ah ah ah, my name is how huge my grandma could thomas. yeah. on the banjo. did you mind your mouth, missy? i remember. mm hm. oh shoot bench and put you on a bench, a little woman,

poor woman kid in the future with no one in the pipe out on numbers in the plate. if i saw a room in the doorway, and you can understand, you know, says history, understanding the role that slavery plate was already a very prominent institution. by the time united states became a nation, it actually defined the nation. slavery didn't just end and go away. we, as a country, were formed out of a compromise with slavery. the southern colonies were not willing to be part of a union part of national government. in last,

the institution of slavery was protected and the price of protecting that institution was disproportionate power to the south, politically. and it carries through today. and we possibly could have lightened some of the consequences of slavery if there had not been such a concerted effort to maintain the differences between blacks and whites is kind of like an infection. i think, you know, it may go away, but it always bubbles back up to the top eventually. i think that's what's happening. maley, the mayor may and we, so all of it was all angry because of what's going on right now. why does nothing ever change here?

why does this keep happening over and over again? i was born in greensboro, north carolina, into a privileged world where the idea of white supremacy was rarely questioned. as a child, the only black people i ever interacted with in a meaningful way where the people who worked for us. i felt a huge amount of sadness as a kid, seeing how they and other african americans were treated in the south. i didn't understand it. i knew something was deeply wrong, but it was not ok to talk about it. the sorrow, anger, and lingering questions about the racist south of my childhood shadowed me into adulthood. to my surprise, i discovered that my own uncomfortable journey to talk about this was connected to

an untold hidden history of our nation. ah, the trans atlantic slave trade took off in the early 18th century and produced huge profits. one of the reasons why the honestly to such an advanced country is because, oh, not only slavery, but the slave trade. we know that slavery was financed from places like new york, rhode island, new port in boston. one of the reasons wall street was created in the 1st place was to finance the slave industry. everything from buying slade to even mortgaging them

. what you see is not only the building of more ships which employs workers, you're thing, the building of insurance companies, because africans are revolting and you need to have insurance policies. you see the construction of banking because these void does have to be financed. and therein you begin to see the seeds, the cult of it advanced economics of them. and the rise of capitalism was clearly on the backs of slavery, slaved african it was astonishing to me that many of the 1st africans in the american colonies weren't slaves but indentured servants. for a while poor black and white worked alongside each other. the connection between

europeans and africa was actually quite robust. lot of marriages formerly, informally, lot of children formerly upon the probably much greater integration between people of african descent and european descent. and we have today indentured whites and blacks worked for their so called masters for 5 to 7 years. africans went from indentured servitude to enslavement. gradually one person, one law and one colony at a time started with a dispossession of native americans. so the concept that they didn't actually have title to the land or deserve the land because they weren't christians. so all of us law around land and the accumulation of land by the english and french and spanish was based upon that. europeans fell completely comfortable going into africa and enslaving people who are also heathens, non christians,

and bringing them to the new world to south and central and north america. and so, slavery was justified by this. it allowed the conquerors to fill righteous that they were in fact, doing favors to whoever they encountered. it was all re defined as a benevolent process to most people's mind. america means quite a country was founded by 2 groups, angels and saxons, christian protestant, english speaking. all these things could bound up together. just being christian was not distinction enough to separate who was entitled to civil rights and respect and resources. so christianity became divided into white christians, really white male christians than everybody else. there was a racial supremacy and a religious supremacy intertwine. yet

1000 black and white virginians rose up together in rebellion against rich planters . in 1676. the rebels wanted more wealth and power in the new america. nathaniel bacon led the uprising bacon regarding the spot, the political movement. i'm economic movement. it was people demanding democracy, a chance to participate and running the colony between a colony and demanding land. there were these people coming together more along class lines than race lines. and even though the colonial government was eventually successful, think that really scared them the lead decided to split those groups and start creating whiteness and the colonies and part of their charge. paul,

the man was to be drafted into the slay patrol to manage the slays for the elite. and they always had this role of allegiance to the elite and managing those underneath for the elite. this notion of divide and conquer to keep poor whites always knowing that they were not at the bottom. no muradi grated, you may be, is a white. you are white. and there's one group below you. this very simple enough. but it was a very recur me, virginia, where my ancestors originally settled, was the 1st colony to pass harsher slave laws that legally sealed this new alliance between rich planters and poor white. the 1st kind of white privilege that we see in this country is what was given to indentured servants,

as they were creed up to have some land to have the ability to be in the militia, in the slave patrols together cloth and tools and other things. when they were released, they just still didn't have economic power, but they had benefits as white people. and at the same time, in slave africans had nothing. they had no rights, no property, nothing in their name at all. ah, growing up, i knew both sides of my family and slaves, but there was never much of a conversation about it. our family history haunted me enough to make this film. my most famous ancestor was a guy named edmund pendleton, who was a judge planter and slave owner. pendleton was my uncle, 6 times removed. i had known a bit about pendleton's life. but in my research for this film, i discovered more details than i ever bargain for. i pendleton was

tall, handsome. he was charming. he was a brilliant man. he was an arch conservative. what we would today call right way extremist. he went from being an arch conservative to being a spokesman for the revolution. ah, pendleton became the 1st acting governor of the virginia colony. and i was proud to learn that he played a major role in helping to establish the new nation pendleton drafts, the virginia resolution for independence. and that says that the delegation be instructed to propose to declare the united colonies free and independent states.

absolved from all allegiance, or dependent upon the crown or parliament of great britain. he wrote all those words which were then given to a pony express rider who carried them to philadelphia. when they got to philadelphia. they said, virginia says independence and all the other colonies fell into place. but i was really disturbed to learn that pendleton was also asked to write controversial line in the virginia declaration of rights, words that would institutionalize white supremacy and reverberate throughout us history. i have written a little bit about virginia, founder edmond pendleton, and there's not a lot of people that know very much about advent pendleton and frances as related to edmund. as i understand the history, they said wait a minute, we can't have these principles of liberty applying to slaves. and so he comes up

with the line basically that signals. busy and kind of coded language to the other slave owners, that they're going to exclude the slaves from liberty that all men by nature are equally free and independent and have certain rights. and he came up with the line when they enter into a state of society, which everyone understood to mean that the slaves would be excluded. ah, denali know you, this is, he is a sphere. he will fast your foreign off the and, and, and i'm a del, aside already came home and you're back home. so i would like to envision that the does it also the universe if you live it is just like that. no one, the action return from the other side is the earth's

still large enough to satisfy the ambitions of jeff bezos. you know, it's got its tentacles in so many aspects of the economy. there's nothing that amazon isn't trying to get in to to step by step. the amazon empire has extended its group on the world that walks like ended up being quite like a dog gets a dog. so amazon looks like monopoly trades like a monopoly makes money like monopoly behaves like monopoly. amazon essentially controls the market place. it's not really a market is a private arena, a wild where a single company controls the distribution of all know daddy products. and the infrastructure of our economy is loose the world, according to amazon, join me every thursday on the alex salmon. sure. i'll be speaking the guess of the world politics. sport business. i'm sure business. i'll see you then.

ah. oh, slaves were even considered human. so how would they ever be accepted into civil society? but still, slavery was controversial. i wondered, did pendleton and the other founding fathers have a more pressing reason to break from great britain? london had moved in somerset case in 1772. to abolish slavery with an in one. there was a lot of fear and suspicion on this side of the atlantic that that particular decision would have legs. i was always taught the revolutionary war was about things like freedom and taxation without representation. so was independence from

great britain, really much more about preserving slavery. almost every founding father was the slave owner. slavery was an integral part, not just of the southern economy, but the entire northern economy. so it was just completely integrated into the thinking of the wealthy men that wrote the constitution. so the fact that the constitution is a perfect instrument is just bogus from the star. if you admit, and this is the only truth that you can arrive at that because it did not ban slavery and it left it in there and then left it as an open ended question. slavery is definitely one of the root causes of the current political malay that we have today. my uncle led virginia's ratification of the us constitution in $1788.00, which included the 3 5th compromise. slaves were counted as 3 fifths of

a voter. both slaves couldn't vote because the south had more slaves than the north . this gave the south one 3rd more congressional seats. and electoral vote for the next 73 years slaveholding interests would dominate the government until the outbreak of the civil war. not surprisingly, 5 of the 1st 7 u. s. president were from the south and were slave owners. the stories of i've done the service because you would think of their all these genteel men with whigs and bringing ideas were coming up with all of these project . some plans, yes, they get their hands dirty fighting the redcoats, but then his back to dreaming up the bill of rights and constitutions, a little brain ideas and without the sort of mock and the grime and the dirt and the blood that's being said to build this society never learned in

school that many more slaves and is commonly acknowledged, insisted the brutality, or tried to escape. others organized and rebelled against their treatment. a successful and bloody revolution led by slaves in nearby haiti established the 1st black land republic in the world. this revolt terrified american slave owners like my ancestors who feared flavor rebellion which spread to the us in the midst of this national nightmare. ringback there were white people who opposed slavery. ringback there was a growing unease that this might actually be wrong. that morally, it was hard to justify high northern states had started to either eliminate or gradually abolish slavery. what would our country look like today?

if the remaining 8 states had followed this path? but we didn't, instead we deepened our commitment to slavery with even harsher laws. one of the main architects of those laws was my uncle. edmund pendleton. international pressure in the successful revolution in haiti forced the u. s. congress to band the importation of new slaves. so what did southern slave owners do to maintain and grow their profits? they bred more and more slaves. if you travel in virginia today, i think of charles city, which is not the for for richman. you'll find evidences today of virginia. great breeding colony where you're breeding africans, like breeding county demand

for slaves exploded because of eli whitney. the invention of the cotton cotton became the most profitable commodity in the world. in this era, 1000000 out of the 2000000 slaves in the us were brutally separated from their families and forcibly marched to the deep south to plant and tick cotton. this sight blends into the city landscape of new orleans was one of the nation's busiest slave auction blocks. yet there was not even a plaque or a marker, acknowledging the suffering that took place here. it was and is a familiar white washing of history. the kind pedal to me in school books throughout my childhood. i feel haunted by the spirit of the slave who had been so

terrorized here. the frenzy for profits produced by cotton and the sale of slaves in the new states also increased the physical violence against them. more productivity came through extreme punishment with overseers even calculating how many lashes on the back of a slave might generate one more pound of cotton. his cruelty and the forced separation from their families led more slaves to try to escape the united supreme court. thanks in law, the fugitive slaves, but requires the country to hunt slaves no matter where they are. there's no provision for that in the constitution. so we had this extremely broad reading of the rights of slave owners, which basically says the state can deputize every citizen united states, the hon, down slavery by the slave state of the country is going to all this lead to protect

slavery. oh, you run by now, i was seeing deeply troubling pattern in our history, white people, whether they own slaves or not. clearly had a state making sure that the majority of blacks were maintain as slave. but by the mid 18 hundreds, networks, like the underground railroad, were helping thousands of slaves. fleet to canada and the non slave us states. the immense pressure over slavery led to the start of the american civil war in 18. 61 hanging in the balance where the lives of 4000000 enslaved human beings, whose monetary value now exceeded that of all manufacturing and commercial enterprises combined. oh

the sharon slave speaks, had broken away from the us, forming the confederacy. ah, the american civil war was fought for for her were 6 years to save the union. when i was young, i heard stories about how bravely my ancestors fought and how much the family lost in the war with northern aggression. to when the war president, abraham lincoln issued his emancipation proclamation, in 1863, freeing southern slaves. so they could fight for the union only with the wars end,

where northern slaves finally fried ah, men and women and told you normally slaves, you're free, you can do whatever you want to do. there a moment where moment our history is, o l, i all you it all free. now, yank is all going home is called sometimes a day or jubilee. well, it was the little jubilee because everybody was uncertain. lex are uncertain. and they did say, how freeze for 8th 03 is re the idea that this 4000000 people were set free without any kind of reparation. they had worked their ancestors at work. they helped to build all of the institutions that we think about

in the south and in the north, before they're on before the revolution. and they got, they receive nothing. no, no, probably. oh, no, no, we didn't have not, no, you did wrong. the best you cool, white settlers for getting cheap land in the west. under the homestead act. understandably freed blacks wanted land in the south, where most of them still lived. but instead, the federal government abandoned the freed slaves and sold confiscated southern land to northern whites and the railroads. pressured by abolitionists. the federal government amended the constitution by passing the reconstruction amendments, which officially ended slavery, and gave us citizenship to ex slaves. the amendments were supposed to protect, freed slaves against future discrimination with 3040 to pick. and it was designed

to try to interrupt the institution of slavery, which requires a re articulation of the entire country and the entire country identity. now, just from the south, a booklet, the entire country revenue reconstruction more important than anything else. the black men, women to some extent. when black men learn the uses, a political power by 1870 black males could now vote and vote they did in record numbers. 3 blacks were even elected to the u. s. senate. not until 1967 was another black elected as a u. s. senator, with the white feared more than anything else. the reconstruction may succeed in my

succeeding reordering. so society waits in an intense hatred for blacks. one to get ahead. if successful black was a dangerous black and incompetent, illiterate black hose, though threat his labor was valuable. but the black had got out of his place. who was spar, anything above the place to which she had been assigned, that is the kind of black the whites could not tolerate with. so the country started in that road and, and they were nic and they decided to basically to create another expression of racial dominance. the southerners wanted to control these 4000000

people that had been free. they still needed them to do the work. they also needed them to understand and to know their place in this was something, matt, even northerners would come to understand and agree with that. the states we're really free to do whatever they want to do in terms of controlling this inferior people as they continue to see them. ah, ah exaggerated rhetoric, massive arm shipments and endless threats. this is how nato presents explanation of pan european security. meanwhile, moscow wait to the u. s. and its allies to respond to its demands and vision for the say. the status quo is untenable. your

channel, we see that the geography, the nutrition which on the nucleus you intend the sub boshoway she can. hi sharon, my name is rob lee with please vision him again. yes. that it's like why the some with she them holes allan and kelly ricardo called and i renewed my sasha. now you're sure that i was young, blonde didn't get to i learned that and refreshing the bathroom and i must be happy . i could. i'm of fact not enough that i'm looking for a family. he asked him to you me act he had to pay to put him on with the money that i can let. let miss

with a with did i, tough to months of the west, insisting that it's set to invade your craig tonight. nato secretary general makes a stunning. you turn admitting the military block out. there's no confidence whatsoever. that's any such russian aggression will happen at all. used to be a police ship if it depends on the russian federation, then there will be no war. we don't want any wars, but we will also not allow our interest to be rudely trampled on and ignored. and we did growing stand off with the west of ukraine. russia's top diplomat stress his boss.