[000:00:00;00] ah ah in 1834 france invaded algeria, and straight away the french started inhabiting it to strengthen their position. the colonists, known as p a. no, ours took the best land from day one, the local population was put into an unequal position and was brutally exploited. this gauze,

mazda is content. the people of algeria began their long term fight for independence . in 1954, the banner of freedom was raised by the national liberation front. a guerrilla war against the occupants broke out. the french tried to suppress to rebellion using cruel measures. full villages were wiped out packs of georgia and executions of civil people, including pregnant women children and old people took place more than 2000000 people were put into concentration camps. however, these punitive measures didn't help the algerian patriots managed to induce france to start these negotiations. in 1962 evian accords were signed, voting algeria on the past towards independence. but this was achieved at a colossal price. algeria by rights, is considered to be a country of martyrs. according to the calculations of historians,

the frame colonists are responsible for the deaths of one and a half 1000000 algeria. new

with we went to bed and 2017 and woke up. and it was 19 o 3 no power, no light, no water. no cell phone. i mean it's just like nothing was working. you didn't know how your loved ones were

doing except the ones and you had you need immediate mission any ah. hospitals are without power, doctor's doing procedures with the flashlight from their cellphone. so it's like you're on your own. what do you need to know? ah, with will. so pray with people who had to rick we left wet. we where so and we also love puerto rico

with the response to maria was really like a poster child of, of the relationship between, you know, puerto rico and, and the united states for the situation. and maria was not just created by maria, but what it, maria lays bare the reality. it strips it down to the bare bones. and you can really see that colonialism still exists in a few places and 40 go as one of them when

our actions were aimed getting people to say yes, it is possible to resist a break the colonized mentality that these guys can't be beat or that there's nothing we can do to change the situation and that sense of input in the 19 seventy's, when once they got i was in his early twenties, he chose to fight for the independence of his homeland. although many boy, ricans were angered by a lack of political autonomy. only a small percentage advocated full independence from the united states. even fewer chose wines, path of para military operations,

and robbing banks. last one i did was 33 years ago. most of the times my role was because the protection against the police coming so i i was ready to engage in gun fire if it had to be to protect my comrades from, from getting caught. and also on i had thought that through with with the island of point

article was 1st call nice by spain in 15, owing in 1898. it became a u. s. com. yet it has retained its own cultural identity. today nearly 3 and a half 1000000 people of a population greater than 21 of the 50 us states but close to half a 1000000 poverty point. the vehicle is a u. s. territory powerless to challenge actions of the united states government that affected people. residents have no vote in congress

or in presidential elections. we had a subscription to time magazine and there was an issue which the cover story was on prep schools in the us. and i read it and, and over was covered prominently there and it said they had 7 indoor basketball court that they hadn't made. that made it very, very, as a wow with i had like a shark skin suit which i thought was so cool. and 1st time i walk in the dining all maybe half an hour after my parents left and i felt homesickness. and as soon as i walk into the child hall and take maybe 10 steps, some guy goes you know,

that's the 1st time at heard that word, let alone addressed me, but i went up and slapped him in the face. you know, as hard as i could just a one. and he was so shocked that he didn't do anything. and i went into the, to the court room, to hang up my coat and then go into the dining room and united holy. what have i gotten myself with senior year and, and over my, my professor for american history. mr. len james, he said, said, how would you like to do a term paper in lieu of the final exam? i said yeah, sure. and he said, want to do a paper on the spanish american war and i didn't,

i came to our door in the library to the bottles, a library to read the congressional record. and there's nothing like reading these guys talk on filtered on the one side there were those referring to us for practically as monkeys in like of the brown races and listen that are going away. and then you had guys like go william jennings, bryan and the anti imperialist, saying this betrays all over the united states. as of all, we fought the colonies, reform for independence. what are we? we're going to become an empire now with for over 400 years. went out eco, suffered as a spanish colony but in $1897.00, spain granted the island, a degree of autonomy with many hoped that this was

a step towards independence. but it turned out to be a dead end. ah, just months after i went to eco's 1st election and the united states invaded the island within 10 weeks, hopes of independence were dashed as the island was annexed by the u. s. and then in 1917, that jones act made point duncan's us citizens with like okay, you're gonna make you american citizens, which you didn't ask for even if we were offered citizenship of happened, we would prefer are wrong with you guys in line for

a robin. the statue applies to rob and i don't know if you're supposed to and all i see a lot of people doing it. so i am jerry ago. okay. who's next? i do know that that's not john harvard now did it. no. because he was dead by the time they did that. so some, some young man posed a year is not right. and he wasn't just the founder because he was one of of all one of them. so that's why they say this is the statue was a 3 life. okay. about the year that was my dorm room window on the top floor there.

as i looked down that morning, i was starting to be light. it was a mist still on the yard which added to this kind of surreal quality. and there was a ring of policemen, setting up an outer perimeter. i mean, they all had these elements on with visors and they set up a gauntlet on, on this door here. when i, when you get here, the screaming and everything else and then started seeing the guys, the students who were in the building being evicted, one by one side. i just tried to just pull you down. and as they brought you down the stairs kicking you and hating you, until you got to the battery where i can throw you in the battery right and filled

it out and drove it out. and then brought the next one and i was apparently injured . and that was what basically made the break for me from being an advocate of peaceful change and thinking that we could change things peacefully. understanding that these guys had to be fought in a different way for me. that was the beginning of my radicalization. policemen, it was a little crowd back in group of people in the building. ah, now, are you familiar with this deploy box? yes, sir, to nancy. you know them go kim's, in

a book that probably the natalie. she's the radius of a beautiful showcase in i'm going to let her know that sounds good. it's a boiler. what is it w a ah, what would be the one that number will be? what am in my chair, the 1st laura doesn't want that much extra money, but i know it's up a minute or i

am 50 years earlier, another puerto rican student matriculate at harvard battle. i'll be so, campbells. in 1921. he graduates from harvard law school with the highest grade point average in his class. and one of those privileged minds of puerto rico has produced and was not recognized as such because he was black, poor readings or not. i am. mm hm. mm. i asked her harvard, i'd be so campus returns to point, don't recall where he witnesses the u. s. controlled sugar cartel extracting higher profits from plantation workers than any other place in the world.

ah, in 1934, i lisa campus organizes sugar pain cutters, or much at their doors to strike against us sugar companies. they are quickly met with a bloody crackdown but the strikers prevail. and the wages are double to a $1.50 a day. ah, emboldened i'll be so. campos forms the cadets of the republic who take an oath to fight for point oregon and dependence on palm sunday. 1937. they plan a peaceful march at the last minute. the colonial governor revokes their permit to assemble and they are surrounded by 200 police, some armed with thomson machine with

unprovoked, the police began firing. marchers and bystanders attempt to flee a flag there is the 1st to be killed. a 7 year old girl picks up the flag and she is immediately shoveled. ah, a wounded cadet drags himself to the wall and writes in his own blood. viva like blanca abala has, has seen us. long live the republic down with the murders. ah, for 235 when 19 killed

including the 7 year old girl for 20000 mourners attend the funeral ceremonies with none of the police are held accountable for i didn't know any of that when i was growing up. but now i was like this, what did i know? and i, it wasn't until years later that i began to have a different historical perspective on, on puerto rico and all that gag law that made flying the puerto rican flag by itself illegal and punishable by prison. you know, you couldn't speak in favor of in the pantry, be thrown into prison. with in

1948 la, 53, lay the la garza known as the gag order, makes it a crime to display a puerto rican flag. speaking out for independence or seeing a patriotic puerto rican song can lead to 10 years in prison. ah, in 1950 nationalists across the island read the staging coordinated attacks on police station, the governor's mansion and the u. s. federal court house. the national guard responds with heavy artillery mortars grenades and p 47 bombs. this is the 1st time that us fighter planes are tackling with

in the aftermath, 2000, puerto ricans are rounded up and arrested. in retaliation to nationalist form, a plan ah, outside blair house, the president temporary washington home. extreme fanatics of the puerto rican nationalist party tried to force their way in guns blazing to assassinate the president of the united states. assassin, oscar garzo and 2 other guards are wounded as the law to spoil washington's emergency hospital. a 24 hour guard watches over a go who despite a chest wound recovers to face trial for murder. that tried to kill me. and i knew that they tried it, i knew who they were, they are a bunch of fanatics,

that it was an independent puerto rico actually one of the common views is that the nationalists rose up like a bunch. and the government squashed them. in fact, it was the us government policy, the governors policy to push these guys into a corner, get them to a point where it's either give up or go down fighting and so they were pushed into that situation. and then of course, they responded and fought, crushed, and crushing away that is like, you know, like when they do, when they put an invaders, put down all the freedom fighters, cut their heads off and put them on a pike. so everybody else knows that don't mess with oscars. this is what's waiting

for you. i was approached by somebody i trusted very much and said listeners saw the underground movement is being organized in puerto rico for independence. and you know, we think you're a good candidate. what it's i said yes, in 1954, 4 point of egan's living in new york, decide that they are willing to sacrifice their lives for independence. communicating from prison. i'd be so campus presents them with a mission to bring the fight for independence to the american public. the group

purchases new sunday dress clothes and vice one way. tickets to washington dc. then they enter the us capital building. now congress is in session. lead time it on leads them and reciting the lord's prayer. then she stands up and shouts from the gallery to viva. wait, don't legally long live free. puerto rico wire in the house of representatives and the police and crowds rushing to the capitol, shoveled and wild. i'm a border we can put out a grotto miranda photograph moments after he. i'm a fellow terrorist. i'm grace good. are all at joined with little a bron and boring, more than 20 shops at the crowded house for 5 congress when our wounded in the murderous address. ah, still grimly, the apply of the woman is hustled from the angry, menacing crowd. ah,

a new man. that paying for freedom from icon on that i would like it happened today, awake, it kind of it may not good well up the road and i think government and i think that they put a recall immediately i think i'm talking here. nobody did you gotten your polar wrapper, random family because all the other ways have been try and i think company a political feeling not click on take it. the only point in the new way is indicate that new. thank somebody being fired and i came here yet. it fade me not to laugh at them either bacon and patty with most americans. and

there's no context to notice like, these guys are totally insane. you know, these fanatics for pottery, gun abandon, so you know, when we've done such good for them, are good. they do that the criminal investigation reveals that normally delivered on fired her weapon into the ceiling, harming no one capital police. find a note in her handbag. my life i give for the freedom of my country, the united states is betraying the sacred principles of mankind with a continuous subjugation of my country. ah mm. mm. fully medical all, heather rios was born in puerto rico in the 1930 s as a child. he saw his grandparents lose their land to the north american sugar

monopolies. he witnessed the slaughter of the bon sir massacre. ah, he saw the death of colonialism globally, but experienced it lingering on tenaciously at home. in his twenties, already an accomplished jazz musician, he gave up his career as a trumpet player and began to fight for independence. it was clear to feel that though heather, that the u. s, was not going to change of its own accord. blue c o l l e y, c o savage, or whatever, or if that's in the open meal, a lindsey me in the game that will be in the vice god only so they won't bother you. they're going on my battle bigger than the 3 and the world is africa handles either. there the other 3. let me go

with in the fall of 1969, dozens of bombs began exploding in puerto rico us based hotels, casinos and department stores like sheraton, howard johnson's. and we'll work. we're all hit. there were few injuries, but hundreds of thousands of dollars of damage. really bad go ahead. i called these actions arm propaganda. when i was showing wrong, when i just don't know any room to see out the scene because of the advocate,

an engagement. it was betrayal. when so many find themselves worlds apart, we choose to look for common ground. a shoe, the ship is equipped with the latest zircon hypersonic missile system, which has no analogues. a brigitte armed with nuclear capable hydrophilic miss on duty and the atlantic and the indian ocean with 5 people are killed and 15, more wound give ukrainian forces strike a residential area in russia or region civilian emergency workers along