and how that's possible. daniel's mother was, wasn't that this point to medical science and pharmacology just can't keep up is, is we're talking about the entire world is c, v s. and there are developed countries that have managed to significantly reduce the risks. here. we took mass would go in for, in russia, people say myocardial infarction nor occurs in younger people because it's the opposite. you just as the average age has even risen a little more. let me give you some figures that make me happy in your new york, even though it's not about our country, was nearly, i'm part of the dartmouth dialog, willa. you know, the format that started back in eisenhower time would you, when relations between our leaders was strained as you then you guinea, prima cough and henry kissinger revived at your war. so there was this figure that ship a good 137000 people in the us that are over 100 years old. so you could i 2040 sheet. that number is expected to reach almost 400000. you said, wow,

if the good, what does that tell us through that? there are very many people who are now 9095 or 85 years old man. the state of the hills indicates a good chance that many of them will live to be a 100 or more. it is changing the social structure. to day we perform a lot of open heart surgeries in russia with us the renewable issues on patients aged between 75 and 80 by new. got to put that in perspective just 20 years ago. we wouldn't operate on a 50 year old patient, isn't it? the glass with regard to your question about technological advances, you know, it's matters and was we hadn't seen each other for 10 years and an alarm has change in medicine and technology. i have one compiled list of things i want to go through with you me item by item, you mention some of the things sound like raisins fiction, some not and it will be great to hear your professional opinion and left someplace

. for instance, in 2016, the united states. so the 1st surgery performed entirely using a surgical robot. and the me to the advantage is, are clear. roberts, on have shaking hands can do precision work and use finer tools, making the smallest incision. so yes, but the surgeon is still directing the entire procedure. really, i've been thinking since will leave in a time of rapid change and technological breakthroughs. is it possible that one day all surgeries will the robot assistant and that is when was the issue lose originally? were the idea was to use robots warmer as assistance to medical professionals who will soil have to work doing under challenging conditions from schools in a variety of emergency situations like though, those net sheet on submarines to aircraft in the mountains delivers the wood. that's what robots were created for with this as though alice that when robots started trending last night, they started to develop them further. okay. giving them 3 arms or 4 arms and so on

to her. but like the da vinci jekyll system would, ah, no, some of dooley chill out people have always strived for and hands, surgical precision deal using magnifying lenses and microscopes. we cheated an image. it's important because there are surgeries, especially in pediatrics, where you can make a patient and permanently disabled if you miss a cut by a millimeter. or you can give a patient a heart attack by puncturing a tiny vessel with a stitch seal so, so i can speak about that because i have experience all of it as a surgeon or the but the also robot assisted surgery is extremely costly in all respects. will it the robots are expensive, which in barrel and operating them is also expensive. in the united states, which has the highest number of robot assisted surgeries or more people are refusing robotic surgeries for many reasons, which i won't go into years. lithium in the patients are refusing yet because i

mean both patients and surgeons there's a lot of talk about the so called g 5 revelation and they say that it will give us high performance connections never seen before. so that can sailing genius surgeon, dr. mccary i would be able to operate on patients virtually anywhere in the world without even leaving the office slowly. but you meet with them with the media? yes, that's exactly what i said is naturally, that was the original idea behind robotic surgery in the world to have said, the da vinci surgical system in every city and town up so that one surgeon would be able to help an operating surgeon on site one, the surgeon would 1st open the patients chest and put the patient on a bypass in the hour to get those. and when that's done, we could all the surgeon working from another city, say moscow one could take over and perform the procedures using robotic hands forums. but let's say you are performing a coronary artery bypass surgery. done,

premier procedure performed most often. it gave you the surgical thread we use in such proceed is, is either $8.00 to 0 or $9.00 to 0. you groom it, though, it's almost invisible, impossible, and a surgeon's tactile perception borrower. you can, as well as his or her eyesight helps a lot. ugh, because you need to make sure you don't break the thread while placing the switches . when you, when robotic hands can't do that, not now sweet and i believe not ever programs. you can write software for the machine, but you cannot give a human tactile perception humor as it allows you to tie 7 to 8 knots to secure your suture. more years are pretty low. so when we talk about robotic surgery, yes, it is justified in some cases that say, but i can guarantee you 100 percent. that robotic technologies will never take over surgery from cardiac surgery. in particular, he has wherever black tactile percept? no, that's just one of the reasons you see cardiac surgery requires the participation of a whole team of professionals when you use every surgery with cardiac bypass is performed

by a surgical tame and way perform say, $150000.00 such surgeries every year. you start to do that, you need to have all these people properly trained values, a robot that you and even out of them only the most experienced can be put in charge of robot assisted, or minimally invasive techniques. you otherwise, your risk fatalities and other misfortunes unless they so you don't believe that full robotic surgery without human involvement will ever be possible motion. i'm no, absolutely not. almost a robot can break a leg or a hand so blurred, but that he can't imagine a robot and was putting some, either in on the wound or scrubbing hands before surgery. can you be a rule at creek or putting all these sterilized robes on examining the scope of work? question, what the she had enough and i think i understand another innovation. i want to ask you. that is something i'm fine, almost unbelievable. she n,

these are the so called nana roberts. yeah. how real is that? i mean, if i understand correctly, we're talking about what would molecule size rather that can enter blood vessels. and even the smallest ones are where they can repair tissues or destroy pathogens on command and so on back how real is that monkey? and is it is what happens to this tiny bad when it's done with whatever it's doing . how does it get out to whites? is it clean? i'll explain to her as soon as any foreign object or agent enters the human body, it gets literally covered with all types of tissues, smith, car, because that's how our system protects itself from intruders. so if we consider this idea, the way you just told me, i find it very unlikely that any robot could just move about freely inside a human body. it sounds very much like all those people recommending you use herbal medicine only. not old. she's garlic herbs, the cam hill and so on would the so would you let me tell you how it works. would

you look at them? would be in every pill. there are active agents that are carried by the bloodstream . the hor, you pulled that to the area where they need it. come up, it gets there with the blood or it's the only way machine you by now, thanks to the mechanism of the blood pressure gradient around the hole, they can reach the infected or otherwise affected area damage and do their job with time, we told, however, almost when people decide they want a herbal remedy or, but it says up quench and cut that chile could contain next, a 0 quantities of such useful agents as, while also increasing the load on the stomach, causing the liver and so on. so by analogy, if we talk about these nano robots use the war even if the bloodstream takes them to the affected area. well, that's just half of the problem from another. the other half is that these robots need to be designed in such a way radius of that. they wouldn't form a clot seos. it's very serious. i can give you lots of examples on this topic. guy

. okay, let's talk about the artificial heart. it's also something that's brought up a lot. would you say something like a pacemaker? no, it's not. i can tell you what it is. well, it's a, you know, the 1st thing at styles what happens if it breaks it smoother. he artificial heart is something very different. it's not, it's basically a pump that performs the functions of a human heart fully or partially don't of welsh. i've personally installed a large number and variety of these pumps. or i believe this technology has a promising future. note that we bring to give you an example here. half a 1000000 people in the united states are in a heart failure risk groups that you mentioned. we won't find that many transplants for one rescue seduce her computer. secondly, no good you. not all of them can have a transplant because of their age. no. and thirdly, that it's very expensive and not covered by regular insurance. aid my losing

kinessa for asthma, so the left ventricle, it gets only half of the $3.00 or 4 layers of blood that it has to pump out per minute mission worse, believe in your lead to recruit. meanwhile, e or nobody is new with this lesson strain, what it starts functioning better and can even regenerate, to some extent brianna de leon, what sicily, it's the left ventricle that's responsible for our arterial pressure at this point . unfortunately, it turns out that hate exchange is still an issue. she's grab some at your pool. now what does this mean? the temperature of blood is $36.00 degrees celsius. it's warm low and the device is placed right next to the lung, which is hot. so it gets closet. so the yeah, i think that together. so all of us, your developers and doctors, which you regime, we will figure it out. it and then people will certainly be able to live very long

lives well should, which is a very small surgery. we put one cannula in the left atrium, virus mall incision and attach another cannula, to say, an artery, and that's it. so i'm definitely all fours. okay, why don't we yeah, of salute zach i want to stump you described. does it recharge on its own? does it need that is charging when you look up at near all moves in moon? yes, it needs charging league for now. unfortunately, the device is powered by a battery of misty mood centers to shoe, but the chargers external, it is very light and so on. we're so caught in the hood, so veneer on renewed his role as to what i, what is a pass line theory that this artificial heart would reach art simply through movement. which, you know, like in good mechanical, a swiss watch. it doesn't need a battery, does it? something like that. so if i can answer that, that should do this. a professor called olga bacteria who created an epa, cardio electronic pacemaker credit. the trim. now how does that work then we stay

when we implant pacemakers that get the we now have tens of thousands of people going about their lives with pacemakers was a little, there's always a small chance of electrode thrombosis or infection. you can still, in addition, the electrodes go through the tri cosper valve and can to an extent with the, depending on its exact position. it can prevent the tri, cosper dow, from closing all the way lay because kept. so she got a grant from the ministry of education and science and created an epa cordial electrode that can be put directly on the heart through thor acost copy which, unless, which involves a very small incision. the device is 18 millimeters in diameter and it works just as well is now now they're finishing with their 2nd grant research. and initially the pacemaker has a battery, of course, a tiny one. but now they're finishing up with their research aimed at using the energy of the hot contractions to recharge it if they, but they're take

a short break right now when we're back we'll continue talking to a world renowned heart surgeon leukemia stay with us. ah these people learn from their own experience, how vulnerable a business is to the bank. so he pushed my business over the age, pushes me right to the edge, bankruptcy now i realize we were good. this isn't just the back that may be involved in this is the concept. see funds. it is the lawyers. these people have got you want other stories at a walk kind of whistle blower. tell people's marriages have broken up,

lost their family homes. it is spectacularly devastating. for people's lives, they have committed suicide, but left behind norwich. they explicitly state that it was the constant intimidation and billing by buying coffee sauce that late them. i took the spear obscene these people up, nor saw well, the kid is up president of a latin american country armed with volcano energy is calling out the wall street. and the whole finance class with ocean was time on what it was i'm. it will still it'll cover that initial yoke. annoies to a freshman

we'll teach don't. don't love. would you think that that would because if that's something you would prevent them with a wound up that's mental percentage of your properties was for what fin the if i don't with the filled with like you with ah, it's nice since often when he's got on west one who wins luck with them, so we'll do so with the portal. it keeps them from from the new book i live with us . that's still the same ones. let me use this. global logo slowed to bring me as i will continue to one wonderful, scared little school lip shampoo chip it, but our one what do you think that us them i mean on i besides in that we send it back.

ah, and we're back with world renowned heart surgeon, dr. leo, bulgaria, talking about what's real in terms of heart replacement and heart surgery these days. and what's a fantasy? da, can look at him, though, i think you said the urn and i'm heart donors for everyone. i've been apart from artificial human heart, there's a lot of talk about transplanting when pigs hearts into use shoes as an alternative . i mean, or shoot that as far as i know in china they already grow their genetically modified picks of she, i don't know those pigs hardest, suitable replacement let you hard at g in 1960, for the 3 years before doctor christian barnard performed the 1st human to human

heart transplant you all american surgeon, dr. hardy young, transplanted the heart of a chimpanzee into a dying patient, a bottle at 1st, everything was going fine. oh, it's in about 24 hours. the heart gave out what it is. oh, you see, of course there are inter species differences meets but her heart is essentially a pump issue with it. and i need to understand that if a person weighs 80 killers and has this little heart with the poor, and it will start wearing out unless the weight is dropped to 60 kilos. well, in the day before yesterday we had a surgery and we were looking for a heart don't a patient number to serious when we learned there was a donor cousin, we choose a patient about the same size. so all that talk about transplantation remains on paper, at least for now water of e. that's why i focused mainly on artificial hearts quoted. you and then the fringe, the shirt crash up. i sure yes is throwing up at people also talking about 3 d printers which allegedly can work miracles just

a few weeks ago was through i read about a neighborhood in mexico that was entirely 3 d printing. and in israel, they print a heart with human tissue. oh, a tiny hard for sure, but still it's a hard thing. is it possible that a patient one have to wait for a donor heart or an animal transplant? me will just have a 3 d printer at your hospital and print hearts was clean, keep looked at them being, what am i supposed to make a living hard from? they say it can be made from living tissue, but i don't really know what that means from past is it section, i don't know, they are radically possible. however, having spent all my life working in the field of cardiovascular surgery, i can say that this would be the end for my field. so if they manage to do that, there'll be nothing else left to learn where it is to your shows known. and we're still treating them, not as it for now. i san and wish and take it seriously. am i cracked? let's be real. so every day when we say real people who are ill, june, region, but in the her g. lots of them. so you've just everything that there is to try.

we've tried all of it for one and things that have been proven to work have become standard procedure. unfortunately, there's nothing better than a donor hard. in 2016 ad team of researchers in united states successfully grew heart tissue from stem cells. here is that possible? where was one? which one did he look right now? made sure that your inside the building that has seen more stem cell research than any other place in the world who in swallow escalator i measured some 20 years ago . moses with the americans came here with their stem cells, which could be implanted in any one, a human or a dog which, but that's how pure they were. she said, yes, it was. so i got all the necessary permissions again and implanted those stem cells and several patients with coronary artery disease or that bullet jewish. 31 of them died a couple of years after that where it got done,

we examined the body and saw that those cells took very well. you know, i knew though, over i didn't fully assimilate. i'd formed a strip of sauce you, cookie mormonism the cell simply didn't connect to the cardiac muscle, but since then you got there later. i discussed this case with my colleagues and everyone agreed with my conclusion, including those who brought those cells. it magically it, these cells have no nerves and no blood supply. you can always sna virginia by. that's why we now use a mixture of cells to ensure innovation is just not clear that you are pretty new. serious little some children are born with one artery. i mean, they have to you, you got to river, one of them stems from the pulmonary artery. you d a taurus, and yes, this is the american american american not not hold you to this artery carries venus blood on the one that's blue crew senior white as

a result of that child may develop extensive myocardial infarction at the age of only 4 months. so mature was and we have to do the same kind of surgery as we do with people of any other age. are you my, you know, i knew that the problem is that there is very little cardiac tissue to work with, but that's why i wanted to try stem cells and the results that we got were very impressive excursions since then. the way surgeries are done on such children have changed drastically. it has improved to wouldn't. today we don't use stem cells for that, but we did experiment with them in the past. started shoot artie when it comes to children, you're fine. yeah, i know how it happens, especially bodies are growing when you will. they are very responsive to all kinds of interventions and adapt easily. what is the perilous look on amazon condemned as for adults wellness stem cells work differently and you have to be extremely cautious. you know, the recurring eckworth new to get it, but that i'd like to ask you about gadgets. all these devices, small watches,

phones, et cetera, with the food they can now count your stamps even more inter your heart rate. and before it was saying, also as again a parent, you could just recently an elderly lady in new york on a smart watch as a present from her grandchildren in the, at that it actually helped her avoid a heart attack by analyzing her condition. if you can find, i thought to myself, styles can't be real, i mean, you no longer need to go for a checkup. you can self diagnose at home and then go to a doctor for a treatment. if need it was, is that so that she was delicious? still, doctor nguyen, this really is a breakthrough because it can have a massive impact unless we can buy a blood pressure monitor and check your blood pressure twice a day for it to see whether there are any spikes already in there. it dumbed well as the genius mere disney was his for doing with or in those to were but i and that may help you with adjusting the dosage of a particular drug or less focus coconut. so that you would take as much as you

really need was not as much as you prescribed of where you will. it's on their devices, like the one you mentioned have revolutionized our lives. oh no, i'm all for them. it. but almost here's what i can tell you just to my close friends, son designed a device that can measure and record your hearts activity. not for one day, little cocora, but for a week graduate. you know, so you are need you. oh, look a, it's like a whole to monitor now, so you know, did you can wear it for one day for 3 days or for a week? we're in this case, it's on a watch or chill out of your pocket or gadgets like these allow people who are worried about their health to take action smarter, utah. so that's how i say this idea. i don't think that everyone should be wearing these devices niche and i at near do you see your heart rate go up? you can alarmed that raises your heart rate even further and so on, you know, but holding. so it's a huge step forward with these devices. and now lots of companies are working on

smart watches or similar devices to monitor uses health. it's a good thing or st. louis talk during the kid them early. it which has laurie basil . again the engine in their genetic engineering. i mean, i don't know how you'd react to that in more than a week. there now saying that ye can identify a heart disease related gene that was passed to a child and replace it until the child won't suffer from any heart problems. and a teacher belizean bretzkey that there's no practical implementation yet, you know, which, you know, got as of course, there is a lot of research and we welcome it. so because you won't find a solution if you don't look for what nor, or in, but i don't think it's that easy. what bureau to be able to diagnose it so that the a lab has to have the necessary time tested equipment rejected and qualified specialists that is to share baldwin and report and re doctors have to know about it. so they could refer the patients their so called tori to her as was in there

will be patiently waiting for it. rach snyder with them. she will not private today would would use that to fill you yet. i just know that in friends to reduce the number of children born with down syndrome to almost 0 because they came to terminate from our advanced missouri. so i thought maybe it was possible for the heart disease as well, which is good to return the here's what i have to say on the subject. lead about 15 or maybe 20 years ago. c u. k wants to forbid births of children with hyper plastic lift heart syndrome be doing regardless of the gestational age. you and french doctors actively supported them. marijuana so okay. but um, well, we didn't have any effective methods of treating it back then was here said the you said you handled the chic or are what is hyper plastic left heart syndrome. it means the heart only has the right ventricle. while the left one is virtually non

existent, and there is no material valves, no iota is just lonely, 2 millimeters long. so ideally the child would have to undergo 3 operations in its 1st year of life, gone. that course with 3 operations adverse outcomes are quite common. shades east them together with the americans. we convinced them not to proceed with this ban or women giving birth to children like that. when they, for me, the best argument was the mothers whose children with a chill, a chest grew up ross. there was a book, i've read it twice. i think it was just incredible. right. these children are very attached to their parents because the parents don't on them really worked. so they probably main these children now and the french probably managed to push this lord and make it mandatory for a woman pregnant with a child who has h. l. a chest to get an induced abortion. your it's and what would this that would wait? the more my remember it very well because i was strongly against what are you k

colleagues were doing at this time both of those to deal with marcia. they later congratulated me on winning this battle. the bottom anemia was that a released him some over b, pursue all grandma, thank you so much for his educational and really insightful talk and i've learned so many new things based heroes. now, please take care of yourself and with you. we have nothing to fear. dad, thanks a lot. again, i happy to hear it. thank you very much. bye. ah ah, ah,

look forward to talking to you all. that technology should work for people. a robot must obey the orders given by human beings, except where such orders at conflict with the 1st law show your identification. we should be very careful about personal intelligence at the point, obviously is too great trust, rather than fear. i would like to take on various jobs with artificial intelligence . real, somebody with a robot must protect that phone existence with when i see black america, i see kind of myself when i was growing up like america spoke to me. why destroyed you did not. those who say black lives matter is

a movement we are importing from america. no, nothing is who we are. i lived in a world where wide lives mattered. and i was not wide like missing. and i wasn't known from black america. i learned how to speak back to whitefish aboriginal people here. i'm more every day we are moving them now with the police were out with she states, i'm scared that more children are going to grow up in the country that think says no racism, but they're more likely to kinda cool just system in there. although the still are friends in daycare, join me every thursday on the alex simon, sure. and i'll be speaking to guess in the world politics sport, business, i'm show business. i'll see you then

hope headline for this our lab one ot st. clashes, lofton corks, and a heavy, dry caption. the italian government is bracing for a wave of civil unrest as it rolls out. mad, retreat, covey, green cost is for old workers. what we want to use for this green possible to be revoked. if this doesn't happen, we will close the port to think that the green pass is an unlawful tool, an improper one that should not be forced to from the workers because it is discriminatory. billionaire, facebook boss mug soccer bug is accused of election meddling as were searches for the new york post to claim his donations aimed at and posting, turn out in u. s. swinging states may have indeed helped joe biden get into the white house. also a u. s. judge accusers or d c, jail of violating human rights by denying medical care to a suspect in the.