an increasing mass shooting as get started. ah, the number of mass shooting is a shocking when you compare the united states with the rest of the world. now, most countries can count on the fingers. how many incidents while the united states of the last decade has amounted to hundreds, those who commit these shootings often a common characteristic of mental illness, psychological problems, a family dysfunction, or a history of various forms of abuse. while these issues are not new to society, the diagnosis of them are specially amongst the you know, quarter the latest data collected by the national child health survey, all between 20032011. there was a 42 percent increase in the diagnosis of a d, h d, all between the ages of 4 to 17 years and with diagnosis comes treatment. and often

it's in the pharmaceutical for. therefore, you can see why there has been some speculation of a link between the increase in medication used to treat mental and psychological issues in math shootings. but is that a fair connection? join me now is chloe carmichael. she's a clinical psychologist, said author of the book, nervous, energy, harvest power of your inside a welcome doctor car, michael. now do you think parents and people in general are right? all the re, skeptical pharmaceutical companies like pfizer and others, given the number of legal cases that have come down, convicting these companies, a fraud and other mouth isn't. absolutely, scotty. i think that it's an almost to parents duty to have at least a healthy level of skepticism, especially when we consider that the journal of molecular psychiatry this past july came out with a groundbreaking analysis suggesting that s s. our eyes may not be as effective at all on depression,

as many of us have previously thoughts in your line of work. what role do as, as her eyes use for anxiety, depression, and h t medicines, like ritalin and adderall play? well, i mean, i think it really depends on the situation. of course, many, many clients really respond to talk therapy studies in the past have often shown that a combination of assets are with talk therapy is actually the most helpful. but i think journal of molecular psychiatry article really has a lot of people wanting to look at some of that research. again, do you ever find they have a positive impact on any of your patients? well, as a clinical psychologist, i don't prescribe medication. i do work in tandem with psychiatrists who do prescribed medication and i oversee some of the treatment together. and i do think in some cases that they are certainly helpful. however, i think, especially with children, it's really important that we look

a little deeper and certainly not jump to medication at all as a substitute for talk therapy. because with young people these days, they're having less and less opportunities for meaningful interpersonal interactions. whether it's because of the rise of screen time, or whether it's because mothers are working more and more and available less than last. as well as the fact that that screen time is becoming a lot more violent and a lot more attention sensitive, meaning every 10 seconds there's a new pop up. so i just think it's really important that we don't look at medication and necessarily as a substitute for an interpersonal interaction. do you think these drugs impact the long term health of patients and potentially damage their brain chemistry permanently? well, that's an interesting question. i mean, we do know, for example, with a lot of the h d medications,

the kids have to go off of them in the summer time so that their physical growth can catch up. because for some reason, a lot of them seem to have negative impacts on the simple physical height of a child. as far as some of the other neurological impacts on the child, it's hard to know, but i would say again, if you're using a drug to do something that you could potentially be training your mind to do, instead learning to control your attention and your focus with your mind and you're turning too soon to a drug, you could be depriving yourself of the opportunity to learn those skills organically. do you think there is a push to get more and more children, especially young boys on age? she medicines are we clinical ising normal adolescent boy behavior? absolutely. i think we used to treat it with discipline and we used to treat it with get outside and run around the house 10 times and burn off that energy. i say this as a boy, mom myself, i have

a wonderful little boy who is full of energy and they're absolutely different than boys and girls. and even making that simple assertion these days has become quite controversial. but yes, i think you're absolutely right that for many teachers, parents, whatever, it's just a lot easier to have a child that is not quite as energetic and talkative and who's just a lot easier to control and to quiet. and so sadly, i think we are path apologizing, just good old fashioned boy energy. in some cases. do you see higher suicidal ideation and people who take aged medicines and f as our eyes? that's an interesting question. i'm not, i'm not entirely sure of that research, but i, i would say that if you're using a d, h d, a medication or as far as to treat something that actually really isn't going to be solved through that medication. then that can be very disheartening for

a child who's taking medication and really not getting perhaps what they really truly need. do you think there's actual evidence of reason to study the link between the violence, like for instance, my shootings and the use of these types of drugs? yes, i do. scotty. in fact, i think it's really important to even think about some of the factors underlying why, as you said, we suddenly have these a d, h d diagnosis is skyrocketing. why we suddenly have so many children on medication and to your earlier point. yes, there is of big pharma industry that profits with every single prescription that is written. and so if we have these young men who maybe are not getting enough quality time, perhaps with their parents who are there in a school system that's overburdened, maybe somebody's throwing, you know, medication at them as a way to just subtle them down. and then they're turning to these video games that

often future violence as a, as a way to just cope or entertain themselves. and children with a d, h, d often do have a more difficult time making social relationships. and so all that time as well that they're spending in video games, there are less socially focused. now some people will say, well, they're, they're making friends with online video game partners. but i think when you're partnering with an online friend over a violent video game, i'm not sure i would necessarily really look at that as a healthy form of friendship. and then more over when we think about, we're in a culture that is normalizing abortion as well. as a decline in religiosity, which is what gives people a moral back stop in a sense of accountability in many cases as well as abortion, of course, suggesting some i would say a casual attitude towards human life. i think that it is a legitimate question to look at these factors in tandem with the rise and mass

shootings. in your view, is there more positive or negative from these types of drugs? you know, that that's, i would have to have, you know, probably access to more data than i have to make a definitive statement about that. but i would definitely say it's important to, to look at medication as a last resort. generally speaking i, we want to start with the least invasive treatment. so before i would look at medication, i would want to say, well, how much adult supervision is this child getting who is teaching this child? how to control their mind? how to relate well with others, how to exercise self discipline and get things done. if there's no adults constantly available for these young children, and we look at medication as a substitute for that. i think we're not only doing a disservice to our children, but we're actually also short changing ourselves because these young children may

not really grow to reach their full potential. what alternatives are there? are there strategies you and others employ that would work better than over prescribing? such powerful drugs to vulnerable children. sure. well one of the 1st things that comes to mind is that there's also an epidemic of obesity, right? which is often connected to a lack of physical activity. and so if a child has a restless energy, again, one of the remedies i might look at is saying, well, how much exercise is that child getting when i look at alternatives as the aside, i mean, exercise, not only of course, burns off our excess energy, but gives us an increase in doping mean and has a lot of other positive factors too, especially if you can get an exercise buddy or get involved in a sports team so that you're also having some positive social interaction. and social interaction has been shown to be a protective resilience factor when trying to ward off mental illness or other

negative stressors in life. you know, as you look around the globe doctor, i have to ask, do you see as many prescriptions and for countries like europe, asia, africa, and what do you think? traditional countries tend to not go down this route of using pharmaceuticals all to solve mental health problems. you know, i think that's a really interesting question. i would imagine it might have something to do, you know, with the f d i, for example, also in europe. it's a lot harder to get to and that genetically modified foods and things like that on the shelf. i think that some of those cultures have a little bit more of a careful attitude about what exactly is going in their bodies. and what exactly is there, you know, connection to nature. they also, you know, have shorter work weeks and values self care and maternal leave and things like that a lot more in general. and i would certainly think that attitude would extend to potentially being too casual in just throwing medication at where it could just be

an energetic, young man. thank you so much. doctor chloe carmichael, author and clinical psychologist to stay tuned. when we come back, more prescription drugs and their possible connection to a violent my shooting right here on the 360, ah huh. ah, l look forward to talking to you all. that technology should work for people. a robot must obey the orders given by human beings, except where such order is that conflict with the 1st law show your identification . we should be very careful about our personal intelligence at that point, obviously is to great trust, rather than fear a take on various job with artificial intelligence. we have so many

with obama protective phone existence, with the claims of the king of the belgians, leopold. the 2nd to the congo were finally authorized by the leading european countries in 1885. in the very heart of the african continent. a state under the rule of the belgian monarch was declared. since the beginning, the congo free state was total may him for the local population and functioned as a universal concentration camp. the majority of the population,

including women and children, were forced to work on the rubber plantations. those who failed to fulfill their quota were beaten and mutilated to keep the congolese people under control. the king set up the so called for spook leak, which were punitive detachments that cast terror on the captured country and its inhabitants. fearing that their subordinates would simply waste bullets hunting for wild animals, the officers demanded that the soldiers gave an answer for every bullet used. and as proof presented a chop hand of an african. it was not uncommon when trying to justify the use of the ammunition, the colonist amputated the hands of not only those who were dead, but also of those who were kept alive. the atrocious exploitation of the congo turned into a real genocide in only 20 years. the policy of the belgians led to the death of nearly 10000000 people alongside the holocaust. that genocide of the congo

population is considered to be one of the grimmest pages kinda history of mankind. ah, welcome back. we're talking about prescription drugs and mass shootings. joining us now as chronologist appear, squires, peter done mine mask her, took place at dunblane primary school. here sterling scotland united kingdom on the 13th of march, 1996. when thomas hamilton shot dead, 16 peoples and one teacher injuring 15, others before kelly himself. it still remains the deadliest mash shooting in british history and following the killings public debates entered on gun control laws and quitting public petitions for ban on private ownership of hand guns and official inquiry which produced the 1996 colon report. what was the outcome of that inquiry and the report? right, well it was, i mean, it was a huge debate. there was

a lot of pressure on either side. there was a very effective community campaign, organized around the parents of the, the, the children killed till the snow drop contain and they lobbied hard for a ban on hung guns. the colon report rather came down the middle of it. it sort of study in details of the problem of gun violence and, and came with a kind of compromise solution that guns for people to take part in sporting activities should be held in storage. secure armor is and then people could take them out to, to, to use them for their sports shooting activities and the gun lobby themselves considered this unworkable. and in the end, i think the kind of compromise solution that cullen was proposing, despite it's,

it's sort of administered, isn't governmental support, was just blown away by, i suppose, public outrage a number of conservative and paid. it was a concern government at the time, broke broke ranks and voted to ban hi cal, the firearms. and then when the labor government case it was close to an election as well, which became an election issue. and in order to sort of steal the, the law and order issue from, from the conservatives. labor supported the idea of a complete plan including $22.00 caliber pistols and they passed the 7th 2nd piece of legislation that effectively banned all bar a very few hand guns that the i q m has had a chef terrorist attacks with the i r a and al qaeda, but the british police force remain largely without guns. why is that?

wow. well, that's a big question. i mean, in a sense that's partly why i'm involved. i do research on gun violence, but i also look place on response policy and practice. and i've, i've researched and written about that my, my feeling is that if, if only we can keep down the level of don't violence, the level of violence directly decrease. if that can be a lid can be kept on that. then the pressure to permanently arm the police routinely on the place will, will be kept under wraps. to some extent, the police have been generally rolling out more and more tasers to frontline officers. and the taser is saying very much is a intermediary weapon less than less than lethal i'm. and in a sense that the whole debate goes back to a very british notion of policing by consent minimum use of force,

placing by consent dots. so debate, of course, there are some people who don't feel that the police are very consensual at all. and certainly the, the police forces we deployed around the world in india and australia and south africa. one very much about placing back incense they were they were garrison forces. the same happened in island, but back home in england and wales, we were very much reserving the very best traditions of placing. and i think there's a certain amount of public support for that. continuing, i don't think arming the place is especially popular. although the media earlier asked the question in the wake of a police killing, so they ask in the hot times i, there's some pressure on the plate from the police themselves, especially in the larger cities, london, manchester, liverpool. to extend arming and we do have around 5 percent of police

officers who are part of what are called on response units, who are meant to be cold if there's a suspicion with a suspect his arm so, so routinely not armed, but on the availability is always there ok, so then why is there a perception that there are little to no mass carriers in the u. k. and europe? what difference in law's practice and traditions or is it really does the lack of media coverage? i think not misperception is inaccurate and there have been 5 mast shootings in the u. k. the most recent 15 people killed only last year and there have been numerous shootings in europe. and a study recently appeared, looking at mass shootings in central and eastern europe, the former former soviet societies. and i think that study covers 70. so

there are, there have been a lot and around the wider world. we've seen them in australia, south africa, brazil, new zealand. you know, this is not a purely american phenomenon. i'd say it's overwhelmingly american phenomenon, but not a purely one. something like 70 percent of the mass shootings world wide occur in the usa. any you as a math curves are 1st reported oftentimes there's if mention of mental illness or the perpetrator. the reporters seldom return to questions of mental illness until the trial is actually reported on. this is because under health was hipaa, which protects a sensitive patient health information from me disclosed with other patients concentra knowledge. do you think there's actually evidence or reason to study the possibly between violence and mass shootings? and he's the pharmaceuticals drugs like as it's our eyes or adhd medicine i think my short answer would be they're not clear. i think i think this is

a very big issue. i think the, this, the studies generally have not been done in sufficient number to give definitive answers on the broader question. yes, i do think there are links between mental health and violence between early childhood trauma and violence. i've, i've, i've looked in the u. k. gang related violence and a nice crime, and it's often the case that the, the people involved in it. this is the thing, as i, the perpetrators, all victims are all troubled by their young lives. they have unresolved issues from their childhood. they lived in very deprived environments there and neglected or abused. and i think that that's a common factor in,

in any studies of serious violence. now whether, whether that's disproportionately, so across the range of violence in relation to mass shootings in particular, i don't think the evidence base is there yet. the has certainly, i agree with you. been a number of cases where, where mental health is, is brought up. but i think, i think this is also part of a, almost a kind of a lay issue of understanding what mental health is. because anyone who does this, we tend to think they, they are not normal in some way. and we then point to psychological troubles, to stresses, to depression, to substance misuse, including prescription drugs and, and all of that has to go into the mix. i don't think we can find, if you like,

unfortunately, phrase, perhaps the silver bullet explains it all. i think it's a complete mess of factors that have cultural, social, psychological dimensions. the need to be kind of put together in the mix to understand the problem. but this is the, the sort of $64000.00 issue for me. i don't think we can rule out the prevalence of, of firearms and the easy access to them. and the way in which mass shooting has become a strange way by which certain people act out there trauma in the usa, in particular parity or anything else you like our audience to now gradually, the, the evidence base is improving. but this thing, this, this whole issue in anything around guns are, you know, you don't have to research, gone very much to realize just how politically polarized it is and how,

how powerful vested interest cit, either side. and the evidence becomes very challenged. and the debates are very parties and, but i think part of what i tried to do and part of the number of colleagues try to do is to try and build that evidence base by which you can make some definitive conclusions and the regular project. others that's being developed and written about read recently called the violence project which, which tries to look at the triggers. the inhibitors, the, the, the, the sort of alerts that are out there and tries to address the kinds of triggering factors that send people off the rails and send them off the rails with a gun that's, that's the dangerous country combination. these issues in themselves. i mean,

we have a, it's right why they recorded a, a nice crime epidemic. now there's a limit to how many people you can kill with a knife and in a sense that's fairly self limiting, but a guns, a whole different ball game. and i think the evidence base is emerging about the kinds of traumas about the kinds of crises that people have about the, the issues i have from the childhood that trigger these kinds of problems. these, these, these massacres, these killings. and what we need to do is, is develop better intelligence about houses within our searches into sept people who are going through those kinds of crises and lots of public health issue. i know lots of people in the state don't like talking about public health issues, but it's, it's people's health that's impacted in the end. and it's some very marginalized isolation, trouble people ultimately that are causing these,

these math shootings and, and i think we could do much better to, to intercept some of them. thank you. there was chronologist peter squires there are very few things in life which are more tragic than the loss of a child, especially if it could have been prevented. i don't find it wrong to question the link between pharmaceutical prescriptions and mass shootings. especially if it does help us prevent future incidents from happening. but you can't just put the blame on one item because like with any other medication, it can be used for the good just as easily as it can reuse the bad. while some look at strict or gun control as the solution, it would be unfair to not only look at the outside factors which society and pop culture of introduced social media, movies, video games, and other outlets which not only promote violence, but also retaliation. she also holds responsibility for the message. they're

continuously sitting our youth. sadly, there is no simple solution to ending mash shootings. however, while mental health has become a focus in this post and era, we should also make sure the easy and obvious solution for one does not make a world a more dangerous place for everyone else. i'm skating you and thank you for watching this addition of 360 be until next time. ah huh. ah ah, ah .

ah, for the 2nd world war affected millions of people during the conflict, the balance of power was held by the leaders of 3 nations. the united kingdom, the united states, and the ussr that die in one day before the dead man tried christa keep up as not because hitler was weak and knew he would wait and he was bluffing. he was the major political figure. certainly one of the most prominent political leaders of the 20th century when they wish to report the germans of the germans or

when we support the russians. and that way, let them destroy each other. there was that kind of sentiment in the west at this time. the redrawing of european borders had begun britain and the united states, and then just any plan to attack the ussr of britain to survive. russia had to be sacrifice these as doctor b like and dish davis, mr. boy from us was the luck with some ricardo, capital, and mitchell knowledge of knowing that the cold war had begun with russia, each part of europe, intellectually, politically, even in going to war pier, went styling was accused of isolating. russia with his 5 year flies in. so was styling never wanted to exclude does exclude russia from western pain from western economist,

ah ah, ah ah, the 2 main opposition parties in nigeria call to nullify that presidential elections stating that police results all right. sham on that the voting process has been manipulated. will go live to nigeria for reaction in moments. also the head of russia house in the central african republic who was injured in an assassination attempt in december talks to archie now from local law enforcement. publish these details with this big feel.