trees, that's our culture. we've been very much just toss it away, it has no value. and so when folks like by cell 4 in the field of organic recycling and food waste, recycling, it does at least have a better n use if it goes to composting to make sol amendment to yield healthy soil's or to be what we call in aerobically digested to produce a bio gas that can be used to produce electricity or, or fuels. so there's, it's, and then yes, in many places it is a what cheaper just to throw it away. then to go through the process of product collecting and processing it. how can countries reduce food waste and what countries have been the most successful at that? it's interesting, i was thinking about this question and i would say that the biggest challenge to getting as a country to reduce food waste,

it starts with education and really realizing how much food is being thrown away. and then developing strategies to and programs to both reduce the amount of, of food that's wasted, introduced smart or buying habits and cooking habits and, and then also to re purposing, you know, in other words, let's just say what we see in the, in the catering business the food service is not putting out all the food you've made, but keeping some of it back because if it's not served, then it has to be that it can be donated even if it's prepared. so it's really in kitchen practices at food service businesses to reduce and, but really at the end of the day, it's just building that awareness and somehow putting in price you're making the

cost of throwing it away higher, you know, or the penalties for throw it. you know that it encourages you because what we've seen is one stores where the city, your state pass is a mandate. you have to separate your food ways for grocery stores and they'll offer a, a lower price. they realize when they started separating it, how much eligible food they're throwing away. so sometimes when you either push them to force them to recycle it in separate it, it very quickly becomes evident how much is being, you know, how much money they're wasting. now, billions of dollars are lost in food waste. how can this figure be reduced or were cooked so that it can go back into the economy or the producers? i would say it really has to do with this awareness of, of the amount of food that gets wasted. taking the example of the farm with,

you know, they, they only pick their highest quality and then leave the rest on the farm. is, is creating a market for that secondary, the 2nd best food and making it so that there's the farmers getting the value for that to make it worth the effort of taking it. and so i think that's a big piece of it. and um, i just, i think working really working hard to spend money on the education where the pers, where people are buying their food in some fashion. just to make that awareness, you know that, that we just can't be spending all this money in wasting all this food. and we're seeing some of this where there's value in the food that that's being thrown away.

if you can capture it, you can turn it in, keep it in the food supply chain by turning it into feed or using it as a role in gradient to make your new food products. it takes a lot of, uh, creative energy and just a lot of awareness and education. is there any way to reallocate food, ways to countries, and people who do not have enough to eat? or does it cost too much to redistribute food waste? i would say it probably cost too much money to ship food, long distances that have already been shipped from the point of production. you're starting to get it, whether it's due to the weight, you're moving a lot of pounds. uh. and then the whole part of the, you know, the perishable food has to be consumed within a certain amount of time. it can be frozen in some cases. i think there's

one of the key things with, with that leads to the waste is the dates they put on package from products to say, you know, best buy, use buy and really understanding what those labels are. so if it says best buy the food is still good to eat after that date, it's just over the years. if they lose some of its flavor, for example, but it's still safe, you can eat it. and so i think there'd be more export, you know, or transport of food that has to be pulled off the shelf in the country where they're going by those, those dates out in the products where you could stick still available. and we're seeing, we see a lot of that food ending up through, you know, donation change or, or um, but where you really brought in to the heck up is the weight and the cost of transport

. thank you so much, nora, but please pick around. nora will be joining us right after the break and when we come back, believe it or not, china and india produced more household food waste than any other country. and i bet you thought it was a united states. we'll have more after the break on the mortgage. right. so see what's printing, what was the other one that's good there. so sounds good. just so basically of course we need your last name was needed read it was can when we used

to be too much and we have support for someone who is this. we went to the, the, the china and india produced more household food waste than any other country and an estimated 92000000 and 69000000 tons everywhere, respectively. these are not surprising as both of these countries have by far the largest populations. and while food waste has often been thought of to be correlated to wealthier countries, there are similarities between developed and developing countries. it is estimated that food with per capita is actually the highest in western asia and sub saharan

africa. this is because, as we mentioned earlier, a huge portion of food is wasted before even hits the shelves for retail drew and production or distribution. the biggest food ex porters are typically responsible for producing the most food waste. and in asia, there's a cultural dimension. when it comes to food waste, while the chinese people traditionally value frugality and have a long history with them and then shortages, a deeply rooted value is that of expressing hospitality and showing face in doing so, an important standard is the amounts of leftovers in chinese culture when eating out, the holes traditionally order more food rather than less to show hospitality to his guests. the more food left on either the more hospitable and generous the host is seen as if the food is all eaten, then it symbolizes a stingy host and the guests are left hungry because they've cleaned up their plates. it is estimated that 12 percent of food that is served as wasted in chinese cities and for large banquets,

even more severe or more than one 3rd of the food is dumped. in south korea must bonds or finish eating sessions are extremely popular across all social media platforms. please, champions of muck phones or crowns. big stomachs, king, which are seen as a symbol of wealth, luck, and prosperity. france has now emerged as a leader when it comes to attacking food waste. at the legislative level. in 2016 france made it illegal for retailers to throw food away, and instead they must redistribute the food to those in need. the law is punitive with fines of up to $3000.00 euro is part each infraction. china is also tackling its food waste problem with a lot in 2021 that has bands competitive eating and binge eating microphone videos . president shooting pain also launched a clean plate campaign end up finding food waste, though that has not been as popular with citizens on social media. the south for

you has also managed to reduce food waste in recent years when the government made residents for sol pay for recycling depending on how much food waste they were creating. now let's bring back nor, and goldstein editor and publisher of bio cycle. so nora, they say that america has an obesity problem. so what's causing that? is it simply more consumption of packaged food? or does it have to do with the over indulgence and just having too many calories from the food available? i would say the obesity challenge is attributed in some ways to, to the food ways challenge. but i really think it has to do with what people who it's, it's, it's actually it's, it's all socio economic classes. it's not just for people, it's not just rich people. so so much of that is just so much of the food that

it's convenient to eat is not healthy for you. it's caloric. but also, um we see that food companies keep introducing the latest and greatest a fast food or, or desert or something and, and when you look at the calories and it smooth these different things. so you're just, there were consuming so many more calories and they're, they're empty calories. so they're not necessarily added to it a good way to our bodies of maybe to a certain extent. you know, if you get the extra large meal at the, at the fast food restaurant with the biggest soda possible, you know, that you, it goes to that bargain mentality. and so we are over consuming, but i don't think it's really directly related to just waste the

wasting of food. now is food waste, a scientific problem or a societal problem where we have normalized discarding food that we don't want to eat? and how do you change a habit of basically an entire society? it's very good question. um, i would say that it's a combination of, of where it is. it's a social, it's uh, educational, combined with innovation and technology. so if we can, and we're seeing this in the whole plan base for arena where you can get really high protein in a much smaller carbon footprint for example. um, is that, you know, would, is that a way to go? so we're, the food that we do consume can last longer,

have less carbon footprint. but i think at this point in the game, we know all the facts about how much food we're wasting and why and, and where it goes in the harm it does. and what the biggest for known in the area is and how do we affect the behavior change around it? what is really weird, where is the point of intervention, where you can really create the behavior change. and i think to a certain extent, those in do industries from, from a farm to table. you know, i just have to somehow be part of this joint effort to use the food we grow and we buy and, and to put they always put it towards highest and best and use. so i think that

tends to fall more on social and social fact. yeah. and behavioral psychological factors that actual technology and how can reducing food ways help to fight climate change. there's a, a fact that's been around now for a lot of years and nobody's disapproved. it is that if food waste were its own country, it would be the 3rd largest, largest a matter of greenhouse gases after china in united states. so it's well known, it's documented by putting some waste in the landfill. the is, it makes greenhouse gases, the trends growing and transport of, of food, you know, to the markets, the image greenhouse gases, so by reducing and be reducing food waste, using the food we got to grow,

it will and, and absolutely reducing the amount we throw away um is, is paramount. it's, you know, when you're looking at a lot of issues related to climate change, taking care of, of the wage problem and from the one would think that would be one of the easier challenges to solve. but we're still throwing away millions and millions of millions of touch is food was actually causing hunger or are they not necessarily related? yeah, well yes, actually i'll tell you why. we find that when you capture food that still edible and you make a can use it to make meals, we have a huge hunger problem. the food in the security problem in, in united states and i not as familiar with the challenge is elsewhere around the

globe. but if we see, when you can rescue food, prepare it and put it in in a lot of times people don't want it as a handout. so you make it in a retail situation where it's that they buy people, buy it, it, it, it's, it's preserves dignity and you're getting a healthy meal from food that otherwise would be strong away. so one of the ways to approach it is you really look at what we call the meal gaps at, you know, let's just say in a, in a city or a j, a regional area and determine where the populations are that are the most viewed in secure and then look into how you can capture and re distribute food as well as put in the community garden. so nothing farms in neighborhoods that have very little access to fresh food. and that's another excellent way to use. you

start to create this connection to the swell and this independence in neighborhoods that are very disadvantage. and what are the obstacles that prevent food donations to countries that suffer from food scare? so these are their incentives to encourage these donations. so i think where i see that i'm not, that's an area i'm not super familiar with, but i know where we're seeing so much to get wasted. i'm sitting in porch or you know, it tends to, in my mind what i would, i think i, i, it's mostly just from reading it's more grains and, and essentially you know, the to work. but i'll just say dietary essentials is that that can get hung up in international trade commodities, trading as far as of edible food. i think that's

another and high protein plant base foods that are a little more show stable. what i would imagine that would be better fit for exporting, then you know, millions of pounds of state debbie and then that kind of thing cuz you have to consider that in a lot of countries. they don't have access to refrigeration. like we do. so it's kind of taking nutrient rich drawn gradients and preserving them and then putting them, you know, in an export import situation. thank you so much more for joining us today. now there is no winter when it comes to food waste as it comes as an economic loss, and the society with 0 benefits to anyone. and this is a serious problem globally. but luckily there's a growing awareness and a push for change to mitigate food waste. much of food waste originates at the

grocery store level with surplus groceries or products that are nearing the end of itself, life or damaged or the produce. that just doesn't look pretty. instead of tossing the surplus, grocery stores can often partner with food, kitchens or other travel organizations to facilitate the redistribution process to those who need it. the other solutions include processing the surplus, grocery to use as part of the feed for poultry farms in france. the grocery stores, inter marsh has found a huge success by offering reduced prices on misfits fruits and vegetables that usually get thrown out and re educating consumers that they are actually perfectly good to consume. i'm christy, i thanks for watching and we'll see you right back here and next time on the cost of everything the

the, the look up later after we withdrew troops from g f, as promised. the key of authorities, as their patrons usually do true at all, into the wastebasket of history, were of the guarantees that they will not continue to abandon such agreements. what basically holding out for the world to see, put in uh, showing a tracy that it showed new cranes neutrality. st key, i've signed it and then stressed it off the pressure from western vaccines. nonsense of russia, host, an african peacekeeping delegation fresh back from ukraine. molly revise, this is the constitution to actually give governance to civil institutions off the years of committee, to rule in political unrest. and the official is actually in the capital,

blaming form a colonial power front for the time around and it's about people. the world continues to flourish, indians prime minister, proposes the african union to be given full membership and to the g. 20 head of it stops, and cutting the or why, what are we just being here on? how to international so much to tell you about during this evening's edition of the weekly looking back at the weekend, today's top developments, let's get started. so the russian president vladimir putin and essentially holding up a treaty showing that ensured ukraine's neutrality. you set the to, you have agreed last year in the early stages of the conflict, signed the documents and then scrapped it under pressure from west and backers. it's all according to the russian president said he such. and he said this one who was actually hosting an african peacekeeping delegation that's in petersburg. they have just returned from new crane. we did not agree with you quite inside that this

deal would be confidential, but we also never disclosed it or commented on it. it'll go away, it's a draft of disagreement was initialed by representative of the head of the negotiating group frontier. com. so he put his signature there. what here it is when he used it's called the treaty on permanent neutrality and guarantees for the security of ukraine. it contains 18 articles and there was also an appendix. these provisions concern the armed forces and many other things. everything is written there down to units of military equipment and personnel of the armed forces we use issue here was the document. it is initial. but after we withdrew troops from t f, as promised, the key of authorities as their patrons usually do, through it all into the waste basket of history. some were of the guarantees that they will not continue to abandon such agreements. your so that tracy document

trying to write that by page, and it basically shows ukraine, agreed to reduce a tommy military equipment and confirm its permanent neutrality. with russia, the us new k, china and france listed as guarantors. but of course it was the u. k. with bar, as johnson in the, by the white house that deliberately scuffled those piece talks. meanwhile, and 24 hours ago, african leaders express that position on ukraine. the south african president quoting on both sides to deescalate, here's looks on a boy. i think it's quite remarkable that the lodging there put in felt the need to bring this agreement to his meeting with the african leaders. in my opinion, it shows the significance. he attaches to these mediation efforts, as well as russia's reputation because uh, i think what he's trying to do is to counter west the narrative that the russian military alteration in ukraine came absolutely on per bolt on the western media and western officials like to present it as a, this cruel attempt to grab your print,

entire true, where in fact uh, in the view of the russian president, what russia does is defending its own legitimate security concerns and in ukraine. and he was very straightforward in describing a russian perspective in front of the african leaders. he said that the, uh, that agreement that he actually demonstrates it to them had this title on permanent neutrality and security guarantees it to ukraine. and that was essentially the status was a secure distribution in europe, off to the end of the cold war. now, uh, according to the rest of the president, uh, the kremlin remains open to o. uh, peace facilitation initiatives. as long as they are down on the principle of fairness and recognition of legitimate security interest of all sides. um, he's saying the african leaders for understanding the context,

all of that conflict and not submitting to western pressure. now the african guess on the side side that they also have a practical, national security interest in a, solving the ukranian conflict. it has approvals, problems in the field defendants and food security and unprecedented crisis in its nature. and he showed you already to support task in removing the obstacles, solve this conflict, thanks to you and all the actors like to t a. m p u and we manage to pause the grain deal. i am confident that russia, one of the foremost nations of the you and implemented manville the security council, will observe the you and tell it to be sued for uh, as a continent we are being negatively affected in terms of why economies. the prices of commodities have gone up particularly grain and fit to eliza,

and the prices of fuel have also gone off. and this is a consequence of the war that is ongoing. we would like to see further engagements with regards to the processes that were leads to the end of this war for the time being uh, the so called black sea deal, which uh, foresees the uninhibited expert though for your brain in weight and russian green's and fertilizers to the global markets uh is working on paper, but the russian side of the deal is being actively sabotaged by western countries. and as the russian leader re, to re, that russian remains open to any piece per foot pulse when it comes to ukraine or when it comes to the way international system should be around here. uh,

stress that uh, every country has a key interest in being solver and in having its territorial integrity, protected by the principles of the un charter should apply equally to old. they should not be cherry pick um that if all countries subscribe to the same standards or, or the same international laws, rather than cherry picked rules selected by certain group of countries them and only them security and peace could be in short for all for the peace plan put forward by the south african president was asked me to give him a warm reception from russia's foreign minister. please enter my for the present from a photos and now and then close. this article makes identified among the well known 12 points of the chinese proposal, those bars that are close to their position. they include guaranteeing that there are no double standards that all un principals are respected,

that there are no unilateral sanctions or attempts to ensure one soul security at the expense of the security of others. those are the fundamental approaches that we share. so our partners from the african union have shown an understanding of the 2 causes of the crisis created by the west. it is necessary to get out of this situation by addressing these causes who development of concrete actions to eliminate them. these are what has been undermining justifiable security on the european continent for many years. and in contrast to moscow, ukraine says african states don't have the power or the capability to resolve the conflict. saying that they're only using their visits for their own jo, political goals. and spend a lot yeah. the african delegation had no golf course. definitely conflicts. these are finding a solution. obviously this is not their task which is not on their level or their competence. so let me just want to be on the information agenda and resolve their

own issues. like increasing the amount of resources they received primarily from restaurant. we can kind of food supplies. this is the most important thing that they had to do was the to information task in favor of frustrated by saying they don't see any nice island with air. but it was an obstruction, a fabric which at the white piece was a primitive attempt to win at the information warfare show. don't most that you? oh yeah, we spoke to j a political analyst, hydro mulanda, who suggested why a key of continued to reject the various piece plans, whether they come from africa, china, or even the pope jonathan beacon printer. good said um, well, i'm not in favor of peace while noting save all bases fire that shouldn't be happening when you click. so that should be, that is a senior sports person full pentico. you don't want to do anything that is good to do with a piece as well as i should ask on said the west, what say this is what we've been waiting for. will be putting money. we've been

talking the hard way to benefit the military. industrial companies, so it's worth nothing to do with you. great. everything is good to do with what washington, london, brussels, whatever that they want to achieve. but it's not the list of the l. b dot of $0.12 a few click. that's the unfortunate part of this country. both of those in the west african nation of molly, of taking to the polls to decide whether to adopt a new constitution. if there's a head about next year's presidential election of the countries on the going to cruise in the past 3 years and supporters of the new constitution say it'll pay the way for a transition to civilian rule. a political unrest as plague molly and made an ongoing jihadist and substantially in the rule north. and critics say, the french military forces stationed in the country have done very little to crowd the violence. in fact, molly, get this even expelled the french ambassador last year.