all, and we were happy that this was a real alternative. so what this has turned into is very unfortunate for us because it was a harm reduction that has now turned into this unknown. so we can't, in good conscience say that it's okay to use just nicotine replacement products because we don't even know if those are safe. the theory is that the unregulated t h. c. mixed products are likely the biggest culprit, but we have patients who claim they have not done those and are still sick. so i don't think we have the full answer as to what's going on and some people think it's the flavor and some people think it's the oil that it's mixed in, that the long biopsies have given us different results for different patients. so we don't have a clear, consistent answer from that either. so until we know better, i can't say that it's a harm reduction for the non specialist inflammation in the lungs of every patients is easily spotted on x rays and c t scans. you can see that there is

a breathing tube here in the right. and here the lungs should be nice and black like this up here. and i can see by looking at this that the lungs are not filled with air, which is what they should be sent. they're filled with dense material that should not be there. this is a cat scan. we start at the top of the cat scans, this looks very much like normal lung starting at the top. and as we come down with the cat scan, we can see it more and more patches of white areas. both sides of his lungs are involved. both areas are getting wider and wider as we go down, making it very hard for oxygen to diffuse across these sick areas of lungs should never see the brown kill tree come out like this. none of it is good for our lungs . we know that in all of these products, patients, lungs are fighting to decrease the inflammatory response fighting to clear what they're, what they're taking in. so the only thing that really your lungs are supposed to take in an as healthy for your lungs as fresh air. as you said, everything house is

a problem and causes line to see is everything. so these are the poles. after safety on sunday, i've already taken about 20 poles this morning at 830 and 9 am. i have to take 2 more at lunch time and then about 10 more at 9 p. m. like my old healthy body is now dependent on all these polls to even stay alive and be able to breathe. so that's like one of the main points. so kind of messes with me. a lot of my head for daniel's mother, tommy, i'm in the new situation. means constant pill counting. she's glad her son survived

at all. since the incident, his immune system is practically non existent. it causes anxiety just to make sure that he's own. he's taking his meds when he should keep, to keep bang and you know anti rejection. there's anti fungal, antiviral, blood pressure, medicine, lots of things. like every kid at school, i feel like most of them have tried or are still addicted. his twin brother is still addicted. so it's really sad when you say that he watched him go through everything in and it's still addicted to nicotine into fabbing. daniel had tried a variety,

eager at products together with his friends. according to him, getting hold of them was no challenge. it's pretty easy for people to get them especially around here. basically any fe, shop or anything like they dont card and they don't really care how old you are. as long as you look like old enough, then they don't really care. so what's happening now that they've been around for a few years, we're beginning to find evidence in the population that people easy. cigarettes have more heart attacks, they have more strokes, they have more one disease. and, you know, every year as we learn more, the risks get higher. and you know, i think we're not quite there yet, but in the end i think we're gonna realize isha garage sure about is dangerous a cigarette shock. professor sean tang works at the new york institute of

environmental medicine. he and his team are studying the effects on mice of east cigarette vapor animals that inhaled the vapor for 12 weeks showed damage to the dna of the lung and heart. but what happens if the mice in hail, east cigarette vapor for an entire year? the researchers have also investigated this question a nexus with the days that way expose a mice for long period of time because cancer can usually take a couple of decades to develop like a tobacco smoke carpet that ticket that they were. so your mouse a term with they had leather weapon for one year, fisher almost ah, one 3rd of their lifespan. so 20 years or so. he human term. so would attempts as smoke at their weapon fall a year, 54 weeks,

and then will open up. when the science is looked at the animals organs, 9 out of the 40 mice had developed a lunch humor. the scientists also found evidence of the possible development of blood cancer. the nicotine from the e cigarettes had converted into carcinogenic substances in much the same way as in the burning of tobacco, is a long tumor. alarming finding. nicotine appears far from harmless to health, as is claimed, nor does nicotine vaporize zation appear to protect against nitrous amine formations in the body. from our data as radiates, shawny, suppose that nicotine is carcinogenic in mice and red potentia in humans because they're mechanism, they make it a casa tumor is a go through, then i just come in and i chose our me has been proven. yes, a animal carcinogen. as well as human customer,

despite the vibrant advertising campaigns and the cutting edge design of the devices, e cigarettes may not be as harmless as the manufacturers suggest. what we found this, that if a, with smoke tobacco similar among the but nicotine compare that is sugar it, the deer are dark d n a damage you will observe. very similar. and the effect on the dna repair are very similar. and the inhibitor proteins are very similar. so that's right. i think it there we have to be very, very careful to make that recommendation ah mission. delores park in san francisco on a spring day in 2019 it's the place to meet for young people. in particular on the weekend. smoking is actually forbidden in the park,

as is sleeping or smoking marijuana. instead of handing out citations, the part god prefers to explain this in a friendly manner. the jew e cigarettes is particularly popular in the usa. what's so special about this brand? oh, a small and it's easy to work and it's easy to figure out how he is and they sell them everywhere. so it's very available with i know that it kills me, but it also does to some extent provide some level of satisfaction. jewel is also an e cigarette. the liquids used in jewel devices contain nicotine. so this sets them apart. jewel uses purchase the liquids in pre filled pots that are inserted in the mouthpiece. ah,

it's 2018 tobacco giant altria. the parents company of philip morris usa invested heavily in jewel. altria, now owns 35 percent of the brand industry observers on surprise with it's modern design, jewel is very much a cool brand. it's also extremely easy to use, all of which is highly appealing for consumers. but what makes the nicotine sol so effective? according to the patent application from the inventive jewel, the nicotine souls ensure that the nicotine reaches both physical and psychological reward pathways up to 3 times more rapidly than with conventional nicotine. what does this mean exactly? what jewel figured out is by using a nicotine salt and putting bench joy like acid in the liquid to, to make the liquid more acidic,

they can deliver much higher doses of nicotine and have people actually be able to inhale them, which makes the product much more dip tech, and that's why when you, when you talked to kids they, they get addicted to the same. it's very, very quickly. we're out here, it's hot and we're doing a jewel hot box with oh, are the past 2 and a half years russia. nato agreed on very little. if anything, however, both agreed to meet for a high level midi and they did in brussels. both sides made their case, nothing was really resolved lots of words. what happens next?

maybe action july, an annual festival in st. petersburg dedicated to dust i epsky. ah, the great writer, thinker and psychologist, people often turn to his wealth to understand russia and russians. perhaps even themselves, they put a single note here to see what they think about the matter vehicle of quality, meaning that changing a rita, transforming them as they read that does di estes, unique ability to stay ascii wants to tell us you can better yourself. he makes you face your true self for you. we keep man beyond conventions, rules of schemes, beyond boundaries and time. dostoevsky is a global brand whose classics, as everyone knows, i'm never out of style with

so called it has interrogation techniques, is by the u. s. officials were basically designed as techniques to break down the human mind. if you force a human being to stay in a certain position doesn't take very long to the pain involved to become absolutely excruciating. but nobody clean finger on you. you are doing it to yourself. we started adopting those techniques when i was station in mosul among them worse press position, sleep deprivation. inducing hypothermia. there's all the beginning to be evidence that these old techniques are now being used on immigrants and children, whatever you do in war comes home. nobody has been held accountable for the torture that happened in the past. the moral authority,

the made america award letter sacrifice for the shimmer of effective interrogation . ah, we embraced lee, of course. so the un, sorry, did the united states talking about shaman rice talking about press freedom. if you gonna talk the tool, you gotta walk the walk. in other words you've got to be consistent. you can start over on the one hand we believe in press freedom, but on the other hand, we're going to exclude julia massage. and i think that hypocrisy of the united states is tracy's. really, mike's a little bit really mad about the, the caching turning here in australia where people just don't understand them. ronald wanted to start him since these religions down with with

mental hardy is spending the 2019 summer semester in the us. the 21 year old from niece is studying marketing and management of the university of kansas camel has been manels usual cigarettes of choice since she began smoking at the age of 13. since she's been here, she's also a jewel user. ah, frederick, we're sure i was, does he not from her sequence with me as when we got severe liter her with mr. david hyde? it's me. so he appeared good because went up. he says it will, herbert georgia to see what the reversible major fear of which was he said to come in later submitted his mir alba welcomed me. he would you say the fee. so for a while, jewel capsule sold in europe can contain

a maximum of 20 milligrams nicotine per millimeter. the pods over the atlantic can contain up to $59.00 milligrams per millimeter. that's because in the u. s, there is no legally prescribed limit for nicotine european limit. values for the nicotine content of e cigarettes are one aspect of the e u tobacco products directive. but what protections of the nicotine limits of the tobacco directive actually provide? ah insist $1009.00 t jewel launched a technically modified version of its liquid pods in europe for the older jewel pods contain the maximum amount permitted in europe of 20 milligrams of nicotine per milliliter. the new pods have cut nicotine levels to 18 milligrams per milliliter. ah, why would a tobacco company voluntarily reduce the amount of lickety, according to a recent study from the german federal institute for risk assessment and the

tobacco laboratory in sig mother? and the jewel pod sold in germany now come with a new kind of wick. ah ah, it shows the which in the old version picture see shows the wic in the jewel pod sold on the american market. the picture in the middle shows the wic in the modified version as the image shows, it is significantly larger. what effect does this have? according to the study, the old version of the european jewel pods released an average of just over 20 micrograms with each pass. the modified jewel thought reduces around 3 times the amount of nicotine averaging over 60 micrograms,

almost as much as the amount of nicotine delivered by the liquids in american jewel devices with the technical slate of hand. the company has succeeded in increasing the quantity of vaporized liquid list, releases more nicotine in turn, the user inhales. although they will not be aware of this fact. this means that still decades later nicotine manipulation continues to play a major role in the industry. from phil to gate to which gate one, the filter is to tobacco cigarettes the which is to the jewel e cigarettes. ah. the tobacco industry seems to keep finding ways to stretch consumer protection laws to their limits. l for forties and politics have for a long time tried to put obstacles in their way in 2003, the member states of the world health assembly adopted the w h. o framework convention on tobacco control, france,

germany and the european union. but also among the signatories, the 181 countries that ratified the treaty undertook to take the following measures . among others, a comprehensive band on tobacco advertising limits on lobbying, a ban on sales of tobacco products to young people. launch warnings on packaging. a ban on descriptions such as mild or light and smoking bans in public spaces. the treaty came into force in 2005. was it to kill? who sold? it goes, measure the concert. you know, such as are mod, do bought to mozambie the dreaded to some politicians. the fight against the tobacco industry has been the key policy objective, the loaded in france. then president chirac even declared a war on tobacco and not without success. the french had always known chirac as a passionate smoker. 2 years after his declaration of war on the tobacco industry,

the number of cigarettes sold in france plummeted from over 80000000000 to under 55000000000. barack obama, a smoker himself, also led by example. a few years after she actually rock, he signed a new anti smoking law ain't primarily at protecting children from the harmful effects of smoking. each day. $1000.00 young people under the age of 18 become new regular daily smokers. and almost 90 percent of all smokers began at or before their 18th birthday. i know i was one of these teenagers and so i know how difficult to convey to break of this habit. one has been with you for a long time. year of the year, policy makers are making it harder for the tobacco industry to get their products on to the market. today, it's clear to everyone smoking is lethal. for the tobacco industry. on the other hand, every dead smoker represents a financial loss. what they need is new consumers. ah,

it's fashion we kimberly marina who msd is she? oh, latest creations. ah, a question shows such as this costs up to $150000.00 euros per month. zeta counts as a star amongst the young designers of berlin. wants to present her designs to a wider audience. she needs the help of sponsors. ah, turns ons in to someone else. a said was it was that it gets to shaman m. it's been fantastic. div is really no papa has. the password is you can mark the native of vienna also seems to appreciate her partnership with i course as a sponsor, the company provides financial support to the designer in return,

the i cost is prominently displayed on the logo. i course is the new innovation from phillip morris ah for decades, the tobacco industry has cultivated inch by sponsoring events in the areas of art and culture. oh, as far back as the 19 seventy's, philip morris was investing in jim culture in the form of major art exhibitions. ah, seeing that these are all cinnamon vall, philip morris, what are might indulge from not e, annoy? phillip morris. so it has been as tight. i guess, as just as the voice of all dutch land fight us guns on us in mentioned a shot bull with the dots on so on. i stand is

a fairly good discussion on the to got it begun most the money. heck, there's a team and been fun and it's got it shown on the forbidden mit consult. quick tour on the plan for less to get on it last father for been a fun arch organizations, a fund women's organizations, they fund sporting groups, power, titian's political party, scientists, anybody who will take their money as a way to try to embed themselves in the culture and they always say, oh, we're just doing it because we're a good citizen. by sponsoring shows such as this, phillip morris composition, it's, i cost innovation as a part of the fashion world far from the deadly world of cigarettes addiction. previously the task of art exhibitions. it's now hip fashion designers who give

a positive spin on products from the very same tobacco industry. it can be, i'm, i'm fine. thank you very listen of is in. it's been a getting, ha, ha, ha, yes, been compiling event amendment at the interesting math, the backend of m l. i am in the title stylish. the message is using an i cost is completely normal. after a 1st try, use as quickly acquire a taste for the product. with special about in will e cigarettes work by vaporizing liquids? i cos uses a compressed form of to back up the so called to back up sticks. i inserted into the top of the device. these devices do not actually burn the tobacco, but you sophisticated electronics to heat it up. that's why they're known as tobacco heaters. when use, there is no smoke vapor. there's always,

phillip morris is the market leader among the tobacco giants. they cinemas, with the legendary mound, bro brown were rich and well the old marble. and today's, because it gives of paper not smoke, it might seem help you at 1st glance, but it also contains nicotine and nicotine is addictive. prefer the eas martinez, president of the national committee against tobacco addiction needs no further convincing logic teeth than i did. he did, tba said deferral sought could his use as she has addict. i'll any good tin in opa can sought de la d. sean, any good dean in all love love by holdeski d. c. she lives in the other sati of de la dixie oil. any contin, biskin bass, see measure vit, to match the other ladies on any good in artificial qua could you've are had really it is with already in the 19 sixty's the tobacco industry was working on an

alternative to the tobacco cigarettes i hope was to prevent smokers, from quitting, despite growing awareness of the risk to health, even then the industry envisaged a vapor based cigarette. however, country to expectations, the filter cigarette continued to sell. the marketing strategies took effect and the project was discontinued. it's clear to day that the vapor cigarette was simply ahead of its time. ah. 2 the fly, you have a jigsaw puzzle where you know, quite have all the pieces in some of the pieces you have are distorted, but can you put it together enough to see what the picture is showing you? anesthesia garage are making the tobacco epidemic worse?

ah yes me oh oh with the new will i lisa typical, there's only 9 but already a diversity students that away on slash

a new model wouldn't let me see emily up here i think was restored to deal with the video and i am mobile able to go with us. so the loss of is my biggest number. if you could tell him that he may go legos, he will show control study programs. now brochure, nebraska, of course the level you're special, but i will the yeah my but i just have a book with the 3rd the boy that was to get up to him was in your mind it was i'm the leader with soon lose with, with his teacher was reason because my lease a good. 6 mm

ah well oh oh oh oh, a ah with it really is happening here in al zante, l salvador. turned to be known globally as the home of big coin city and were witnessing the demise of gold as a monetary. d monetization takes place while

our officers are facing increasingly dangerous environments, we are seeing a growing debate about so called warrior cops. the term that i've heard in the militarization of police. this is an app vehicle we acquired through the 1033 program and very free program with the government program that follows military property that is no longer use to local law enforcement with building an army over here. and i can't believe people. i see 1st thing an agency on a feeling that ahead. you have to deal with our practice. who are you putting in uniform? cook beds is a powerful thing. is from time is like money in play tricks and people mind they think they go bad. no is wolf is out the door. very bad. johns are coming. good news. you have job. security is a world desperately need, but you have to do with

ah, the west went too far. let's be frank in violation of all international obligations and common sense. they chose to escalate this situation. russia's foreign minister doesn't hold back during his annual press conference with nato expansion dominating thought. the gala rav once again outline moscow spread lines. the cia has reportedly been training elite, ukrainian special operations teams on us territory, amid mounting sanctions with russia and joe biden fell on voting rights is effectively blocked by his own party. thus, the day after the american supreme court struck down, the president likes the mandate of businesses. those here headlines, it's 6, they have moscow time on pizza scott's and i'll be back with.