ah, dime option returns here we're going to go revealing the stories hidden by leaps coming up in the show as b 54th session of the i p. c. c needs for the latest report card for the environment. amidst catastrophic floods and fires, we ask one of the i, p, c's, lead authors, if capitalism and climate protection compatible and as towns in the u. k. southwest revolt against wealthy 2nd homeowners hollering out that communities we investigate the global issue of new liberal class warfare through the microscope of the back to winning bait. a film that explores gentrification in cornwall told us more coming up in today's going underground for the $54.00 session of the governmental panel on climate change continues. today i'm, it's an environmentally catastrophic summer all around the world. joining me that from aberdeen is one of the ip ccs lead authors and the science director of the scottish climate change center of expertise professor pete smith. me, thanks so much for coming on to as the lead author in the past for the i p c. c.

will what do you expect for the 54th session? what do you expect for all these meetings running up to november's big conference call per $26.00 is. yeah. so cop 26 in glasgow. that's right. so. so what i expect from this one, this is working group one, which is reported working group. one of my pcc is the working group that looks at the physical science and the climate elegy. so that basically reporting was happening with emissions was likely to happen with the climate in the future. and what a physical science basis with that are going to be to other meetings, follow the following comp 26 which look at the impacts meditation. so that's what impacts the climate change will happen. now we had that and working group 3 is the group i maybe work for we look at mitigation. so what can we do in the way we change our lives? what governments need to do to prevent climate change from happening and ever since cope 20 we got one day when there was it was in scope one c o. 2 emissions of

increased every time. there's been a cop conference year on year on. yeah. yeah, absolutely inexorable. rise, that's what we need. we need to plateau that we need to peak peak c o 2 as soon as possible, and then start to decline that very rapidly. otherwise, we're in trouble. i mean, you've been in this for decades now, and obviously news media is properly catching up. they don't do the 2 sides ism any more. how do you reflect on the way that big multinational companies have lobbied against the kind of research work that you have done over so many decades? yeah, i understand it from their commercial point of view. in their best interest may be to try and delay action for some industries to do like action on climate change. but the science is always being clear that we need to act. we need to reduce emissions immediately and aggressively. and now, since the paris find the agreement, when behold the,

all the global governments of the world to sign up, we now have commitment. at least we need to convert that into action. obviously though we have commitments to, to address that issue, to keep global warming below 2 degrees celsius, about the pre industrial levels with a war, all attempts to limit that to 1.5 degrees celsius about, i mean, i'm not even sure it's commercial decisions because there's no way to sell it to everyone's dead. clearly, i don't know whether you heard about. one of the review is still to be the cost or expert i species he review saying $1.00 would be disastrous to degrees would be a catastrophe and impossible world will lose food production. yeah, so they're all gonna be we're already experiencing climate change. climate change is not something that's happening in the future off that 1.5 degree warming we've. we've measured that i guess to pre industrial baseline. and we've already increased global temperatures average by 1.2 degrees celsius. so of that 1.5, you know,

we've already got 1.1.2 degrees of warming. so we've only got point 3 degrees left . so we really need to turn this around quickly. this is the decade or action and we need to take a media aggressive action to reduce our fossil fuel emissions. i mean, i'm no climate change dinner, but it does not annoy you even the, when the news says that this summer there's been loads of flooding in germany. the wildfires and the u. s. you just said pre industrial, right. the idea of a 4 and a half 1000000000 year old planet being judged on what a couple of 100 years of data. that's not me looking and saying it's hot for the last 10 seconds is going to be home forever. why do they? why does the news on tv use these figures at all? and do they help climate change deniers? when of course, the ice code a 3 is the one to use. why? why did they did? why did you see do this week? we could look at the school dates of the reasons we look at the pre industrial era,

the industrial areas, because that's when we've done the damage. all the damage that we've done to climate change, all the emissions of c o 2 and may say nitrous oxide occurred since the industrial revolution. so that's why we're talking about the pre industrial era. everything up to them was fairly stable. you look at the 10000 years leading up to the industrial revolution round about 181850 the c o 2 concentrations in the low concentrations may thank concentrations were relatively stable. the fluctuation of the long term, 10000, the trend was stable. but during the industrial revolution, when we started to exploit fossil fuels, to make, to make everybody richer and happier we, we've emitted those c, i meet those greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and that is what has pushed. okay. i understand that contact with the data is pointless and useless in effect. i mean, it doesn't make any sense in terms of statistical significance. oh,

it really does. yeah. so we've increased the c o 2 concentration massively in the, in the past. since i started working in this, you know, we've gone up from $360.00 cost per $1000000.00 to $400.00 over $400.00 parts per 1000000 and we were not going to edit that. below that unless we address the climate change issue very quickly and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. so it is, is absolutely to fix to statistically significant. and we can see the data and we have the causal link between the greenhouse gases and the, and the temperature increase. and the climate change in all the extra. yeah. that it's that correlation. i mean, the lots of big multinational companies that have in the past deliberately and it's been exposed again and again, deliberately tried to destroy the kind of work you and many other scientists have been doing over decades. i mean, that was really just this month, shells biggest political lobby donation was to the american petroleum institute, their ceo, mike, someone says, a rush, transition to electric vehicles as part of

a government action to limit americas transportation choice. i mean, shell, it's supposed to be all green now it says it can do stuff while being on committees at the a p. i and it's a great positive impact from within. what do you make of the powerful forces ranged against the conclusions of the kind of work you've been doing? well, i think i think the narrative is changed. i can't comment on individual companies what i doing. but the narrative changed. i think that they're no longer trying to deny that it's happening. they're no longer trying to deny that there's a link between human activity. but they're now trying to say that he's going to go to the office, just got people out of business. we're going to lose jobs. we must slow down because we can't rush this transition. because if we rush this transition out, companies will be in trouble, and industry will be in trouble. and all that pension funds, which are tied up with these things, will be in trouble. but it's a bullet we've got to buy. we have to buy hard and we have to buy it quickly. well,

shelf as ever a bust environmental policies. i don't know how much modeling you've done using microsoft software, but bill gates, when it comes to mitigation, was favoring this alliance for a green revolution. encouraging the mono cultures. large scale commercial monoculture is what it would effect is that on the soil, is that going to save countries that it was effected? i think a better solution would be to use niger based solutions. the 1st thing we must reduce our emissions. so we have to missions aggressively mediately, i've already said that a couple of times on top of that there's going to be, there's gonna be some emissions left in the mix by 20. if we still want to fly, it's all last week and transition to hydrogen and sustainable. feels that we're still going to be in some fossil fuels the ation industry. and we need to get these things to things like 10000000 people on the planet 2050. and that greenhouse gases,

nitrous oxide, everything, so we're still going to have some greenhouse gases causing climate change. so what we need to do is to to remove the answer from the atmosphere using something called nature bi solutions and planning native trees is one example. restoring lenses. another example manager ashley hills is another example of how we can work with nature to benefit by diversity and to benefit the climate by sucking up some of that carbon carbon dioxide is currently in the atmosphere stored in biological pools. and you can be using big industrial companies, big agribusiness, big pharmaceutical companies, producing fertilizers, they're all, they're all with you now that we've got to cope 20 x. i wouldn't say that there are with us because we need to, we need to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to that hassles. because nitrogen wiser is one of the main was microsoft side issues. so there are

gonna be some are all going to be some winners and losers in this transition. but we have to find a way of transitioning to a, to a lower carbon future. and that means taking some of these bases. we have to take these businesses with us. that means that we have to, they have to develop the same time that to be nimble, develop new business models with their responsibilities to their shareholders in terms of assure not shareholders children about their children. does that mean? does that mean they're not going to come on board? i mean it's capitalism even compatible with the world, your envisaging, which, which would mean that our children and grandchildren survive. it has to be so, so there are some people to argue that we have to do. we can climate change. i think that's a much more difficult thing to do. i think we're tackling climate changes already.

so we have to relatively work against some of the incumbents. we have to work with them. let me give you an example. the oil and gas industry currently extracts fossil fuels, rosters, run our causes. what we may need to do in the future is because the we have interest in climate change quickly enough. we might have to renew some c o 2 from the atmosphere and storing geological storage on the ground. so that's the oil and gas wells and the gas tanks. and the oil and gas industry have all the skills available, the technology to put that on the ground. so we paid them so the 100 years to extract fossil fuels, us, it may be in the future. we need to pay them to pump c o 2 to ground worse. so they have to transition from a business model where it's extracted from which i wayland fossil fuels out of the ground oil and gas to another one, where they are storing c o 2 on the ground. so there are different ways in which

industries can be brought along and can still work within a market economy to get up with our shareholders and those that refuse to transition, i think there's, there's going to come a time very soon when the fossil fuel companies are going to lose that i should license to, to, to extract fossil fuels, take a look and say enough is enough. we don't want their own technology. we've on renewables and their share prices are going to assemble and they're going to get strive with assets, you know, can i have a bunch of strike on there and they know this and they have to transition. i'm not sure what they say when they're loving the politicians. i mean, just finally, if we did stop using fossil fuels for our cars, if everyone in the world did, i know the huge revolution in the transportation being strategized by the chinese communist party, there's still be the pentagon and people say the pentagon and emit as many is more than as many as 140 countries when it comes to c o 2. and you know about the wars

in recent years being waged is the u. s. military compatible with any of this modeling of degrees centigrade? is it compatible or can, can the pentagon continue the way it does imaging c, o 2, on that scale? i think we need to single out for us in this case. i think all military operations, libby us with the largest military on earth, is, is the largest military on us. and we don't know the exact extent of the emissions, the, those emissions military emissions from any country on report and national greenhouse gas adventures. so we don't know how much they him it, so that was, it could be worse when they call $26.00 going to be talking about if they don't know, some of the biggest emitters, maybe somebody does, but they're not reported and they're not, they're not, they're not openly available, i can't access those professor p to thank you. after the break, we examined the global themes of the back to winning bay to film about

gentrification in england that takes aim at the wealthier lead. who like you gave evidence, devoris johnson, arguably use that country as their personal playground. all the more coming up part of going undergrad. ah, what we've got to do is identify the threats that we have. it's crazy, even foundation, let it be an arms race is on often very dramatic development. only personally, i'm going to resist. i don't see how that strategy will be successful, a very critical time. time to sit down and talk me. a new gold rush is underway, in gunner thousands of ill equipped workers are flocking to the goldfields, hoping to strike it. rich children are torn

between gold and education. my family was very poor. i thought i would do my best to get back to school, which still will have the strongest appeal the welcome back. when you a prime minister barak johnston traveled to cornwall for the g 7 in june. he promised 65000000 in funding to create a fitting legacy for the summit. arguably, the other g 7 legacy was a corona virus spike. but his johnson's promise of money too little too late for a county blighted by decades of austerity, neoliberalism, and justification of after winning film bates looks at the people affected by those universal issues through the lens of class conflict between the rich and the poor. in a cornish fishing village, going on the ground deputy editor charlie cook caught up with the films director mark jenkins me in

in black and white, 16 millimeter process film about a small village in comb or a fishing village which is at the center of a bit of a civil war, i suppose, something bubbling under the surface as it transitions from being a place of industry increasingly into a place of simple trade. and did you expect it to become such a big room? it's difficult to, to, to distance to have any distance on it. really, i don't, i don't see it as a, as a massive hit. i get told all the time that it is. and, you know, i mean, relatively speaking, it was, it, it was a big success. we never saw, it was going to be bigger than think, i never think, you know, stand never thing to the audience and never think of the commercial value of

anything. i suppose the town or something. so i saw that at least somebody would like the film also in the by the making it and pushing it for pushing to get it made for so long. how did you come to kind of write the phone with how much of it is based on your personal experience or how much of it it's kind of invented otherwise? i mean, mostly it's based in, in truth. maybe not necessarily factual, but that there's a truth to it. and i mean we're, we're living through it and call me at the moment my message is getting on social media and linked to new stories about what's going on in como, where people are jokingly saying is documented because all of these things are happening at the moment and they start to say that the film was prophetic in any way. you know, a lot of these, i'm talking to them, a lot of the quite awkward bedfellows that the hearing comb or those relations. so i've always been problem. i think there's always been incidents

like the ones in bay and that rare, and i had the moment, so it's an ongoing thing. it's a great time. the story ready. i'm going to have to ask you again. not to do it is private parking. people don't worry about that. she's pretty sturdy. trust and the net loft can i? it's known to morrow. the king has been so now moving, i'm going oh now anyways, when you were making the phone, do you think about the kind of passion po between it being very specific to como and it also being a more universal story of, of something that's happening all over the country and all that wilderness of voice heard people say you've got to make something very specific in order for it to be universal. and i probably spy it myself in the past,

but it wasn't until making bait. i realized that that was true. the 1st draft of when it was different and as the same film, but the different scream plan a different form. it was called the holiday par, much more literal title. and it was about very specific comb with and i was worried at that point when i was writing that draft. other people in coma wouldn't relate to it because it was so specific to a specific car coleman. and went from thinking that way to then being in place, being in new york or sample or wherever it was with the film and, and people coming up to me and saying, you know, this film could be about us. so yeah, i think you do, you do have to go very specific to say i'm going to say the case to be universal. and i think the reason is that if you go specific you write about what you understand people can recognize some commonality. i read a interview with you when you said that the enemy of the film is the kind of

ethanol mac system. could you expand on that idea? what some people so this balance now is fast to everybody, and other people accuse me of stereotyping. the, the income as are the part time within the community that i was portraying. and i think the prince that people see whatever they want to see and what they're watching and that will come from a very subjective point of view. they're probably mine. i doubt it. i've lost the novel. i bought them on line then like a battery that needed more nice, nice pull rama. very nautical. you didn't have to sell it this half. then my, what i wanted to kind of highlight was the fact that the,

everybody's kind of being promised the world within out, you know, and my cousin is the cornish, a cornish coastal community where you can, that's this. and that's that, you know, you can come and you can buy up or you can stand a proxy or you can, you can buy a little bit of community and then you've got, you know, you can sit there and you can eat, you can eat fresh class on, on your white linen and drink press orange juice and look out the window and, and see the quaint fisherman coming in and all this kind of stuff. and it's sort of a lie because i see the reality of that is what the films trying to and what i'm trying to express in the film is, you know, i did an industrial, you're going into a place is only that because of industry and industry clings on then it's going to be noisy, it's going to be smelly. you're going to be inconvenienced. that bit paradox you've been promised is a lie and somebody's making money out of it. and everybody were in that situation to greater or lesser extent is a victim. so for example, the most be able to come up with

a baby come down and stay in the old fisherman net last am. it's quite easy to demonize them any comes out showing an fisherman telling them that breaking the law or in making noise before cocoa is kind of stuff is quite simplistic in a way. and they are kind of stereotypes. but you asked before about which basically the film are real and which creates a made up the end not so much word for word. an exchange freshman friend of mine told me about just down the hill here and but they want to demonize those people because they have been sold a lot. so i think what i was trying to express was the idea that somebody's making a lot of money out of out out of these kind of situations and those, you know how to play the game will always succeed. and you'll have all of these other people who are disenfranchised by your fail power less. who wouldn't stop reacting in ways that will harm them and harmony of a community. and that's kind of where the lead character and bait calling himself.

i think the way he way snaky see on the beach and other kind of what i'm, what might be being a balancing act is how much politics you inject into the film. because you hair politics are mostly it's kind of dispassionately played over the radio. within tim and sandra's house or the wealthier couple how, how much of a kind of balancing act was it to make the film again, as you said, they kind of time the story but also link it to the very specific political moment that they were living. 3 aspects of the with brack, that fishing industry, the huge part of that and obviously with as

a kind of cloth for aspect about around the time when the film came out. first, a few of the 1st reviews pointed out the fact that the film might be to the 1st british bricks it film. and i think people's way into that was the radio, the, the discussion, the radio forced out discussion that was going on in the background of the 2nd home and house, which was really just, there is sonic fila. course it was bricks, it, you know, to me it was like white noise because that was all we were here and there was a discussion. those guy know i was at the points that were entrenched it. we can round and round and round. so i never saw about it, but i think when people came to some fresh critics, right, the 1st, the 1st let reviews they, they heard the words on the fisheries cohen question. you can come and patient policy and whatnot. and then so this is just about rex it and then was able to, so look at the film, a guy. yeah. this is you know, if it, whether it's al agree or, or this is a trust in breaks it. and i and i home,

i thought, well, it's not because this film was written 20 years before breakfast. but then i started thinking about it. but then i still breaks. it happened 20 years ago. really what we, what we were seeing 5 years ago with regard to the vo and everything that was, that was the result of what happened the generation ago. so it can help but be in it's no, it's not over. of course, it's going to be in the field if you may, if you're writing something it say in a contemporary british community, then it's always going to be political. there's always going to be a school element. and if there isn't a political element in that, then i'm more interested because it's not saying anything. yeah, i just want to ask you about something because your phone was being billed as one of the top items on this who we are now. cultural exchange program with strayer, so the often you excited about the program?

i'm a bit mixed about. i didn't know anything about it. i just saw on switzer video. that article in the guardian. and i responded to the picture from the film of just stephen moore. the older brother in the film that can actually look on, i'm big us because i just thought well, 1st off and made me want to ask the question, who it was, who all we now? i got stuck thinking about for about 2 days. it's a p f, i think that they were curating the cinema side of it. i would trust my life with those people who i worked with. so if they think it's good, it's good. then there was a picture bar. johnson and the australian prime minister exchanging biscuits or something like that. and i thought, well maybe we are now. we exchange biscuits of australia exchanging tim can i think it was an interesting ties into this because people accuse bars johnson when they had the g 7 down and comb with bases and it being tokenistic gestures towards

cornwall. yeah. i don't think it was even tokenism spoken as you could say. as a positive side, i think i don't think it was tokenism. i think it was part of the rebranding of comal as a, as the same part for people to spend that time. and, you know, i don't think, you know, all this stuff, all the financial stuff i've already been and now it's, i'd already been dished out and it was so re hashed because there was an outcry about what was going on at bay and what, why we were having all these people coming in when we were still in the midst of a pandemic. so yeah, tokenism would have been better than what it actually is. i think it was well, let's talk about your next project and his men, which is described as an eco suffolk, oh, horror film. so fickle is a producer, denzil monk coined it was his take on my screen play. and the definition be in the film that deals with the results of human interference or

human interaction one with the natural world and how every, every instant interaction with the human world may have a positive and negative effect. so it's for me, it's like it's a horror thriller really the deals with questions of time and of yeah, the, the state we've left, we're going to leave the world in competitors. they, when parents at the well well james can thank you so much. thank you. mark jack in there talking to going underground as a charlie cook and that's it for the show will be back on wednesday. exactly a year since and explosion and be rude to kill, to be $220.00 people in injured. $5000.00 more. the nation now faces potential sanctions from the earth in union, in the face of an economic crisis, and another wave of corona virus until then he would try social media and let us

know your 1st hand experience with gentrification. ah ah, ah ah ah ah. join me every 1st aid on the alex, silent show and i'll be speaking to guests in the world. the politics sport business. i'm show business. i'll see you then me

the protest here is a tightening cove. it measures on mandatory health pulses rally across western europe with a number of infection. cases is still on the right. and as europe rages and against restrictions coded cases in the united states increase 6 fold in july. well, politicians said mixed messages about how best to try to deal with upon leaving many confuse very much for the political situation involved in it. i just wish you would come around because it's a politics. this is not a little israel says it now has proof that iran attacks that.