ah, ah ah ah not what is be spoken by the united states all by you when he's actually dead fighting a war, essentially to prove in the it on the surgeon. so russian follower, once again in, in this region and saw that is, wanted to follow the limit of water as it is, it's possible,

ah, ah, brazil has been one of the countries hit the hardest by the coven pandemic. and recently, j are both scenarios. government has back measures to ease economic hardship for us citizens. this included a 50 percent increase and welfare payments for brazil's poorest, but these payments will only continue until the end of the year. a move that several have blasted as a cynical and opportunistic electoral ploy. so what's the cost of having a right wing leader 1st to the left wing leader like mueller da silva for brazilians. and regardless of who was in power, what will this mean to the brazilian economy? will be diving into these topics and more. i'm christy i and you are watching the cost of everything with

also laurel and lula have both play their part in shaping brazil a political landscape. both men have built up a group of loyal supporters who believe that the best way is the correct and right way for brazil's future. over the last 4 years, jar both nara has within to power by drawing on the rising discontent with the workers party government, which had been in power since 2003, and stood accused of grand corruption. also, nora, who was a long time member of congress and defender of military prerogatives portrayed himself as a political outsider, with conservative values. his rise was as much a condemnation of previous left leaning governments as a victory for conservatism. in brazil. under his rule, he questioned the role of the supreme court and approved policies that have devastated the amazon rain forest. however, loyalty to his right government remained unconditional among a base dry,

heavily among the police. the armed forces, big businesses and rural land owners. these land owners supported both and all because of his opposition. the workers parties, proposal for land reform and land redistribution. lula, on the other hand, has ruled from 2003 to 2010 after winning to 4 year terms and office, and helped to lift citizens out of poverty. he reduced deforestation by over 70 percent and pundum billions of dollars into social programs to help brazil problems with inequality. he increased minimum wages establish a family grant program that helped millions of families. however, under lula business leaders argued that brazil just lost a competitive edge against international rivals. this actually may lula very popular. however, his success was marred by controversy as he was slapped with corruption charges that originate from

a money laundering investigation known as operation carwash. he was found guilty in 2017, and not allowed to run for reelection in 2018. but the tides soon turned again as brazil supreme court overturned the conviction, citing technicalities. while we all know what that means, these technicalities cited that lula right to a fair trial had been compromised by a biased judge. so what does that stake here, and what does it mean for the future of brazil? and to help us break it down further on how the cost of lula da silva and j year. both scenarios, economic plans have effected brazilians, is william leinster professor of social movement and leader and local coordinator lula de. so let's campaign and fabio nini, journalist and politics editor of fall, how does sol paulo, an author of euphoria and failure of great brazil, both of them joining us from the south. paula brazil, fabio. what's the current status of brazil's economy?

can we compare economies during lula da silva and ministration versus gyre, both snarls government? well, when louis presidents from 2003, 2010, it was a period of strong growth in brazil. lula enjoyed a very favourable and positive i international environments. ah, depressive commodities which are the bulk of brazil's exports, like iron ore, saw bees, but others as well. corn and it was very high at the time. oil us as well. ah, angela benefits from this bonanza, so to speak. both sonata is president drink a much more challenging periods. we've had the pedantic of course, not as the war in ukraine ah, and sobel sonata spirit, the power, it was, had a smaller rate of growth that then lewis. so las campaigning on trying to come back to the good old times of, of his 1st government actually he was,

president twice was re elected, so to governments of mueller and de campaigning on brazil will be a happy country. again, people have food on the table. we have even money for us, mo, barbecue on weekends and so on. and bull sonata air has been affected by a heinz lation and low growth at which is part of a global phenomenon. and both now uses this in this elements as s, as sort of an excuse for what's been going on in brazil. but both nato has also been affected. boston as government has also been affected by his, his very poor response to the pandemic. bosa, brazil ah, had issues buying vaccines for example. and so would the economy was affected by, by, by this. the government's response to the pandemic was recovered

a bit later. den delta didn't was predicted but, but let more more recently are present both are not managed to reprove in congress . a few, a social benefits, a c, e. several measures in congress that are putting more money into the mouth of resilience. 1 and he's also pressure put pressure on, on states to reduce text on fuel for example. so inflation is coming down little bit because the price of fuel of gasoline is coming down. but even if you, spite of this slight improvements in the india comic outlook of brazil the less a few months, the situation still are not very good. so i was not as being affected a lot by the can on the issue. and especially when lula compare situation, we have today brazil to the situation we had when he was the president, the country is very meg,

obviously. and there are substantial financial cost associated with each election cycle. so what are some of these costs and who is ultimately responsible from bearing these costs? very, very straight here because there's a lot it for probably coming to the elections. the last year's last elections, we historically had reached candidates always in advantage in the elections. and now it's if you reduce, you can see it in the streets. you can see that for example, people, people, candidates ah, was good opportunities in his elections because of the quality that public funding brings to the selection. this is the as well. yeah. and my friend bobby has any thank you so much for coming on today from sao paulo, brazil, and after the break, brazil polarizing topics such as abortion rights tax as religion and gun ownership

has been quantified. the cost of the new gun laws and brazil can be counted in dollars. we have another great panel and guess when we come back with at this hour, american and coalition forces are in the early stages of military operations to disarm iraq, to free its people. and to defend the world from great danger. with food and medicines and supplies, and sleeping with

november 22nd 2020 to outraged orthodox christians confronted ukrainian. he service offices entrances and exits the keys. oldest monastery. they were looking for a russian spies among the monks. we mean dealer seaman, those are using the right one. the reason for the brutal crack down one church is parishioners. it's on the song about, oh, it's wrong being reason enough to condemn any old jokes. christian attack, imprison, and even kilo russia. i knew rush up on you to figure out how many miles or new storm raw slider i knew your total thought as you used to stop

a nibble. i used to miss dog and you said you need your saga. ah, there are many polarizing topics and politics these days, abortion rise taxes, religion and gun ownership. they are universal no matter which country you go to. so let's take a closer look at brazil's changing stance on gun ownership. in 2018 the year before july year both scenario became president. brazil had one of the highest homicide rates among the developed countries. $27.00 per 100000 people. this compared with the 5 per 100000 in the u. s. and the point 5 per 100000 in china in 2018 boston are decided that guns will help to defend people. as an equalizer. brazil had since added more than 400000 licensed firearm owners. and these owners had to

undergo a psychological and technical applique to screening show proof of employment and explain why they want a firearm as a prerequisite. so now the big question is with the population of firearm owners more than doubling the violence increase or decrease? instead of surging crime declined sharply in brazil in 3 years. under both scenario, the homicide rate has fallen 34 percent to $18.00 per 100000. that's a pretty impressive, bigger already, but it actually gets better homicide costs society a lot. the impact a psychological and economic and it starts in the detectives on the street trauma surgeon that the hospital, the economic loss of the victim from production and not to mention tourism dollars loss as certain places become deemed unsafe. one study that attempted to quantify this estimates the average economical cost of each homicide to be $17200000.00.

last spring in dr. kristen smith, professor of african and african diaspora studies at the university of texas and fabi as a meanie politics editor of full. how does solve paulo, an author of euphoria and failure of great brazil. so christ and we just talked about the cost of homicide on society and how that figure has been greatly reduced after bolton are changed, the gun ownership laws. what are the other costs associated with this change, such as the firearm exporters who are now taking advantage of this increase in market share? i mean, i think it's important to recognise the conservative back job to this decision. i think that brazil has always had a policy no, no, no private gun ownership. and so this is a huge, it was a huge social change. when he,

when he implemented this particular new law. and i think that the, the aspect of it that are not readily of parents, the people are the fears of vigilantes that are off. so now, circulating wildly because of and so i, i actually hesitate to associate the drop in the homicide rate with gun ownership. i don't think that that actually i personally don't think that that's the connection there. i think that in actuality, there probably would have been a drop in homicide rate anyway. simply because of the cobra. 1900 and then make and other factors in the country. and so i think we have to really be careful to stay at one with the other. but i do know that there is a general sense of fear, a my typically working class folk and particularly people of color to black people

in brazil who really fear vigilante, of them and violence, and particularly racially most close motivated violence at their expense. and so that's one of the things that i think that people don't necessarily see there and also not really understanding that the class and race i mention of gun ownership. and so the most of the people who have been pleased with this decision have been right. and the 1st thing, and that's something to keep in mind. and father, what is our tank on the cost of changing gun ownership and miss al wearable scenarios. one of his main policies doing government has been trying to increase the legal framework for brazilians to own guns and to carry guns a. he's a, he's a, he's a military man. he's a, a retired captain from the army. and he supported by gun owners all around the

country and military and from a policeman and so on. so his so that the issue of guns has been very heavy on ball . so that was agenda has always been very heavy since the day she was a congressman and he was a, a deputy for 28 years. and he had this platform of gun ownership. and his has, his tried to expand it very much. he hadn't be able to do everything that you wanted because some of these degrees and acts were deemed illegal by the supreme court and even by congress. but his manage to change some minor rules that indian have resulted in more brazilians having access to guns and more brazilians have access to ammunition. at the same time, the levels of, of criminality of homicides, especially homicides, has been coming down in brazil. for, for quite some time, brazil's, a levels of truck community are not the best, of course,

but they have been improved the employee for the last 2 years. and i was trying to link one thing to the other, which is, i think, and most pundits believe it's a bit of an exaggeration because the fact that prime has been going on in brazil owes to a lot of things. it's a demographic or change. it's a social economic change, it's, it's a legislation, a change a, but also not has been trying to, to, to, to show a cause and effect relationship between a him, giving more access to brazilians, to guns and this phenomenon he's, he's been repeating this in his campaign allots, but i would say it's to, it's a bit premature to, to stablish this link turning back chris then another big threat to result society is that posed by illegal mining organizations are now pushing for a crackdown on unregulated gold flows. because now illegal mining impact the

sectors reputation. so what are the costs associated with these black market minors? no, definitely. i think this is a huge issue and i actually think it's important to put in legal mining together with other factors like be illegal, seizure of land and climate change before station because all of them go hand in hand. i think that we have to remember that this in the good market around old and my name is very much tied to a desire to disenfranchise indigenous and black people from their lands. in brazil, it is also part partly what speeds and, and kind of phone mans of very wild west approach to the north east, north eastern politics,

north and north eastern politics and the political landscape there. and so a lot of the illegal mining should be associated with large land holding lee and, and corporate official officials, corporate. how do i say this corporate and stakeholder corporate stakeholders on coming in and being able to exploit the environment and ways that you don't have any accountability within the state structure? and i think that's one of the most unfortunate down side of this. i think that is always going to legal. my father isn't illegal lining hurting bazillions.

ultimately it is a huge course. i wouldn't have a number here on top of my mind, but the legal mind is a huge, probably brazil and bo sonata has sympathy for, for these illegal miners. most of these miners are my need the ever. so for example, dish and digitals, lance, which is of course illegal of these illegal miners cause all sorts of, of deforestation, environmental problems, health issues towards the business, people's ha kelly's and so on. both. so that'll defense will center and his allies, especially in the every cultural sector, defense a change in the law. they are, they, they try, they're trying to change the law. there's, it doesn't actually a projects a bill in congress to change the law in order to make it possible for a minor said other economic activities to happen inside indigenous less for

example. but there's huge opposition to this move by the indigenous environmentalists left wing parties and pundits in universities and so on. so it's, it's a big struggle. and chris then another make issue here is still for station in the rain forest, which is often referred to as the lungs of the earth. the for station has skyrocketed under most in r and was reported to have broken all records in the 1st 6 months, a 2022. so what's your take on the issue and how are both candidates addressing this? yeah, i mean, i think deforestation. probably one of the more i mean it's hard church, it's hard to think about what, what are the most alarming after effect of this ministration. but i think deforestation is definitely one of the most alarming. i think that it can, i think it's important to remember that this is part of a general pop in general political plan to

really the stabilize black and indigenous communities to have in special land in the north, the amazon region in the northeast and push on the ways that both allows which have everything to do with his desire to really undo many of the advance that can happen around environmental protection, but also around land. right. and i think that that's something that we cannot, you know, we can't get more and we can't decide. now that this is a multi tiered issue with a multi dimensional. it's more and it has to do with the legal. busy logging in the amazon region, but it also has to be farming and the amazon beach and,

and particularly particularly cattle cattle raising and so farming. and so these 2 industries have been at the root of a lot of the before a station that's been happening in that area. and have also been at the root of undermining the the advance when the indigenous and black residents have had in laying claim to their ancestral man. and so, you know, there's a, there's a way that all of these issues go together. and i think that one of the, one of the pit brought to the conversation has been an attention to environmental dimensions with this. and not a lot of attention to, to the race in class. that means and the counting dimensions of it. and i think you

have to look at them altogether because it's part of a broader violet. and i would actually think that a genocidal aspect of this administration that is undermining the black. in addition, there's population that will be to sustain itself. and. and that has a lot to do with not only as i mentioned before, legal mining, but also legal dami, creating dams in places that devastate and split out communities based if we deforestation, logging, all of these things are leading to devastating flood destabilization of the earth and me by that land live, all of these kind of environmental disasters that are happening in, in the northern and eastern region across the country that are related to deforestation of which we're particularly talking about the amazon. all of these

things that are happening are really part of a broader kind of systematic neglect that supposed not an administration has engaged and not only just also are but also once we incentivize an environmental degradation, which i think is just appalling and alarming. and, and something that we should all be deeply about latin pack. there are. thank you both dr. kristen smith and fabi as a need for joining us today. now, when it comes to brazil's economy, there are winners and losers. this was the most polarized race. in decades, brazil's presidential elections come at a time when latin america's new, pink time appears to be gathering pace. left of center candidates have one

elections in mexico, argentina, bolivia, peru, and honduras. in recent years, this new group of presidents, place climate policies and gender issues at the forefront of their policies. so who will, when, when it's all said and done, will it be the brazilian economy? well, it's people when it's a close call, but it's a fact that the brazilian economy is really starting to struggle now in the aftermath of the pandemic. thanks for watching. i'm christy i and i'll see you next time on the cost of everything ah, atrocities and other countries united states of america is different. wearable people long to be free. they will find a friend in the united states. ah, with

a very busy, sorry city john. you look on the boat, they and say this of each cigarette a few color revolutions is one among several means to reach the goal of conquering foreign lands and bringing them until the helm of usaa weston, economic interests. people been sad, it hadn't that he did when i grow valley, the democrats. yeah. new tunic court date. so no, we just say loaded softball. emery can the final goal of these thing revolutions to ensure that there are no independent players in the world anymore. ah

. ah, in the year of 1954, the united states of america engaged in warfare against the people of vietnam, the white house aborted, the corrupt bobbitt government of southern vietnam. in 1965 americans began their invasion following the aim to defeat the forces of vietnamese patriots. the

pentagon was confident that the victory would be on the american side due to its military superiority. however, the vietnamese turned this war into a total hell for the occupants. unable to cope with guerrillas, the american army started blanket bombing alongside using chemical weapons and napalm which burnt all alive. the village of my lay, where in 1969 american soldiers killed 504 civilians, including 210 children, became a tragic symbol of this war. all in all, during the whole period of this conflict, the usa dropped on vietnam more than $6000000.00 tons of bombs, which is 2 and a half times as much as on germany during the 2nd world war. $973.00, the american army under the pressure of the rebels, withdrew from vietnam. and only 2 years later did the puppet regime in saigon fall

. however, the vietnamese paid a high price for their freedom. more than 1000000 vietnamese people became the victims of american aggressors. ah, china slammed the u. s. for shooting down its weather balloon which floated over their territory. despite its numerous warnings the airship does not pose any threat for american security. also ahead with less than a teaspoon of dry anthrax, a little bit about this amount. this is just about the amount of a teaspoon. we have 1st hand descriptions of biological weapons. factories on wheels and on rails replies that have claimed the lives of hundreds of thousands of innocent iraqis, 20 years since the u. s. i see a basin of iraq at the u. n. we continue our.