and as towns in the u. k, south west revolt against wealthy 2nd homeowners hollering out that communities, we investigate the global issue of new liberal class warfare through the microscope of the back to winning bait. a film that explores gentrification in cornwall goal is a more coming up in today's going underground refers to 50 for the session of the governmental panel on climate change continues. today i'm, it's an environmentally catastrophic summer all around the world. joining me that from aberdeen is one of the i p c's lead authors and the science director of the scottish climate change center of expertise professor pete smith. me thanks so much for coming on to as a, as a lead author in the past for the i p c. c will. what do you expect for the 50 votes session? what do you expect for all these meetings running up to november's big conference call per $26.00 is? yeah. so cop 26 in glasgow. that's right. so. so what i expect from this one, this is working group one, which is reporting working group, one of my pcc is the working group that looks at the physical science and the climate ology. so that basically reporting what's happened with emissions,

what's likely to happen with the climate in the future. and what a physical science basis is there going to be 2 other meetings full of following up $26.00 which look at the impacts meditation. so that's what impacts the climate change will happen that we had that and working group 3 is the great the i maybe work for we look at the mitigation. so what can we do in the way we change our lives? what to governments need to do to prevent climate change from happening and ever since cope 20 we've got one. when there was was in scope one c o 2 emissions of increased every time. there's been a cop conference year on year on. yeah. yeah, absolutely inexorable rise. that's what we need. we need to plateau that we need to peak peak c o 2 as soon as possible, and then start to decline that very rapidly. otherwise, we're in trouble. i mean, you've been in this for decades now, and obviously the news media is probably catching up. they don't do the 2 sides ism

any more. how do you reflect on the way that big multinational companies have lobbied against the kind of research work that you have done over so many decades? yeah, i understand it from their commercial point of view is in their best interest may be to try and delay action for some industries to do like action on climate change . but the science is always being clear that we need to act. we need to reduce emissions immediately and aggressively. and now, since the parents plan agreement will be colder or the global government, the world to sign up, we now have commitment. at least we need to convert that into action. obviously though we have commitments to, to address that issue to keep global warming below 2 degrees celsius, about the pre industrial levels with all, all attempts to, to, to limit that to 1.5 degrees celsius. i mean, i'm not even sure if commercial decisions because there's no way to sell it to

everyone's dead. clearly, i don't know whether you heard about. one of the review is still to be the cost or expert i species he review saying $1.00 would be disastrous to degrees would be a catastrophe and impossible world will lose food production. yeah, so they're all gonna be we're already experiencing climate change. climate change is not something that's happening in the future. on that 1.5 degree warming we've, we've measured that i guess pre industrial baseline. and we've already increased global temperatures, fridge by 1.2 degrees celsius. so of that 1.5, you know, we've already got 1.1.2 degrees of warming. so we've only got point 3 degrees left . so we really need to turn this round quickly. this is the decade of action, and we need to take a media aggressive action to reduce our fossil fuel emissions. i mean, i know climate change dinner, but it does not annoy you even the, when the news says that this summer there's been loads of flooding in germany. the

wildfires and the u. s. you just said pre industrial rate. the idea of a 4 and a half 1000000000 year old planet being judged on what a couple of 100 years of data. that's nothing that's. i mean, looking and saying it's hot for the last 10 seconds is going to be home forever. why do they, why does the news on tv use these figures at all? and do they help climate change deniers? when it was the ice code? a 3 is the one to use. why? why did they do this? why does she see do this week? we could look at the school day to the reason we look at the pre industrial industrial areas because that's when we've done the damage. all the damage that we've done to climate change, all the emissions of c o 2 and may say nitrous oxide occurred since the industrial revolution. so that's why we're talking about the pre industrial era. everything up to them was fairly stable. you look at the 10000 years leading up to the industrial revolution round about 181850 the c o 2 concentrations and the concentrations

that may thank concentrations were relatively stable as the fluctuation. but the long term, 10000, the trend was stable. but during the industrial revolution, when we started to exploit fossil fuels, to make, to make everybody richer and happier we, we've emitted those to meet those greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. and that is what has pushed. okay. i understand that contact with the data is pointless or useless in effects. i mean, it doesn't make any sense in terms of statistical significance. oh, it really does. yeah. so we've increased the c o 2 concentrations massively in the, in the past. in, since i started working in this, you know, we've gone up from 360 cos per 1000000 to 400 over 400 parts per 1000000 and we, we're not going to edit it below that unless we address the climate change issue very quickly and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, so it is, is absolutely stiffness statistically significant and we can see the data and we

have a causal link between the greenhouse gases and the, and the temperature increase. and the climate change in all the extra. yeah. it's that it's that correlation. i mean, the lots of big multinational companies that have in the past, deliberately and it's been exposed again and again, deliberately try to destroy the kind of work you and many other scientists have been doing over decades. i mean, that was really just this month, shells biggest political lobby donation was to the american petroleum institute, their ceo, mike, someone says, a rush, transition to electric vehicles as part of a government action to limit americas transportation choice. i mean, shell, it's supposed to be old green now it says it can do stuff while being on committees at the a p. i and it's a great positive impact from within. what do you make of the powerful forces ranged against the conclusions of the kind of work you've been doing? well,

i think i think the narrative is changed. i can't comment on individual companies what i doing. but the narrative changed. i think that they're no longer trying to deny that it's happening no longer trying to deny the link between human activity. but they're now trying to say that he's going to go to the office, just got people out of business regardless jobs. and we must slow down, we can't, we can't rush this transition. because if we rush this transition out, companies will be in trouble, and industry will be in trouble. and all that pension funds, which are tied up with these things, will be in trouble. but it's a bullet we've got to buy, we have to buy hard and we have to buy it quickly. we'll shells as ever a bust environmental policies. i don't know, well how much modeling you've done using microsoft software. but bill gates, when it comes to mitigation, was favoring this alliance for a green revolution. encouraging mono cultures. large scale commercial monoculture is what it would effect is that on the soil, is that going to save countries that it was effected?

i think a better solution would be to use nature based solutions. the 1st thing we must, we much reduce our emissions. so we have to missions aggressively immediately. i've only said that a couple of times on top of that there's going to be going to be some emissions left in the mix by 2050. if we still want to fly, it's all unless we can transition to hydrogen and sustainable fields. and we're still going to be in some fossil fuels to the asian industry. and we need to get these things to be designed to translate people on the 2050. and that i met greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide, everything. so we're still going to have some greenhouse gases causing climate change. so what we need to do is to to remove the answer from the atmosphere using something called nature bi solutions and planning native trees is one example restoring lenses. another example manager, ashley hills, is another example of how we can work with nature to benefit by benefit the climate

. by sucking up some of that call, the carbon dioxide is currently in the atmosphere stored in biological pools. and you can be using big industrial companies, big agribusiness, big pharmaceutical companies, producing fertilizers, they're all, they're all with you now that we've got to cope 26. i wouldn't show you the, the with us because we need to, we need to reduce the amount of nitrogen bachelor of applied to hassles. because nitrogen wiser is one of the main was much like emissions. so there are gonna be some are all going to be some winners and losers in this transition. but we have to find a way of transitioning to up to a lower compound future. and that means taking some of these bases. we have to take these businesses with us. that means that we have to, they have to develop the same time back to be nimble, develop new business models with their responsibilities to their shareholders

in terms of assure not their shareholders, children about their children. does that mean? does that mean they're not going to come on board? i mean, it's capitalism even compatible with the world, your envisaging, which, which would mean that our children and grandchildren survive. it has to be so, so there are some people to argue that we have to do. we can cycle climate change. i think that's a much more difficult thing to do. i think that tackling climate change is difficult enough already. so we have relatively worked against some of the incumbents. we have to work with them. let me give you an example. the oil and gas industry currently extracts fossil fuels, rosters, run our cars. and so what we may need to do in the future is because the, we have an interesting climate change issue quickly enough. we might have to remove some c o 2 from the atmosphere and story and geological storage on the ground. so

that's the oil and gas wells and the gas tanks and the oil. busy and gas industry have all the skills available, the technology to provide feedback on the ground. so we paid them 100 years to extract fossil fuels was it may be that in the future, we need to pay them c o $2.00 that com to ground force. so they have to transition from a business model, whereas extracted from which i can boylen fossil fuel down the ground oil and gas to another one where gas storing c o 2 underground. so there are different ways in which industries can be brought along and can still work within a market economy to, to get that shareholders and those that refuse to transition, i think there's, there's going to come a time very soon when the fossil fuel companies are gonna lose s i she license to, to, to extract fossil fuels, take a look and say enough is enough. we don't want all technology, we want renewables and russia appliances and assemble and they're going to get

strive assets, you know, they're gonna have a bunch of stuff on there and they know this and they have to transition. i'm not sure what they say when they're loading the volatility. i mean, just finally, if we did stop using fossil fuels for our cars, if everyone in the world did, i know the huge revolution in the transportation being strategized by the chinese communist party, there's still be the pentagon. and people say the pentagon emits, as many is more than as many as $140.00 countries when it comes to c o. 2. and you know about the wars in recent years being waged is the u. s. military compatible with any of this modeling of degrees centigrade? is it compatible or can, can the pentagon continue the way it does emitting c o 2 on that scale? i think we need to single out the us in this case. i think all military operations will be u. s. villages military on earth is,

is the largest military on us. and we don't know the exact extent of the emissions, the, those emissions military emissions from any country on report and national greenhouse gas adventurous. so we don't know how much they admit, so that was, it could be worth $26.00 going to be talking about if they don't know, some of the biggest emitters, maybe somebody does, but they're not reported they're not, they're not, they're not openly available. i can't access professor p to thank you. now after the break, we examine the global themes of the back to winning bay to film about gentrification in england that takes aim at the wealthier lead, who like you gave him in his divorce johnson arguably use the country as their personal playground. all the more coming up a part of going on the grad ah, in the old days before frank said,

because the u. k. was attached to you. they could do it. other countries do, which is to take all their debts and dump it into this giant shadow banking system that covers the world's largest trading glock. and you could kind of buy some time there because e, c, b is printing and buying and monetizing debt by their trillion. so christine the garden, literally just buying trillions and trains of garbage debt. but now post bracket, they don't have that way to wash the debts. into the greater he you laundromat and so that is going to for the 1st time post bracket. debts are going to start to cause a lot of pain. me a new gold rush is underway, and gunner thousands of ill equipped workers are flocking to the goldfields, hoping to strike it. rich children are torn between gold and education. my family was very poor. i thought i was doing my best

to get back to school, which still will have the strongest appeal the welcome back. when you get prime minister barak johnson traveled to cornwall for the g 7 in june, he promised 65000000 in funding to create a fitting legacy for the summit. arguably, the other g 7 legacy was a corona virus spike. but his johnson's promise of money, too. little too late for a county blighted by decades of austerity, neoliberalism and gentrification of after winning film bates looks at the people affected by those universal issues through the lens of class conflict between the rich and the poor in a cornish fishing village going on the ground deputy charley cook caught up with the films director mark jenkins in in

black and white, 16 millimeter process film about a small village in como, a fishing village, which is at the center of a civil war. i suppose something bubbling under the surface as, as it transitions from being a place of industry increasingly into a place of simple trade. and did you expect it to become such a big room? it's difficult to, to, to distance, to have any distance on it. really, i don't, i don't see it as a, as a massive hit i get told all the time that it is. and you know, i mean, relatively speaking, it was, it was a big success. we never saw, it was going to be bigger than i think. i never think, you know stands i never think to the audience and never think of the commercial value of anything. i suppose deep down as somebody saw me to saw that at least

somebody would like the film also and above the making it and you know, pushing it for pushing to get it made for so long. how did you come to kind of write the phone with how much of it is based on your personal experience? how much of it is kind of invented otherwise? i mean, mostly it's based in, in truth. maybe not necessarily factual, but there's a truth to it. and i mean, where we live in through and comb with at the moment our messages i'm getting on social media and links to new stories about what's going on in como. where people are jokingly saying is pay a document to you because all of these things are happening at the moment and they start to say that the film was prophetic in any way. you know, a lot of these, i'm talking there was a lot of the quite awkward bedfellows that hearing comb or those relationships. so i've always been probably my thing is always been incidents like the ones in bay in that rear and i had the moment,

so it's an ongoing thing. it's pretty time the story ready. i'm going to have to ask you again. it is private parking. people don't worry about that. she's pretty sturdy. me trust that loft cannot. it's known to tomorrow. the keenest been so now moving, i'm going oh now anyways, when you are making the phone, do you think about the kind of push pull between it being very specific to como and it also being a more universal story of, of something that's happening all over the country and all of the wilderness of voice heard people say you've got to make something very specific in order for it to be universal and i probably spell it out myself in the past, but it wasn't until making bait. i realized that that was true. the 1st draft of

when it was different and as the same film but a different screen playing a different form. it was called the holiday par, much more literal title. and it was about very specific comb with and i was worried at that point when i was writing that trust. other people in coma wouldn't relate to it because it was so specific to a specific car coleman. and went from thinking that way to then being in place, being in new york or sample or wherever it was with the film and, and people coming up to me and saying, you know, this still could be about us. so yeah, you do have to go very specific to say, i'm going to say the cation now to be universe. and i think the reason is that if you go specific, you write about what you understand and people can recognize some commonality. i read a interview with you when you said that the enemy of the film is that you can, you can make system, could use expand on that idea. so this was balance now is fast. so everybody and

other people accuse me of stereotyping. the, the income of the time is within the community that i was portraying. and i think the prison people see whatever they want to see and what they're watching and that will come from a very subjective point of view. they're probably mine. i doubt it. i've lost a novel, i bought them online, didn't like a battery that needed my nice, nice pull rama. very nautical. you didn't have to sell this house. that may, well, i wanted to kind of highlight was the fact that the, everybody's kind of being promised the world within out, you know,

and my cousin is the cornish, a cornish coastal community where you can, that's this. and as you know, you can come and you can buy up, or you can stand a proxy or you can, you can buy a little bit of community and then you've got, you know, you can sit there and you can eat, you can eat fresh class on on your white linen and drink pressure, orange juice out the window and and see the coil, fishermen coming in and all this kind of stuff. and it's all a lie because i see the reality of that is what the films trying to and what i'm trying to express in the film is, you know, i did, it is industrial and you're going into a place is only that because of industry and, and just be clings on, then it's going to be noisy. it's going to be smelly. you're going to be inconvenienced that bear paradise you've been promised is a lie and somebody's making money out of it. and everybody were in that situation to greater or lesser extent is a victim. so for example, the most be able to come up with a baby. you come down and stay in the old fisherman. net last am. it's quite easy

to demonize them. any comes out and start showing an a fisherman telling them that breaking the law or in making noise before 8 o'clock. always kind of stuff is quite simplistic in a way. and they are kind of stereotypes. but you asked before about which the film are real and which fits and made out the end. not so much word for word. an exchange freshman friend of mine told me about just down the hill here and but they want to demonize those people because they have been sold a lot. so i think what i was trying to express was the idea that somebody's making a lot of money out of out out of these kind of situations and those, you know how to play, the game will always succeed. and you love all these other people who are disenfranchised by your feel powerless, who wouldn't stop reacting in ways that will harm them and how many of a community and that's kind of where the lead character and bait collins himself. i think

the way he way oh see on the beach and other kind of what i'm what might be being a balancing act is how much politics you inject into the film because you hair politics. i may see it's kind of dispassionately played over the radio within tim and sandra's house with the wealthier couple how, how much of a kind of balancing act was it to make the film again, as you said, it kind of time the story but also link it to the very specific political moment that they were living, 3 aspects of the with brack, that fishing industry that he's part of the obviously with as a kind of cloth for aspect about around the time when the film came out. a few of

the 1st reviews points out the fact that the film might be to the 1st british bricks it film. and i think people's way into that was the radio, the, the discussion, the radio for style discussion that was going on in the background of the 2nd homeowners house, which was really just there is sonic fila. course it was bricks, it, you know, but to me it was white noise because that was all we were here and there was a discussion. i was going know i was at the points that were entrenched it. we can round and round and round. so i never saw about it, but i think when people came to the film fresh, the critics, you wrote the 1st, the 1st reviews they, they heard the words on the fisheries cohen question. you can come and patient post age and whatnot. and then so this is a film about breakfast and then was able to, so look at the film, a guy. yeah. this is, you know, if, whether it's allegory or, or, or this is a trust in breakfast, and i and i home, i thought, well,

it's not because this film was written 20 years before breaks. but then i started thinking about it but, but then i still breaks. it happened 20 years ago. really what we, what we were seeing 5 years ago with regard to the vo and everything that was, that was the result of what happened the generation ago. so it can help but be in it's no, it's not over. of course it's going to be in the field if you may, if you're writing. so i'm going to say in a contemporary british community, then it's always going to be political. there's always going to be a school element and if there isn't a political element in that are more interested because it's not anything. yeah, i just want to ask you about something because your phone was being billed as one of the top items on this who we are now. cultural exchange. very strange. yeah. so the, are you excited about the program? i'm a bit mixed about. i didn't know anything about it, i just saw on the article in the guardian and i responded and twisted with

a picture from the film of just stephen moore, the older brother in the film that actually so what i'm big us look is i just thought, well, 1st off and made me want to ask the question, who it was, who all we now? i got stuck thinking about for about 2 days. it's a p f. i think that they were curating the cinema side of it. i would trust my life with those people who i worked with. so if they think it's good, it's good. do you know it was a picture of bars johnston and the australian prime minister exchanging biscuits or something on that? and i thought, well maybe that is the we are now we exchanged biscuits of australia exchanging tim can, i think it was there and they are staying here and interesting ties into this because people accuse bars johnson when they had the g 7 down and comb with bases and it being tokenistic gestures towards cornwall. yeah. i don't think it was even tokenism to spoken. if you could say the positive side,

i think i don't think it was tokenism. i think it was part of the rebranding of comal as at the same park for people to spend that time. and, you know, i don't think, you know, all this stuff, all the financial stuff i've already been and that was already been dished out and it was so re hashed because there was an outcry about what was going on at cobb and bay and what, why we were having all these people coming in when we were still in the midst of a pandemic. so yeah, tokenism would have been better than what it actually is. i think it was well, let's talk now about your next project and it's man which is described as an eco suffolk. oh, horror film. so fickle is a producer, denzil monk coined it was his take on my screen play in the definition b. and it's a film that deals with the results of human interference or

human interaction one with the natural world. and how every, every instant the insurrection with the human world may have a positive and negative effect. so it's for me, it's like it's a horror thriller really the deals with questions of time and of yeah, the, the state we've, we're going to leave the world in compared to stay waiting periods at the well well james can thank you so much. thank you. mark jack in there talking to going underground deputy editor charlie cook and that's it for the show will be back on wednesday. exactly. yes, it's an explosion and be rude to kill, to be $220.00 people in engine $5000.00 more of the nation. now. faces potential sanctions from the europe in union, in the face of an economic crisis, and another wave of corona virus until then he would try social media and let us know your 1st hand experience with gentrification.

we are witnessing a significant and irreversible shift in the international system is undeniable. we live in multiple world examples of life. the bike administration is inability to hold the north stream to the recent chinese with meeting great power politics back i'm at kaiser or more of my guide to financial survival. this is a hedge fund. it's a device used by professional value eggs to earn money. that's right, these hedge funds are completely not accountable, and we're just adding more more to them totally, the stabilize the global economy. you need to protect yourself and get informed what caused me in

the serious tightening coby measures and mandatory health policies in raleigh, across western europe. where the number of infections is still on the rise. bluffs of europe rages against restriction cases in the united states increase 6 fold in july, while politicians have been sending mixed messages about how to deal with the pandemic, leaving many can see there's 2 choices involved in it. i just wish you would come around because it's a politics. this is not too little. also innovations in orthodontics, we get a glimpse of the cutting edge technology being developed by a leading dental firm here in moscow.