course it will be interesting to see how the country's golden live industry will continue in becoming is made. it would be our reporting for our team in had at a symbolic. now the story continues online right now at auto dot com. in the meantime, from all of us here at auto international headquarters in moscow, thanks for joining us. we are banks ah, ah, with

the medical waste is actually a huge environmental issue. and with the pandemic, personal protective equipment or p p e waste has skyrocketed. i'm because the i and you're watching the cost of everything. where today we're going to be examining what happens to all of the medical ways generated every year from hospitals clinic and now individuals wearing their p p. ah, according to a recent study, the global medical waste management market is projected to beach $16000000000.00 by

2029. medical waste is the waste produced in any health care or diagnostic activity and can be hazardous or non hazardous due to the various contaminants it has come in contact with hospitals, research labs and nursing homes generate a high amount of medical waste. and depending on what type of waste it is, if it's infectious ways pathological waste, chemical, waste, sharp objects, pharmaceutical waste, or even radioactive waste, it is all treated differently. hospitals and health care facilities typically generate a lot of ways which can transmit infections, particularly h, i v, b and c, and tetanus to people who handle it or come in contact with it. key components in waste management includes collection, transportation, storage treatment, and recycling. waste is the 1st collected in various container sources and you

often see different colored or labeled bins for collecting sharp objects. bio hazard waste goes into another bin and gowns, gloves, and masks go in another. this segregation reduces the amount of waste that need special handling and treatment. storage is also important for the segregated waste as storage and hospitals is generally between 12 to 24 hours before it is transported out. and it needs to be clearly labeled to show the ward where it's kept. so if needed, the waste can be traced back to its source. next, waste is transported for treatment, usually accompany bice and signed and dated for accountability. special vehicles must be used as to prevent access to and direct contact with the waves by the transportation operators scavengers, and the public drivers must also be trained in the procedure in case there is an accidental spillage. finally, the waste is treated based on his category. the waste must be disposed of by

incineration or plasma pyrolysis sanitary landfill, or pit things like scalpels will undergo sterilization via gamma. radiation are autoclave. now both incineration and plasma pyrolysis produce gas pollutants. and given all of this hospitals, they're paying a lot for proper waste management. $7000.00 tons of solid waste are generated in the us every day at a cost of $10000000000.00 per year. on average, it costs hospitals to, to $0.06 per pound for solid waste disposable. $0.30 to a $1.25 per pound for bio hazardous and infectious waste. and between $1.00 to $6.00 per pound for hazardous waste. the global medical waste management market experience tremendous pressure during the coven 1900 pandemic, due to the high usage of p, p. u equipment. there is also a large amount of diagnostic test kits. disinfectants, chemicals,

and vaccine meals, all of which produce waste. after one time usage, there's a large concern about the hazardous medical waste produced and the risks of contamination associated with waste management. according to the w h l over 10000 tons of extra medical waste has been generated in response to coven 19 over 9000000000 doses of co. the vaccine have been administered globally, producing over a 145000 tons of additional medical waste. in the form of syringe niels and safety boxes, over a 140000000 diagnostic test gets generated over 2600 tons of medical ways. and for more, let's bring in satish sin ha, associate director at toxics link in new delhi, india. so san ha, thank you so much for joining us from the other part of the world. how much waste is generated from the coven 19 pandemic? globally?

it was, i choose. oh, it. oh, shy lynch too. all of us were watching on these issues. initially, we didn't know what was happening, it was quite overwhelming to see the kind of history just being generated because none of us had any knowledge of this pandemic. then what is the level of infection anybody that isn't? so there was a strong kind of thing and then he was, we were trying to find out was, should be the political for this kind of beast that was run 1st. what should go there? how should you deal with it? it multiply, maybe fall in the different stages. that was in 20, i think 29 to 20, 20 march or sometime in india. we had the 1st case in january and slowly and gradually started to increase. so that was the 1st thing, but oh, but the global database suggests that it went out almost bible types total to which

generation and what the one of the biggest constituents of this waste was also cost if you and was trying to, you know, they were locked on conditions the people are staying at home, they wanted everything to be received and sanitized condition. and you know, the kind of things that were leaching hospital were also to be sanitized conditions . so there was too much of blasting which will exits of amount of plastic which was being used in those days. so that was one 1st roster and that with allies to requesting. but there were other kinds of list that had to happen, like t o, p, p face mask face shield gloves are full debuse, so which one of different materials and different points of time. so all that started to happen a w, h was on data, and then there were other things like, you know, i don't think it's then and then your vaccinations,

the number of simon just that the word used. so if you look at the spread on the quantum off, ah, hospital recoupment and that we're used to industries, is phenomenally, the large, are this, is that about 200 for a clear that about, 08000000 tons of offer, you know, least were generated groups. and is there a way to make waste management more efficient and eco friendly or is waste this kind of waste inevitably a by product of the medical industry. it's hard to see that it can be made you go friendly, but yes, there are days of deducing beast or treating race and making it more, you know, you can handle it better so that it doesn't go out into the ocean. so it doesn't guardian. but the fact remains that you will have infectious waste generation for

costs, i think is hard to say at least from our experience of working on this that up by year. so. and so you would not have an infectious face, natural hospital, or they're all be treated at dispos talk within the hospital settings. perhaps that can be possible. but what experience may bring to the table in the blocking economies is that hospitalized can be matched. it can be deduced, and that's what i said. my opening statement was that only about 15 percent of the hospital waste is actually affected. and if i give to her figure, oh, it varies from country to country, all of his cherish. ah, if you ask me about india, who is generational but bid is about point 8. kitty's or intended graphs 7 to 800 maps on an average from primary healthcare facilities to low a daughtry her can facility it can vary, but i'm giving an average data about 7 to 800 graphs. if i go to the data from

united states, i did go for data from you, i didn't from canada, it goes up to 8 pages, permit faster difference. so again, the question comes up is how do you minimize me? so if you can safely gateways at the point of generation, like we do in our country, we have a port upon of separating wrist. at the point of childish so much of the plastic, much of the glass that we generate, we decontaminated and we bring it back into the supply chain. again, our plastics be shredded. we make balance out of him and we bring it back into plastic receipts. so that is a way to deal with in an environmental e some condition and be decontaminated either chemically or internal processes. there's an all o protocols which have been laid out by the public channel. so, and there are other kinds of other governments on so another value such as should were given out is good. and what do you think the trend is moving forward as

surgical enhancements become cheaper and more readily available? he does make dinner was, which is also of you forward for a human kind that you need cheaper medical facilities to for people, especially in countries like almost where there are so many poor people who can get medical to because they can't afford it. so imagine it, all poor people get medical help, which is available to them and which is cheap and affordable. it is a big, you know, big boom for many people in countries like ours. so i look forward to our cheaper chemical as i think cheaper medical facilities are a treatment possibilities. yes, it is going to generate some feast. it will generally beast. but it is also important to understand that as me progress as a society is and communities and all nations, we will need to find

a way to deal with best waste is a big problem, not only medical based on infectious waste. all kinds of this is a problem, but we cannot have us tuition where because of medical ah, treatment, it cheaper. we will compromise on risk management or just because of it is going to go up. it is going to look not in very significant way because our, i, it'll go up such to some extent, but we should be able to manage it. i think we are in a stage where we have to know out and be have the technology and only it requires some amount of push and political aptitude to deal with this kind of fist. and how do you think the medical industry compares with other industries in terms of waste generator? look, one of the primary difference that you have between all kinds of a book. i would say industrial waste, other than household ms industrial wrist. and this waste, which is from the, are from the industry are both, are in many ways hazardous,

many of his hazardous, i'm not saying that all i'll waste is hazardous, but the similarities that water mid hazardous, the biggest difference is that hospital, which is a large part of it, or a small aunt on, but the most dangerous part of it is infectious. it is likely to cause infection to another human being ought to other living beings, not as one difference that i can immediately suggest. and in the case of industry raised, you again have a protocol or other kinds of is to managing those beast and are so you can recover the lot of face today because we're talking about. so glad do you thought would contemplate some grant clarity. so a lot of fleas from the industrial sector not only been sector or automobile at the end of his life, can be not brought back into different confidence. the hospital least also in

multiple ways can be recycled and we used other them doors which we'll have to insulate that is local. you cannot do anything beyond that. so you will have to dispose of talking to man that does not cause any environmental or human. so that is the big difference between both both talk has a does both have a problem both need to be managed, but a lot of ways to the industrialized are process ways can be covered today. and you have to find ways to deal with that. can be brought back. that's what the economy, in this case also a lot of plastic glass and metric can be brought back and put back into the process of supply chain and into my tv. the chain materials can be put back to tech. thank you so much for your time to test a stick around. as there's more to discuss about the non hazardous waste and its

impact in the waste management market. after the break, we'll discuss how operating rooms contribute to the huge amount, a medical waste and compare the amount of bio waste generated from plastic surgery versus other surgical procedures. don't go away. ah, a time. at the end of the 18th century, great britain began to conquer and colonize australia. from the very beginning of the british penetration to the continent, natives were subjected to severe violence and deliberate extra patient. according to modern historians, in the 1st 140 years,

there were at least 270 massacres of local b. both any resistance to the british was answered with doubled cruelty. hundreds of natives were killed for the murder of one settler. indigenous australians were not considered complete people. no wild beast of the forest was ever hunted down with such unsparing perseverance as they are. men, women and children are shot whenever they can be met with squatter. henry myrick wrote in a letter to his family in england, in 1846. australia's bass is rightly described as blood soaked and races. if at the beginning of colonization, there were one and a half 1000000 indigenous people living on the continent, then by the beginning of the 20th century, their number had decreased a 100000 people. despite the indisputable historical facts. the problem of full recognition of the crimes of white australians against aborigines has not been resolved so far. as to what we've

got to do is identify the threats that we have. it's crazy confrontation, let it be an arms race is on offense. very dramatic development. only personally, i'm going to resist. i don't see how that strategy will be successful, very difficult time time to sit down and talk ah, welcome back to the cost of everything. the non hazardous waste segment is expected to account for the largest share of the global medical waste management market. then pager factor contributing to the segments large market share is the increased surgical procedures globally. globally 310000000 major surgeries are performed each year with 15000000 in the u. s. and 20000000 in europe. the most common surgery

performed is a c section as they have become 500 percent more common over the last generation. plastic surgery is also on the rise increasing by 55 percent with esthetic surgery and liposuction being the most popular facial plastic surgery treatments as of dramatically with an estimated 1400000 procedures done in the past year. a 40 percent from the year prior photoshop instagram filters and people spending more time on zoom and tick tock has distorted people's view of their faces and 79 percent of facial plastic surgeons identify patients seeking procedures for improved appearance on video conferencing or social media. surgeons have cited that we've moved static image filters to a more zoom. this morphia being the major motivator as it continues to impact the way we view ourselves and present to our peers. operating rooms contribute a huge amount of medical waste. the bio waste is then transported to the waste

treatment facilities and incinerated. the incineration process alone produces a huge amount of emissions. one kilogram of clinical waste produces roughly 3 kilograms of carbon dioxide. and the single patient hospital bed produces point $87.00 pounds of waste per day, across a $100000.00 hospital beds. that would be over 235000 kilograms, a seals to produce a day. now for more, let's bring in again, such sin ha, associate director at toxic ling in new delhi india. now, so tish, how much does it cost hospitals to get rid of this bio waste? and how is it then disposed of in india, the biomedical waste management in the hospital is largely done on the bed, the strength. so each bed is a cost to the hospital as far as biomedical waste generation is concerned and his

treatment of the school is concerned. so it varies from a state to state, from region to region, even in the country like india. but on average, i would say that is about 7 to each of these, but the but it, so if you had a 100 bit it hospital, you'd be spending about $7.00 to $800.00 indian bees. and that comes to about just about $10.00 or 20 dollars to dollars 40 for a 100 bit hospital. so it goes up people up to 300 for an appointment. it hospital, it keeps going up. or, you know, it could be in that region for about $7.00 to $10.00 rupees, but it, so it is calculated in those terms and there are other ways of calculation or no. but roughly, i would say that this is the benchmark for calculation of face of monetary expenditure on risk management. so how much waste can a hospital actually recycle, given the nature of bio waste and risk of contamination?

isn't infectious waste. and let me clarify here that all the least that he generated from hospital is not infectious, is just about 15 to 20 percent of the waste, which is infectious. so if you can segregate your best at that point of generation, then you reduce your quantum of infectious base to trish. so this is a point that b follow quite ah, strictly in india about segregation appraised at the point of generation. like when i see that non infectious wheezed, like when you get a newspaper in the hospital or somebody gives you a few hours or you have something else or you get some bring some of you know, food item or something within the hospital, you have somebody as a book, it doesn't become infectious just because it is within the hospital. these are generally lease. but what becomes infectious is which is not bandages or are, you know, sewage is, are all kind of equipments. we are moving r i, the tubes,

ivy watkins. they could become infection, so that is a kind of fist that requires a separate kind of protocol for his management. so what is the quantity of hospital risk that can be recycled or the plan be processed? i think most of the plastic waste and glass feast, which agenda entered in the hospital. if it is decontaminated through a process, then it can be the cycle so about, i would say about 20 percent of the wrist is recyclable. if we can decontaminated and leaves it and i, there are countries that lack proper maya waste management protocols and one of hospitals can't afford to have those protocols and equipment in place. so in, in, in, in, in countries like ours are in the region. you know, the health care system is operating on 2 planes. it is both in the central public,

a health and pulse, and the private sector, both public and private sector soccer, him in for cities. most countries are in the public. a public sphere. i think the money is to be put in by the government. it is public and so money is put in by the governments for everything that includes risk management. also in the private sector where the private sector, though individual or hospital from audra, sal owners would have to take care of the risk management. so these are 2 separate areas from the funding comes to hospitals for chris management also. ah. so it has to be the cost of his management has to be interest in the process of treatment or the cost of treatment for what you're providing to patients. book wouldn't bookcases. so unless you have that sufficient amount of funds allocated all these things to waste management, it can become a challenge. and many cases, when we started out initially, even in india, we had

a challenge of our having the funds, availability for wisdom. and because in poorer countries are developing on his, you find that healthcare itself is a issue, is it's a challenge for most governments. so adding additional kind of budgets to providing a safe disposal of treatment, a disposal of healthcare, which it becomes an additional to us. but now we'll, we'll get her name was fundraiser. understood, the cost of for in action can be higher than the cost of action. so there were started putting money, or france for safe treatment and disposal look medical based on infectious race. so you'll find a lot of changes happening in the last term i would say at last, begin and a half or more than that. things have improved, much beyond what we there are about dental genius back. and what will happen if ways were to be disposed of improperly? are there countries that do this? and given me countries which are here to develop this protocols,

we have yet to have looked as infrastructure. so they essentially, in the my own experience, has it there sensually, set it out along with the normal household garbage on, household waste has been generated or commercial risk, what we call in different countries. and they try and take it to the landfill and do some segregation there and burden it in some rigid. now that's dangerous from many aspects because of climate change issues and infection to people who are handling this way. so that can be very, very vigorous. so there are multiple, you know, impacts at multiple levels to different socio economic kind of groups which exist in any society or people at the law down live around landfill areas. are poor people, most wonderful kinds of people in the society are more impact because of such mismanagement. so, you know, there are impacts to healthcare while goes to have the providers to doctors,

to nurses, to patient because they are compromise their immunocompromised when they come to the hospital for seeking treatment. and when they're in are in bed. patients were in there, it with patients with admitted into the hospital. they are likely to cause a catch medi infections. so these are multiple kinds of impacts that you have because of improper mismatch. thank you so much for coming on satish. while the big winner of all of this is the waste management industry, as they experience increased business and volume from the waste generated. the biggest loser of all of this is the environment. unfortunately, even as waste is supposed of properly whether incinerated or buried, it's still contribute to pollution. as toxic fumes are generated from incineration and landfills can contaminate ground waters. this contaminated groundwater can make their way into river ways and present danger to aquatic wildlife and agricultural irrigation systems. air pollutants generated by incineration size can spread

airborne particles that effect. not only those diagnosed with lungs or breathing issues, but all life. and in properly disposed biomedical ways that ends up in landfills has the potential to transfer to stray rodents and birds, which can then spread parasites and infection through animal populations. unfortunately, in low income countries, over 90 percent of waste is mismanaged and is either openly dumped or burned. so while education and protocol remains an uphill battle for developing nations, we must continue to find new ways to mitigate the accumulation of bio waste. the world health organization and some private research companies have been working hard to find more efficient ways to recycle medical waste. things like reformulating sterilized blue raps for operating rooms that do not contain lead. in the past, these raps contained lead and was thus difficult to sterilize, so the wraps were one time use and thrown away by removing the lead,

the blue raps could then be melted down and reused and manufacturing a soda bottles and other various plastic items. i'm christy, i. thanks for watching on. let's see you back here next time on the cost of everything with ah, need to come to russian state control. never the outside as on the northland scheme div, asking him then i'll send them up for a group in the 55 with will ban in the european union. the kremlin. ca, yep,

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