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o the soon inch of slaves, the polish government and native americans who were sterilized by the state are just a few of the different groups around the world who are demanding a reparations for past injustices against their ancestors. i'm sorry now huge on this edition of $360.00 view, we're going to look at which groups around the world are asking for reparations. and what countries are making plans to pay them. let's get started. ah,

the meaning and use of preparations has changed over the years from a punishment for war crimes, to an attempt to make amends for treatment of their ancestors or national correspond. it works on a salon, takes us across the globe, learn about how reparations have been used throughout history. roxanna, scotty, let's 1st look what reparations are really, are there really? no meaning was for our country to pay money thoroughly for war crying. he has now evolved to main making amends, worth money to someone who feels they have been wronged. first, we look back at world war one, how germany was forced to pay heavily by the treaty of versailles to make up for losing the war. this cripple their economy, and he's also believed to be what led germany to world war 2. now poland is asking germany to pay reparations again to the sentence of polish use. killed in

concentration camps. back in the 1950s, poland relinquished the right to reparations, partly due to a deal with that, then soviet union. but now there, pressuring the un to make germany pay up. this is similar to reparations being conceived there in america. the sentence of slaves could be receiving $200000.00. they deal behind this type of reparation. 8th that people alive now had been punishing life or hadn't had as many chances because their ancestors were treated poorly in america. another us reparation also in america is the state of california . the state of california is looking to pay native americans who were 4th fully their life. the $4500000.00 program will provide $600.00 people who are still alive, boards of $15000.00 per person who are forced to be their life by the government.

but is this enough? could any amount ever be enough when you have taken away the ability to have a child by question to all these? is it fair to pay $15000.00. the person who has been strip of a theater comfort. the one who is burden is to be slavery descendant. i'm tennis, atlanta, 436. the you back to me is cutting. wow. that there are some definitely some hard questions that i think a lot of people are asking today. thank you so much work on a jury. me now to discuss is american historian gerald horn, who currently holds the john j. rebecca moore's chair of history and african american studies at the university of houston. thank you so much for joining me, gerald. thank you for inviting me. ok, we're talking about reparations, and do you believe there is a time limit or a sort of statute limitations which should exist on who should be able to collect.

and i'm the only talk about people here in united states, but also around the world will certainly with regard to the united states, there should be no time limit. you may know that the claim for reparations with regard to what's being discussed in sacramento, california. as we speak, turns on the question of and slave africans. as you know in the united states of america, there is a legal principle that there should be there should not be a wrong without a remedy. the wrong was the fact that people were brought across the atlantic against their will, forced to work for free. the remedy is reparations to their descendants who have suffered grievously as a result of that initial enslavement. there is a stork president for reparations united states. i heard in your set a piece that there was mention of the, in an unjust incarceration of japanese americans during world war 2. a few decades later, they were granted reparations by the us government, united states government, even as lobby to broad for reparations to the folks who were subjected to the

holocaust and central eastern europe, and the 1930. so the 1940, even though the united states was not a principle with regard to that unjust crime against humanity. indeed, germany has credit reparations to the state of israel, which did not exist during the time that the holocaust took place. so given that i'm not sure why we should exempt people of african descent in north america from the just remedy of reparations. so let's actually talk about your plan for how reparation should be assessed and distributed. what you consider to be the best, most realistic and the best logistical plan that could be put into place. well, it depends, as you know, in the city of evanston, illinois, where northwestern university is cited. there is a reparations plan locally based upon the unjust discrimination against people of

african descent and that municipality, a similar plan as unfolding and providence, rhode island. with regard to california, you have a panel that has been taking testimony for many months now with regard to reparations. your audience should know, however, that even when this panel comes up with their plan, it still has to pass muster in the legislature in sacramento, and then been signed into law by governor gavin newsome who we understand has presidential plans. and that made a hamper his ability to sign so called legislation or such legislation for reparations into law. so there are many obstacles and barriers before reparations is implement. so i, since you have done such a large study into this and you obviously look and see what would work, where would the majority of this money come from? where do you believe that the money that would be paid out should come from and who should it go to?

it will come from the us treasury. i understand that the debt in the united states, the already is over 30 trillion dollars. the deficit is also in the trillions, as i understand that as well. the united states government profit handsomely from the african slave trade. and in fact, even after the states government circuit, 18 o 8 said that the african slave trade was illegal, it continued post 18 away. you should also know that u. s. and slavers were also active in cuba and brazil. and so i think that given the profits, the unjust profits gleaned from the african slave trade, that helped to create the superpower. it's only fair adjusted the superpower pay reparations to the families of those who were pulverized and penalize by these crimes against humanity. but you just said yourselves united states government, and even even though it's a superpower and it seems like we have lots of money, you said yourself, we are trillions of dollars in debt. so we're not,

we might look like a superpower. i think you and i can agree that we definitely have some money issues you would operate your household, kind of like the federal government offering there's, you know, arguments would be that the money that would go out would be tax period or us treasury dollars or taxpayer dollars more than likely and those money could be used for all americans, including those in african american communities and all backgrounds. going specifically to schools going specifically to safety things, parks, fire and aimless equipment. and the greater good rather than individual checks to people. what is your argument and response to that? do you agree that instead of giving it necessarily a check to an individual, how much you put the burning back into something good, like in a dominant trust or even specifically and to equipment for the community? well, with regard to the united states government and his problems concerning money, when the time came to antioch suit ukrainians with united states government did not have a hesitation in finding billions and billions and billions for the ukrainians. even

though there is a lot loud minority that suggests the united states and still be focused on homelessness question and the hunger question in the united states of america. but somehow that was overlooked with regard to specific groups, you have the united states government paying out billions and billions on a regular basis to those $65.00 and older. not least through social security, not least through medicare. there are those who say, why give that money to those 65 and older? why not give that to those 5 years old and younger? and that argument obviously does not carry any weight, isn't a states of america. but when it comes for half, perhaps, for some strange reason to talking about a sick of death, dep designated black people to be recipients for taxpayers dollars. all of a sudden we get this argument about what about these other people. i find that very

curious indeed, you know, i can't argue the fact the united states can make very poor decisions for our country. so foreign debt, we still give it lots and lots of aid to people and usually that's not transferred . i can't argue that point on that side of it, but i do have to ask you, they're not only here in america, they are looking at that situation here. but in october, poland actually turned around and demanded $1.00 trillions and reparation paid for by germany for damages from world war 2. now, jeremy's already paid, poland 2 different rounds of previous payments, both immediately following the end of world war 2 various times. the last 70 years . so how many rounds or generations should be required to satisfy or is it just something that should be considered forever just based off of a time period of one generation? well, i'll let warsaw and berlin sort out their particular problems. although it is fair to say number one, that there were massive depredations committed and perpetrated by the preceding

government and berlin. speaking of the nazi party and number 2, as berlin oftentimes counters, there was considerable complicity by the polish government into period from 1933 to 1945 a. likewise, it's rather curious that colon as raising this question about reparations determining at a same time when poland and germany on the same side with regard to reparations. it seems to me that's going to disrupt the coalition. in any case, i'm not sure what that has to do with the question of enslavement of africans in the united states of america. and the just a man that has arisen with regard to reparations to the descendants of slave families. while interesting, you know, and you obviously say this very well and i really appreciate you sharing your insight and i really respect you and everything that you've got. thank you so much for joining us. thank you for inviting me. and when come back, we're going to dive in reparations around the world and went distinguishes which

groups are deserving of monetary justice. and i guess malik abdul. ah huh. the germ strategic autonomy sounds good. the word strategic conjures up a sense of importance and autonomy presents a sense of independence. but when you consider the french president using this term, they were forced to wonder if he is a serious person, after all, europe is no longer strategic or autonomy ah ah

ah ah, this is your 360 view i'm sky, know, hughes, we're going to get to you our conversation with a different perspective on reparations from lake abdul conservative commentary.

thanks for joining me. ma lake. thanks for having me. scottie. okay. i wanna start off with the concept of reparations. and do you believe members of the present day? society should be out a monitor him out to a certain demographic group because of injustice is done by past generations. i think that really that that's the decision that i had draw distinction between what the government or private businesses do. i'm like for instance door sound university, georgetown university here they as what part of what they considered reparations. they are, i believe, allowing free tuition from the descendants of slaves who were actually on georgetown universities. boy who were actually old and traded by georgetown university. i think that's much very appropriate. i have an issue with the federal government, that's the issue. and when you listen to people talk about reparations, typically you never really hear them describe outside of the monetary value,

which is ultimately what i say is, is that it ultimately comes down to a check. because when you hear the reparations discussion, people typically talk about certain programs targeting specifically african americans. but at the end of the day, the government already does that. so my is, my, i don't believe in reparations, in the sense that people are talking about issues out a check. but are there things that the federal government has in will continue to do to close that gap because of the history of racism against selecting the country? they're already doing that, so i don't think that referee was sure. i do think that it is a bit different when you comes to america, because keep in mind, america did well, the united states did things a little differently. we ended slavery much later than some of our, you know, international counterparts. and so we did things differently and it,

we enshrined into law discrimination against a, basically native africans or descendants of africans. so my point in saying that is that since then, since a v, i knew you'd be emancipation proclamation in many of the laws to address. we've had laws, we've had programs. so we've had, we've done the united states has done a lot to address this, where we get caught up in the reparations discussion, is because really, if you listen, people are talking about programs. but they're also talking about a check, the government, the united states government is not going to cut every descendant of american slavery, a check, but design is states is not going to do this. so people continue this reparation and it's an angry or so discussion it. i don't even realize what people get so angry in an emotional about it, because again, the federal government is already doing things to target minority communities the,

you know, an indigenous community. we're always doing that, asked the question, and they're saying the aid could be up to $200000.00 of a check that issued to every individual would that i find it really find it. i think that a monetary figure, a monetary amount could actually solve a problem like racism, or systematic racism like i, i think there takes a lot more depth. i put a lot more credit that a dollar amount can actually solve it. that being said, you look at countries around the world, you look at, obviously there's a lot of questions right now about germany putting more even more reparation to once again to those of polish descent other countries. i, even obviously i countries in africa are looking to the u. k. i to talk about the colonization, the damage they did there. the question is, one would say why, way to you and i, our generation be accountable for issues done 3 to 4 or 5 generations ago. and here is to say what side my is my ancestor on and what's on your ancestors were on. and

why should my taxpayers do that? go to pay an individual rather than what's good for the entire community. i would much rather see it go into a community find to help increase courage, education, a local communities rather than just individuals. scotty, you and you, and i both know i'm, we've seen the studies. this is in, it isn't a new thing. i think of a lottery winners. think of what they say, what happens to lottery winners or anyone when you give them a lump sum of money? if that's not matched with some type of financial education, more than likely you're going to be broke. so sure. if people want to give out hand out a check, the only thing that you've done is hand out a check. you haven't done anything to actually close the poverty level because we know as soon as people get that money, it goes right back to the, into the economy, which is a good thing for the economy. but at the end of the day, many of them, many of those lottery winners and up broke. so no,

i don't think the idea of just issuing out a check, but which is why i'm against it. and when people have this push back against it and say, well hey, maybe we should focus on because i've done it myself. i've been criticized for people myself when i say, hey, let's focus on closing those gaps. continuing what the government is already doing . i'm not focus on a check, i get attacked because i'm say, well, how could you not, you know, do, how could you not support a jack or reparations? i just don't, but it's a very contentious issue and i imagine that he will continue to be. so sometime into the future, i think in the united states, all you have to look at is the rounds of covert aid and the cover checks that we all got. i mean, when they come down to not only was individuals, how many of those individuals actually use that money to pay their rent, pay their food, pay their insurance, or how many of them bought new gucci bags, or new shoes, or any made their payments on new cars, but more importantly, the corruption that so often comes when we're talking about this amount of money that would go into and he would place in here distributed sadly. like with co that

we found out that that money never actually usually made it to people. so it might sound good that everybody gets a check. but unfortunately, i think for almost every dollar that would go into somebody who deserves it, how much it is when to those people's the bureaucracy meant that had nothing to do with it. you know, i want like in california because they are looking to pay $2000.00 and to decide, and there's a panel trying decide how these reparations should be paid out. now, people are recommending the money to be paid by putting into a trust towards tuition advanced education housing grants. i imagine this is something you could support i'm if a state chooses to do this, you know, i'm, i'm not even with that. i'm not necessarily so thrilled about that idea, but if the state of california or any state for that matter chooses to do that, that i'm absolutely fine with it. again, i kind of draw a finer, a straight line when it comes to the federal government. but sure you can kinda give, you know,

it if they're able to figure out how to do it. and because the you're talking about a very complicated thing, because you're having some ancestry getting all of that documentation in. and as you know with many times people don't submit the proper documentation. so i mean, it sounds good. i'm not opposed to it, but i'm not necessarily, you know, kind of cheering that this is something that they're doing well as my various stereo executive producer pointed out into both my air just now. she's like, california never had slavery. so it's interesting, if we're gonna be doing that states by states, it's interesting that california would ever be doing this there, the say taking that now we can talk about some of the southern states. we can, we can have some conversations in there. but california taylor's, if you don't see that, once again, it's a political move is, is that my feeling on this and, and what, and will it work? who knows? but you've also had this idea of those that were native americans, that word. i think it's somewhat of a different situation because it's more present day. you saw people who are alive, $15000.00 for being sterilized. that was government and i think that is absolutely

atrocious. sterilized native americans, now they're saying, hey, guess white get lost your chance to have any fear g, future generations. but we're going to give you $15000.00. this will be provided to 600 people who are still alive today who were sterilized for sterilization. that what can, what, how do you feel about those types of situations? i think that so if we're talking about the direct, either the victim, if you will, or the direct descendant, meaning one generation. so the grand, that the children of some wine. absolutely. because that is still, that's not something that's not, you know, 5610 generations. and that's part of the problem with the reparation. because we're talking about generations of people as opposed to those who were directly, for instance, those who were in, out of even go maybe 2 generations. so the grandchild of a slave. well,

i don't know, i, we don't have very many grandchildren of slaves here in the united states. and if they do, they're very, very, very old. but we don't have very many on the, so that's with, that's also what makes it complicated. because the notion is that anybody does anybody gets and then you have to prove, not only that you're a defendant play, but that you are out in american descended of slave. so if you are from haiti and you've operations, but i don't think that a check would be coming from the united states government, at least the federal government. and the once again, you have to look at their back, army will vice president, comma harris received a reparation concerning her grandfather was for the largest slave owners and jamaica things know thing, but we know that neither would morocco bama, and those are things that we would have to have that would have to be flushed out before a pity was issued. i would hope. thank you mike. i tell always great to talk to you . thanks for having me. i don't think there is a single person on earth who could not claim some injustice was done to one of

their ancestors. and to me, i do not understand how you can justify punishing the present based on the actions of the past. if anything, all this does is build up ill will between the various groups involved. even more concerning is when only one group is giving the ability to ask. well, other groups are said their grievances don't count for mainly because they cannot create enough social pressure to justify their refusing to pay damages does not mean you're refusing to acknowledge sense which were committed in the past. no one is denying a person who feels guilty about something from the past, taking the initiative with their own money to make that right before the new countries taxpayers to do so. it's only submitting to a mob which might never be content. at this point, america, we are a melting pot of many countries now to region some very good things came from very bad times in history. should we also deny those advances and take away the praises meant to the individuals who overcame the toughest of circumstances and still did

something for the benefit of all. of course not that would be ignorant, which is exactly how i feel about opening the pandora's box. regarding reparations, i'm using this been the 360 view. thank you for watching the in i a at the end of the 18th century, great britain began to conquer and colonize australia. from the very beginning of the british penetration to the continent, natives were subjected to severe violence and deliberate extra patient. according

to modern historians. in the 1st 140 years, there were at least 270 massacres of local b. both any resistance to the british was answered with doubled cruelty. hundreds of natives were killed for the murder of one settler. indigenous australians were not considered complete people. no wild beast of the forest was ever hunted down with such unsparing perseverance as they are. men, women, and children are shot whenever they can be met with squatter. henry myrick wrote in a letter to his family in england, in 18. 46. australia's past is rightly described as blood soaked and races. if at the beginning of colonization, there were one and a half 1000000 indigenous people living on the continent, then by the beginning of the 20th century, their number had degrees till 100000 people. despite the indisputable historical facts, the problem of full recognition of the crimes of white australians against aborigines

has not been resolved so far. with rental car know been little and they're both a member. so for those of those, did you do not actually show solution you please go to finish your clue just to use the way you have a general come up with ah

ah, i need to unite effort to counteract unilateral pressure. that's a message from survey rob as rushes top diplomat visits venezuela the past few years, it's become clear to everyone that dependence on the u. s. dollar dependence on those principles of globalization that the americans themselves have been introducing for many years. it does not lead to any good question. sure. everything was said under the orders all set in my interview for the 90 percent is a lie. obama wagner group fighter claims he was.