dare to ask me, hulu . ah, selina, easy disaster. don't wake up. it's 2027 new 20 deserving of a new, and have also mentor. in 2027, sarah takes care of everything. mm. fully, pretty vision is just casual federally. and also go full account with daniel, the nissan t joke i'll say, between the filter when olympus was sarah, is a virtual assistant. who knows exactly what's best for you over to barker does crash in cities journey. even when she was able to ne citrusy, it's usually not potty what you thought. oh, janelle did that, did to swa,

which is obviously still new edition community stuff is everywhere. you go. artificial intelligence like sarah predicts your needs and does the work for you? ah, usually is it a little see. busy wish it was told you to do with, with all of these machines working for you, isn't wife wonderful in 2027. but let's not get carried away before sarah changes your life forever. there's another story to tell one with less special effects. this story takes place behind the scenes of those businesses who are working to invent our future for us. we started i for now it's hardly this wonderful

world where machines are working entirely for mankind. in fact, you can say is exactly the opposite. humans are involved in every step of the process when you're using anything online. but we're sold as this miracle of automation. google, facebook, amazon, goober, these digital giants are using a completely invisible workforce to keep their applications running. with technology, you can actually find them, pay them a tiny amount of money. um and then get rid of them when you don't need them anymore. a workforce that is disposable and underpaid. on a very good day, i can do $5.00 now. at a really bad day, i can do $0.10 now. i mean it, is it possible for you to pay less than the american minimum wage? i'm not sure i want to go in this direction in both millions of men and women are

training artificial intelligence for next to nothing others are being hired and hidden out of sight to clean up social networks. you must have been told everything that you cannot mention. it's why working for this site that we went under cover as one of these web cleaners working as a content moderator for facebook. with a few things that i saw, those things organized there with me because i remember them as it was yesterday to meet the workers hiding behind your screen or taking you to the factory of the future. that digital economy's best kept secret. ah, you know, it's just like a sausage factory. they don't want people to come in to see how this often does need. i mean, i think it's just that. mm.

to delve into the mysteries of artificial intelligence. we're heading to the west coast of the us. here in san francisco and the silicon valley, the world of tomorrow is being developed. it's the high tech hub of giants, like apple, facebook, youtube, hubert, netflix, and google. we have a meeting of figure 8, a business, specializing in artificial intelligence that primarily works with google, the founder lucas b wald. agreed to spend the morning with us. lucas. hello. hello guys. nice to meet you. thank you very much for your time, chris. i know you have a busy schedule. yes, thank you. at 38 years old,

this stanford graduate has already worked for the likes of microsoft and yahoo before founding his own company. once his microphone is on a quick tour of their startup style, california office space, these are our best gust and play with cool and relaxed move probably or worse, dress in play with the play. maybe. i think a pretty good. i don't know. maybe it kind of our area is actually where i like to work. my coffee got cold with and in the reception area and impressive display. these are some of our, some of our customers and the, the different things that they did with our, our products. here's twitter. we helped them remove

a lot of people that were kind of bullying on their website. you know, american express is that in france and yeah, you know, i feel especially proud of, you know, something like tesco right is able to, to use us to improve their, um, and website to show better search results. so people can find the items they're looking for and i don't see google chrome. no, i don't know what do you know how like, why some of these get appeal? we frankly just saw a, this is mr. brown had a p r o. after our visit, the founder explains the enigmatic name, figure 8, we call a company figure it because we think of it as a loop. and the loop really has these, these 2 parts, right? there's the humans that do the labeling. and then the machine learning that learns

from the humans, and then it goes back to the humans for more labeling, right? so we think of this kind of like beautiful loop, right? where humans do the best things that humans can do. and the algorithms, the artificial intelligence does the best things that the algorithms can do, and we put that together. and that's what we call it li. ah huh. you get a better understanding of why a, i need humans to function. we stopped joking around and get out the computer. so here's an example. you know, a lot of people these days are trying to build cars that automatically drive. like, for example, tesla has a system where you can drive around and a car, but of course it's incredibly important that these cars don't run into pedestrians . so the car camera just see something like this. so it's really important that

they build reliable systems that can identify people. and the way that they learned, identify people is looking at lots of pictures of what the cars seeing from the camera, and then actually literally labeling where the people are. here's a real example of how it works. if you want to teach a self driving car to recognize a pedestrian, a human like you or i, it 1st has to identify pedestrians from photos and then feed this information to the ai. and this process has to be done over a 1000, even a 1000000 times over, which can be very time consuming. this is where figure aid gets involved using real people who are paid to do this work. to the task here is to look at this picture. and, and label where the people are. and so you get paid for this,

you get paid to draw boxes around the people. how much. oh yeah, i'm not sure this task um, but you know, maybe would be like um maybe $0.10 per person that you draw box around. who do this job to have employees doing this jobs and labeling people? yes, it's contractors on our, in our network that log in and did these jobs, what do you mean by contractors on, on your network? what kind of people? so it's like people that log in to this and then and, and want to work on these tasks. how many people work for figure 8 in this capacity is as labor's. yeah. so again, it's people can kind of come and go if they want to. so there's maybe around 100000 people that kind of consistently work every day for, you know, for certain is cases that we have. but then there's also millions of people that log in from time to time and work on tasks. and where do those people live?

they live all over the world actually. so they live all over america and then they live all over the world. ah, so who are these millions of people who are being paid to train a i technology in order to meet these contractors as figure a caused them. we leave silicon valley and had 500 miles north of san francisco in oregon. ah, there we are. ha success here at mansfield signed up to figure 83 years ago, he now spent several hours a week working for them. every day the company offers a list of tasks that he can complete for money. for example, training search engines. her

for this 1st one is showing examples of how to do it. the query is mac and cheese progress and the 2 results are any is homegrown organic mac and cheese and andes really should or microwave will macaroni and cheese, which are neither of them approaches. so it's saying that one would be equally bad matches. what's the use of doing that? a lot of it, i think it is to train search, search algorithms. so like when someone said that a computer and types of products, the algorithm will be able to determine with more accuracy, what product it is that that person is looking for. for every 10 answers, jared earns less than one cent. to get an idea of how much money he can make, we leave them to work for 30 minutes. he's answered 180 questions over the

course of half an hour. how much in the earned $0.15 for how long a half hour. which when bill 30 cents the hour. yeah. which are pretty definitely not level a livable wage. that's for sure to they have the right to do this. i mean they have right to do whatever they want. i am the one coming to them, a for little tiny bits of, of coins on this website. and the, it's no way there's no contract between me and them. no contract, no salary, no guaranteed minimum wage. these ghost workers are paid to train software and robots using only one rule supply and demand with it definitely feels like i'm part of this invisible workforce. that is kind of made up of just random people

throughout the world. and i together were kind of a training what's going to replace the workforce as a whole. eventually jerrod is very philosophical about the idea. still he can afford to be to earn a real living. he has another job showing chicken in the supermarket for a little more than $1500.00 a month. figure 8 is just what he does on the side to earn a little extra cash. ah. with ah, is your media a reflection of reality?

in the world transformed what will make you feel safer? isolation, whole community. are you going the right way or are you being led somewhere? direct. what is true? what is faith? in the world corrupted, you need to descend so join us in the depths or remain in the shallows. after leaving oregon, we decided to take advantage of what we learned in america, and sign ourselves up to figure 8 to train artificial intelligence. on the sites

welcome page. small tasks are proposed at 12, or 12 sense. ah, we chose this as our 1st task, drawing boxes around objects in images. following the instructions. it took us several minutes to draw around 10 objects and earn $0.02 on the list of task. figure 8 also offers evaluations of search engine answers, jared's task of choice. we could also listen to conversations and confirm if the recording features a man or a woman's voice. and if they are speaking english. hi, it's june there please. we work for hours without ever earning more than $0.30 an hour. ah, it's difficult to imagine that there are people who work on these tasks on a full time basis for in maine on the east

coast of the united states, close to the canadian border. we've arranged to meet with one of the nets. ghost workers, the human side of the figure, 8 lou. her name is don carbone. she is 46 years old. oh, hello. oh. so much. well, you're welcome. you. well, i yes i oh, we had a blizzard not that long ago. and then we have and is also a big negative seminar. dawn as a single mother. she lives here with 3 of her children. this is what subsidized housing looks like up here. i mean, it's not bad for public kinds of she lives and

works here working on the figure 8 site all day. i'll turn it on. like i said, right before 7 o'clock and get the initial stuff done. i'll turn, i'll turn this off at 3 o'clock in the afternoon and then turn it back on at 9 o'clock at night. so i'll say 8 hours minimum. so at bus my like this would be the dashboard. and you could see i've done 6445 tasks since when 3 years see these different badges. you start off, you have no batch and you have to do so many questions and get so many right. and then you get your 1st level badge, and then when you get to level 3, you have access to virtually all the tasks that are put up. what is your level

level right now? i'm on 3 f in level 3. have been level 3 for quite a while. don is considered a high performing worker figure 8, therefore offer sure more work than a beginner, but it isn't necessarily more interesting. ah, i have to put banding locks around, people not really keen on the stone. the biggest problem is trying to find jobs that are viable and right now i don't have many years and it's definitely not better paid on a very good day. i could do $5.00 now a really bad day. i could do $0.10 now. i mean,

i mean i have had some really, really good days until february. yeah. do you think that this is a fair payment for sure. no, no, no, no, not at all. but i live in northern maine. we get a lot of snow it's. there's a very low job market and it healthy as a stay at home mom it it helps with that it income yeah. dont prefers to work from home because her youngest daughter jane has autism and don wants to be there to take care of her when she gets home from school at 3 pm. so how a school good day, a bad day. really

a good day, lou with her autism. i always have to be ready to jump my car, go get her from school. i mean, it could happen one day or the week or not at all or 3 days out of the week. and the school is very understandings. i mean, i have to take out the whole week if i was working out of the home done receive $750.00 in government aid every month, which isn't enough to cover all of her bills. this is why she signed up to figure 8 by working 8 hours a day and 5 days a week. she says she earns on average $250.00 a month on the site. on figure 8, the pay is non negotiable. if you refuse the work,

there will always be someone else to take it all. there is an unlimited supply of these ghost workers coming from all over the world. it's probably why lucas be walt is so happy. but he isn't the only one to take advantage of this phenomenon. various other businesses propose these sorts of repetitive and underpaid online tasks, the biggest amongst them being click worker and amazon mechanical turk, a platform provided by amazon and his boss, jeff bezos, who invented the concept in 2005. i think of it is micro work. micro working is a growing concerned for the i l. o, the international labor organization, a u. n. agency in charge of protecting worker's rights across the globe. hello, janet. this is on janine burke is the resident expert on this subject at the i l. l

who speaks to us through skype. with globalization, you can see emergency kind of a global labor force here. it's the next step is really the, the service industry that can break up. we're into kind of very short little 16 tasks. no dangled issue to workers all over the world to compete for jobs, do the jobs. and the price of the wages are very down because it is globally respite and the technology has, has facilities, etc, etc. the other, the main advantage. jeanine berg wrote a report calculating that micro workers earn on average $3.31 an hour without any rights in return. workers extreme vulnerability is the key to lucas b walls business model. after months of investigations,

we found this video from 2010 that sums up his view of the labor force before the internet. it'll be really difficult to find someone sitting down for 10 minutes and get them to work for you and then fire them after the 10 minutes. but when technology can actually find them, pay them the tiny amount of money, and then get rid of them when you don't need them anymore. well, we were interviewing him. we wanted to ask him if he still shared the same opinion . but when we start talking about work conditions, the figure 8 founder seemed to lose his sense of humor. do you have an idea that i will revenue per hour of your contributor? you know, i'm not sure it's totally dependent on the task that someone puts in. and it's hard to track time on the internet because people can walk away from their computer and come back. so i don't know how much people don't really make. there was

a report on i know seeing that on average the people working on crowdsourcing were bait 3.331 dollars an hour. would that be consistent with what you pay? i'm not sure. is it possible for you to pay less than the american minimum wage? is it can be possible. so this is legal. i am not sure you want to go in this direction. yeah. i think it's a different direction and i rather this was a i thing then. yeah, but this is the whole thing. i mean this is about crowdsourcing as well. so i have to ask questions on crowdsourcing. oh, because it was more i have them for more than a i conversation than a crowdsourcing conversation. now i don't know. i think we don't i don't really wanna. oh yeah, we can find someone else to other stuff. okay,

so it's not comfortable with this part of the nascar noun, if you're a, it is an important part of the conversation. i think that it is not the a i can say, ah, we don't have time to pull up the video lucas, be walt makes a hasty exit without saying good bye. and leaves us alone with his head a p. r. one last chance to ask how the business treats these contractors as they call them here i was when i was working on this, i found many people complaining being disconnected as an effort. i actually have to go now to suits 11 o'clock. okay. oh, so you don't want to to speak about human ending or does that happen? i think we're done so only artificial intelligence, no human. well that's what we're prepared for, so. sorry. okay, it's a pity to get some answers to our questions about lucas b,

walt and his views on his workers. we thought we'd try a different tax. oh, a. on the day, the figure 8 founder made his statement on disposable workers. there were other entrepreneurs amongst him, as well as a researcher lily iranian, just on the right. ah, 10 years after the conference, we find lily living south of los angeles, california. ah, really, you ronnie teaches at the university of san diego and one of her special subjects is the working culture of high tech business. ah,

we're lucky. she has a good memory to remember if somebody reacted after this sentence, which is very brutal in a certain way. to be honest, i the reaction was nothing. i remember that panel. every one went up to him to talk to him. and 2 or 3 people came out to me to talk about the ethics of this form of labor. this is a room full of highly educated people in san francisco, and nobody bad an eyelash. how do you extend that? you know, the kinds of people who have access to these spaces are the kinds of people who never worked in a situation where they wondered if they could make ranch or they never worked in a situation where, you know, somebody gets sick and they can't pay someone to go take care of them. so they have to kind of take a really bad job at home. and they have no connection to the kinds of situations of the people that are willing to do this work is what happens when you go to schools

like stanford and harvard and princeton. that tell you, you're the smartest person and you're going to be a future leader. and you've been chosen because you're special and that you have the power to change the world. ah, marks of software is not going to end. and the transformation of all industry is with us, whether people like it or not, the last industry in the world to be transformed by software was money and big coin rolled into town. and now money has been decided to mediated or disrupted by this software. this protocol called bitcoin and of course, bankers 8 at central bank or say that, but let's talk back within 10 years, all major central banks will be gone and we're going to be in a post central bank here. the mediterranean is the world's most over fish,

seen on sustainable exploitation of its fish dogs, which maureen biodiversity under great thread, a quote on sure you understand this is just this one i'm working from, katrina, only cookie, careful from, with one of the just to pick and want to put a loose despite the eas promises to end over fishing by 2020. the situation is changing too slow. well, i'm very disappointed with that they basically the kindred. they also do not in the midst of interest of the dishes, the only interest of the fishery will be the only ones in danger. the fisherman also at risk of losing or picking them up some group or they get it on the bottom of the bubble. thought, i guess it might be a one

story with you asked me if russia wants to fight the war with nato. let me ask you, does nato want to fight the war with russia? russian president, borns nato, to stop playing games and ignoring moscow security demands. the strong word comes with it and agree with the french president to work on stability and situation around ukraine. the menu i'm a crohn also stepped back from nato's the ante. russia rhetoric can cause for moscow security consent to be heard. u. s t o takes a different approach with president biden threatening that a crucial gas pipeline project will be shell. if russia and bait there will be no longer nurse to we will bring it in how would you, how will you do that.