ah dime, option retention, we're going under god revealing the stories hidden by a leads coming up in the show as the 54th session of the i p. c. c needs for the latest report card for the environment. amidst catastrophic floods and fires, we ask one of the i p ccs lead authors if capitalism and climate protection compatible and as towns in the u. k. south west revolt against wealthy 2nd homeowners hollering out that communities we investigate the global issue of new liberal class warfare through the microscope of the back to winning bait. a film that explores gentrification in cornwall goal is more coming up in today's going underground. the 1st, the 54 session of the governmental panel on climate change continues. today. i'm in an environmentally catastrophic summer all around the world. joining me from aberdeen is one of the i p c's lead authors and the science director of the scottish climate change center of expertise. professor pete smith. thanks so much for coming on to as the lead author in the past for the i p c. c will. what do you

expect with 50 votes session? what do you expect for all these meetings running up to november's big conference call per $26.00 is yeah. so cop 26 in glasgow. that's right. so. so what i expect from this one, this is working group one, which is reporting working group, one of my pcc is the working group that looks at the physical science and the climate ology. so that basically reporting what's happened with emissions, what's likely to happen with the climate in the future, and what the physical science bases are going to be to other meetings full of following comp $26.00, which look the impacts meditation. so that's what impacts the climate change will happen. now we adapt and working group 3 is the great the i maybe work for we look at mitigation. so what can we do in the way we change our lives? what to governments need to do to prevent climate change from happening and ever since cope 20 got one. when that was within scope one c o 2 emissions of increased

every time. there's been a co op conference year on year on. yeah, yeah, absolutely inexorable rise. that's what we need. we need to plateau that we need to peak peak c o 2 as soon as possible, and then start to decline that very rapidly. otherwise, we're in trouble. i mean, you've been in this for decades now, and obviously the news media is properly catching up. they don't do the 2 sides ism any more. how do you reflect on the way that big multinational companies have lobbied against the kind of research work that you have done over so many decades? yeah, i understand it from their commercial point of view. it's in their best interest may be to try and delay action for some industries to do like action on climate change. but the science is always being clear that we need to act. we need to reduce emissions immediately and aggressively. and now, since the paris plan,

the agreement, when we call the all the global governments to the world to sign up, we now have commitment. at least we need to convert that into action. obviously though we have commitments to, to address that issue to keep global warming below 2 degrees celsius, about the pre industrial levels, with all, all attempts to, to, to limit that to 1.5 degrees celsius about, i mean, i'm not even sure it's commercial decisions because there's no way to sell it to have everyone's dead. clearly, i don't know whether you heard about. one of the review is still to be the cost or expert i species he review saying $1.00 would be disastrous to degrees would be a catastrophe and impossible world will lose food production. yeah, so they're all gonna be we're already experienced in climate change. climate change is not something that's happening in the future off that 1.5 degree warming we've, we've measured that i guess pre industrial baseline. and we've already increased

global temperatures average by 1.2 degrees celsius. so of that 1.5, you know, we've already got 1.1.2 degrees of warming. so we've only got point 3 degrees left . so we really need to turn this round quickly. this is the decade or action. we need to take a media aggressive action to reduce our fossil fuel emissions. i mean, i'm new climate change dinner, but it does not annoy you even the, when the new says that this summer there's been loads of flooding in germany. the wildfires and the u. s. you just said pre industrial, right. the idea of a 4 and a half 1000000000 year old planet being judged on what a couple of 100 years of data. that's not, that's not me looking and saying it's hot for the last 10 seconds is going to be home forever. why do they, why does the news on tv use these figures at all? and do they help climate change deniers? when it was the ice code? a 3 is the one to use. why? why did they did? why did we do this week?

we could look at the school day to the reasons we look at the pre industrial era, the industrial areas, because that's when we've done the damage. all the damage that we've done to climate change, all the emissions of c o 2 and may say nitrous oxide occurred since the industrial revolution. so that's why we're talking about the pre industrial era. everything up to them was fairly stable. you look at the 10000 years leading up to the industrial revolution round about 181850 the c o 2 concentrations in the low concentrations. me thank concentrations were relatively stable. the fluctuation for the long term $10000.00, the train was stable during the industrial revolution when we started to exploit fossil fuels, to make, to make everybody richer and happier we, we've emitted those to meet those greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and that is what has pushed okay, i understand that contact with the data is pointless and useless in effect. i mean, it doesn't make any sense in terms of statistical significance. oh,

really does. yeah. so we've increased the c o 2 concentration massively in the, in the past. in since i side working in this, you know, we've gone up from 360 pounds per 1000000 to 400 over 400 parts per 1000000. and we, we're not going to edit that. below that unless we address the climate change issue very quickly and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. so it is, is absolutely to fix to statistically significant. and we can see the data, and we have the causal link between the greenhouse gases and the, and the temperature increase. and the climate change in all the extra. yeah. it's that it's that correlation. i mean, the lots of big multinational companies that have in the past deliberately and it's been exposed again and again, deliberately tried to destroy the kind of work you and many other scientists have been doing over decades. i mean, that was really just this month shelves. biggest political lobby donation was to the american petroleum institute, their ceo, mike, someone says, a rush,

transition to electric vehicles as part of a government action to limit americas transportation choice. i mean, cheryl is supposed to be all green now. it says it can do stuff while being on committees at the a p. i and it's a great positive impact from within. what do you make of the powerful forces ranged against the conclusions of the kind of work you've been doing? well, i think i think the narrative is changed. i can't comment on individual companies what i doing. but the narrative changed. i think that they're no longer trying to deny that it's happening. they're no longer trying to deny that there's a link between human activity. but they're now trying to say that he's going to go to the office, just got people out of business. we're going to lose jobs. and we must slow down because we can't rush this transition. because if we rush this transition out, companies will be in trouble, and industry will be in trouble. and all that pension funds, which are tied up with these things, will be in trouble. but it's

a bullet we've got to buy, we have to buy hard and we have to buy the quickly, we'll shelf as ever a bust environmental policies. i don't know how much modeling you've done using microsoft software. but bill gates, when it comes to mitigation, was favoring this alliance for a green revolution. encouraging. mano cultures, large scale commercial monoculture is what it would effect is that on the soil, is that going to save countries that it was effected? i think a better solution would be to use niger based solutions. the 1st thing we must reduce our emissions. so we have to missions aggressively mediately. i've already said that a couple of times on top of that there's going to be going to be some emission left in the mix by 20. if we still want to fly, it's all last week and transition to hydrogen and sustainable. feels that we're still going to be in some fossil fuels the ation industry. and we need to respond to things like 10000000 people on the planet 2050 and that greenhouse gases,

nitrous oxide, everything. so we're still going to have some greenhouse gases causing climate change. so what we need to do is to to remove the answer from the atmosphere using something called nature bi solutions and planning native trees is one example, restoring lenses. another example manager ashley hills, is another example of how we can work with nature to benefit by benefit the climate . by sucking up some of that carbon, carbon dioxide is currently in the atmosphere stored in biological pools. and you can be using big industrial companies, big agribusiness, big pharmaceutical companies, producing fertilizers, they're all, they're all with you now that we've got to cope 20 x. i wouldn't say that that we're with us because we need to, we need to reduce the amount of nitrogen allies apply to that because not wiser is one of the main was as much like emissions. so there are gonna be,

some are all going to be some winners and losers in this transition. but we have to find a way of transitioning to a, to a lower comp and future. that means taking some of these bases. we have to take these businesses with us, but that means that we have to, they have to develop the same time that to be nimble and develop new business models with their responsibilities to their shareholders. in terms of assure not shareholders children about their children. does that mean? does that mean they're not going to come on board? i mean, it's capitalism even compatible with the world, your envisaging, which, which would mean that our children and grandchildren survive. it has to be so, so there are some people that argue that we have to tell us we can tackle climate change. i think that's

a much more difficult thing to do. i think we're tackling climate change is difficult enough already. so we have to get relatively work against some of the incumbents. we have to work with them. let me give you an example. the oil and gas industry currently extracts fossil fuels, rosters, run our cars. and so what we may need to do in the future is because the, we have an interest in climate change quickly enough. we might have to renew some c o 2 from the atmosphere and store in geological storage on the ground. so that's the oil and gas wells and the gas tank. and the oil and gas industry have all the skills available, the technology to put that back on the ground. so we paid them 100 years to extract fossil fuels. us, it may be in the future. we need to pay them to pump c o 2 to ground worse. so they have to transition from a business model where it's extracted from which i boyland fossil fuels out of the ground oil and gas to another one, where they are storing c o 2 on the ground. so very different ways in which

industries can be brought along and can still work within a market economy to get shareholders and those that refuse to transition, i think there's, there's going to come a time very soon when they fossil fuel companies are going to lose their social license to, to, to extract fossil fuels, take a look and say enough is enough. we don't want all technology. we've all renewables . and last year classes are going to assemble and they're going to get strive assets. going to have a bunch of stuff on there and they know this and they have to transition. i'm not sure what they say when they're loving the politicians. i mean, just finally, if we did stop using fossil fuels for our cars, if everyone in the world did, i know the huge revolution in the transportation being strategized by the chinese communist party, there's still be the pentagon. and people say the pentagon emits, as many is more than as many as $140.00 countries when it comes to c o. 2. and you

know about the wars in recent years being waged is the u. s. military compatible with any of this modeling of degrees centigrade? is it compatible or can, can the pentagon continue the way it does imaging c o 2 on that scale? i think we need to single out the u. s. in this case, i think all military operations, libby us, the largest military on earth is, is the largest military on us. and we don't know the exact extent of the emissions, the, those emissions military emissions from any country on report and national greenhouse gas adventurous. so we don't know how much they him it so that he was, it could be worth $26.00 going to be talking about if they don't know some of the biggest images, maybe somebody does, but they're not reported and they're not, they're not, they're not openly available i can't access those recipe to that. thank you. now after the break, we examine the global themes of the back to winning bay to film about

gentrification in england that takes aim at the wealthier leads, who like you gave evidence, devoris johnson arguably use the country as their personal playground. all the more coming up and part of going on. the grad ah, what we've got to do is identify the threats that we have. it's crazy foundation, let it be an arms race is often very dramatic. development only personally, i'm going to resist. i don't see how that strategy will be successful, very political time. time to sit down and talk me welcome back. when you k prime minister barak johnston traveled to cornwall for the g 7 in june, he brought me 65000000 in funding to create

a fitting legacy for the summit. arguably, the other g 7 legacy was a corona virus spike. but his johnson's promise of money too little too late for a county blighted by decades of austerity, neoliberalism and gentrification of after winning film bates looks at the people affected by those universal issues through the lens of class conflict between the rich and the poor. in a cornish fishing village, going on the ground deputy charley cook caught up with the films director mark jenkins in in the black and white 16 millimeter hand process film about a small village in comb or a fishing village which is at the center of a a civil war, i suppose, something bubbling under the surface as it transitions from being

a place of industry increasingly into a place of simple trade. and did you expect it to become such a big room? it's difficult to, to, to distance to have any distance on it. really, i don't, i don't see it as a, as a massive hit i get told all the time that it is. and you know, i mean, relatively speaking, it was, it was a big success. we never saw, it was going to be bigger than i think. i never think, you know stands i never think that the audience. ready never think of the commercial value of anything, i suppose deep down as somebody saw me saw that at least somebody would like the film also in about the making it and pushing it for pushing to get it made for so long. how did you come to kind of write the phone with how much of it is based on your personal experience? how much of it is kind of invented otherwise? i mean, mostly it's based in, in truth. maybe not necessarily factual, but there's

a truth to it. and i mean, where we live in through and coleman at the moment. my message is getting on social media and links to new stories about what's going on in como. where people are jokingly saying is pay a document to you because all of these things are happening at the moment and they start to say that the film was prophetic in any way. you know, a lot of these, i'm cognitive, it was a lot be quite awkward bedfellows that the hearing comb or those relationships. so i've always been probably my thing is always been incidents like the ones in bay and that rear and i had the moment so it's an ongoing thing. it's pretty time the story ready. i'm going to have to ask you again. it is private parking. people don't worry about that. she's pretty sturdy. me trust and the net loft

cannot. it's not into tomorrow. the clean has been so yeah, i know that i'm going home now. anyways, when you are making the phone, do you think about the kind of passion po between it being very specific to como and it also being a more universal story of, of something that's happening all over the country. wilder voice heard people say, you've got to make something very specific in order for it to be universal and i probably spell it out myself in the past. but it wasn't until making bait. i realized that that was true. the 1st draft of when it was different and as the same film but a different screen plan, a different form. it was called the holiday pop, much more literal title. and it was about very specific power comb with and i was worried at that point when i was writing that draft that other people in coma wouldn't relate to it because it was so specific to a specific car of coal mine and went from thinking that way to then being in place,

being in new york or sample or wherever it was with the film and, and people coming up to me and saying, you know, this film could be about us. so yeah, you do have to go very specific to their i'd say i'm going to say the case to be universal. and i think the reason is that if you go specific you write about what you understand people can recognize some sort of commonality. i read a interview with you when you said that the enemy of the film is the kind of economic system can use to expand on that idea for some people. so this one was balanced now as fast. so everybody and other people accuse me of stereotyping. the, the income as well to part time this within the community that i was portraying. and i think the praise people see wherever they want to see what they're watching and that will come from a very subjective point of view. they're probably mine. i doubt it. i've lost a novel. i bought them online then like

a battery that needed modernizing. nice pull rama. very nautical. you didn't have to sell. this is half that may, well, i wanted to kind of highlight was the fact that the, everybody's kind of being promised the world within out, you know, and my cousin is the cornish, a cornish coastal community where you can, that's this. and that's that, you know, you can come and you can buy up or you can stand a proxy or you can, you can buy a little bit of community and then you've got, you know, you can sit there and you can eat, you can eat fresh class on, on your white linen and drink pressure, orange juice and look out the window and,

and see the coil, fishermen coming in and all this kind of stuff. and it's all a lie because i see the reality of that is what the films trying to and what i'm trying to express in the film is, you know, i did an industrial, you're going into a place is only that because of industry. and as long as the industry clings on, then it's going to be noisy. it's going to be smelly. you're going to be inconvenienced that bear paradise you've been promised is a lie and somebody's making money out of it. and everybody were in that situation to greater or lesser extent is a victim. so for example, the most be able to come up with a baby come down and stay in the old fishermen. net last am. it's quite easy to demonize them. any comes out and start showing the fishermen telling them that breaking the law or in making noise before cocoa is kind of stuff is quite simplistic in a way. and they are kind of stereotypes. but you asked before about which bits of the film a real and rich bay some made up the end. not so much word for word. an exchange freshman friend of mine told me about just down the hill here and but they want to

demonize those people because they have been sold a lot. so i think what i was trying to express was the idea that somebody's making a lot of money out of out out of these kind of situations and those, you know how to play the game will always succeed. and you'll have all of these other people who are disenfranchised by you fail power less. who wouldn't stop reacting in ways that will harm them and how many of a community and that's kind of where the lead character and bait collins himself. i think the way he way he goes navy

see on the beach and other kind of what i'm, what might be being the balancing act is how much politics you inject into the film . because you hair politics. and macy is kind of dispassionately played over the radio within timmons, andras house or the wealthier couple how, how much of a kind of balancing act was it to make the film again, as you said, that kind of time the story but also link it to the very specific political moment that they were living 3 aspects of the with brack, that fishing industry that he's part of the obviously with as a kind of cloth for aspect about around the time when the film came out. a few of the 1st let reviews points out the fact that the film might be to the 1st british bricks it film. and i think people's way into that was the radio, the, the discussion, the radio forced out discussion that was going on in the background or the 2nd homeowners house, which was really just there is sonic fila. course it was bricks,

it, you know, but to me it was like white noise because that was all we were here and it was a discussion i was going know i was, it's viewpoints that were entrenched that we can round and round and round. so i never saw about it, but i think when people came to the film, fresh critics, he wrote the 1st, the 1st reviews they, they heard the words on the fisheries come and you can come and patient policy and whatnot. and then so this is just about rex and then was able to, so look at the film, a guy. yeah. this is you know, it whether it's al, agree or is, or this is a trust breaks it. and i and i home, i thought, well, it's not because this film was written 20 years before breaks it. but then i started thinking about it but, but then i still breaks. it happened 20 years ago. really what we, what we were seeing 5 years ago with regard to the vo and everything that was, that was the result of what happened the generation ago. so it can help but be in

it's no, it's not over. of course, it's going to be in the field if you may, if you're writing. so i'm going to say in a contemporary british community, then it's always going to be political. there's always going to be a school element. and if there isn't a political element in that, then are more interested because it's not anything. yeah, i just want to ask you about something because your phone was being billed as one of the top items on this who we are now. cultural exchange program with strayer, so the often you excited about the program? i'm a bit mixed about. i didn't know anything about it. i just saw on that article in the guardian. and i responded and twisted with a picture from the film of just stephen moore. the older brother in the film that can actually look on, i'm big us because i just thought well, 1st off and made me want to ask the question, who it was, who all we now? i got stuck thinking about for about 2 days is the p f. i thing that they were

curating the cinema side of it. i would trust my life with those people who i worked with. so if they think it's good, it's good. then there was a picture bars johnston and the australian prime minister exchanging biscuits or something on that. and i thought, well maybe we are now we exchanged biscuits of australia exchanging tim can i think it was an interesting ties into this because people accuse bars. johnson, when they had the g 7 down and comb with bases and it being tokenistic gestures towards cornwall. yeah, i don't think it was even tokenism to spoken. as you could say as a positive side. i think i don't think it was tokenism. i think it was part of the rebranding of comal as a, as the same part for people to spend that time. and, you know, i don't think, you know, all this stuff, all the financial stuff i've already been and now it's, i'd already been dished out and it was so re hashed because there was an outcry about what was going on at bay and what,

why we were having all these people coming in when we were still in the midst of a pandemic. so yeah, tokenism would have been better than what it actually is. i think it was well, let's talk now about your next project and his man, which is described as an eco suffolk oh, horror film. so fickle is a producer, denzil monk coined it was his take on my screen play. and the definition be in the film that deals with the results of human interference or human interaction one with the natural world and how every, every instant interaction with the human world may have a positive and negative effect. so it's for me, it's like it's a horror thriller really the deals with questions of time

and of yeah, the, the state we've left, we're going to leave the world in competitors. they waiting periods at the well margin can thank you so much. thank you. mark jack in there talking to going underground the editor charlie cook and that's it for the show will be back on wednesday. exactly as an explosion and be rude to kill to these $220.00 people in injured. $5000.00 more of the nation now faces potential sanctions from the europe in union, in the face of an economic crisis. and another wave of corona virus until then he would try social media and let us know your 1st hand experience with gentrification . ah the

know what was, what was the good and by that can mother can while we're on by now, i know i should know moment the age of the legal mon, tesla deals on males like one of them and it will that will allow you to go for have an initiation with much i should be better off the salary and keep them in, but no, no, i mean, i mean i saw it and there was one on my in my name is

the the protest is furious to tell you the covert measures and mandatory al spouse is riley across western europe, where the number of infection cases is still on the rise. and in europe rages and against those descriptions codes. the cases in the united states increased 6 fold. in july, politicians said mixed messages about how best to try to deal with upon this less money confused very much for the political parties involved in it. i just wish you would come around because it's a politics. this is not a little israel says it now has proof that iran attack to tanker off the coast of

mine and killing to last week.