john say we're not going to take part in this, and that's the only way we can keep pocket that was for the policy will always be there. when i router to politics, you sort of on the field of play and, you know, on the field of play out in the battle field, because that's where she'll be. the only way we can make a change is for the defiance to people who are actually paying to watch much as we're buying the the souvenirs who are buying to shorts. they say not take money orders and just switch off. we won't do it because we did it because we lost, but i think that there is a change call me and i do think that this kind of, let's just say, and i think i said the western ideal or the western you have to be so that it represents everything i think has been taken off by the masses in pakistan in my area who wants to watch football. louis. but i think that little by little leaders of this, testable usa policy. ready but if i do,

when it goes iowa and we've been speaking to alamo, hosted capital, supposed to be put, i thank you. thank you for joining us here in all the international will be back at the top of the with the very latest. see then the i ah ah, ah ah ah, ah, ah,

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a veteran and put your gums when you do friday. is montoya or origin report before lucy? sure. sherman yes or no. that was all good. if he doesn't listen to this, ah, the lights are going out all across ukraine infrastructure that cannot be easily replaced any time. so nato continues its proxy war against russia, saying as long as it takes will the ukrainian state and society collapse before it's military is defeated on the battlefield. ah, hello, i'm manila chan. you are tuned in 2 modus operandi there showed that explores the

methods and patterns of u. s. foreign policy all around the world and the history that reverberates in our lives. today. this week we'll examine latin america, america's neighbors to the south have taken center age in u. s. domestic politics, whether democrats and republicans sparring over the mexican border, or presidents biden. and donald trump house speaker, nancy pelosi, recognizing one guido as the president of venezuela, the u. s has a lot of clean up by head with it's southern neighbors. then as the u. s. is preoccupied with a proxy war against russia in ukraine. china and russia are making moves across latin america, the 2 bricks giants aiming to add a new south, american ally to the roster and broker business deals. embracing the left turn that latin america is taking. will this cause a hemispheric shift? all right,

it's time to get into the ammo. ah, louise, ignacio da silva, better known simply as lula, brazil's one time president from 2003 to 2010 is out of prison. and back on the campaign trail. lula is staging a political come back in a soaring in the poles in brazil against incumbent j. your bull sonata, with a nickname of his own trumpet, the tropics, wilson, otto struck a trump in populous nerve before but with lula. the left us leader now cleared to run for office again following a us back to corruption bust known as operation car wash. lula has a bone to pick with the u. s. d o j. and the securities exchange commission who took part in an elaborate international investigation which many brazilians viewed as politically motivated,

some even calling it american interference in their domestic affairs. meanwhile, in venezuela, home of the world's largest oil reserves president nicholas maduro won a 2nd term vibe, an assassination attempt, and remains president after what most of the world deems a coup attempt by the west. with the u. s. and u. k. choosing a recognized former parliamentarian one, why doe, instead as the president. now this was bipartisan recognition on the part of american politicians, but as the u. s. gasoline prices began to skyrocket. in april 2022, the u. s. seemed to abandon guido and sent a delegation to effectively ask the maduro administration for help with oil supplies. but that visit didn't go as the byte in administration had hoped. so when the u. s. hosted the summit of the americas this year in los angeles. they left

a few key latin countries off the invite list like venezuela, nicaragua, and cuba. now this party pho paw, not boating. well across the southern nations with key countries like mexico turning down biden's invite. what then is plan b for the bite in administration, in dealing with this new hostility from its southern neighbors. and joining us to discuss this very fluid relationship between the u. s. and south america, let's bring in doctor enrique rivera. he's a historian and author of the new book, the untold history of capitalism with international press, and re gay. good to see you. thank you for joining us. first. i'd like your read on the upcoming brazilian elections. it's huge it's, it's a huge deal. i'm so bored. so nato has been a bit of a difficult figure to peg. oh,

he's an admirer of trump. and so when trump was in office, there was a certain affinity there. um, but and, and there were some indications that that he was kind of a i'm a counter hedge, a monic figure. but in the end of the day, kind of as in the history of latin america, right. when figures have tended to follow the dictates of washington, and so in the end of the day, he did end up doing that. and so he, he was a major ally in regards to cutting off relations with dennis. well i, which was a principal. ready aim of the u. s. government to isolate bennett will resume largest country in latin america, both in geographical space as, as well as in population. and so they also supported the us back qu in bolivia, a couple of years ago. and,

and they even offered both for not personally just. ready offered political asylum for janine and yes. who, who was the head figure of the crew in bolivia and so lula has always kind of been a device of figure within the u. s. political establishment. he's been kind of seen as when he started out. he was certainly seen as kind of a reformer someone that could be worked with. but i think his, his for res into, into launching these spearheading these international movements like bricks and sued alba, etc. you know, a lot kind of his true colors as, as best basically a practical answer imperialist came through and then so the hardliners in

washington certainly don't see his coming to the office with favor. it's going to be an interesting situation. lula has a bone to pick, as you mentioned, with the united states, he's calling out the united states on, on, on nato's aggression against, against russia. which and the spurred the invasion of ukraine or, and so, so yeah, it's going to be an interesting thing. we're going to see what plays out. yeah, lou. last i checked, he has consistently been pulling in double digits ahead of both scenario. so if lula does indeed win as anticipated, can the us men relations with lou? i mean, i know they help groman prison and all of that, especially since he recently issued those strong words against the u. s. and the sanctions that the u. s. imposed on russia. you know, he actually told time magazine that these sanctions are now hurting the entire world. so with that said, i mean, can the bind it administration,

make amends with lula? well, i think that the u. s. as they do, i think they're going to take multiple wrong approaches. i think the white house in the state department are certainly going to be saying nice things publicly while behind closed doors. ready they are certainly going to be continuing to fund opposition to lula and certainly going to be trying to get him out of office. i think that lula himself, i think, i think he's beyond the point of, of where he thinks that he can rely on the west as a partner, i think, but he does seem to realize that that the u. s. is perceived interest really go against the reality of the interest of the people, the united states and certainly those of brazil. and so i think the cats out of the bag as far as he is concerned. but he is

a practical politician. he is going to be limited by what exactly he can do. he's his, his strong polling numbers come because he's the most popular political figure in brazil, but he's also. ready cast a wide net politically and he's brought more moderate forces into his tent. and so people that are more a, mainly both to the united states. and so it is going to be a balancing act. what about the summit of the americas? the summit is, is still fairly young in its tenure, but it's meant to be a summit for countries in the western hemisphere to openly and freely discuss issues at hand. the biden administration left out venezuela, nicaragua, and cuba from the invite list. and then this led to a cascade of other leaders, either declining the invite altogether or sending, you know, perhaps even worse, sending some lower ranking official in the president's place. what was the read of

the summit to you? and because you're there in los angeles. yeah, it was a disaster. well, the official summit was a disaster. interestingly, there was a parallel peoples summit that was attended by 1000 people, which was organized by various grass roots, political organizations in the united states, and, and also solve delegations from been as well as from cuba. they made their way to the people summit, which was much more celebrated event than, than the official summit. the summit was a disaster. it, it really could be seen as, as a turning point historically, because excuse me, i mean, the, you know, the fact that mexico refused to attend because of the u. s. is blacklisting of the 3 countries you, you mentioned is a huge deal. i mean,

mexico has been in the u. s. his pocket for 90 years now until lot of what a lot, who's actually a lunar type figure. and it's interesting to bring those parallels to him because you see that balancing act in the united states. they say nice things publicly, but in high close doors, men, they can't wait to get rid of this guy. but the thing is, the times have changed mexico's a big country with a big economy and so is brazil. and so the days of the united states, you know, picking and choosing leaders, moving chessboard according to, to their, their designs, those days are largely over, not to say that they're not trying, and they don't have certain successes. they do. but their powers is so much more limited than it used to be. and so i think you can look at this summit as, as really a turning point in us latin american relations. you know, mexico refused to go and refuse to go. these are 2 countries that, that were, you know, us especially has been virtually

a u. s. colony for most of the 20th and 24th century. so huge blow to united states into the, into the reputation international. and now some of the states that you just rattled off right there. let's, let's keep our eye on that because we cannot talk about us relations in south america without discussing the school of the americas or wisc or whatever. they're branding it as nowadays when fact maybe graduates from this u. s. military training program has proven to be and some of the most violent, the cruelest dictators seen in latin america going as far back as the 1950 s the u . s. intervention in guatemala and the 1950s has shifted the political landscape there for the rest of the 20th century. so what are your final thoughts on so, and, and how the u. s. continues to interfere in latin american domestic issues by continually bringing in these military leaders. yeah, i mean, so, i mean,

and it's various incarnations have been have been disastrous for, for, for the region. i actually just taught a course that you see a, let me know a, as you mentioned this past quarter, and i told students look, there is absolutely, we went through the u. s. support the 30 wars and south america. the civil wars. ready in central america and the eighty's and, and then we compared those, those situations with human rights today and been a swell and cuban because i was and there really is no comparison at all. i mean, tube and, well, let me go our, our countries, nick, what today's, the different during the civil war. but these aren't places where you see disappearances where you see massacres and where you see genocides. united states has actively supported, actively supported, provided intel, trained through the school of the americas,

and overseen operations of torture of massacres and of genocide, the worst being in 1980 to 9900. 83 us back dictator. your smart in guatemala, the extermination of over 2 100000 indigenous people. systematic extermination of 200000 people. this was under the watchful eye of the united states and in fact, elliot abrams not too long ago when, when being grilled by an omar, you know, had to defend his statement that well, it was worth it, you know, the bloodshed was, was worth it. my mother's home country of thought would work. there's the most often massacre with thousands of civilian tens of thousands of civilians taken out of their homes and massacred by us trained military officials, children, thousands of children's bothered. so it's, it's really been a disaster to say that the united states, the excuse that the united states says that they are getting involved in us latin

american affairs because of human rights is not anything that can be held up by any evidence. it's, it's quite the contrary. yeah, i have to have to agree. it looks like the evidence on the ground shows that it's exactly the opposite of what they're presenting to us at dr. enrique rivera. thank you so much for sharing your expert insight with us today. i look forward to talking with you again, my friend, thank you. thanks. mm hm. and next, as us, south america relation, sour bricks, members are expanding their influence. when we return, we'll take a look at how china and russia are seizing the opportunities arising from american errors down south. ah, ah,

i've actually found safety embrace since naziism is a joke. all of a sudden, you're placing the position. i can defend myself. now. i don't know how to be afraid anymore. on one hand, i'm terrified that they're going to find that i'm jewish, but on the other, i think it's so far away. i distinctly remember my mom sitting me down one night and her st. john, they're going to have one guy hunch me behind my ear, but aren't somebody so now in the rest of the punch is just hard to fly and somebody shouted out, died you boy died. and at that point i knew a brad an indian doctor that came in and looked and said, there's no medical reason why you should be allowed to find something to believe. john story is a story of ho street victory, and whatever i can do to help him,

i would go with ah, as the bite and administration struggles to find its footing in south america. china and russia, on the other hand, are expanding their reach and their influence across the global south. the 2 bricks nations are looking to add argentina to the block, which would give south america to members from that continent for russia. if not the candidate state who is the biggest economic ally and south america, it's actually brazil, while neither brazil nor argentina joined the u. s. in sanctions against moscow, j or boston, otto actually asked the w t o to allow his country to continue trading fertilizer with russia, which was needed for soybean production in brazil, outside of the block,

russia has found allies in venezuela and nicaragua. meanwhile, china is all ready. the continents taught trading partner in 2019 chinese investments in the continent exceeded $13000000000.00 and the trade between the l. a. c zone that is the latin american and caribbean with china topped 300000000000. so already 18 of 33 latin countries have signed up to be part of china's belt and road initiative. but south. com seems to find this growing relationship with china. quite disturbing and paints a nefarious picture about beijing intention. and here to discuss the number of business deals happening below the equator, is one ricardo ortega, he's an economist and has worked for a number of colombian government agencies and international banks. one, thank you so much for being with us. first, let's talk about south com,

the u. s. military's command overseeing south america, finding that russia and china is relations, relationships rather in the region. a little bit unnerving to put it lightly. historically, the u. s. was the dominant force in the region, both militarily and economically. but over the last decade, we are seeing a shift. why? because china is willing to best you know that the social bed in america and our most you got it perfectly. see that in the political chief all over the continent got to see him left, his ornaments from chile all the way to mexico. and the chinese are willing to invest significantly and the land resources. and unfortunately the us cob withdrew and regarding climate change, there's been very strong positions against ga us on methane on oil. on the side of the main staples that pro isaac strong currency from america. uneven international banks are not willing to fungus breaks on. the chinese are,

is very difficult to us. the society is to caught their main source of income just for a bigger, delayed, and international level. in an agenda that lived in america actually has very little to say, no, they glow on the back on carbon emissions to look in america is minimal. so why should it be the one that goes to the main source of income at this point in time? that's why china is i will play a very significant role in the region going forward. here, it makes sense to go where the money is. now, venezuela, nicaragua, and cuba were left off. jo biden's invite list for the summit of the americas this year. as it was, the u. s. turn to host. was this predicated? do you think kwan on their friendly relations with russia? most likely. you've seen the old bird shows on behalf of them because i want war meant tortoise russia they have in the basement, in, in that lanes airport that can land lumbers, that,

that would feed the ones that russia has a purely against most of the regions. values regarding democracy and transparent and open elections and the same been as well. and irrational support for those are environment being one of the reasons why they've been able to sustain their current systems that are totally against that it will credit values the u. s . purchasing the route and china's huge footprint in south america is obviously undeniable. as you had pointed out, is the u. s. and d o. d being paranoid about beijing's influence and their motives in latin america? i think that are practical reasons why china is looking at the region. one of their main concerns is, is having sources of food stamps and latin america is very rich on that regard. no, we have got all, we have chicken, we have solid beans. and most of that stuff that the chinese people might need can

be source from up in america. and that he'd like to make an advantage on some of the raw materials that china lacks. can be found that you know me because it was the case of lithium in mexico. what is the case of gold in columbia or iraq from, from brazil. so you have one of the countries that have some of the key inputs for the chinese economy. and it makes a lot of sense for those relationships to go a, to it stronger and deeper economic inter religious between china and america. unfortunately, they do is they can a step by and we've, there is a void, it always will be, feel, yeah, that, that is how capitalism works. isn't it now? does the us somehow feel entitled to this, you know, hedge a monic rule in the western hemisphere, despite critics saying the u. s. has the worst history in the stabilizing governments in latin america? a case of columbia is different. i will say that they would extremely constructive

in allowing columbia to strengthen the system to children being able to rebuild after many years of internal conflict on the support of the us. what's critical back in the seventy's for sure that the u. s. had no firing influence both and she laid on what the my law, i'm probably new and he got out what. but as later times, i won't say they've been more constructive and they are very strong values regarding lever the freedom of speech, open democracy, a list of markets. and that, that could change because for the chinese, those are not all the same priority that they care more about the economic growth, spurn and the economic into relationships than human rights or democracy. and that for the us is a concern. and definitely that is achieved regarding some of these issues in the region. yes, definitely. sounds like a different goals from 2 different countries here to different world leaders. last thing, one,

what are your projections about latin america and the direction they will move in the 21st century? will they be moving towards the east and away from the us? the chinese influence is going to grow significantly all the embarrassments regarding electric vehicles. all the trash or trains, the chinese leaders, even some of the key infrastructure might be in the electric sector where they have very big investments if they do in chilling brazil. and they're going to be looking at going central america as well. and you don't see the us fighting, going best sort to participate in this economy. so the chinese, i'm going to be the ones taking the lead and that economic integration will give them political leverage. so for sure, the region is going to be moving towards the east very quickly on an broadly very significantly. yeah, i think there's going to be a lot we're gonna see coming out of the new bricks unions and all the people

getting added to bricks and excited to see what that will bring for the future in the 21st century with latin america. thank you. so much economist one ricardo ortega thank you for being with us today. my pleasure on her being with you have a great day and that is gonna do it for this weeks episode. have modus operandi there, show that dig deep into foreign policy. i'm your house, manila chance. thank you for tuning and we'll see you again next time to figure out the ammo. ah, the likes are going out all across ukraine infrastructure that cannot be easily replaced any time. so nato continues its proxy war against russia, saying as long as it takes will the ukrainian state and society collapse before

it's military, is defeated on the battlefield. i am, my name is frank from a reserves in philadelphia. got in the movement, in the age of 13 or 14, we were violent towards those people because we believed that were this race. we were here 1st and this is our country being part of that movement. i got your sense of power. when i felt powerless, we got attention when i felt invisible and accepted when i felt and lovable life after hey, is an organization that was founded by for a skinhead neo nazi white supremacist in the u. s. in canada. and they found each other and they knew that they wanted to help other guys get out. is 2 parts to getting out of a violent extreme was the 1st part of disengagement which is where you leave the social group. and then the next part is d. radicalization where belief systems audiology are removed. it was very impactful when someone finally came along with

no fear, no judgement, you heard my story did nothing to challenge it. validate i ah, with the headlines on the r t international night, those chief in the state should tighten that belts and provide more support to ukraine to fund many europeans, aware of it. being exhausted by the crisis, reorders with everything is getting more expensive in australia. we don't know how it will be in winter when it gets hard, whether there will be enough to heat. if the government does not take measures including social measures of balance things out than we are sliding into a catastrophe. russian us nuclear disarmament talk in cairo have been postponed