a change and whatever you do, don't watch my show stay range true because i'm probably gonna make you uncomfortable. my show is called director and bug, but again, but we don't want to watch it because it might just change the way you think. ah, plastic is probably one of the most convenient inventions and the perfect material . it is malleable, resistance and economical. it is the most popular cost effective and abundance material today. solving many design problems and logistical problems from construction to packaging, allowing the industry to grow over 10 fold in the last 10 years. but what is the true cost of plastics in the long term plastic generates more greenhouse gases than the entire amount of annual emissions. from the aviation and shipping industries

combined, i'm christiane, you're watching the cost of everything. where today we're going to be looking at this very common household item and seeing if it really is the perfect product. ah, plastics actually derive from natural organic materials such as cellulose, coal, natural gas, salt, and of course, crude oil. crude oil is process before it can be used, distilling it at a refinery. and this separates the crude into hydrocarbon chains. and one of these chains is a compound co nafta, which is a crucial compound for the production of plastics. then there are 2 main processes used to produce different types of plastics, polymers, ation and poly, condensation. they both require specific catalysts to link polymer chains together

. and each polymer has its own properties and can vary in physical structure, size, flexibility. and depending on what type of basic monomers are used from these reactions, you can then create thermal plastics which are your flexible plastics that distort when heated or your thermal sets, which are hard. plastics that will not soften once they have been molded. so depending on the type of plastic your manufacturing a key low, a virgin raw material costs mer pennies. that is why manufacturers packaging companies and every industry use it and why consumers devour it because it is literally dirt cheap. plastic bottles are produced everywhere in the world, but the cost of producing them varies dramatically due to the differences and raw material costs and energy prices. because the shell gas boom, the america as well as the middle east, is more cost effective given the access to crude. meanwhile,

asia and europe must rely on more expensive nafta. because of this, the middle east and the u. s. are to the cheapest countries where plastic is produced at around $0.02 per unit bottle. china is next given the very cheap labor and the cheaper fuel averaging out at around $0.03 a bottle. and this is followed by the european union and japan at 3.3 cents and 3.6 cents respectively. currently recycling plastic is actually more expensive than making new plastic, which means that companies have very little incentive to dig through the landfill for old material. so the plastic that we discard every day is probably going to end up in the landfills where it may take up to a 1000 years to decompose, potentially leeching, toxic substances into the soil and water. germany, researchers are warning that the impact of micro plastics and soil sediment and

fresh water could have long term negative impacts on the ecosystem. and the study estimates that one 3rd of all plastic waste ends up in soils or fresh water and ends up entering the food chain. and because plastic takes so long to break down, they never really actually disappear. almost every piece of plastic ever made, which is about 8300000000 tons still exist in one form or another today. so now let's bring in. so tish sin ha, associate director at toxics links. so tish, is there any replacement for plastics? something that is so durable and malleable, but at the same time sheet to produce. that's a tough question to answer about the replacement of plastic. oh, plastic by virtue of is, properties is perhaps the most wander material that we know today is hard to

replace plastic as it goes. but the answer we will have to find ways to deal with blasting. it will have to find did some of the impacts of plastic that is causing an environment and on this planet to such. so to answer the question, simply there is no direct replacement for the current plastic that we have. but suddenly there are ways david is plastic really that dangerous. i mean, how prevalent are these micro plastics and what harm do they cause? little plastic is a substance which in his complete life cycle, if you study plastic and the more information that we get you had on year with new research, new findings, we are realizing that plastic has a lot of downside to it. there are no impacts or plastic for the reason that

plastic is now considered is not considered the material for the reason backed right from the point of solar sofas, traction of the material may result in us in just a moment or 2. these chemicals can lead as any plastic burned or directly dumped into the environment. and from this study, it reported that 41 percent of packaging is mismanaged, and 47 percent of mismanage packaging ends up in the oceans. now this is alarming as we can then examine the cost of this waste. marine plastic pollution, reduce global g d p, up to $7000000.20 from the tearing tours from travel hotspots are putting fishing and uncle culture activities at risk. and there's also increased cost of waste management every year it costs us more than $32000000000.00 to collect sort dispos and recycle. the huge quantities of plastic waste generated citizens

also incur significant costs from clean up activities to remove this waste as high as $15000000000.00 a year. and for more, let's bring in once again. so tish sent ha, associate director at toxic link. now, so tish, what is the true cost of plastics in your opinion, including all of the adverse effects to the environment, to humans, etc. the plastic true cross applies to is, is, is a is that's what i've mentioned in my opening sentence that is complete lifecycle. plastic and important to understand that weighted comes from it is actually the wrong to us from the fossil ship, mostly petroleum based. and as we move our progress, we are now understanding that it was essentially world worlds that we were just getting this our material from now with ad winter whitney. all kinds of technology

like tracking, which has been there. so common now which has been, which has been under to bloody which loses oil group. and that is where the low cost of production has also gone down. and the raw material is available in more plentiful. and that is why the real cost of plastic says going down, actually if you ask me. but the cost that it, that the real cost that we're talking about on human health and environment is many fault. and why am seeing this is about ours of the chemicals that are used in plastic manufacturing and during distraction process. also, the whole process of fracking itself is sort toxic. and so impactful to environment in human health, the, you'll bump in so much of water and so much of chemicals to get the group out from the tracking process, even in the oil heads which are doing normal fossil fuel extraction. you have lost

chemicals which have added to it. are all this chemicals are released into the wac now in the process of manufacture or refining the cruel and getting or it's lean and or other rob material that he'll use for last. it's an during the process of for making perhaps from plastic or manufacturing plastics. you add many more chemicals from it, but they're all still blazer. so color and so fragrance. and these are all now chemicals and huge amount of chemicals to provide this properties that we're talking about either then become hard or elastic on waterproofing, or franklin. so soft ana, in all transparent, all these are because of the chemicals which are added to it. o. d, r. many of these chemicals today i recognized as her a c of serious concern. some of them i've known as customer general,

so some of them might known as endocrine disrupting. many of these chemicals are recognized by scientific community and will bodies. as in dog rang disrupting or carcinogen or chemicals which can cause other kinds of places. now this is the real im, cost of glass chick and it is released into the environment that we all can knowledge . truly. the impacts of these one human health can be multiple, you know, from cardiovascular to a bare city to your, ah, you're a productive system in act on the product as a struggle booked out to me and men bought female and meal. so the acts are phenomenal and b r. yet to come to compete understanding as to what is the real cost of this plastic or blue shield anthem? now house plastic mer cycled and art michael plastics and other pollutants released

during the breakdown process. so when that mean that recycling also isn't exactly eco friendly, as we might think, it is. leah that's, that's a gust. that's the common understanding that if we recycle your safe, you're able to bring it back and that does not go into landfill or does not go into the ocean. that's the kind of understanding be hacked. but the fact remains that blasting is no one kind of fritz. he is not one kind of material that is dead there . different kinds of plastic which are there. and that happens. the different kinds of plastic happens because of the kind of stabilizes that you weren't doing. the kind of chemicals actually do it. you will all of us realize that the symptom, plastic generally soft. so chemicals are but some blast. it's a really hard some plastics where look transparent, some look different, some you can squeeze some even do this. how these are all at it. and these are all achieved by adding something amount of chemical straight. so to plastics may not be

similar, but one we'd recycle it. it's really hard to differentiate. so be put most of it. there is 2nd, or we see especially in countries like ho oh, in the orb in the asian countries or maybe other countries, also china. you just mix all of these use plastic and you can recycle them. so you have chemical competition moving from one kinds of other type. and that is why the blasted that you produce finally is a mix of all this think. so recycling is not a very safe option or you know, unless we have clear cut, shall we know what are the goats in one kind of plastic, which is the kind of get because this disclose that it is also not available from the industry that one of the chemicals added to this blasted water, the give me the 2nd kind of plastic one of the chemicals added to that if we are able to segregated, very,

very based on scientific information and then we recycle it perhaps will be safer. so at this point of time, if leaping that recycling is a very good option to deal with the chemical hazards or from plastic, it may not be very, very accurate to say that thank you so much for joining us today. it seems like the plastic industry is a big winner here as it has literally invaded every aspect of our lives. and it's impossible to escape. but there are companies out there who are trying to change the narrative. bio plastic currently make less than one percent of the market. and these are made from bio sources such as sugar cane algae, even banana waste and shellfish. other companies have plant based plastic made from sugars that can be used for bottles and films. and these take about a year to decompose in an industrial com poster,

which is significantly better than traditional plastics. coca cola has also begun testing a paper bottle and hungry for a drink, which makes bottle from paper pulp and tore of theme is another company that has developed the world 1st, commercially viable, truly biodegradable and comm postal attorney to to conventional plastic packaging, which breaks down naturally in the ocean, taura athene is made from natural polymers like starch, an allergy, and has won the noble prize in 2020. as it is significantly stronger than any other plastic alternative on the market. however, it is still new and needs to scale up before tackling the huge plastic industry. the big question for all of these innovations still remains where the material sourced from and where does it end up. paper for example, isn't sustainable packaging material if it contributes to deforestation, and also it is likely to take many years before these materials can scale up enough

to make a dent in the 300000000 tons of plastic produce every year. i'm christy, i thanks for watching and we'll see you back here next time on the cost of everything . ah ah . well when i was wrong when i was just don't the room. yes. to fill out this thing because of the attitude and engagement equals the trail . when so many find themselves well, depart,

we choose to look for common ground. for only one main thing is important for naziism, internationally speaking, that is, that nations, but that's allowed to do anything, all the mazda races, and then you have the minor nation. so the slave americans, proc obama and others have had a concept of american exceptionalism. international law exist as long as it serves the american interest. if it doesn't, it doesn't exist by turning those russians into this dangerous go. you man, that wants to take over the world, that was caught your strategy. so some golf out of it on your own english v i n b, i not felicia, it, often zip on in tablet loc. nato said it's ours. we moved east. the reason

us had gemini, is so dangerous, is it the law? the sovereignty of all the countries? the exceptionalism that america uses in its international war planning is one of the greatest threats to the populations of different nations. if nature, what is founded, shareholders in united states and elsewhere in large obs companies would lose millions and millions or is business and business is good. and that is the reality of what we're facing, which is fashion. and look forward to talking to you all that technology should work for people. a robot must obey the orders given by human beings, except where such order does that conflict with the 1st law show your identification. we should be very careful about artificial intelligence at that point. obviously is too great truck rather than fear i would

like to take on various jobs. i mean with artificial intelligence. real. somebody with a robot must protect its own existence with a ship here. hey guys, they cut us off with greater finland to the euros. the nazi theory of racial superiority finish style 4 years of caribbean ss occupations. 14 concentration camps, 30 full prisoner of war labor camps 10 prisons.