estate sa, says south africa as its own exclusive, the sphere of influence. salvation has been glory, retrieve that africa, asha and china. us may be feeling as a decline, yampa alone, empire gets. somehow, it is bigger than that. irrelevant isn't useless. feels that it must still, in some ways to try and reclaim it. suppose at home on the politics. opposite african, the united states does on hitler. i t to disrupt the into south again. her so glenn state. so it's people with its territory also wiped her bridge off america to have palm suits africa. oh, presently exercising. it's a so greg democratic guide when america, as he is so aggressive in setting up military base,

of course, the region of subsided up and the entire content. right. delving into the question that few in the mainstream media seem to want to breach next. not of the possible link between us school shootings. an empty to present drugs, which are new, show the 360 few big topic. well, let's try that. ah, ah, ah russia each part of europe, intellectually, politically, even in being to war, peter went styling, was accused of isolating. russia with his 5 year applies and so was styling never wanted to exclude does exclude russia from western plains,

from western economist. ah oh, i'm sorry to hear that on today that 360 be we're going to question whether there's a link between the psychiatric drugs being prescribed to use an increasing mass shooting. let's get started. ah. the number of mass shooting and academic setting is a shockey. when you compare the united states with the rest of the world, now most countries can count on their fingers. how many incidents by the united states of the last decade has amounted to hundreds. does it commit these shootings often a common characteristic of mental illness, psychological problems, a family dysfunction or history of various forms of abuse. while these issues are

not new to society, the diagnosis of them are specially amongst the you know, quarter the latest data collected by the national child health survey. all between 20032011. there was a 42 percent increase in the diagnosis of a d, h d, all between the age of 4 to 17 years. and with diagnosis comes treatment. and often it's in the pharmaceutical for. therefore, you can see why there has been some speculation of a link between the increase in medication used to treat mental and psychological issues in math shootings. but is that a fair connection? joining me now, is it chloe carmichael. she's a clinical psychologist, said author of the book, nervous, energy, harvest power of your inside a welcome, dr. michael. now do you think parents and people in general are right? all the re, skeptical pharmaceutical companies like pfizer and others, given the number of legal cases that have come down,

convicting these companies of fraud and other malfeasance. absolutely, scotty, i think that it's almost to parents duty to have at least a healthy level of skepticism, especially when we consider that the journal of molecular psychiatry this past july came out with a groundbreaking analysis suggesting that as our eyes may not be as effective at all and depression, as many of us have previously thoughts in your line of work. what role do s s r, i's huge for exciting depression and 80 age, the medicines like ritalin and adderall, play well, i mean i think it really depends on the situation. of course, many, many clients really respond to talk therapy studies in the past have often shown that a combination of assets are with talk therapy is actually the most helpful. but i think journal of molecular psychiatry article really has a lot of people wanting to look at some of that research. again,

do you ever find they have a positive impact on any of your patients? well, as a clinical psychologist, i don't prescribe medication. i do work in tandem with psychiatrists who do prescribe medication and i oversee some of the treatment together. and i do think in some cases that they are certainly helpful. however, i think, especially with children, it's really important that we look a little deeper and certainly not jump to medication at all as a substitute for talk therapy. because with young people these days, they're having less and less opportunities for in meaningful interpersonal interactions. whether it's because of the rise of screen time, or whether it's because mothers are working more and more and available less and less, as well as the fact that that screen time is becoming a lot more violent and a lot more attention sensitive meaning every 10 seconds there's a new pop up,

so i just think it's really important that we don't look at medication and necessarily as a substitute for an interpersonal interaction. do you think these drugs impact the long term health of patients and potentially damage their brain chemistry permanently? well, that's an interesting question. i mean, we do know, for example, with a lot of the h d medications, the kids have to go off of them in the summer time so that their physical growth can catch up. because for some reason, a lot of them seem to have negative impacts on the simple physical height of a child. as far as some of the other neurological impacts on the child, it's hard to know, but i would say again, if you're using a drug to do something that you could potentially be training your mind to do, instead learning to control your attention and your focus with your mind and you're turning too soon to a drug, you could be depriving yourself of the opportunity to learn those skills

organically. do you think there is a push to get more and more children, especially young boys on age? she medicines are we clinical ising normal adolescent boy behavior? absolutely. i think we used to treat it with discipline and we used to treat it with get outside and run around the house 10 times and burn off that energy. i say this as a boy, mom myself, i have a wonderful little boy who is full of energy and they're absolutely different than boys and girls. and even making that simple assertion these days has become quite controversial. but yes, i think you're absolutely right that for many teachers, parents, whatever, it's just a lot easier to have a child that is not quite as energetic and talkative and who's just a lot easier to control and to quiet. and so sadly, i think we are path apologizing, just good old fashioned boy energy. in some cases. do you see higher suicidal ideation and people who take aged medicines and f. s our eyes?

that's an interesting question. i'm not, i'm not entirely sure of that research, but i, i would say that if you're using a d, h d, in medication, or as far as to treat something that actually really isn't going to be solved through that medication. then that can be very disheartening for a child who's taking medication and really not getting perhaps what they really truly need. do you think there's actual evidence of reason to study the link between the violence, like for instance, my shootings and the use of these types of drugs? yes, i do. scotty. in fact, i think it's really important to even think about some of the factors underlying why, as you said, we suddenly have these a d, h d diagnosis is skyrocketing. why we suddenly have so many children on medication and to your earlier point. yes,

there is of big farm industry that profits with every single prescription that is written. and so if we have these young men who maybe are not getting enough quality time, perhaps with their parents who are there in a school system that's overburdened, maybe somebody's throwing, you know, medication at them as a way to just subtle them down. and then they're turning to these video games that often future violence as a, as a way to just cope or entertain themselves. and children with a d, h, d often do have a more difficult time making social relationships. and so all that time as well that they're spending in video games, there are less socially focused. now some people will say, well, they're, they're making friends with online video game partners. but i think when you're partnering with an online friend over a violent video game, i'm not sure i would necessarily really look at that as a help the form of friendship. and then more over when we think about, we're in

a culture that is normalizing abortion. as well as a decline in religiosity, which is what gives people a moral back stop in a sense of accountability in many cases as well as a portion of course, suggesting some i would say a casual attitude towards human life. i think that it is a legitimate question to look at these factors in tandem with the rise and mass shootings in your view, is there more positive or negative from these types of drugs? you know, that, that's i, i would have to have, you know, probably access to more data than i have to make a definitive statement about that. but i would definitely say it's important to, to look at medication as a last resort. generally speaking i, we want to start with the least invasive treatment. so before i would look at medication, i would want to say, well, how much adult supervision is this child getting who is teaching this child?

how to control their mind? how to relate well with others, how to exercise self discipline and get things done. if there's no adults constantly available for these young children, and we look at medication as a substitute for that. i think we're not only doing a disservice to our children, but we're actually also short changing ourselves because these young children may not really grow to reach their full potential. one alternative or there are other strategies that you and others employ that would work better than over prescribing such powerful drugs to vulnerable children. sure, well, one of the 1st things that comes to mind is that there's also an epidemic of obesity, right, which is often connected to a lack of physical activity. and so if a child has a restless energy, again, one of the remedies i might look at is saying, well, how much exercise is that child getting when i look at alternatives as the aside, i mean, exercise, not only of course, burns off or excess energy,

but gives us an increase in doping mean and has a lot of other positive factors too, especially if you can get an exercise buddy or get involved in a sports team so that you're also having some positive social interaction. and social interaction has been shown to be a protective resilience factor when trying to ward off mental illness or other negative stressors and life. you know, as you look around the globe doctor, i have to ask, do you see as many prescriptions and for countries like europe, asia, africa, and why do you think traditional countries tend to not go down this route of using pharmaceuticals all to solve mental health problems you know, i think that's a really interesting question. i would imagine it might have something to do, you know, with the f d a, for example, also in europe. it's a lot harder to get. you met genetically modified foods and things like that on the shelf. i think that some of those cultures have a little bit more of

a cheerful attitude about what exactly is going in their bodies. and what exactly is there no connection to nature. they also, you know, have shorter work weeks and values self care and maternal leave and things like that a lot more in general. and i would certainly think that attitude would extend to potentially being too casual in just throwing medication at where i could just be an energetic, young man. thank you so much for chloe carmichael, author and clinical psychologist to say, tune when we come back more prescription drugs and our possible connection to a violent my shooting right here on the free. ah huh. ah, ah.

in 1884. the german empire began its colonial invasion into namibia from the very start. berlin encouraged the white colonists to settle in south west africa and take away the best land from the local tribes. the germans were actively draining natural resources and using the local population as a cheap labor source. this was causing major protests and led to a rebellion. in 19 o 4, the hero and nama tribes rebelled against german colonial rule. kaiser wilhelm, the 2nd was fully determined and ordered to suppress the rebellion with the utmost severity against the inhabitants of namibia. germany through is 15000 well equipped army. all around the country concentration camps were built. in humane medical

experiments over citizens were conducted within the period of 4 years. the germans killed up to 60000 people, among which there were 80 percent of the hero tribe, and 50 percent of the nama tribe. the events in south west africa are called the 1st genocide of the 20th century, and not without reason are compared to the holocaust just 2 decades later after the massacre in namibia hitler's assault unit put on the same brown colonial uniform which post the world into the chasm of the 2nd world war ah, welcome back. we're talking about prescription drugs and mass shootings. joining us now as chronologist appear, squires, peter done mine mask her took place at dunblane primary school near sterling

scotland united kingdom on the 13th of march, 1996. when thomas hamilton shot dead, 16 peoples and one teacher injuring 15 others before killing himself. it still remains the del, this mash shooting in british history of all the killing public debate centered on gun control laws, including public petitions for bound private ownership of hand guns and official inquiry which produced the 1996 colon report. what was the outcome of that inquiry in the report? right, well, it was, i mean, it was a huge debate. there was a lot of pressure on either side. there was a very effective community campaign organized around the parents. it's the, the, the children killed the snow dog campaign and they lobbied hard for a ban on hung guns. the colon report rather came down the middle of it. it's sort of studied in details of the problem of gun violence and, and came with

a kind of compromise solution that term guns for people to take part in sporting activities should be held in storage. secure armor is and then people could take them out to, to, to use them for their sports shooting activities and the non lobby themselves considered this unworkable. and in the end, i think the kind of compromise solution that cullen was proposing, despite its it's sort of administrative, governmental support was just blown away by, i suppose, public outrage, a number of conservative and paid. it was a conservative government at the time, broke broke ranks and voted to band high cal the firearms. and then when the labor government case it was close to an election as well, which became an election issue. and in order to sort of steal

the, the law and order issue from, from the conservatives. labor supported the idea of a complete ban including a $22.00 caliber pistols. and they passed the 7th 2nd piece of legislation that effectively banned all bar a very few hand guns that the i q m has had a chef terrorist attacks with the i r a and al qaeda. but the british police force remain largely without guns. why is that? wow, well, that's a big question. i mean, in a sense that's partly why i'm in vogue i. i do research on gun violence, but i also look place on response policy and practice. and i've, i've researched and written about that. my, my feeling is that if, if only we can keep down the level of don't violence, the level of violence directly decrease if that can be a lid can be kept on that. then the pressure to permanently arm the police

routinely on the place will, will be kept under wraps. to some extent, the police have been generally rolling out more and more tasers to frontline officers. and the taser is saying very much is a intermediary weapon less than less than lethal i'm. and in a sense that the whole debate goes back to a very british notion of policing by consent, minimum use of force policing by consent. that's the debate, of course, there are some people who don't feel that the police are very consensual at all. and certainly the, the police forces we deployed around the world in india and australia and south africa. one very much about placing back incense they were they were garrison forces. the same happened in island, but back home in england and wales, we were very much reserving the very best traditions of placing. and i think

there's a certain amount of public support for that. continuing, i don't think arming the place is especially popular. although the media are only ever asked the question in the wake of a police killing. so they ask in the hot times i, there's some pressure on the plate from the police themselves, especially in the larger cities, london, manchester, liverpool. to extend arming. and we do have around 5 percent of police officers who are part of what are called on response units. who are meant to be cold if there's a suspicion which i suspect his arm so, so routinely not harmed, but on the availability is always there. okay, so then why is there a perception that there are little to no mass carriers in the u. k. and europe, what difference in laws practice and traditions or is it really does the lack of

media coverage? i think not. misperception is inaccurate and there have been 5 mast shootings in the u. k. the most recent 15 people killed only last year and there have been numerous shootings in europe. and a study recently appeared looking at mass shootings in central and eastern europe, the former former soviet societies. and i think that study covers 70. so there are, there have been a lot and around the wider world. we've seen them in australia, south africa, brazil, new zealand. you know, this is not a purely american phenomenon. i'd say it's not overwhelmingly american phenomenon, but not a purely one. something like 70 percent of the mass shootings world wide occur in the usa. any you ask for math curves are 1st reported. oftentimes there's this

mention of mental illness or the perpetrator. the reporters seldom return to questions of mental illness until the trial is actually reported on. this is because under health was hipaa, which protects a sensitive patient health information from me disclosed with other patients concentra knowledge. do you think there's actually evidence or reason to study the possible link between violence and mass shootings? and he's the pharmaceuticals drugs like as it's our eyes or adhd medicine. i think my short answer would be they're not clear. i think i think this is a very big issue. i think the, the, the studies generally have not been done in sufficient number to give definitive answers on the broader question. yes, i do think there are links between mental health and violence between

early childhood trauma and violence. i've looked in the u. k. gang related violence and a nice crime. and it's often the case that the, the people involved in it. this is the thing, as i, the perpetrators, all victims are all troubled by their young lives. they have unresolved issues from their childhood. they lived in very, deprived environments there and neglected or abused. and i think that that's a common factor in, in any studies of serious violence. now whether, whether that's disproportionately, so across the range of violence in relation to mass shootings in particular, i don't think the evidence base is there yet. the has certainly i agree with you, been a number of cases where where mental health is brought up. but i think

i think this is also part of a, almost a kind of a lay issue of understanding what mental health is. because anyone who does this, we tend to think they, they are not normal in some way. and we then point to psychological troubles, to stresses, to depression, to substance misuse, including prescription drugs and, and all of that has to go into the mix. i don't think we can find if you like, unfortunately, phrase perhaps the silver bullet explains it all. i think it's a complete mess of factors that have cultural, social, psychological dimensions. the need to be kind of put together in the mix to understand the problem. but this is the, the sort of $64000.00 issue for me. i don't think we can rule out the prevalence of, of firearms and easy access to them. and the way in which mass shooting has

become a strange way by which certain people act out there trauma in the usa, in particular parity or anything else you would like our audience to now gradually, the, the evidence base is improving. but this thing, this, this whole issue in anything around guns are, you know, you don't have to research guns very much to realize just how politically polarized it is and how, how powerful vested interest cit, either side. and the evidence becomes very challenged. and the debates are very parties and, but i think part of what i try to do and part of the number of colleagues try to do is to try and build that evidence base by which you can make some definitive conclusions. and then the regular project,

other that's been developed and written about read recently called the violence project which, which tries to look at the triggers. the inhibitors, the, the, the, the sort of alerts that are out there and tries to address the kinds of triggering factors that send people off the rails and send them off the rails with a gun that's, that's the dangerous country combination. these issues in themselves. i mean, we have a, it's right why they recorded a, a nice crime epidemic. now there's a limit to how many people you can kill with a knife and in a sense that's fairly self limiting, but a guns, a whole different ball game. and i think the evidence base is emerging about the kinds of traumas about the kinds of crises that people have about the, the issues they have from the childhood that trigger these kinds of problems. these,

these, these massacres, these killings, ok. and what we need to do is, is develop better intelligence about how to spot advance search, intercept people who are going through those kinds of crises. i'm a mass of public health issue. i know lots of people in the mistake don't like talking about gun bones, public health issues, but it's, it's people's health that's impacted in the end. and it's some berry, marginalized isolation, trouble people, ultima who that are causing these. these are my shootings and, and i think we could do much better to, to intercept some of them. thank you. there is chronologist that peter squires there are very few things in life which are more tragic than the loss of a child, especially if it could have been prevented. i don't find it wrong to question the link between pharmaceutical prescriptions and mass shootings. especially if it does

help us prevent future incidence from happening. but you can't just put the blame on one item because like with any other medication, it can be used for the good just as easily as it can be used for the bad. while some look at strict or gun control as the solution, it would be unfair to not only look at the outside factors which society and pop culture have introduced. social media movies, video games in other outlets, which not only promote violence, but also retaliation should also holds responsibility for the message. they are continuously sitting our youth. sadly, there is no simple solution to ending mash shootings. however, what mental health has become a focus in this post pandemic era. we should also make sure the easy and obvious solution for one does not make a world a more dangerous place for everyone else. i'm gonna use and thank you for watching this edition at 360 view, until next time. oh ah,

[000:00:00;00] ah . ah russia each part of europe, intellectually, politically, even in being to war, peter, when styling was accused of isolating russia with his 5 year plan. and

so, styling never wanted to exclude does exclude russia from western pain, from western economist, ah ah, the 2 main opposition parties in nigeria called to nullify the presidential elections, stating that preliminary results are a sham, not the voting process has been manipulated. also ahead on the program a large protest they're wrapped in moldova with dollars in taking to the streets to demand the resignation of both the country president and they pro government for