ah, yes, absolutely not a well with enough to hold that. we're just moving in with a little finish with some of the free. peter wouldn't enough. we'll shut down. we jelly, i'm not sure somebody go on with some stuff with them. we filled up if we started sending, you walks to like london, somebody up to the school we have to deal with with when you have a new engine, you were in love with

it. it was up here at the office with they don't finish with a photo with

ah, there's a price on each native person for $5.00 for a piece of scalp, for the indian male. $15.00 for women. $15.00 for children. they put me in a legal jail to call it a reserve is not part of canada, never decided so i was in school years. physicians terrible people.

it's impossible to forget what out there. we always shy but tobacco. we call dish. wonder rock and it's a shaker to rock it here, and it is a big, big rock. and we call it a grandfather rock. we thank the grandfather for looking after us and

taken care of us as we travel they tried to tell us that this was savage. this was a pagan way of doing things here that's with in the school. i was electrocuted twice. i was only 7 years old 1st too high for me. so for me to put me in the chair and my feet are up,

can even touch the floor and they turn the power on electricity. then the cat, when the electricity goes, you can let go. because the gen, the electricity makes you tighten it. he can't play golf for you. you were tortured like that. ah, they make us broken because they went to their land. so they broke their children. what did i go? did this or that to do anything? i was touched, the child ah

5 with 30 below cole. edmond. our host is the former chief of this remote community in northern ontario in fort albany.

canada has more than 2000 reserves like this one. they were set up in the late 19th century by the indian act. the law governing the indigenous population this racist build, made them 2nd class citizens separate from white people. today they are known as 1st nations peoples. back then, they were savages. i am designated asked indian o lives inside i reserve to separate the we are hidden people of canada here and here the government wants to call that are going to, i call it my grandfather's land.

the indian act is still applicable to day it was introduced in an attempt to settle and thus better control and nomadic people along with their territory and resources . the reserves were run by nuns and priests. their mission was to evangelize the savages to assimilate them. we're building a garden, if her fixtures from the school. so this one is good business, her the students, girls, the nuns. and these are the brothers or blade brothers and said prisoners or hear it hard

to resist. at that time, very hard to resist. ah, ah, in from the age of 4 or 5 children were torn from their families and handed over to missionaries to be educated. they were sent to what were referred to as residential schools. ah, the system was mandatory under the indian any families refusing to release their children or persecuted oh and denied the meager state allowance because i had long hair and i put it in rate. so somebody comes behind me, cuts my brain off. my hair falls over,

it looks like this. ah . as soon as the children or anything that identified them as indian was eliminated, their clothes were burned. they were forbidden to speak their own language. ah, they were issued with a uniform and a number is going to be the 1st is that's way we want to be ready for the aim was to make them good little white children and good little christians. i mean edmond and his cousin spent their childhood at saint dan's the school on their reserve, our building they didn't leave until they were 15. i

remember my 1st day. i remember looking at my mom to other were walk in loan. she was very quiet. and somebody else took me by them, but by then i was overwhelmed with the school. i didn't see my mom living until she was gone. and then when i tried to run back or go after her, they closed the door and the you cried, you know, it's like blue while losing or mum, you're losing your losing your mom is come up on for ears. the 2 cousins suffered cruelty and ill treatment. it was an experience

that marked them for life. even though the escape, the very worst of the abuse, the rapes pushed away ditzy rather broadaway, abusing a child and took them from the dormitory on the 3rd floor, brought him down to the basement. and that's where you talk to grow your bathroom ethridge whether you're famous. he put down. i had the year she whole look to they were like the butterfield i could never sleep because i always knew there was something there somebody, i could hear somebody moving around or was it was the worst part for me was always waiting every night just like there was somebody there that's gonna grab you?

that's no place to be for any so ah, we all came home with a dark secret generation after generation. ah, well, saint towns is an infamous school. it was only one of dozens in, in a little over a century. 150000 children attended these institutions. ah, 4000 of them lost their lives. in the last residential school closed down in 1996. i think the children, when you eliminate all their knowledge of their history, their culture, then you're basically killing the people that grew up on these lamps. that knew the

land that were connected to the lab. and that's what these policies were. to take the indian out of the bush to take the indian away from the bush plan and assimilate him. indoctrinate him with genocide, i guess it was the way of killing of people, but way of killing a culture, a nation killed indian. mm hm. so what we've got to do is identify the threats that we have. it's crazy foundation, let it be an arms race is on very dramatic development. only personally and getting to resist. i don't see how that strategy will be successful, very difficult time time to sit down, talk ah,

[000:00:00;00] the ah, i can assure you roughly, for the scores burned down, fire took it by accident. we don't know. ah! take me to court. i don't know. only the fire know for happy the

mission. now we can do our own. find our own way. we don't need coupe. we don't need the pope to tell us what to do with the school was right here. figure 3 stories building is big enough for 200 students with you know what we never gave the missionaries, we never show them our tears. we never cried. he can be slapped around like this. bang, bang, bang, bang, bang right, right on your head and face, slap, slap, slap, slap, slap, and kneel on the floor and eat your vomit electrocution. but i'm still here. i'm still standing up,

but they're gone. with the last traces of the missionaries presence are to be found nearby in the reserve . okay, i just follow me. i'll make a trail here. it's an infamous spot. a place, nobody comes to any more. these abandoned huts with the priests, summer residences. it's too dirty. you don't want to be here. pat. spirits here. father le warriors to run over here after your bish somebody and run here and she kept solution in a weapon south. there's a whip there. simself,

everybody saw him running away from the school. so they said i did it again. now, i guess he was running all the time too. for the cabin here, sir brittany or something happened? ah. feel abandoned since the late 19 ninety's. the huts are almost intact. time they stood still. ah, the ghosts are all that remains of the trauma that haunts edmond and the 1st nations peoples every single day. ah, that's how i grew up in it is really hard to to get over that. how do you get over that?

when they wake up in jail, got thank who with dish with cold drives everyone from the sidewalk. they are the only ones left street indians. the image of the dying people ah, tempted by a better life. first nations,

a youth flee the poverty of the reserves, and end up here at the end of the road. in thunder bay, a daily grind of alcohol and drugs and the life of misery that no one pays any attention to any more. in the frozen downtown streets you survive anyway, you can oh wow. a now 48. october is a survivor veritable miracle. like the rest of his family. he belongs to the last generation, taught by nuns and priests for

a long time drowned his pain in alcohol like almost half the men in his community. for you. this music has kept me alive, kept me alive, and all these years. now is 1112 years old and going to worse code excursions, priest the bike and c. name ralph roy, you know, you know, are all 4 took advantage of a lot of who are a lot of us are doors on the winter boys walking on the ice, going to the trap line. and we couldn't go back is we're early. we crossed the lake going in the bush and night time the priest decided to come and

sleep beside me and why my sleeping way towards the night a friend, zip my and my my my sleeping way and grab the man this and go i can hear some of them are, my relatives didn't make it jerking themselves to death over doses. suicide, man, you know, and i've done that before. i put a gun there before, stick a needle in my arm to hoping to overdose. and i've been to jail, you know,

good drug charges. i got a domestic violence beating up my ex wife, being out my girlfriends and that's it's, it's hard for her 3rd, the scary thing to talk. what in his plight, otto has been able to count on his and yeah, coffee office, if i know his lucky star coffee, grady cocker i'm from the barrett plan. you said it was my grandmother. she always said to me, i never go to bed with dirty dishes on the table cuz little people walk around at night, spit on things as to why people get sick. she says, that's what i do. i usually try and do my dishes before i go to sleep. all the time

. i know suffered a lot too. when the residential schools it is a memory she still finds hard to talk about. oh, i have when i had my grandson here so i can say he's 20 here. what i had to say. so natalie say now it is mad. came in late talking about it. but yet it made me, it made me the person i am today because i'm

a beta i don't give up with anything i know has always wanted to break the vicious circle of trauma. she remained silent on the subject to protect her grandchildren, bear them the fate that befalls most of the communities. youngsters. ah, unlike their loved ones, they have not experienced residential schools. ah, yet all seem to carry the burden and 43 percent. the 1st nation youths between the ages of 12 and 24 have addiction issues. women are the biggest victims. in canada,

indigenous women are 7 times more likely to die or to be killed than white women. victims of the violence inflicted by men, whether white or indigenous, broken by the inherited trauma of colonization, we are targeted as easy prey who this fam aside phenomenon was acknowledged by the state after a 2 year nationwide study. oh i i am a product of the residential school. i was raped by

a priest when i was young on my reserve. i was raped by 2 police officers here in thunder bay 182-001-2014. i've been beaten by men by my partners. really bad where my doctor, my doctor file is about that sick with pictures of you couldn't even recognize my face. broken bones no more stolen sisters. with no more it's don't with stolen sisters. more than 4000 of them in 30 years. it's

a phenomenon rooted in the country's history. with no nation, no nation has ever done anything like it in all the history. with ah, yes,

mr. absolute mccullough. with a question that's the truth. peter wouldn't end up with shock. todd can be jelly, i'm not sure somebody who can watch some stuff with with a new engine. you were in love with it. it was up here at the ball. but can you

with they don't finish with a very taboo. canada hasn't been very good to indigenous women and girls who have been missing or found murdered because of structural racism, history. the cloning of history that canada has with indigenous people and communities. and it's so shameful history and a history that kind of doesn't like to talk about not until just into those election in 2015 with the to abuse of colonization. finally