from the show as the 54th session of the i p c. c needs for the latest report card for the environment. amidst catastrophic floods and fires, we ask one of the i p. c. fees lead authors if capitalism and climate protection compatible and as towns in the south west revolt against wealthy 2nd homeowners hollering out that communities, we investigate the global issue of new liberal class warfare through the microscope of the back to winning bait. a film that explores gentrification in cornwall told us more coming up in today's going underground for the $54.00 session of the governmental panel on climate change continues. today i'm, it's an environmentally catastrophic summer all around the world. joining me that from aberdeen is one of the ip pcs lead authors and the science director of the scottish climate change center of expertise. professor pete smith, thanks so much for coming on to as the lead author in the past for the i p c. c will. what do you expect with 50 votes session? what do you expect for all these meetings running up to november's big conference call per $26.00 is yeah. so cop 26 in glasgow. that's right. so. so what i expect

from this one, this is working group one, which is reported working group, one of my pcc is the working group that looks at the physical science and the climate elegy. so that basically reporting what's happening with emissions, what's likely to happen with the climate in the future, and what a physical science basis with that are going to be to other meetings, follow the following comp $26.00 which look at the impacts meditation. so that's what impacts the climate change will happen. now we adapt and working good through years, the grid, the i maybe work for we look at the mitigation. so what can we do in the way we change our lives? what to governments need to do to prevent climate change from happening and ever since cope 20 we've got one. and when that was was in scope one c o 2 emissions of increased every time. there's been a cop conference year on year on. yeah, yeah, absolutely inexorable. rise, that's what you need. we need to know that we need to take peek c o 2 as soon as

possible, and then start to decline that very rapidly. otherwise we're in trouble. i mean, you've been in this for decades now, and obviously news media is properly catching up. they don't do the 2 sides ism any more. how do you reflect on the way that big multinational companies have lobbied against the kind of research work that you have done over so many decades? yeah, i understand it from their commercial point of view. it's in their best interest may be to try and delay action for some industries to do like action on climate change. but the science is always being clear that we need to act. we need to reduce emissions immediately and aggressively. and now, since the paris find the agreement, when behold the, all the global governments of the world to sign up, we now have commitment. at least we need to convert that into action. obviously though we have commitments to, to address that issue to keep global warming below 2 degrees celsius,

about the pre industrial levels, with all, all attempts to, to limit that to 1.5 degrees celsius about, i mean, i'm not even sure if commercial decisions because there's no way to sell it to everyone's dead. clearly, i don't know whether you heard about. one of the review is still to be the cost or expert i species he review saying $1.00 would be disastrous to degrees would be a catastrophe and impossible world will lose food production. yeah, so they're all gonna be we're already experienced in climate change. climate change is not something that's happening in the future of that 1.5 degree warming we've. we've measured that i guess to pre industrial baseline. and we've already increased global temperatures average by 1.2 degrees celsius. so of that 1.5, you know, we've already got 1.1.2 degrees of warming. so we've only got point 3 degrees left

. so we really need to turn this around quickly. this is the decade or action and we need to take a media aggressive action to reduce our fossil fuel emissions. i mean, i'm new climate change dinner, but it does not annoy you even the, when the news says that this summer there's been loads of flooding in germany. the wildfires and the u. s. you just said pre industrial rate. the idea of a 4 and a half 1000000000 year old planet being judged on what a couple of 100 years of data. that's not, that's not me looking and saying it's hot for the last 10 seconds is going to be home forever. why do they, why does the news on tv use these figures at all? and do they help climate change deniers? when of course the ice code a 3 is the one to use. why? why did they did? why did she see do this week? we could look at the school dates of the reasons we look at the pre industrial industrial areas because that's when we've done the damage. all the damage that we've done to climate change, all the emissions of c o 2 and may say nitrous oxide occurred since the industrial

revolution. so that's why we're talking about the pre industrial era. everything up to them was fairly stable. you look at the 10000 years leading up to the industrial revolution round about 181850. and the c o 2 concentrations in the low concentrations may thank concentrations were relatively stable or fluctuation, but the long term, 10000, the trend was stable during the industrial revolution when we started to exploit fossil fuels to make, to make everybody richer and happier we've, we've emitted those meet those greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and that is what has pushed. okay. i understand that contact with the data is pointless and useless in effect. i mean, it doesn't make any sense in terms of statistical significance. oh, really does. yeah. so we've increased the c o 2 concentration massively in the, in the past. since i side working in this, you know, we've gone up from 360 pounds per 1000000 to 400 over 400 parts per 1000000. and we,

we're not going to edit that below that unless we address the climate change issue very quickly and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. so it is, is absolutely to fix the statistically significant. and we can see the data. and we have the causal link between the greenhouse gases and the, and the temperature increase, and the climate change in all the extra. yeah. it's that, it's that correlation. i mean, the lots of big multinational companies that have in the past deliberately and it's been exposed again and again, deliberately tried to destroy the kind of work you and many other scientists have been doing over decades. i mean, that was really just this month, shells biggest political lobby donation was to the american petroleum institute, their ceo, mike, someone says, a rush, transition to electric vehicles as part of a government action to limit americas transportation choice. i mean, shell, it's supposed to be all green now it says it can do stuff while being on committees

at the a p. i and it's a great positive impact from within. what do you make of the powerful forces ranged against the conclusions of the kind of work you've been doing? well, i think i think the narrative is changed. i can't comment on individual companies what i doing. but the narrative changed. i think that they're no longer trying to deny that it's happening. they're no longer trying to deny that there's a link between human activity. but they're now trying to say that he's going to go to the office, just got people out of business. we're going to lose jobs, and we must slow down because we can't rush this transition. because if we rush this transition out, companies will be in trouble, and industry will be in trouble. and all that pension funds, which are tied up with these things, will be in trouble. but it's a bullet we've got to buy. we have to buy hard and we have to buy it quickly. well, shelf as ever a bust environmental policies. i don't know how much modeling you've done using microsoft software, but bill gates, when it comes to mitigation,

was favoring this alliance for a green revolution. encouraging monoculture is large scale commercial monoculture is what it would effect is that on the soil, is that going to save countries that it was effected? i think a better solution would be to use niger based solutions. the 1st thing we must reduce our emissions. so we have to missions aggressively mediately, i've already said that a couple of times on top of that there's going to be going to be some emissions left in the mix by 20. if we still want to fly, it's all last week and transition to hydrogen sustainable fields. and we're still going to be in some fossil fuels the ation industry. and we need to respond to things like 10000000 people on the planet 2050. and that greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide, everything, so we're still going to have some greenhouse gases causing climate change. so what we need to do is to to remove the answer from the atmosphere using something called

nature by solutions and plotting nature drains is one example, restoring lenses. another example manager, ashley hills, is another example of how we can work with nature to benefit by diversity and to benefit the climate. by sucking up some of that carbon, carbon dioxide is currently in the atmosphere stored in biological pools. and you can be using big industrial companies, big agribusiness, big pharmaceutical companies, producing fertilizers, they're all, they're all with you now that we've got to cope 26. i wouldn't show you to the with us because we need to, we need to reduce the amount of nitrogen allies applied to the hassles. because nitrogen wiser is one of the main was as much as i can issues. so there are gonna be some are all going to be some winners and losers in this transition. but we have to find a way of transitioning to a, to a lower compet future. and that means taking some of these businesses. we have to

take these businesses with us, but that means that we have to, they have to develop the same time to be nimble, and develop new business models with their responsibilities to their shareholders. in terms of a sure not the shareholders, children about their children. does that mean? does that mean they're not going to come on board? i mean, it's capitalism, even compatible with the world, your envisaging, which, which would mean that our children and grandchildren survive. it has to be. so there are some people to argue that we have to dish or we can tackle climate change . i think that's a much more difficult thing to do. i think tackling climate change is difficult enough already. so we have relatively worked against some of the incumbents. we have to work with them. let me give you an example. the oil and gas industry

currently extracts fossil fuels, rosters, run our cars. and so what we may need to do in the future is because the, we have an interest in climate change issue quickly enough. we might have to reduce c o 2 from the atmosphere and story and geological storage on the ground. so that's the oil and gas wells and the gas tanks and the oil and gas industry have all the skills available, the technology to provide feedback on the ground. so we paid them 100 years to extract fossil fuels. us, it may be in the future. we need to pay them seo to come to ground worse. so they have to transition from a business model where it is extracted from which i wayland fossil fuels out the ground oil and gas to another one, where gas storing c o 2 underground. so very different ways in which industries can be brought along and can still work within a market economy to get that shareholders and those that refuse to transition, i think there's, there's going to come

a time very soon when the fossil fuel companies are going to lose their social license to, to, to extract fossil fuels, people are going to say enough is enough. we don't want all technol, gee, we've on renewables and their share prices again assemble and they're going to get stranded assets. you know, they're gonna have a bunch of stuff on there and they know this and they have to transition. i'm not sure what they say when they're loving the politicians. i mean, just finally, if we did stop using fossil fuels for our cars, if everyone in the world did, i know the huge revolution in the transportation being strategize by the chinese communist party, there's still be the pentagon. and people say the pentagon emits, as many is more than as many as $140.00 countries when it comes to c o. 2. and you know about the wars in recent years being waged is the u. s. military compatible with any of this modeling of degrees centigrade?

is it compatible or can, can the pentagon continue the way it does emitting c o 2 on that scale? i think we need to single out the us in this case. i think all military operations will be us. the largest military on earth is, is the largest military on us. and we don't know the exact extent of the emissions, the, those emissions military emissions from any country on report and national greenhouse gas adventurous. so we don't know how much they him it so that he was, it could be worth $26.00 going to be talking about if they don't know some of the biggest images maybe somebody does, but they're not reported to me. they're not, they're not, they're not openly available. i can't access professor p to thank you. after the break, we examine the global themes of the back to winning bay to film about gentrification in england that takes aim at the wealthier lead to like you gave evidence. devoris johnson arguably use the country as their personal playground. all the more coming

up a lot of going on. the grad ah, we are witnessing a significant and irreversible shift in the international system. is undeniable. we live in a multiple world example survives, the bike administration is inability to hold the north stream to. and the recent chinese with meeting great power politics back me up really doesn't need to look i just was off the field you actually was. so can you through that actually use um she, she says to build me up with your school, but yes,

i would continue to tell you because if with a dinner each and cookie famous from a credit issued by both of us, choose the welcome back. when you a prime minister barak johnson traveled to cornwall for the g 7 in june, a promise 65000000 in funding to create a fitting legacy for the summit. arguably, the other g legacy was a corona virus spike. but his johnson's promise of money too little too late for a county blighted by decades of austerity, neoliberalism and gentrification of after winning film bates looks at the people affected by those universal issues through the lens of class conflict between the rich and the poor. in a cornish fishing village,

going on the ground deputy charley cook caught up with the films director mark jenkins me in in black and white, 16 millimeter hand closer film about a small village in comb or a fishing village which is at the center of a civil war, i suppose, something bubbling under the surface as it transitions from being a place of industry increasingly into a place of simple trade. and did you expect it to become such a big room? it's difficult to, to, to distance to have any distance on it. really, i don't, i don't see it as a, as a massive hit i get told all the time that it is. and you know, i mean,

relatively speaking, it was, it was a big success. we never saw, it was going to be bigger than i think. i never think, you know stands i never think to the audience. i never think of the commercial value of anything. i suppose deep down as somebody saw me to sort that at least somebody would like the film also in about the making it and pushing it for pushing to get it made for so long. how did you come to kind of write the phone with how much is based on your personal experience or how much of it it's kind of invented otherwise? i mean, mostly it's based in, in truth. maybe not necessarily factual, but that there's a trace to it. and i mean we're, we're living through it and call me at the moment my message is getting on social media and linked to new stories about what was going on in como, where people are jokingly saying is documented because all of these things are happening at the moment and they start to say that the film was prophetic in any way. you know, a lot of these, i'm talking there was

a lot of the quite awkward bedfellows that the hearing comb or those relations. so i've always been problem. i think there's always been incidents like the ones in bay in that rear and i had the moment, so it's an ongoing thing. it's a pretty time the story ready. i'm going to have to ask you again. not to do it is private parking. people might, don't worry about that. she's pretty sturdy. trust and then that loft cannot. it's not known to tomorrow. the keenest been. so now moving, i'm going home now. anyways, when you are making the phone, do you think about the kind of patient po, between it being very specific to como and it also being a more universal story of, of something that's happening all over the country. no little wilder voice heard

people say you've got to make something very specific in order for it to be universal and i probably spell it out myself in the past. but it wasn't until making bait. i realized that that was true. the 1st draft of when it was different as the same film, but a different scream, playing a different form. it was called the holiday par, much more literal title. and it was about very specific coma than i was worried at that point when i was writing that draft that other people in coma wouldn't relate to it because it was so specific to a specific car coleman. and went from thinking that way to then being in place, being in new york or sample or wherever it was with the film and, and people coming up to me and saying, you know, this film could be about us. so yeah, i think you do, you do have to go very specific to their i'd say i'm going to say the case to be universe and i, and i think the reason is that if you go specific you write about what you

understand and people can recognize some sort of commonality. i read a interview with you when you said that the enemy of the film is the economic system can use expand on that idea for some people. so this balance now is fast. so everybody and other people accuse me of stereotyping. the, the income of the time is within the community that i was portraying, and i think the prison people see whatever they want to see and what they're watching and that will come from a very subjective point of view. they're probably mine i doubt it. busy i've lost a novel, i bought them online, didn't like a battery that needed modernizing. nice paula. very nautical.

you didn't have to solicit half that my. what i wanted to kind of highlight was the fact that the, everybody's kind of being promised the world within out, you know, and the microcosm of that is the cornish cornish coastal community where you can, that's this. and as you know, you can come and you can buy up, or you can stand a proxy or you can, you can buy a little bit of community and then you've got, you can sit there and you can eat, you can eat crush class on, on your white linen and drink pressure juice out the window and and see the coin fisherman coming in and all this kind of stuff. and it's all a lie because i see the reality about what the films trying to and what i'm trying to express in the film is, you know, i did it industrial, you're going into a place is only that because of industry and industry clings on, then it's going to be noisy, it's going to be smelly. you're going to be inconvenienced that big paradox, you've been promised it

a lie and somebody's making money out of it. and everybody were in that situation to greater or lesser is a victim. so for example, that was been able to hit the couple with the baby, come down and stay in the old fishermen. net last am. it's quite easy to be me. and is there any comes out showing an efficient telling them that breaking the law or in making noise before 8 o'clock? it's kind of stuff is quite simplistic in a way. and they are kind of stereotypes that you asked before about which the film are real and which bits of made up the end. not so much worse was an exchange freshman friend of mine told me about just down the hill here and but i didn't want to demonize those people because they have been sold a lot. so i think what i was trying to express is the idea that somebody's making a lot of money out of out out of these kind of situations and those, you know how to play the game will always succeed. and you'll have all of these other people who are disenfranchised by you fail power less, who would end up reacting in ways that will harm them and how many

of a community and that's kind of where the lead character and bait collins himself. i think the way he wavy goes navy. oh, see on the beach and other kind of what i'm what might be being the balancing act is how much politics you inject into the film because you hair politics are. macey is kind of dispassionately played over the radio within tim in san jose house to the wealthier couple how, how much of a kind of balancing act was it to make the film again, as you said,

they kind of time the story but also link it to the very specific political moment that they were living, 3 aspects of the with brack, that fishing industry, the huge part of that and obviously with as a kind of cloth for aspect about around the time when the film came out. first, a few of the 1st reviews points out the fact that the film might be to the 1st british bricks it film. and i think people's way into that was the radio, the, the discussion, the radio forced out discussion that was going on in the background of the 2nd homeowners house, which was really just, there is sonic fila. course it was bricks, it, you know, to me it was white noise because that was all we were here and there was a discussion. those guy know i was at the points that were entrenched it. we can round and round and round. so i never saw about it, but i think when people came to some fresh critics, you wrote the 1st, the 1st let reviews they, they heard the words breaks it on the fisheries. cohen question. you can come and patient post age and whatnot. and then so this is

a film about rex it and then was able to look at the film a guy. yeah. this is you know, it whether it's al, agree or, or this is attractive breakfast. and i and i home, i saw it. well, it's not because this film was written 20 years before, but then i started thinking about it. but then i still breaks. it happened 20 years ago. really what we, what we were seeing 5 years ago with regard to the vote and everything that was, that was the result of what happened the generation ago. so it can help but be in it's no, it's not over. of course, it's going to be in the field if you may, if you're writing some of that, say in a contemporary british community, then it's always going to be political. there's always going to be a school element. and if there isn't a political element in that, then are more interested because it's not anything. yeah, i just want to ask you about something because your family thing build is one of

the top items on this who we are now cultural exchange program with strayer. so the, are you excited about the program? i'm a bit mixed about i didn't know anything about it. i just saw it on twitter or video that go into godaddy and, and i responded on twitter with a picture from the film of just stephen moore. the older brother in the film that can actually work on i'm big us because i just thought, well, 1st off it made me want to ask the question, who it was, who all we now? i got stuck thinking about for about 2 days. is that b f, i think that they were curating the cinema side of it. i would trust my life with those people who i worked with. so if they think it's good, it's good. do you know it was a picture of bars johnson and the australian prime minister exchanging biscuits or something? and i thought, well, maybe that we are now, we exchanged biscuits of australia exchanging time time. i think it was an

interesting ties into this because people accuse bars johnson when they had the g 7 down and calmly bases and it being tokenistic gestures towards cornwall. yeah. i think it was even tokenism to so connection you could say as opposed upside. i think i think it was tokenism. i think it was part of the rebranding of comal as a at the same people to spend the time and you know, i don't think it was all the stuff, all the financial stuff i've already been and that was, had already been dished out and it was so re hashed because there was an outcry about what was going on at cobb and bay and what, why we were having all these people coming in when we were still in the midst of a pandemic. so yeah, tokenism would have been better than what it actually is. i think it was well, let's talk now about your next project and it's man which is described as an eco suffolk. oh, horror film. so fickle is a producer,

denzil monk coined it was his take on my screen play in the definition b. and it's a film that deals with the results of human interference or human interaction one with the natural world. and how every, every instant the interaction with the human world may have a positive and negative effect. so it's for me, it's like it's a horror thriller really the deals with questions of time and of yeah, the, the state we've let we're going to leave the world in competitor stay when parents at the well margin can. thank you so much. thank you. mark jack in there talking to going undergrad deputy editor charlie cook and that's it for the show will be back on wednesday. exactly explosion and be rude to killed these 220 people in engine

5000 more. the nation now faces potential sanctions from the urban union in the face of economic crisis and another wave of corona virus until then he would try social media. let us know your 1st hand experience with gentrification. ah, ah. when i was sure seemed wrong. why don't, i just don't rule out the thing because after an engagement equal betrayal, when so many find themselves worlds apart, we choose to look for common ground.

the protest says fear that heightening codes of measures amount to 3, help pos, riley, across western europe, where the number of infections is still on the right. as your races against the restriction cobra cases in the united states increased 6 balls in july and politicians sending mixed messages about how to deal with the pandemic needing money for the political part, the choice involved in it. i just what you become around it, the politics, nothing a little andre, for ricky fosset at times law guy has.