ah, well controlled for people, planet prosperity, those were chosen as the guiding priorities of b. g. 20 summit in rome. one of the 1st person gathering some global leaders to try while the piece is great. is that bumper sticker? is it realistic? in terms of social and economic policy general prioritize the health plan while also delivering people into prosperity. well, to discuss it now joined by your current professor political science at the university of toronto and director of the g 20 research group. those are kristen, it's good to talk to you. thank you very much for taking the time to meet with you . ok center. i know that on the eve of the 20 some if you think wide optimistic

about its prospects, and if i understood your rationale correctly, you're essentially argued that the severity of the challenge is that the g 20 leaders have to deal with doesn't lead them my choice either down to all of this leads them to get down to work regardless of their differences and difficulties. now that the champagne bottles i, i you just as a bit about the results of these gathering as you were on the evil mit. yes i am. i had predicted that it was on track to deliver a significant performance and that the n i concluded that in fact it had that significant performance overall was made up of the 3 big priorities that the leaders i had to act on. and that they, the 1st of course, as you mentioned,

was people. and that was all about saving lives from cove 19 in a world where coverage 19 is as we speak, killed at least $5000000.00 people and cost many trillions of dollars. and the promise there was to vaccinate 70 percent of the world's people by the end of next year. that's a credible commitment. even though the numbers and then we will address the added to fees as well. but let's stick to this one. they definitely made commitments, requests whether they and they made those commitments before, you know, and the previous various interactions. but as things that now there's still no mutual recognition of vaccine. so let's say me your own from russia despite being

fully vaccinated by the fall made, let's see. i will not be my house status will not be recognize in your, in your country of canada and the same applies for you as well. so, surely talk a great deal about that here with the people that they have, they actually deliver it. you're right in that russia is a real problem with only about one quarter of the people fully vaccinated for a number of reasons, including the exceptional vaccine hesitancy within the russian federation of globally, amongst the 7000000000 people. i was encouraged by a, in the wrong community, was not only the, a specific a promise another wrong. but we did have a unilateral promises from some tea countries about how many donations and

doses they would produce and deliver by the end of next year. and here the biggest one always from india, and we know it's got the production capacity. it promised 5000000000. now you put that against the 7000000000 people on the planet. and it's a major step forward now and then the weekend for promised to be to cure it. there seems to be a lot of pee this evening, but it has to be realized because she's gonna have to deliver certain financial support. and me for this promises before the for a year ago we heard them 2 years ago and name this promise is that still remain one they are promises? well, i 2 things on that, tom ah, a year ago we had some countries in japan, for example,

didn't have doses promise dollars to callbacks, but even a fall that got the dollars, there were no doses to buy anywhere. there was a global shortage. now we have a global sir plus um, in the rich, the 7 countries of the vaccine that everybody wants. the pfizer is the journalist and even know that now being approved. so we have the supply is simply a way of getting them to other countries that need them and then going the last mile because there's a vaccine hesitancy, a very poor health infrastructure to deliver them in so many places, afghanistan, 80, and so on. but by the end of next year, i think we can do it and hit the 70 percent target. now,

don't end up in making like a rather bile or let's say a logically motivated question, but i, don't me don't mean it as such, but we know very well that many developed countries, including candidate, by the way, who are the diagnosis of faxes you. now you say that there is an over supply now, but if i'm not mistaken, canada has contract and 4 times as many doses as it passed people, while many countries in africa, vaccinate oakland, administer a single shot to to that people is. this is randy and asked to share really go through from the bottom of the car, from the genuine care for the people are simply from, you know, your own needs being fully satisfied. and now you have to deal with the over supply of this scenes. and of course, if you don't need them, why, why can't you share them with those who need them? yeah, good question. canada,

i like many countries of the not the russian federation could not produce vaccines of its own. so it had to all buy them from other countries. and at the beginning you didn't know which ones would actually work. so by the canadian government bought foreign times is finney hoping tom or one of them would work or to work and they'd get 50 percent of each of the deliveries. so on time, the big problem we now face is that come countries, whichever surplus are saying no, we want to do a 3rd dose to our most vulnerable people, so we don't have any to spare on the whole candidate is not on there yet. but we still have to make sure that the delta plus variant doesn't spread from the united kingdom, which is being ravaged by it, into other countries. so like canada and the united states. so it's

not a sure bad, but on the whole a, it is something we can do when broader point behind all of this is a, my group monitors the compliance of all g 20 members with their commitments. they made a thorough last summer. the last one was in riyadh, saudi arabia, november 2020 by the been commitments. so we're on precisely this. and what we have found is that a year later on, even the rome summit countries had complied an unprecedentedly high level, 85 percent. so finally, the g 20 summit are making the commitments that really count promises may

promises count and i am optimistic that because that great shock of cold it is still with us. i think we'll get high compliance with the wrong commitments on cobra 2. and i'm wondering if one of the apps side, so they say very tragic situation, is that, wow, this whole pandemic clearly magnified some of the long existing inequalities in the world. i need also, so i'm providing additional agency and energy for those who are on the shore and all the sort of the big. and by that i mean that many of the african countries have been waiting and waiting on the developer role to deliver those promise vaccines. some of them are now developing those vaccines on their own. we see more and more trade on the local level. people are finding, you know, that calling in very, very unusual places. so i wonder if you know,

if one of the seller linings, or the current when damage is the disadvantage becoming less dependent on the privilege, at least when it comes to the level of nation states. i think that's great insight . and here we have to go back to one of the most successful g 20 summit that was in st. petersburg in september 2013. we're the 1st time q 20 leaders promise not a strong, sustainable and balanced growth, but inclusive growth growth for everyone. but they were in many ways, just words until the coven epidemic pandemic made it very real. so an early stage we did see some countries donating vaccines. are russia to neighbors, china,

to and finally of the united states in big volume as well. but now we're already seeing the rich countries of the g 20 actually provide practical support for domestic manufacturing in different countries in africa and further were commitments were made at the rome summit. that's one of the reasons i'm optimistic because by the time we get to the end of next year, it won't be just importing them from india. it will be making them out within south africa, and it can send it to it african neighbors as well. now that brings me back to the question i posed in the very beginning of our conversation, whether people, planet prosperity is just a nice combination, of course, whether one can realistically count on protecting the planet by also delivering

all as people not just to 65 or 64 percent that beside the g 20 countries, but all of its people into prosperity while dealing with still rapidly mutating virus with falling incomes are rising. budget deficits are all the other problems that i sent you, the amount to find, either realistic, i understand that fraction of this moment, but do you think it's supported by data that could be done? ah, i'm optimistic about what rome can do if we turn to prosperity. for example, one of the brig breakthroughs was an agreement by the a better off countries of the g 20 to channel, to give their share of 2 thirds of a trillion dollars just created at the international monetary fund. that's about

$350000000000.00. and give some of it to the poorest countries in the world. the tourist, again, we go back to working for the bottom one percent of the global community and not just the top one percent. and at the g 20 summit to we saw several countries step up and made that real a. canada was one of them. others on to. but um, china has also, even though it still says it's a developing country, head of the g $77.00 plus a china in to is just said that it would channel some of its new sd ours. they're called but it's so real bunny to the poorest countries in the world isn't enough. uh huh. no, they have to do more on debt relief before the poorest. but some signs

they, i know it actually a will do more than if that summit had never taken place. and another one, if i could just and prosperity i hear, they finally introduced a revolutionary new tax regime. so the richest multinational companies in the world will finally have to start to pay taxes to the governments of the countries in which they make their money. and those are poor trish as well as ah, rich ones. dr. great, and we have to take a very short break right now, but it will be back to the discussion in just a few moments here. ah, the british and american governments have often been accused of destroying lives in

their own interests. while you see in this, these techniques is to stay devising methods to it essentially destroy the personality of an individual. by scientific means. this is how one doctors, theories were allegedly used in psychological warfare against prisoners deemed a danger to the state. that was the foundation for the method of psychological interrogation, psychological torture, the ca, disseminated within the u. s. intelligence community and worldwide among allies for the next 30 years. and how the victim say they still live with the consequences today. oh is your media reflection of reality? ah, in the world transformed what will make you feel safer?

isolation, whole community. are you going the right way? where are you being led somewhere? direct. what is true? what is faith? in the world corrupted, you need to descend. ah, so join us in the depths or remain in the shallows. ah, why is that your director of the frontier research group? currently, before the break, we talked a lot about that people, we touched on the on the 2nd p of prosperity. now let's talk about this 3rd key,

which is the plan. now i come from a country whose leadership i think, is developing a strong mistrust. a scientific expertise, especially when it comes to climate change. i think no reason climate change but climate policy. i think that would be more precise. and i think many people in moscow see this latest crisis as a prime example of how expensive and perilous it could be. well, why substitute ideology even a green ideology or solid analysis? i would like to ask you as, as a major research group, do you think some of those of that skepticism it's valid for? when i look at i'm on the screen and is approach on into the room, some of the end of the glasgow summit on climate change. i don't see any ology.

i see that he like me now understands that there's only one real existential threat to all living things on the planet. you know, and both of us grew up, but it was nuclear war. now it is a climate change. so what i would focus on is his recognition of that scientific reality. and we do have to remember that russia still has, in many fields, are the best scientists in the world. and when it comes to any of the 20 countries down that something is happening, it's not, as i said about climate change, but rather what to do about it. what is the best, the most mission, the most um, you know, nation they, as i said,

way of dealing with it. and specifically whether it's with transition to the renewables is advisable or even safe at this point of time at. and i bring it back to the credit and prices, which was a in par, drawn by the, by a low wind generation in the u. k. that certain political decisions made in europe about gas and oil. do you think they call for any caution or should be here? go full speed hack into substituting fossil fuels when you both as soon as possible. oh yes we should and you're quite right. but now that mr. trump is gone, we have no climate deniers at the table, but some wonder about what mr. ball scenario. brazil still believes in his heart

and soul and whether he believes in it enough to in countries that still depend on coal, south africa, whether we have to move into renewables on the fast and on our renewables where we get the power. i think what we have to do, and we're starting to see it is go beyond the traditional alma wind and i'm a solar. after all, are russia like it? it is a cold, dark country. but we also have some of the longest coast lines in the world. so that means not only offshore wind, but wave power. title, power, totally predictable, and many other forms of our renewables are to including nuclear power, which i think we have traditional energy source less and some people in the western

will consider it as a, as a clean energy source. ah, nuclear. yes. germany and japan with their very distinctive history going all the way back to the 2nd world war. but here on the french are right, or the arithmetic says, we've got to keep the existing nuclear plants on. we have until they end reached the end of their a lifetime. we just can't afford to shut them off. well, you just said a moment ago that we shouldn't just exclusively focus on the solar and the way i think people are they talk for a moment because if we consider the whole production chain from, you know, rare materials, you know, friends using accumulators to them. recycling everything that is last, it's a pretty energy intensive and dirty process at this point of time and many developed countries preferred outsourced that production on to the other part of

the world. don't you think it's slightly higher critical to that lady about saving the planet and some sort of outsource the dirtiest part of it on to your neighbors? i do, but one of the good things about the next generation of our renewables is almost all g. 20 countries, a sea coast, all can do geothermal power in the form of heat pumps, stored on hydro and many other things. so that's the next to renewables or revolution we need. but on the bigger point of us sending dirty industries abroad, that's clearly why it's an old problem. we need a single set of rules. and in north america, canada facial the problem. we have a single national price on carbon or friends in the united states don't. so will

the dirty industries move there and then pump their products into canada because we have a free trade agreement with them. and russia, of course, faces the problem even without a free trade agreement with the european union, with a single national price on carbon. so we do need to get a hold of this problem and the to 20 starting to before we have a big trade war. even if we need some common rules here, i wonder who can i, you know, agree on those rules. because even if you look at the latest i'm at and roam, 1st of all, russian china graphs. and i think one of the reasons they were asking was because they simply don't agree with the way western power stance. you know many, if you a, the climate change issue, that's my personal opinion. i but i'm entitled to it. and 2nd law, if you look at, for example, and joe biden, you know, and i mean,

wrong with and what are kate of high mission cars numbering? i think 85 we goes, or boys, johnson taking at private dad to get from london to glasgow while also fuming about the environmental impact on commercial aviation and why, what have you. i mean that, that kind of looks like, you know, this is a subject to, you know, treat but not necessarily to practice. well, i blame my, you know, on mosque for not getting transit and buying an electric kessler. and i'm really good about it. and is it pretty experience basement any he can, if he cares about the class, he could have, i tied up his entourage a little bit here. maybe you know, from a 5 cars, maybe to let's say 30 that would save the planets. i'm environmental impact. would it not? i don't think the difference between

a cars is going to be consequential. and i think the image, the president, as a said from his are real policies. i gave a real substance to his claim for environmental leadership. the united states is, i mean by real substance abuse is 85 high emission cars and you say he talks about the need to protect the planet. sure. he's starting south. i mean, americans have this expression, the bus stop here, some key chain back. you know, he's on behavior. cutting a u. s. emissions by 52 percent. by 2030, and net 0 by 2050. if only the other on a traditional superpower would accept those numbers on the world would be a much better off because they are in the top tier of climate polluters.

so the real problem doesn't lie in the white house in washington, if a law lives in the congress where a lot of the republicans inspired still by donald trump, are seeking to destroy him. because they're a great guru. donald trump really still doesn't believe in climate change. so i think all of the other members of the g. 20, you know, russia, the china, we have a common problem inside the congress of the united states. you mentioned another b r to power. i assume it's russia and you know that the recent position on climate change is that we definitely should be dealing with it by improving energy efficiency and developing more sustainable sources of energy including nuclear power, including hydro power, including natural gas, is

a way to go and russian says that it's absorption capacity, huge absorption capacity. now this idea in forest also should be taken into account . do you think that this claim is justified for decades? i think one of the great problems in the global governance for climate change is everybody has focused on the sources of emissions up, you know, energy and forgotten about the power of the sinks that absorb them that shut on down. so finally on the you're quite right. we have seen the world talk to for a super powers. that's the russian federation and canada. get their partners along with help from other friends, including the united states, a to agree. they now stood at glasgow just the other day to

stop deforestation 9 years from now. so those trees can continue to absorb massive amounts of greenhouse gas emissions at rome that she 20. they finally agreed to plant a tree and fries to start to replace all those we've all lost. now there's more that the 2 countries could do. canada and run. we are the world's talk to superpower is not only in forests, but in p lands. impede lands, absorb much more carbon than even our forests do. so i'm waiting for that g 20. i didn't that wrong, but maybe at glasgow the un. well, to discover the power of our pete lambs and save them to wow. let's see how to go see would be very interesting,

your fresh and kind of that with each other, i suppose. do something like that, but also for the benefit of the planet and its people with music or do we have to leave it there? but thank you very much for being with us today. always a pleasure and thank you for watching hope to see you again next week. i will. busy depart, ah with mm ah ah, ah,

just ah, the iraqi prime minister survives that drone bombing on his residence, which the interior ministry describes as a terrorist attack. the reported assassination attempt comes after brutal rights in baghdad over last month's contested election. also in the week's top stories, a whistle blower to report in the british medical journal points to serious flaws and the testing of pfizer is cobit vaccine. although so far, u. s. authorities have been reluctant to investigate them while infection rates soar to an all time record in germany, anti locked on active as plus with police, other rally against tough new government restrictions.