank you after the break where of bitcoin a former bank of england monetary policy committee member tells us it's not safe to invest in crypto. the global seller markets approximately just under 2 trillion so certainly within a few months because it will be vaulting over silver it's on its way in my believe in 2021 to get half way or so against the market capitalization of gold that it would be 4 trillion on its way to 10 trillion and then you know once it gets past all there's only the dollars left.

in the 1920 s. and thirty's several 100 african-americans moved to the soviet union and many of their descendants still live in russia. being at the risk of you know not washed but i thought it was tough yes it. took on things in their way. back home but i can merican suffered from racism and a complete lack of prospects. in the real libya losing show them one by elsa store on her by doing. so they decided to leave everything behind and start a new life in a country about which they knew almost nothing at all some of the rear troops who were through during the night. found great crowds. to move a few you're going to call. you. know almost a 100 years later the history is repeating itself my great grandfather george time

he went to russia. probably the worst time to go anywhere why not me. when i come here. welcome back on monday's show we heard how big going because in cash and crypto represent a revolution that's not the way some people see it though joining me now is former citigroup global chief economist and original member the bank of england money tree policy committee will and we take our thank you so much willem for coming on you believe because it is intrinsically worthless it is. there's no doz disagreement about. it has value to the

extent that people believe it has. a bit coy in its it's just too good. for some saying it has no it to see exactly. not just that but it is extremely costly. serious. mining so it isn't environmentally friendly intrinsically said to this. private c.i.s. currency. well we'll get on the way you think it's a private rehab currently and in a moment and of course big going to vote will say you were talking about the new money supply off big corn the existing ones have already been mined and take up no environmental impact i suppose apart from the computers that we're using anyway i mean surely they would say it has an intrinsic value in that

people who support the big question currency believe it is an emblem of a totally new financial architecture without people like you and what you did at the bank of england or the european bank for reconstruction and development when it's right. see us currency. and as such it is really what people think. this can be if you see 1000 as opposed to less than 10000 year ago. was a tense of percent 1st was issued. or it could be nothing. most easy to libya existing of possibilities.

it's a very high risk of disaster. probes your currency that provides investment of duties for those whose deep pockets and tolerance which should be avoided by people who don't have course you scared. well if you don't have much money it could surely be argued that the quantitative easing the fall in the 2008 banking crisis was highly risky for those individuals that learn the austerity policies of politicians that. theoretically are separate 2 independent central bankers i mean you must be aware of the game stop a stock spike recently some small investors these are the tiniest of investors they don't have much money they said we don't care if we lose what we're trying to do is either annihilate and destroy the vested interest hedge funds or in the case of bitcoin we're trying to destroy the power of central bankers and the illusion that

they are separate to politics and then seeing the central bankers use your circular to point to been. remarkably high degree off to coordination more to fiscal policy since i should i can i just interrupt there willing because if i had interviewed you if i didn't have you due when you were still a monetary policy committee or the bank committee member of the bank of england you'd have been saying we are totally independent. were independent entities can coordinate and cooperate there is no conflict sara lee. central bank and the central bank that explicitly cooperates really is. useless searchers. all independent means just that you can't be told what to do not that you can't choose to call critic ordinary and be

seen a lot of that if you see i hope write a bit of it more in the year to come as in the us especially for the fish policing like you go out of the pipeline and as i hope central bank euro prior significant amount of the additional software and debt that is issued as part of the fiscal exercise well that again will be referred to by those who advise investing in bitcoin i mean i'm not sure how you see it will depend on how that 2 trillion dollars of joe biden spending how it's used of course in the coronavirus spending but what's happened in previous bailouts it is of course the rich get richer the poor getting poorer and the poor are losing the values intrinsic to his or her friends in their currency as opposed to make point which is separate i

don't think it has been instrument of. great wealth redistribution equalization but it is 2 extremely relaxed expensive policy and the extremely low acid use that has used its force. as created the bells do acid. viscous it has increased inequality there's no doubt about it it is time that suit fiscal measures especially you address these equality consequences of the measures taken thus far because they're clearly morally acceptable. you know of course that that if i put on a near liberal hat of austerity i'll be saying if you look at the 10 year bond auction the other day actually you are being far too pessimistic and and fiscal

easing and a bit of expansionary activity is just what's called for now not what you're implying austerity. you're seeing you need more fiscal stimulus to support not over. the composition. of using force. that's just explore the geopolitical dimension to bitcoin i'm sure i don't know whether it was discussed when you were back at the m.p.c. to learn of the european bank i mean nato countries when they want to destroy a country they attack the currency by sanctions whether it be ben israel or cuba zimbabwe iran judge you think that for a large part of the global south bitcoin is an opportunity to defend themselves

against nature nation sanctions hitting their currencies. it is a. drug called cost to figure out currency whose value is remain extremely uncertain do a lot. to the place of poverty issues if your currency is. you see you know a lot of people will say a lot of people say don't call it a fee had currency and i presume the reason you're calling it a fee and currency is all based on one particular investor in bed going which is a pub whose publicized reason the lawn musk. it isn't a fee have currency because surely the numbers of people that are investing will accumulate an amount to far more than these individual big investors when added together. field currency has nothing to do is the number of people in question

but it has something to do with a central bank or rather than decentralization it is decentralized. if you actually said that bitcoin grew to. take over as. fact a currency of a nation your shop. policy stabilization or defacto or the power of the central bank is ok if you reject that the bitcoin as such is not more valuable than a than you had currency than a commodity even as some have it because they say this is intrinsically this idea of a liberation from central banks. the coronavirus is clearly upset economy is in in the west far worse than the 28 crisis you don't believe that you have to adjust your views of bitcoin given that there may be

a correlation between the coronavirus and bitcoin it's not just it's not just the old big investor putting money in for these. dutch tulip spikes no i don't think any see it it proved 90. aftermath good marriage. tract if. store of value or means of it and you reject that. actually far from as some of its proponents say it is an emblem of hajek and the and that kind of spiritualistic free market philosophy it's not actually quite marxist in that each bitcoin represents labor albeit the labor of computers producing those blocked chains that can't be copied so show you the production of bridgeport is a costly very mentally based. as it detracts

from. truck to use off bits corey was certainly polls of fund managers and mainstream media commentators all appear to have agree with you don't believe though that it could be used as a weapon of class struggle as the rich get richer and the poor get poorer along with industrial action as we approach economic times that we haven't seen say here for 300 years. no it's a very vicious thought of. instrument struggle and so i suppose just while we're while we have you very quickly what do you see as the main threat to the british economy given the president at times were and the kind of soviet izing of the economy catalyzed back of it.

off. do you need to go back to the drawing board. if this is to sue a very. british woman waiter i thank you and that's it for the show will be back on monday but until then join the underground social media and never miss an interview by subscribing to us from you tube and hit the bed like concertina notification.

though do you trust your book in your. funny. book with. machine night the sort of the beach well storm of lower street view of us rule. when you go to the movie way of feeling good in the video it. that in still has the soul of the d.c. and i'm with you keep on keep the leash. please.

russia becomes the 1st country to approve 300 coronavirus vaccines off the coast of africa gets the green light. raises set a law as you can companies look to bring in controversial no jab no joke contracts with all the pandemic and we think given this so many people who are on even if they are not people should be a victim mine's the action. and president bottom declares a major disaster in texas as the state struggles to recover from crippling winter storms.