match, kaiser's financial survival guide, liquid assets are those that you can convert into cash quite easily. to keep in mind, no, i mean to replace that or watch guys reported the crossing you true red lines. they platform permanently bonds to german language channels for allegedly violating its community guidelines. everything she called it a full fledged integration of media will by germany in the us marine as center military prison also has countries, leadership and kind of some pullout, deblanco. there have been a series of increasingly popular online video and all that i think national real cause has it. oh no. you don't get with you allocations of us crimes and i've gone it's prompting furious rise to accuse the c. c o being counted by washington

sanctions and those are the headlines. it's out of the next things. and actually if it comes with a with the hello and welcome to cross dog were all things considered? i'm peter lavelle, as anglo merkel makes her exit from german politics. voters have made it clear they are looking for new ideas and directions. wrinkles party suffered like total defeat with smaller parties in the mix to form a new governing coalition. will this be called to merkel inheritance? the cross talking the german elections. i'm joined by my guess,

man quarter up in london. he's a professor of political science and international relations and coventry university, as well as the author of the book angler merkel. europe's most influential leader in frankfort. we have are like, broken now. he is a political analyst and professor of political science at stanford university in berlin and in princeton we crossly harold james. he's a professor of history and international affairs at princeton university. his latest book is the war of ideas, a glossary of globalization. right gentlemen, cross talk rules and effect. that means you can jump in anytime you want. and i always appreciate its go to you 1st in frankfort. you're in germany here. before we talk about the, the election and what comes next, what is the legacy of anglo merkel? i mean, she is a towering figure in european politics has been for a very long time. she, whether quite a few crisis, these people have praised her, of others, have criticised her, but no matter what she made a huge mark in german politics in europe. european politics in general. what is her

legacy? on the one hand, there are great achievements. she come off the and managing crisis, being quiet, managing one step at a time and financial crisis. the greek crisis, the migration crisis breaks the damage. so everyone trusted as the success manager at the same time if you're trying to science, which is what you always described the way she's, she's not as pretty chick thinker, which means that it's 16 years, we never got a sense of what she wants your union come she didn't support mark call sufficiently with idea what direction he wants to guide the european union. so domestically, she is appreciated and people respect her across the party back from literally

speaking on the european level. that's quite well, let's get here. let me go to you in princeton. i mean for what we just heard there . she's a good manager, but not much of a politician and in looking at the election, it seemed a lot about policy and not so much about politics, which is really quite strange. because if you look in france, it's very, very political hungry poll, and there is a lot of politics going on. but in the german election to look very much policy driven, is that a reflection of anglo merkel and her inheritance for germany? go ahead and princeton us, peter, it's great to be with you and i think you're right on that. this was not a political election. there wasn't a big clash of ideas in germany. so it's very unlike france with the macro depend race or artist johnson against jeremy corbin are in the united states. they trump biden story and a,

one of the things i think it's important to realize is 1st the major people who presented themselves as possible candidates for being chance. they're all presented themselves as the continuation of mac or as so the c d u candidate was obviously the anointed air in the party and shots in the s p d. it was also really very much emphasizing the continuity and he looks like a figure who emphasizes continuity with mrs. macro also with how much mit getting back into the seventy's and eighty's and somebody who's tremendous new respected exactly the same way as miss america was as a centrist trigger, a crisis manager. and i think the complaint about not having a strategy is not quite right. i mean, mrs. macro had a view of what globalization means. it means germany on its own con or the operate effectively. it needs a bigger unit, so it needs

a european nice ational. and she was pushing that and i think it's, it's unfair to say that mrs. mackerel didn't really understand europe, the necessity as moving forward in europe. but europe is a very diverse country. so i think you can actually expect a lot of continuity and say that there's a recognition that there's a need to change the specific policies to deal with that changed or not really clear. and everybody, for instance, thinks that this policy needed to deal with climate change was ready to emissions every exactly the mechanism by which that's going to be achieved because it's going to be on popular. i think putting up gasoline prices will bring up heating prices and you saw the reaction against that in france, revision issue. and so there's a lot of debates in the coming weeks and months since the government is formed about exactly how that strategy is going to be implemented. mad. one of the

interesting things we look at the, the 2 major voting blocks in 2017, it was different. now that we see that miracles blocking took a slight electoral defeat here. but i don't see that, you know, again we've, we've mentioned the u. s. in france and all that, it's not so contentious. i mean, you would think with this kind of election outcome, it would be, you know, they would be slugging it out. but actually the, the, the center is very much coveted and german politics. and i want to talk about the smaller parties because there's growing fragmentation. but it's really interesting is that even if you disagree with anglo merkel, there is this sense it's built in that we need continuity. why is that? is it because of the last series of crises that we're, we heard mentioned before go ahead in london because germany is almost berkey and conservative reform in order to maintain it. she's all those journals are the carbon copy of the definition of a true so that when you teach in my political theory,

you only make changes in order the same. and what is interesting about german politics is that in a way, it's become more in the logical sense, conservative just maintaining that the status quo, and keep going wasting. and what is also interesting is that the other predictor policy spread. so we start with the critical t drinking. why, why does this have moved to the center? there was a lecture that what, how big are going to be going to be just on the 17th day of the democratic party where they said it was safe. and last to go find unique football team or politics always win. and it was almost as if there was been crushing it on the ground. so everybody was trying to be chris, which is a party that very interesting the, the 1st 35 years of the why didn't have

a program. it was sometimes there as a counsellor. so an organizer, they should like to talk. so german politics. well, very good story. read much more about why, but we all know there's some given politics. one where rich is the as a problem is they've been the or. ready and, and nobody, once i get mad you, you took the words right out of my mouth because christmas not a word that you applied to german politics, particularly in the last election. but there's nothing wrong with that. ok. let's go back to our guest in frankfort. we've, we've talked about merkle and her, the, and the, and, and her major opponents, s p d. but the next government is going to be made up of the pie breaker. the king makers are going to be the smaller parties, the green parties, liberals like that. i mean,

is this where the continuity and change meet go ahead in frankfort. well, 1st of all, to clarify what i meant in my 1st payment. i never said the euro. i said that she never presented the vision where she wants europe to guide. and if we compare it with science, was most likely the next chancellor said when we formed the next generation, you posed damage recovery package. he called madison moment said the european union both finally sees something like a union as a stabilizing macroeconomic specter to make some money to union more robust economic crisis. so that might be something that we will see happening in a lot of especially the next receiving countries waiting for such a think. know that germany is not only taking responsibility, but being more away from what used to be the old song of therapy is key. and we

have to keep our budget in order when it comes to. he's also not so much about therapies. p rather wants to push germany to invest in on an annual basis to find the need for the coming years. and his priority as the head of the green party, of course, is the threat climate. so in case we will be released and happening, we have a coalition of the green party, the democrats pushing the direction, which would also be beneficial for you and the expect. the liberal party that was always addressing your off, we would build a money pipeline to the south and we would all only waste taxpayer money. so they

will be the policy in the german government before we even reach the european level. harold, where was europe in this election? it was, and we want to talk about foreign policy in the 2nd half of the program. it was, it was remind me, i'm talking to harold here in print. i mean, i've, i'm really remarkable because germany is the engine for better or worse if you like it or not, of the european project here. and it wasn't on the ballot as it were. go ahead. harold was, i think, in a way, yeah, sure. but you're right on that, it really was on the, in this are all the main coffees in the political center where explicitly pro european and that includes the f t p by the way you enter european property at the f t a did very badly. and really only one votes in east germany at the same is true about the party. it was the former communist party to p d. s. it also did battle got under 5 percent of the vote as still represented in

the parliament though because of the peculiarities of the german election. but also really just in the eastern germany. and so in effect there's a anti european feeling in parts of eastern germany. but absolutely known in the old federal republic and there's an enormous consensus if there's an enormous consensus. you don't really need to have a disagreement about virtue in public order. it doesn't appear very prominent. harold, i have to jump in here. i have to go to a hard break, and after that hard break, we'll continue our discussion on the german election. stay with our team. the ah, ah, ah,

ah. ah me. there is your media, a reflection of reality. ah, the in a world transformed what will make you feel safer? tyson lation community. are you going the right way or are you being

direct? what is true? what is faith? in the world corrupted, you need to defend the join us in the depths will remain in the shallows, use the the the the welcome back to cross talk. we're all things are considered. i'm peter labelle . to remind you we're discussing the german elections in okay, when i want to go to matt. but before i ask a question, i want to address harold. i didn't,

i didn't want to give the impression that there was an anti european sentiment on the bout when i was saying a vision per europe moving forward. fiscal policy, things like that. i obviously the center is very pro european union. and so i want to make back their math as harold was just say something that a famous famous slogan that how much mit had a long time ago. but his widely widely repeated about visions in politics in schmidt said if you have a vision, you should go and consulting. i dr. unconcerned, an optician. that's probably why. okay. matt, joy, when harold was answering his last question before i went to the break you what you raise your hand one to jump in, please do right now. go ahead, man. yes. so 1st of all that quote, i think he actually did not say not to share with one of the more more so, but i think one of the things that he's the legacy of magical in

a negative sense comes back to the wrong important. you made the wrong peter about the difference between policy and politics of policy is about what works. that politics, according to the famous german definition, is fear, way between grand and enemy and in politics where he's too many friends, men shouldn't be fighting. would you need an element of that sort of hash of emotion? and i think the mental has had, is that she's been very good and policy making very good, a government by a spreadsheet. but sometimes you need a little bit more, especially when you feel that you're might be and i agree with us. so by the way, you know, the division of politics between friend and enemy. and that was a definition that was produced by congress schmidt. you really were very, very close to the nazi party and it's exactly the vision of some people that you have and well divided into friends and enemies with

a 0 sum game. and they all tentative view is a view in which you do cooperation and you to tradeoffs and you, you make compromises. and that's a, that's a realistic and productive view of the world. it's, it's not, it's not a bad view or it's, it's actually a very constructive view. it can be very constructive. you the problem that i was going tonight was that uncle, me, i can see. so focusing on the, the emotional side of politics. and when people in eastern europe, in particular, felt that there was globalized station, there were some regression of the slide that then they have been basically won't see more politics and less of a c. and i think the paradox that i'm glad that you can. so focus on on a see that she has failed to recognize the where the fears of those when america might be called the left. and especially people east in europe, waste in german 4 ways to germany who vote for the a f

d or. ready d link s p s. okay, let's go back to our guest and praying for a talk about the, the, the greens and the, the other small parties here. because it's very interesting that the greens didn't do as well as so many had hoped a few months ago. but if you look at the who voted for him, it was remarkably large number of young people. and in that sense, the climate was on the ballot. and, and what i'm getting at here is there's a generational change going on. now, how do you put that into the mix here because we still have this kind of very traditional set of parties that were often failure with here. but, you know, the green party, in my mind is kind of a wildcard, because even though it didn't do as well as people expected, its voting bass is pretty fervent and, and quite large when you, when you look at the demographics, what do you think about that go ahead. remarkable because it all started and i just party and now they are conservative. they want to conserve the

environment. what we also see is supported by young people, but young people don't matter. a country that have a serious problem when elections in the center elections where the old people and macro manage to deal with the old voters from the social democrats, by me being the concept of the party, the magic corner from conservative to the sense that allowed her to really 4 times now that the new leaders tried to move the conservative party back to where it came from. every one went back to the social democrats. and the social democrats won the elections with voters, which means that old people are afraid of change, and they are now pushed by the liberals, that one young voters party supporters are young. and it will be a very interesting correlation. if it's

a conservative change from the green party has a different understanding of conservatism. they'll also progressive together with the liberal party faces to slow down. not so fast, not understanding what leadership is, you know, herald. one of the things i liked about the german election is how people coined these words for potential coalitions. i'm going to read off a few of them the traffic light coalition, the grand coalition, the can you coalition, the jamaica coalition, there actually a few other ones with colors here. what's this going to look like over the next few weeks, maybe months here? what is going to be the, the bones of contention? what's going to be the deal breaker for a coalition to come into existence, go ahead. harold and princeton will indeed say the party is all have colors that are associated with them. and so it's easy to refer to the possible coalitions by

the name of national flags that happened to be in the colors. so at the germany coalition, for instance, is black red, gold or back red, yellow is black for the christian democrats. read for the democrats, yellow for the liberals, and fundamentally point i think it is rather peculiar one that is that everybody is fed up with the great coalition. with s p d c, d, u coalition. well, they're actually looking at it numerically. that would make the greater sense and that those are the 2 largest parties, and they probably could just have a very, very narrow majority in the parliament that say there's a feeling that that's tired. and even though the parties are very, very close in political doctrines, they didn't want to do that. and i think that makes the point again, that this is largely about personalities. rather than

a concrete policies. liberals and say, i think is being shipped by both national reach, the liberals, our more to the rights on economic policy on financial policy and more resistant to the idea of a debt to europe getting is ation hamiltonian moment. and the s p d and the greens would like to put up texas. so there's going to be really a substantial debate about that. and i think, you know, both actually reflect elements are profoundly represented in the german psyche. another favorite german phrase that gets recycling again and again is from good his house to so's dwell in my breast at try zealand vaughn. and i can my, the bruce and j one. so says you should do things. you should be collective and you

should have a collective vision and the other. so says you need to be careful and cautious, and it's a good idea to save in order to prepare yourself for future catastrophes. one of the reasons that the german government had a big room from a new vir going into the coven crisis, into the pandemic with really unprecedented economic. suddenly shocked was exactly that. they accumulated a strong fiscal position. they have a much greater room from the new and so the f t p 's words on caution, i think are also heated by shots and shots. there's not a wire spend it passed and he's cautious and he's right to be cautious. he does seem to me to be exactly the to him which met and he is sometimes make something of that, you know, and, but madness doesn't. the grand coalition make more make sense to continue here because of the moderation and holding onto the center here because we look at these other party, the smaller party, they all last in,

in vogue compared to the last general election for the parliament here. so i mean what you say with what works me, i know people didn't like the grand coalition, but it was because the, and particularly going through all of the crises that we've seen over the last few years. do you think it inevitably that's going to be it? i mean, it's fun to tinker on the sides, but is it? is it time to have fun is a time to be tinkering? go ahead, man. i think the the, the vanity of the, of the green policy and the liberal policy for receiving the government. i think it is conceivable that christian, a liberal leader will become finance minister that either lead to be up or with the foreign minister. i'm calling the, the vice chancellor and then shows would be the chancellor and that would give him the sort of support and they will be then pretty happy with those issues. the thing in germany, which is that in 65 of the constitution says the charles lays

out the guidelines all this. so the chancellor is slightly more than a prime minister. you set the tone and so on. so the other ones would get the vanity points and they would be able to, that probably would be know why that passes either go off nor down. they will be happy with that. i mean, before does she go? no tons of liberals were kicking up a bit faster than they ended up not going it's collision. social democrats bear with dragged kicking and screaming into coalition government and, and for more time, that's a loss of that. so i think the conservative cd you, i'm the c su, very important would not want to go into coalition because they would have to be junior. that's right. they'd be flipped. yeah. right. let me go to you in frankfort here to finish off here. what's your product? what's your one minute when? what's your prognosis or we're going to get what kind of government go ahead. i think lasha max, it's a political some be, he's already dad,

but he's not aware of it. and the only reason why the liberals and the reading parties give him the feeling that it's still a life is that it helps them to put pressure on us for the street life coalition to raise the price for what they get in return for election. that's the only reason. no 19 on the democrats type nor on the conservative side could ever imagine that with a result like this. and you want in germany would accept and they continue with the grand coalition that only switch stuff. this is a no go and jamaica. it's only a part a chip, while the ongoing precise. well, let's talk about that. and it remains to be seen who's gonna what position, which is very important given the large eagle off the head of our okay, what we run out of time gentlemen. but one thing is, pressure angland, miracles presence is going to be felt for a long time to come. many,

thanks to my guest at london, frankfort and in princeton. and thanks to our viewers for watching us here at r t c. next time. and remember, crossed up the the oh i me ah ah, i will. i

will. i my only work is a little boy the little girl made up because i don't want the cause the choice of me. sure. it's under which way you're committed to the national mac or pc. you can listen. can you not lead to the live

in a try now where we with so many inputs on a daily basis that are completely related to reality. so think about how and social media filters and they basically were present themselves in very unrealistic way. and so we come at a fomo, there is and be involved more than that. it's about the sort of envious or something. it may not exist. and it is also really tied to the fact that as humans, we want to be part of the crowd. ah, this is them guys doing business? sure you can't afford to miss. i'm rachel beloved. but i'm bridge born in washington coming up.