the main issue is not that they ratified together. the main issue is that they ratified as full members as soon as possible. while finland's prime minister is seeking the to, to do just thought, stay together in the bid, helsinki, the fence minister said they'd be willing to join the block independently. it comes as turkey has held up sweden's ratification, citing the countries refusal to deport refugees at anchorage deems as terrorists. just weeks ago, i gra, summoned the swedish ambassador following a demonstration in stockholm that saw a right wing politicians burned the koran next to the turkish embassy global efforts, analyst george zamarelli believes nato is failure to move both applications forward will force the block to change its plans finland were joined separately if because president air the guy isn't going to change his position on swim sweden. so they're not before the election and need to really calm,

just cold this you know, in this issue in a bay and month off the month, it's already looked very stupid because it was going to rush this through last summer. it didn't happen because of turkeys. but issues the turkey has res, so it's been the, you know, dragging on and they can't really let this drag over much longer. so they're going to get finland then. and then say, this is a wonderful, great moment. you know, nato expansion continues and we hope that sweden will go in down the road. and that's what i hope that once again gets through the election, then changes, positional sweden, all and the nato is hoping above all, everyone will be defeated in the next election and then wherever succeeds him will basically toss aside the objections with weakness membership. but i think they're going to join separately came before we go, just some med developments in the caucuses. the launch of the

e use new civilian mission in armenia has been slum by moscow. the foreign ministry spokeswoman house described it as nothing but an attempt to weekend russia rule in the region by emphasizing the exclusively civilian nature of the new mission. representatives of the european union are lying. that is revealed within the definition of the use common security and defense policy. unfortunately, this is not the 1st time we've recorded the desire of the european union and the west as a whole, to gain a foothold in our ally armenia by any means. we see in these attempts and exclusively geopolitical background, far from the interests of real normalization of relations in the caucasus. everything is being done to squeeze russia out of the region and weaken its historical role as the main guarantor of security. as we just heard, maria's or her of, of the 1st thing she said was that european officials are lying when they say that this new e u mission to the region is of an exclusively civilian nature. that's because that

this admissions deployment actually serves the interests of the european union's common security and defense policy according to the russian foreign ministry. spokeswoman murray as a. 1 have also said that this is not the 1st time we've seen the west and the european union tried to advance its geopolitical goals in our mania and the wider caucuses region, which historically revisit. this is a place where russia has been the main guarantor of security. now, just to give you a bit of background to open hostilities between armenians, azerbaijan broke out over the new governor car buck region, once again, back in 2020. and it was russia that negotiated the ceasefire. since then, moscow's peacekeeping force in the region has been successful in keeping tensions down. that's because russia is a party that's trusted by both r armenia and azerbaijan. so this new e, you mission to the region, which has representatives from states that are unfriendly to russia, which is said to be frowned upon by azerbaijan, is likely to undo

a lot of that progress that the russian peacekeeping mission has made in the region . and even potentially allow hostilities to escalate once again. and that's where we leave the news rob for noah, but stay close as we're touching base with manila shannon. they modus operandi team next. catch you again. ah, ah ah the hello, i'm manila chan you are tuned into modus operandi this week. the battle for africa

across the continent, a patchwork of political instability, steep in century, the old french colonial past. can modern africa shape its history and carved its own pathway to prosperity without the west? for a better future? we'll delve into the resorts rich continent. all right, let's get into the ammo. the news africans know their history. the massive continent was carved up by a number of empires through several centuries from the mores who ruled the north in the 7th century, a de the dutch down in the south during the 16th century and the french over in the west. in the 17th century, africa was always attractive to imperialist nations, and while french imperialism ended by the late 18, hundreds,

actual full de colonization was said to be completed by get this. the 1900 sixty's . however, its impacts on the former colonies are still being felt today, whether it's be forced purge of native languages or it's entrenched ties on modern day banking systems. the french footprint is a deep one. now, a modern africa is once again seeing the french return. this time a charm offensive by french president emmanuel mac road. in the summer of 2022. he visited cameroon, but nene guinea b. so, algeria, nigeria, and then just months before his trip micro hosted the so called new france, africa summit, where he promised french investments and african businesses to increase influence in a way kind of paying penance for its colonial crimes. but at the same time, trying to maintain its foothold in the region from that very colonialism. so what

are younger african leaders think about this history and their predictions for the future. for that we are being joined by mister l hodge digit here. he's the president of the timber to center. it's a premier think tank and molly, focusing on piece building solutions in the saw how, how hard, thank you for joining us 1st. why does it seem like the world always focuses on, british colonial colonialism, but seem to forget the french history of colonialism as well? does it seem like france sort of gets a path? well, it's really important to let you know that the british colony zation was an indirect role. and then the french colonization was aware by the french colonizer, came even close to the language, impose the way the colonized can countries and any sort of british

colony colonization. they came to africa learning history, culture and colonized african. but in general, clement is ation. it's colonization, there is no good colonization of the which countries in africa saw the french colonize. and what impacts do we still see from that today? can you sort of expand on what that french french influence looks like right now? density and is all about governance level as you see what's going on in, in, in my country. and my, the actually there is a growing and sentiments in the population because since 2012 and there was a conflict in north regional smiley and then for the french force is a leverage. they're not so reasonable smile. it asked us 10 years of

operation. they were there for safety against terrorism, about a population smiley and in general, see, late finish was coming again as a colonizer due to due to their behavior. and due to due to their interest, samson ballistic quality inn and just follow up. so we're clear in molly was the fear of french interference was an justified e. yeah, because they talked about, so there are the state of commodity and also as you know, the spanish, the spanish french forces occasionally not. and mommy was not the result. so it was a failure and a lot of people really point out friends. he was not supporting marty,

talk to us a bit about what's called colonial debt. how does that relate to the infrastructure problems experienced by some of these african countries? now, in west africa, regions, countries that colonized by french, that is that fence that you talking about because yes, today the real merchant colonization area. but we know that there is a lot of friends fans and surprises and molly, initiated with fossil. and then you know how close and those economists dynamics show how and show the nazi and so even talk about, you know, and exploitation of natural resources and stuff that you're talking about and

attitudes when or that friends have my house ties which are error in recent years, let's call them the micron era. there has been renewed interest by the french in various african states. specifically, nigeria. emanuel micron seems to be doing a lot of cording of nigeria on something of a charm offensive. why? yeah, as you know, the french is actually losing and the ex, called on a is like molly and these are so why there is a growing and generation against the french, dns and countries. and now is the way for them to diversify diversified their customers. and then find new passes and that's why it's like trying to build ties with niger. does it have anything to do with nigeria as

natural resources? as we all know, that not a chance in africa and they have a good song and i should like once and just kind of beach or not. sure, yeah. all right, al hodge de jesse is staying with us. now coming up next, we will delve into the finances of some african states under the control of france . is this financial guardianship need it? we'll discuss it when we return, sit tight, the ammo will be right back with her ah, needs to come to russian state will never be. i've stivers, unfortunately, no,

san steve asked me, i'm not getting a group in 55 when. okay, so 9 is 25 will be the one else with will van in the european union, the kremlin media machine, the state on russia for date, and c, r t spoke neck, given our video agency, roughly all band on youtube. and pinterest with me. a forward to talking to you all that technology should work for people. a robot must obey the orders given

by human beings, except where such orders at conflict with the 1st law show your identification. we should be very careful about artificial intelligence at that point obviously is too great trust rather than fear with take on various job and with artificial intelligence. real. somebody with a robot must protect its own existence with mature. is this the best of both? no, he should like for them all the one annual g d p per capita is about 4000 euros a calling animal gold. amelia, with bosco wants to push me off of my upon their

coffee seal, were pursuing chipotle mu prinsloo, which is flooring them all belonged to come also interlude bowers thought they're missing little thought of unemployment is off the child's top. moldova territorial integrity and sovereignty. we respect no bed of the country, which enjoys financial support from the u. s. n. b, you is constantly roth, by political and corruption scandals. oh, but old didn't scope mo, google obtaining you turned it. it's 3232022. ah, ah, welcome back to the m o i manila chant. so french de colonization was completed in

the mid 19 hundreds, several nations in africa seem to still have their finances in strip ably tied to france. predatory loans and financial mechanisms continued to prey upon african nations, subjecting them too onerous debt repayment schemes, forcing them to privatize a key social programs and economic sectors like health care and agriculture and draining the content of its vast resources in minerals and people. it's often referred to as debt trap. diplomacy. a recent report shows that while $30000000000.00 reaches africa in western aid per year, about 6 times that amount leaves the continent. but the i m. f, the international monetary fund and the world bank had been accused of being at the forefront of debt trap, diplomacy. both institutions famously called to account for their lending practices to 3rd world nations by john perkins, author

a b. now infamous book confessions i've been economic hit man. take gonna for an example. recently in the western african nation, the government had a policy of giving subsidies to rice, farmers in the north of the country to develop their industry. but when the i m f and the world bank gave gone much needed loans, one of the stipulations was that it would cut those subsidies using the money instead to finance the loan. and in turn, forcing gonna now to buy rice using the loans from the i, m f, and world bank partner country like the united states at a higher price. the result was the economic impoverishment of the north of ghana and waves of migration to cities in the south. in sub saharan africa, governments average around 5 to 16 percent interest rates on government bonds compared to near 0 rates in the us and europe. such high yield rates punish poor

african nations by devouring a large portion of the government discretionary income, which is already low given that african countries find it incredibly difficult to tax most or even the majority of their populations. the result is indeed properly called a trap. it's a cycle meant to keep african nations in permanent economic bondage to their creditors in the 1st world. but africa does have some prospects, high fertility rates on the continent mean that there will be plenty of young people to drive growing and developing economies in the future. and africa, increasing political independence will allow for increased international cooperation with countries like russia, china, and brazil. now l hodge de jet t a b, tim back to center is staying best. so l hodge. let's talk a little bit about monetary policy. in the former franco africa,

i've seen reports that something like 80 percent of african foreign reserves of these countries are deposited in so called operations accounts, which are controlled by the french treasury. now, by some estimates collectively around half a trillion us dollars are held by french banks and that there are taps on the amount of money the african states are actually allowed to access the official reporting on that is really spotty at best. but there are allegations that if those african states needed more than the a lot of 15 percent of their accounts, then those france french banks can charge interest on their own capital. have you ever heard of anything like this or these reports accurate? yeah, there is a lot of ripples about about the money from when we talk about west africa must have does ex french calling to use what we

call from csr. so this could and it is but a very low and for me at country cannot be developed if it's depend to colonize spanning african countries. was african countries colonized by, by the french needs to have their own could and need to have their own money. an interest set their own on and miles, an international global markets. now, following up on that, what do the locals in the south region say about the french controlling the foreign reserves in the south region where stuff? because there is a growing antique french sentiment about the use of friends and a lot of serious society organizations, really working in the way to raise our nest for gasoline meant to

start collaborating in terms of using defense. if i could m c, and then use their own currency as nigeria then years later, in my class in the synagogue even toggle, there is a lot us in our parents economist advocating for change for those african countries to use their own currency. so as the african union considering really creating their own joint currency, they considering there is a lot of research going on and there is a lot of stocks going on. but i'm to now we can say that is a final decision or a decision about using our own currency. and the west often likes to accuse african countries of being corrupt. does this obfuscate perhaps the

bigger picture of the role the collective west has played in africa? well, it's really important. a correction is everywhere, you go in the wall and as you know, must of must, of people in the wall on a profit by corrupting a government system and institution system are glass was communities are in our mind. so area where you can go, that is corruption. is not only an asset, so you feel the west paint an unfair picture of africa that it. yeah, they can tell when it comes across on the corner of some reaches i. c. k is really easy to play them to play because, you know, most of those african countries are very, very poor, landlocked adage and very poor. so the,

they are not conscious. so there is a lot of bravery. there is a lot of bravery at corruption in governance and also this nuts to say that there is non bravery us in, in year or in england are everywhere. there is kind of some everywhere. but in africa works is really sad. is that combination sometimes don't even have it if i say, so population. but even how basic social service, it is difference in the u. s. within your child, you have mentors in, you know, if you have metals you, you could release and have access to these accesses late, good hospital, late good school, late good health. so circa, this is not the same blanket africa is france losing its ability to sort of project power on to africa, or are these african government learning some lessons from the past and figuring

out how to kind of get the french off their back in international relations there is no friendship, friendship them on the states, that is just an interest. so it's really clear that they have an interest in africa. and that sketch as they used to have with the older generation of those sounds, colonized african african countries is not the seen today. because that is the growing off annual regeneration which are really indicated we understand international relations, which really and the stand international trade. and which really demands channels change in terms of corporation change in terms of a winter, when a collaboration get to index columbia and countries. and that's growing donation

is the least even for change is the anti french sentiment is not against the french populations late this lunch, but it's against the french policies, politics towards africa. from now, the 3rd, the french influence a sort of warrant are, do you think the u. s. is going to step in to fill that void? you know, tongue says leg us can grow and silly and actually demand this a harley and states a new generation. earlier, it's just a population is not saying that a when to when collaboration with any platinum, any come to was interests about africa. french go spend sticking countries must understand that, you know, the narrative change, the must change par id and then the collaboration must be a,

went to the color version. and that's not just a collaboration that benefit from one country to destroy and of another. one of your final thoughts on the matter of africa and the various states on the continent in the way of their desire to move forward in the 21st century towards sovereignty more prosperity. what do people need to know about the region? just to say, never again, colonization was one of the world war war since that can ever happen in history of mankind. and today we are not of colonization. we are in and out of the show, political just says is it and play cation and abstinence process must take into account. the growing new generation of africa was africa because demography were savvy pay so high. and in this new generation is ready to work with

any past all the way until when i ship. this generation is not tragic to gauge. this generation is dedicated shannon immersion and then can put down countries entered a global stage l hodge digits here. thank you. so much for this conversation. so as we can see, sometimes when we say good bye, it doesn't always mean forever or in the case of france. oh wow. it really means the door or see a later. that's going to do it for this week's episode of modus operandi the showed that dig deep in the foreign policy, i'm your host vanilla chan. thanks for tuning and we'll see you again next week to figure out the ammo ah

ah ah, with ah. i really thought that we were going to die on the fly. before i saw i began, i crawled all the way the rates other than i hid behind the desk, told by years before i was even born. and this is had to be done and again and again and again and again, because we will continue to stick with the system. i hear you all good. and only one of them came home. basically we want to make sure that certain was, is, that is true, dangerous, or regular civilian should be in the hands of those people who are and say,

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change and whatever you do, don't watch my show to stay mainstream because i'm probably going to make you uncomfortable. my show is called direct impact, but again, you probably don't want to watch it because it might just change the wayne thing with yet more misery for turkey, too. powerful earthquakes, rock the size of the country on monday. but the authorities reporting some fatalities on ritz entered it comes just 2 weeks after one of the deadliest quakes and the nation's history claimed more than 40000 lives. also had on the program, joe biden makes a surprise visit to kiev and meet with president lensky. the trip comes exactly 9 years after the deadliest day in the my done qu protests which was lost over by the .