ah, well, control to people plan parity, those were chosen as the guiding priorities of the plan to summit in row one of the 1st person gathering some global leaders in condemning trucks. while the piece is great, is that bumper sticker? is it realistic? in terms of social and economic policy general prioritize the health of the planet while also delivering its people into prosperity. well, to discuss it now joined by john kirsten professor political science at the university of toronto and director of the g 20 research group. those are kristen, it's good to talk to you. thank you very much for taking the time to meet with you . ok center. so i know that on the eve of the 20 some if you think wide optimistic

about its prospects, and if i understood your rationale correctly, you're essentially argued that the severity of the challenge is that they went to leaders have to deal with, doesn't lead them my choice either down to all of this leads them to get down to work regardless of their differences and the difficulties. now that the champagne bottles i, i you just as a bit about the results of these gathering as you were on the eve of it. yes i am, i had predicted that it was on track to deliver a significant performance at the end, i concluded that in fact it had that significant performance overall was made up of the 3 big priorities that the leaders i had to act on and that they did the 1st a car, as you mentioned,

was people. and that was all about saving lives from cove 19 in a world where covered 19 is as we speak, killed at least $5000000.00 people in cost many trillions of dollars. and the big stand out promise there was to vaccinate 70 percent of the world's people by the end of next year. that's a credible commitment. even though the numbers and then we will address the added to fees as well. but let's stick to this one. they definitely made commitments, requests whether they and they made those commitments before, you know, and the previous various interactions. but as things that now there's still no mutual recognition of vaccine. so let's say me your own from russia despite being

fully vaccinated by the fall made, let's see. i will not be my house status will not be recognize in your, in your country of canada and the same applies for you as well. so sure, the talk a great deal about that here with the people that they have, they actually deliver it. you're right in that russia is a real problem with only about one quarter of the people come fully a vaccinated for a number of reasons. i, including the exceptional of vaccine, hesitancy within the russian federation of globally, amongst the 7000000000 people. i was encouraged by a, in the wrong community, was not only the, a specific. i'm a promise that i promised i, but we did have a unilateral promises from some tea countries about how many donations and

doses they would produce and deliver by the end of next year. and here the biggest one always from india, and we know it's got the production capacity. it promised 5000000000. now you put that against the 7000000000 people on the planet. and it's a major step forward. yeah. now and then the credit for that promised to be to cure it. there seems to be a lot of pee this evening, but for that to be realized, i have to deliver certain financial support. and me for this promise, this before the for a year ago, we heard them 2 years ago and made this promises still remain when they are promised this. well, i'm sure things on that tom i, a year ago, we had some countries said japan, for example,

didn't have doses promise dollars to colfax, but even a fall that got the dollars. there were no doses to buy anywhere. there was a global shortage. now we have a global sir plus come in the rich g 7 countries of the vaccines that everybody wants, the 5 years in the journals and even know that now being approved. so we have the supply, it's simply a way of getting them to other countries that need them and then going the last mile because there's a vaccine hesitancy, a very poor health infrastructure to deliver them in so many places, afghanistan, 80, and so on. but by the end of next year, i think we can do it and hit the 70 percent target. now don't end up in making like

a rather bile or let's say i'm a logically motivated question, but i don't mean i don't mean it. but we know very well that many developed countries, including canada right away for that diagnosis of faxes you. now you say that there is an over supply now, but if i'm not mistaken, canada has contracts with times as many doses as it passed people, while many countries in africa, vaccinate, administer, and single shot to, to that people sh, easy readiness to share. really go through from the bottom of the car, from the genuine care for the people are simply from your own needs being fully satisfied and now you have to deal with the over supply. this seems and of course if you don't need them, why, why can't you share them with those who need them? yeah, good question. canada, i like many countries of a,

not the russian federation could not produce vaccines of its own. so it had to all buy them from other countries. and at the beginning you didn't know which ones would actually work. so by the canadian government bought foreign times is fe, hoping tom or one of them would work or to would work and they'd get 50 percent of each of the deliveries. so on time, the big problem we now face is that common countries, whichever surplus are saying no, we want to do a 3rd dose to our most vulnerable people. so we don't have any to spare on the whole candidate is not on there yet. but we shall have to make sure that the delta plus variant doesn't spread from the united kingdom, which is being ravaged by it into other countries. so like canada and the

united states. so it's not a sure bad. but on the whole a, it is something we can do. one broader point behind all of this is a, my group monitors the compliance of all g 20 members with their commitments. they made a thorough last summer. the last one was in riyadh, saudi arabia, november 2020 by the big commitments. so were on precisely this. and what we have found a year later on the, even the rome summit countries comply unprecedentedly high level 85 percent. so finally, the g 20 summit are making the commitments that really count promises made,

promises count and i'm optimistic that because that great shock of cold it is still with us. i think we'll get high compliance with the wrong commitments on cobra 2. and i wonder if none of the apps side, so they are very tragic situation. is that, wow, this whole pandemic clearly magnified some of the long existing inequality in the world. i think it also sorta provided additional agency and energy for those who are on the shore and all the sort of the stick. and by that i mean that many of the african countries have been waiting and waiting on the developer role to deliver those promise vaccines. some of them are now developing those vaccines on their own. we see more and more trade on the local level. people are finding, you know, that calling in very, very unusual places. so i wonder if you know,

if one of the seller linings, or the current when damage is that the disadvantage are becoming less dependent on the privilege, at least when it comes to the level of nation states. i think that's great insight . and here we have to go to one of the most successful at gee, 20 summits that was in st. petersburg in september 2013. we're the 1st time q 20 leaders promise not a strong, sustainable and balanced growth, but inclusive growth growth for everyone. but they were in many ways, some just words until the coven epidemic pandemic made it very a real. so an early stage, we did see some countries donating vaccines. are russia to its neighbors, china, to and finally of the united states in big volume as well. but now

we're already seeing the rich countries of the g 20 actually provide practical support for domestic manufacturing in different countries in africa and further were commitments were made at rome summit. that's one of the reasons i'm optimistic because by the time we get to the end of next year, it won't be just importing them from india. it will be making them out within south africa, and it can send it to it african neighbors as well. now that brings me back to the question i posed in the very beginning of our conversation, whether people, planet prosperity is just a nice combination, of course, or whether one can realistically count on protecting the planet by also delivering

all as people. not just to 65 or 64 percent that beside the 20 countries, but all of its people into prosperity while dealing with stealing rapidly. mutating virus with falling incomes are rising. budget deficits are all the other problems that need to be able to find even realistic. i understand that fraction of this moment, but do you think it's supported by data that could be done? ah, i'm optimistic about what rome can do if we turn to prosperity. for example, one of the brig breakthroughs was an agreement by the better off countries of the g $22.00 channel to give their share of 2 thirds of a trillion dollars just created at the international monetary fund. that's about

$350000000000.00. and give some of it to the poorest countries in the world, the poorest again, we go back to working for the bottom, one percent of the global community and not just the top one percent. and that the g 20 summit to we saw several countries step up and made that real a. canada was one of them. others on to. but um, china has also, even though it still says it's a developing country, head of the g $77.00 plus a china. it too is just said that it would channel some of its new sd ours. they're called but it's so real bunny to the poorest countries in the world isn't enough. uh huh. no, they have to do more on debt relief on before the poorest. but some signs

they, i know it actually a will do more than if that summit had never taken place. and another one, if i could just and prosperity here. they finally introduced a revolutionary new tax regime. so the richest multinational companies in the world will finally have to start to pay taxes to the governments of the countries in which they make their money. and those are poor trees, as well as ah, rich ones. dr. great, and we have to take a very short break right now, but it will be back to the discussion in just a few moments here. ah, ah.

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what was the director of the planet research group? before the break, we talked a lot about that people we touched on the on the 2nd p o chris barrington. now let's talk about this 3rd key, which is the plan. now i come from a country who leadership i think is developing a strong mistrust. a scientific expertise, especially when it comes to climate change. i think no reason climate change but climate policy. i think that would be more precise. and i think many people in moscow see this latest attitude crisis as a prime example of how expensive and realistic could be. well, why substitute ideology, even a green ideology or so it analysis. i would like to ask you as, as a had of

a major research group, do you think some of those about skepticism it's valid for when i look at on the screen and is approach on into the room, some of the end of the glasgow summit on climate change. i don't see any ology. i see that he like me now understands that there's only one real existential threat to all living things on the planet. you know, and both of us grew up, but it was nuclear war. now it is a climate change. so what i would focus on is his recognition of that scientific reality. and we do have to remember that russia still has in many fields. so the best scientists in the world.

and when it comes to any of the 20 countries down that something is happening, it's not, as i said about climate change, but rather what to do about it. what is the best, the most efficient, the most um, you know, efficient, as i said, way of dealing with specifically whether it's with transition to the renewables is advisable or even safe. at this point of time, i bring it back to the current energy crisis, which was a in par, drawn by the, by the low wind generation in the u. k. that certain political decisions made in europe about gas and oil. do you think they call for amy caution, or should we still go full speed to hack, into substituting fossil fuels with renewables as soon as possible?

oh yes we should and you're quite right tom, but now that mr. trump is gone, we have no climate deniers at the table, but some wonder about what mister ball scenario. brazil still believes in his heart and soul and whether he believes in it, enough to in countries still depend on cola south africa. whether we have to move into renewables on the fast and on our renewables where we get the power. i think what we have to do, and we're starting to see it is gone beyond the traditional alma wind. and i'm a solar. after all, are russia like it is a cold, dark country? but we also have some of the longest coast lines in the world. so that means not

only offshore wind, but wave power. title power, totally unpredictable. and many other forms of renewables are to including nuclear power, which i think we have to traditional energy source. let's say some people in the western will consider it as a, as a clean energy source. ah, nuclear yes. germany and japan with their very distinctive history. going all the way back to the 2nd world war. but here are the french are right, or the arithmetic says, we've got to keep the existing nuclear plants on, we have until they and reach the end of their a lifetime. we just can't afford to shut them off. well, you just said a moment ago that we shouldn't just exclusively focus on the solar and we can keep it. or they have for a moment because if we can do the whole production chain from,

you know, i rare materials, you know, producing accumulators to that recycling everything that is land. it's a pretty energy intensive and dirty process at this point of time and many developed countries preferred outsource that production on to the other part of the world. don't you think it's slightly hypercritical to that point about saving the planet? and so sort of outsource the dirtiest part of it onto your neighbors. i do, but one of the good things about the next generation of our renewables is almost all g 20 countries, a sea coast. all can do geothermal power in the form of heat pumps stored on hydro and many other things. so that's the next to renewables or revolution we need. but on the bigger point of us sending dirty

industries abroad, that's clearly why it's an old problem. we need a single set of rules, and in north america, canada facial the problem. we have a single national price on carbon or friends in the united states don't. so will the dirty industries move there and then pump their products into canada because we have a free trade agreement with them. and russia, of course, faces the problem even without a free trade agreement with the european union, with a single national price on carbon. so we do need to get a hold of this problem. and if you 20, starting to before we have a big trade war, you may need some common rules here. i wonder if we can, you know, agree on those rules. because even if you look at the latest, i'm at in rome, russia, china,

and i think one of the reasons they were asking was because they simply don't agree with the way western power stance. you know many, if you a, the climate change issue, that's my personal opinion. i but i'm entitled to, and 2nd law, if you look at, for example, and joe biden, you know, and i mean, wrong with and what are kate of high mission cars numbering? i think 85 we goes or boys johnston taking at private dad to get from london to glasgow while also fuming about the environmental impact of commercial aviation and why, what have you. i mean that, that kind of looks like, you know, this is a subject to, you know, 3 spent not necessarily to practice. well, i blame my, you know, on mosque for not getting transit and buying an electric kessler. i knew about it. and then biden is

a pretty experienced statesman and he can, if he cares about the class, he could have tied up his entourage a little bit here. maybe, you know, from if i cars maybe to, let's say 30 that would save the planets. i'm environmental impact, would it not? i don't think the difference between 60 cars is going to be consequential. and i think the on the image, the president tessa said from his are real policies. i gave a real substance to his claim for environmental leadership. the united states is, i mean by really little substance uses 85 high mission cars and you say he talks about they need to present the planet. sure. he's starting south. i mean, americans have this expression in boss, stop here, some key chain back. you know, he's on behavior. ah, cutting a u. s. emissions by 52 percent. by 2030,

and net 0 by 2050. if only the other on a traditional superpower would accept those numbers on the world would be a much better off because they are in the top tier of climate polluters. so the real problem doesn't lie in the white house in washington, if a law lives in the congress where a lot of the republicans on, inspired still by donald trump, are seeking to destroy him. because they're a great guru. donald trump really still doesn't believe in climate change. so i think all of the other members of the g. 20, you know, russia, the china, we have a common problem inside the congress of the united states. you mention then another big arctic power. i assume it's russia and you know that the recent position on

climate change is that we definitely should be dealing with in, by improving energy efficiency and developing more sustainable sources of energy including nuclear power, including hydro power, including natural gas, is a way to go and russian says that a absorption capacity, huge absorption capacity. now this idea in forest also should be taken into account . do you think that this claim is justified per decade? i think one of the great problems in the global governance for climate change is everybody has focused on the sources of emissions up, you know, energy and forgotten about the power of the sinks that absorb them that shut on down. so finally on the you're quite right. we have seen the world talk to for

a super powers. that's the russian federation in canada. get their partners along with help from other friends, including the united states. i to agree. they now stood at glasgow just the other day to stop deforestation 9 years from now. so those trees can continue to absorb massive amounts of greenhouse gas emissions at rome that she 20. they finally agreed to plant a tree and fries to start to replace all those we've all lost. now there's more that the 2 countries could do. canada and rush, we are the world's talk to superpower is not only in forest, but in p lands. and paint lands absorb much more carbon than even

our forest still. so i'm waiting for that g 20. i didn't that wrong. but maybe at glasgow, the un. well, to discover the power of our plans and save them to wow, let's see how to go safe with be very interesting. your fresh and kind of that with each other. i suppose. do something like that, but also for the benefit of the planet and its people with music or do we have to leave it there. but thank you very much for being with us today. always a pleasure and thank you for watching hope this year again that speak with

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the iraqi prime minister survives a drone bombing on his residence, which the interior ministry describes as a terrorist attack. the reported assassination attempt comes after brutal riots and baghdad over last month's contested election. also in this week's top stories, a whistleblower report in the british medical journal points to serious flaws in the testing of pfizer scope of vaccine. although so far us authorities have been reluctant to investigate them and caught canada's top court backs a comedian who made a series of controversial jokes about a disabled singer stating that it didn't amount to discrimination. we put the issue up for debate the must be a stall between hate.