again, with a fill on your clothes, and those are the holes that situational forces can overwhelm, can dominate even the best of us. ordinary people put in a bad evil environment, can become transformed to become part of that negative environment. and it's any of us, or in fact most of us the office of naval intelligence, it was pretty consistent, caught out front for cia, they funded much of this research. and i don't know if there was a yield that they, they produce a yield for this cruel science. i don't that's, it's maybe more,

i just don't think they do. it might play out spectacularly in the military. so the connections would be much further down the road. it would be particularly in the iraq war and in the setting up of get low and all of that. and by the time you get to 2001, it's already this cultural artifact. and so it is going to be picked up by by any one for any purpose. mm. mm hm. kind of people held accountable are not there because they stole the car. they

are not common criminals in their enemy, combatants and terrors, who are be detained for acts of war against our country. and that is why different rules have to apply on to the continuity is extraordinary. if you look at a sketch of the cubicle and of the student volunteer and mcgill university, and then if you look far forward to 2002, when the 1st al qaeda suspects are being confined at camp x right at mon, panama there and goggles gloves, in here, most that look, good god, just like that 1957 sketch in after 911. all of us working at p h r. i realized that there would very likely

be a huge problem of interrogation. gone wild, meaning torture, cruel in human and degrading t treatment. the use of extreme isolation was one of a range of techniques that were employed by officials interrogators and so forth. literally starting all the way back in 2002 for many, many days. and that is just unbelievably destructive and i was the 1st to really learn to go down there in the commission process in a 4 to 6 months period. you see a market deterioration in many respects. we if you're a year or 2, it's solitary confinement. you're going to ask the defendant for the 1st time in 2

years to, to, to interact with other human beings. beyond his lawyer and his jailers. it's going to be the jury that's going to decide his life. he's going to be put on the stand. and that's where he's going to speak for the 1st time to the world for 2 years. if to be shut off from the world, it's impossible who who has been 9 years an active duty, and then i'm still in the reserves in 2011. the department of defense, as i me to assist on the team, representing allergic mohammed, the, the lee defendant in the 911 case. what i can say is that the u. s. government has acknowledged that for the periods between 2003 in 2006,

mister mohammed was held at, has certain undisclosed foreign locations, black size, otherwise known as flexes. it was what a boarded over $183.00 times as correct. i can say that there is a memos between the department of justice. i various organs of the us government from cuba, department to fans, the central intelligence agency, as to what types of enhance interrogation techniques would be authorized for certain types of detainees to when they began signing on panama, they moved to having psychologists do interviews with patients, discover individual flaws, individual sources of trauma and security. and then they, they also discovered because they were germany with arabs and muslims. ah,

the muslim males are uniquely upset by nudity and also by female fiscal contact. and then share of dogs. race has always played a role in american tortures. the american torture techniques are part of old military punishments, punishments that were used on slaves and in you might find that strange, but there was one area where slaves were never whipped, but you use clean techniques on them. so they didn't leave marks. and that was, if you're going to sell a slave, because a slave that had with marks means that they were not going to obey. and so a clean slave was, paso got a higher price a the cotton

industry in the southern delta states of the united states depended completely on torture. over the course of, for decades human beings by using their bodies as a technological form. as a no logical machine were able to multiply by 8 times the amount of cotton an individual person could pick in a single day. so the use of torture is absolutely tied at the very beginning ah, in these kinds of cases many people in the system or the people who are imposing these conditions. believe that

ordinary punishment is too good for these people. and a lot of it is about the other dis of them religiously, ethnically, nationally, culturally, it's easier that it would be to someone from your own community to to that. so in guantanamo the secretary of defense rumsfeld appointed a commander jeffrey miller, whose job was to extract information. and jeffrey miller made up a cd or staff did. and i included a rack and are under the oh, with the permission of the commander their general sanchez. e, then can ren training sessions for the interrogators and the staff at abu ghraib

prison, or he transmitted the guantanamo techniques to the abil gradstaff. basically the restraints what removed and they were told to get results. the thing that became so clear is that what united states was doing was not a secret. it was hidden in plain sight. it wasn't really until the photographs from abu ghraib were released, which were just, you know, the tip of the iceberg of what was actually happening. that people in this country began actually talking about it what we did in a lab was exactly what to do. and the buyer to welcome in all over the recommend exactly the right. same course of actions that we did exactly

verizon them all. not all of them i can differently whether one is 1600 of them. we've only seen up in about 20 maybe 30 is 1600. and i think the worst ones are are the ones we mc. ah.

so and yes, they were violating a lot. i regulations in what they were doing, but the that they were operating within a system in which they were condition they were structured in order to violate those laws. when you arrived at the wave where you aware of what had happened there almost immediately after we arrived, i would grab we, we were briefed that there was misconduct, but we weren't given details. and the interrogators that i knew who had been there during that time didn't they didn't talk about it. so we, we didn't know i learned everything through the news. we understood the geneva

conventions to mean that absolutely. you know, you, you, you couldn't, you, you couldn't harm anybody in your care that your primary responsibility was their well being rather than putting them in distress. but then we were confused, and then of course we got these memos from the justice department and from the pentagon. authorizing the use of much more harsh techniques. we started adopting those techniques when i was stationed in mosul. among them were stress position, sleep deprivation of inducing hypothermia to stay in any way we can put them in distress using dogs. this is, this is a look so called slippery slope so that they take the gloves off policy allowed american interrogators from going from a certain list of techniques that were let's say aloud. and even those were already

torture to doing extreme things, rape and sodomy in, you know, at the most extreme forms of physical and psychological brutality. we're ah ah

ah, the special operation might be in new trade. however, the war is against the west in general, and against won't order which we have for this. and when the special operation and why are going to change in future of ukraine, the doses way the international relations are posted to week traditional financial system post and the weight actually in the countries down russia. ah, you can just torture somebody on a whim without knowing how to do it. and the reality, of course, is that torture like any physical skill right? requires training requires practice. it requires an institutional setting, a built environment, really, you need to have this institution, my space,

physical space in which you can perform torture. we want, you know, we, we want to be successful. i was against the war, i'm a liberal, i didn't vote for george bush, but i wanted to do my job well, you know, i felt like, you know, if i can be successful and get intelligence from these people and we can in the or quickly and that would be better for, for iraq, better for, for osman. the people who are hulu in recent days has been a focus, a few who have betrayed our values in solving the reputation of our country. and we have 6 or 7 investigations underway and a military justice system that has values. we know that those in law whoever they are, will be brought to justice. i

was angry at our leadership because i knew that they were prosecuting interrogators and guards. and leadership wasn't being held accountable. i i, i was disappointed in myself and our behavior were there was terrible. so i was, i was, was very angry when the have a great trial happened. i, i, i got a call from the lawyer for chip frederick. and he asked me to act as part of the defense team. i said, well, the person that you should really talk to is embargo. he ran this, experimenting the 19 seventies and the situations at abu ghraib as far as i can tell, are those conditions that are also reproduced in zimbabwe experiments. chip, frederick, he's the man here. oh, he was the one who had the idea of putting electrodes on the hood. his lawyer said,

the problem now is the military want to use him in a show trial in baghdad. in abu ghraib, not only not a single senior officer went to trial. not a single seni office. they got a recall letter of reprimand. in fact, in some cases they even got promoted. that the, the offices. so it's, it's the people at the top always take care of the people at the top. mm. for those individuals who were directed by the us government to, to engage in any technique that i believe would price level torture or crore in human or degrading treatment. i think they lose a little bit of themselves every time they have to come in and human act. and my power is out to them as well. i frankly in i

don't think i noticed that until i got back and then you know, tremendous guilt. and i think a lot of us develop signs that were later diagnosed as p p. s. d, but i don't know. i think that they have another name for now and i think it was, it's called like moral moral failure. so to assistance is feeling that people come back with after being in war. if they feel like they think they've done things better outside of their moral compass, ah, we're still evaluating how we're gonna approach the whole issue of interrogations, detentions,

and so forth. and i don't believe that anybody has babylon. on the other hand, i also have a belief that we need to look forward as low as possible, of looking backwards. ah, will look forward backward. well, forward is going to be like backward. if you don't do something about what happened in the past, nobody has been held accountable for the torture that happened in the past. and for this, among other people, i fault. president obama, essentially he gave everybody, dick cheney donald rumsfeld. he gave them all a free pass george w bush. they're all going to be rehabilitated. they're all going to be treated as great statesman. one day, i mean, they gave president obama a nobel prize for not being george w bush. the question, of course, the world tap, dancing around or avoiding as does it work as torture work doesn't work. people

that have information that are part of an underground apparatus, a terrorist organization, revolutionary organization, accomplished organization, whatever organized form of collective alan chip, i, b, they won't break now. and the people that you pick up that are innocence. yes. you tell them to pieces, you'll destroy them, you'll ruin them. i think that a few of the people that passed passed through my hands as an interrogator did have intelligence. but it mo, the vast majority of the people that i dealt with work just being picked up because they were males of military age and they were just get swept up. and these raves, i don't think torture is always being used as

a method to gain information or, or confessions. it's often just been used are out of, out of anger and fear. for right after september 11th attacks, september 11th, 2001. a very well known harvard law professor islander schwartz came up with the ticking bomb theory and he said, so what happens for example, if a terse, as a ticking time bomb a small nuclear bomb in times square and upon sticking. and we only have so much time, we must torture. and then you know, the show 24 of course started every segment with that giant clock ticking

away. and it kind of gave visual reality visual imprint that resonated with this discussion of ticking time bomb. in addition to the way that it framed our reception of torture on a popular level, just among the civilians in guantanamo itself, they were getting pressure from the department of defense and they have these meetings. and in the meetings they screened the 2nd season of $24.00 and use that as a jumping off place to decide what tortures what methods they were going to propose to donald rumsfeld that they would use against the people they were holding in guantanamo. and they was very influential on the people that i worked with. i know that some of the techniques that people wanted to use they had should they had seen on television programs. for instance,

i mentioned to you are leaders wanted us to mark and mark executions. and also using electricity, and these were things that they had seen on television this. i mean, no, no one trained us on that. that wasn't, that was simply from tell we're here in the united states, we have this picture of torture as something that is done by the lonely person, the lonely hero, the man who does it more in sorrow than in anger because he's absolutely forced to because so many lives depend on it, is willing to take the moral stain and the moral pain on him. and in order to save all these people, there was always this anxiety in american politics. which is that democracy kind of makes, makes weaker and less capable of taking the real things that real men should be able to do. there is a very gendered, masculine este sort of notion behind this real men, torture and, and,

and democracy makes us sissies too. in the middle east, we have people shopping the heads off christians. we have things that we have never seen before. i would bring back water boarding and i'd bring back a hell of a lot worse than water boarding. house today is your in your terrors. b would be a free trial, detention in m. c. c. turn south for 2 years. they're going anywhere. would you say that the manhattan, m. c. c. is while he done in plain sight, a black sight, an american ford? yes, i would say it's a black side that the sense of the black fights that people are be taken out and tortured, but they're being tortured in the way that our daily lives are being managed or not

managed. they're not living in a day or a life. they are a, a neglected product in a warehouse where there's no maintenance, you know, i mean, even as like the most, the most sole engaging place i've ever bid. one of the things that we need to consider now and has become quite an issue is how many of these soldiers who used to participate in these kinds of american techniques are now policeman and immigration officers who managed mexicans and hispanics and other sorts of things in integrations. today, there's already beginning to be evidence that these old techniques, including freezing rooms, sleep deprivation, all these things are now being used on, on, on immigrants and children. so this is one of the terrible things about techniques

is that they circulate between war and home and whatever you do in war comes home move. ready ready ah, if we keep torture clean, then we can feel that the thing that's being done to protect us isn't really so bad . we have become used to the idea that it is a legitimate moral stance that we do anything we need to in order to feel safe to feel secure. i mean a bizarre way. it's as if the government is trying to make a deal with us. you let us do whatever we want over here on the dark side, and in return i promise you will never die. it's like this fake promise of immortality. but of course, what time on the history of the american empire,

a certain 50 years from now, historians might have to say, as french historians have said about french algeria, that something was lost in the russian branch of torture. the moral authority that made america war later sacrificed for this the shamira of effective interrogation. and, ah, ah, ah, a christina it isn't

with that again. no difficult. the good luck of the life. with a genius, the autumn, a feller the all new bills and those are the quote, the deal with their head 03 i school broker, legal work for what are your thousands of people still live in small towns and villages that have become the new frontline project report that they call this area the grey zone. you don't like the really early found the real close pretty new with that was only

about a you had to come with bill or chileya. dale. don't know why it was funny because i similarly was him dumb or was it a show berella a blue shield that tell us that she made a leslie was that a was before he boy who here scott party grow your favorite them with? didn't think we have a way to do with one engine and like other than you should be ah

ah, russia and ukraine make a major breakthrough in peace negotiations with moscow saying gets ready to drastically reduce the military activity. nikia also ahead. the potential of the ukrainian i'll post this has been significantly degraded, which allows us to focus on the main objective, the liberation of talking about russian military. well now focus is that on the eastern front according to defensiveness to say, shall we go? there was also wound european countries, a gate i think with russian lead force is they, they close to fully re taking the key don't boss, city of mario po number. so monetary and crisis continues to unfold a 1000, the pavilion so cool in the cross fire that we went shopping for groceries. there

is no food in the city.