see many seams of the indian freedom struggle. one common narrative that is, that's being held is that it was largely a non violent moment. of course, the pressure that my gun, the, the congress booked on the british judge to marty persuasion, to ensuring that you know, to the non violent movement actually rang through the functions of the colonial press. the dentist, i gave him a formula issue 19 o. 8 before 90 came on the scene. he said, don't join the a doctor. see, don't join the army. he said that has been in saving. you don't join the quotes if you can do non cooperation on these 3 sectors. you in paradise that really does. it does not happen before got to do because we need to the graham, the to actually put all together. we need to have gotten the who can give us a simple message, which even then add us to correct, put on the style and even the for us to, for put,

understand. so if you can see how gotten the communicated, i mean one of the greatest examples of this communication was the sort of match the, um, i do mail back, am giga and then a local i pad. yeah. the near the look of i had get out of it them. yeah. and i teach, i did that. the like very nat move on that bad a bit. that made it there, but i do love, we get them get you. uh, what about that? let me know about that, but glad that she did. uh, i had to go to the one of my d 25 that i looked up the majority of a gun to use it. so my husband gotten the, the, the see took a pinch of salt and broke the files back. and how did he do that? he took 78th of his follows from out of the box and walked 241 miles to the

sequel to a village called diamond. and these 241 miles when he reached the coastal bond that'd be here the 100000 and gives with him and one helping somebody. but if the help of somebody not getting back your conscience at some point of time, but if you can. and so what am i doing? am i doing that? i think, i think that's what he did to the british. it's a noun

the, [000:00:00;00] the the,

the what we've got to do is identify the threats that we have. it's crazy from foundation. let it be an arms race is on all sides. very dramatic. the only personally, i'm going to resist. i don't see how that strategy will be successful, very unclear to get a time time to sit down and talk india became independent on the 15th of august. 1947 was we were moving towards

independence of india, but was so moving towards the partition of india, that was a terrible legacy of the british when they were here in india, as rulers. because one of the things they did was divided into so they did create a kind of schism between the hindus and the most slims was they were routing this country. and that meant that the british felt that they could no longer control the situation they brought in mount baton. and he was the last viceroy of india and he needed to do something. and he thought that partition was the only way out. so then he brought in the judge from the u. k cord, a civil servant radcliffe, who came in with never been to. and deb before, she had no idea of the country at all. and he was given 5 weeks to divide the country, and within 5 weeks he takes the decision and he just draws up the lines mount

veterans could not tell anybody what the boundaries well, you know, because it was only between him and radcliffe. and of course, the preachers compliments back home in london. so papa son was born on the 14th of august. and india became independent on the 15th of august. but the terms of the partition of the country were only announced on the 17th of august. so it was a free in deal and focused on that loan to about what are the terms of the position . but the people, the completely on that and people have to leave. they have to leave the homes that being forced out of their homes. because there are rights all around them, people, are you taking homes that driving people out? what happens in a situation like this when the nation is unprepared for it? and that, that is what had happened to the british left. a very unprepared nation. be lost so much, they lost lives, they lost homes,

they lost their status. they became refugees. what night in, in the new country that they were forced to go to. it was also a division of everything. right from the armies to the cricket team, to music, to arch, to show everything was divided, you know, on the basis of religion. the, so this is a very beautiful sculpture given to us. and by crush me, the artist did when she and it represents, as you can see, the whole story of migration. how difficult it is. because this is a horse painted in the traditional style of cushion year and paper machine style. but on his back, he's gathering bones, different bones of different thoughts. so for humans, bodies, and i think that is very symbolic and something which we must remember that when

people migrate, they carry many things with them. the findings, milan show pro, i'm 11 years old and have a lot of family history. the associates are the same. oh yes, correctly. she's the loss and in line oscillates this time. so there's a straight from a line from, from the do one more rush chip from, from the red shelf more time. so that was the on of the sports. and and in the main line that goes down to jr, a cheese and the, the last there's no boy, there's a partial india called punjab. and we had there was mo raj who had his sword there. and he was flashing with

a sword and he had to give the sword. and he went to prison and we want the sword back because we don't want any more bad things. we don't want the pos trauma. we just want to have a sword in the safe place. the i went about seeking the return event and i basically requested it and that was very kelly and, and rather abruptly rejected. a certainly is very, very disappointed. and i think especially at a time when, when, when we've gone through quite some transformation, generally in the world where, where we become much more accepting of, of, of different, different cultures and different people and, and the world has become more diverse place. and i think also the discussion of actually returning objects that were taken in the colonial context has become, you know,

a very relevant discussion. so this is the initial letter from me requesting the return of the sword. this was the response which after its explanation, ends with the words in conclusion, i must advise you that the regiments will not agree to the return of the sale of the total i sword and considers this matter trust which of course, for me it is not they basically explained that this was a war trophy and as a war trophy as a material object, it was important to them to celebrate their victories of the past. which of course was adding insult to injury for the family that had suffered in the very brutal seas. and in addition to that, they said, well, if we give this back why, why shouldn't we give everything else back? and if we don't give everything else back, why should we give this back? and to me, that's a very false lot. if i go into someone's house and i take something and i leave the

house, and i say look, more people will benefit from this from, from your possessions. because i can put them on display. is that going to be a very satisfactory answer for you? you just want it back. it came from your house. so i don't think that brittany, as it's museums, have done, can self appoint themselves as the keepers of shipments civilization. in terms of these objects. it is not about changing history. it is not about changing the facts of history. there was a siege, there was a defeat. that's a fact. we can change our experience of that history. and i have made it very clear to the wrong turn or either the family continues to suffer. consequence from that, my daughter will say she doesn't want any family occurs to be passed on to her. and the sword has gone through an enormously traumatic experience. i think the answer

is for this or to be taken to the kind of place that mirage himself would have wanted, which is basically a hindu temple for this or to have a degree of respect to be treated with respect and for that piece to come the um, so i've just made these a to follow indians who i'll, i spoke to about this cause, you know, they're just happy to be there is that the are, the fact that they are seeing should, are best appreciated by being at the british museum not being put on to see a lot of stuff here, but you know, especially coming back 0 from so that's how to do so. i have for him and he's coming from because i learned more here to both of them posing a board lower. she why they more i would so yeah, go on. that's one of the items and sewer. um it,

that's an advantage of. it's debbie just coming year with the builder. yeah. but i think it's just a lack of awareness. it is not just about a to to stake viewing of the artifact is actually about history is actually about the rightful ownership of each artifact. and this is, i believe, be in india, give me one minute. okay. what i would recommend is lady you send data heritage to india and i can get an d, they'll be more iphones times the british museum. the world needs to understand that history belongs to its geography. when people talk, offer eminence of british colonialism for leading positive like i think we have to be fair and balanced. and talk about british colonialism. you know what it left

back is. do you go out to ask, i mean, you should speaking person on went to school educated and they would give you 10 reasons why the picture showed was good. funny takes time to show them to, to let's say, if i call you my neighbors my, that my neighbors mother is more beautiful than my mother. so i caught calling her mom because she's more beautiful than mine. mother. the dish from left us still a cottage should, in blaine worship, is actually putting your forwarding in somebody else's hands and are loving dental control. you so this misuse should stop the i'm speaking to you in english and i've been, i've learned that as my 1st language in school in my growing up years and later on, it's safe as an acknowledgement of the fact that they've been colonized the fact

that many indians cannot even, you know, probably speak probably quickly and then what is in the language is, in the reason the language is they don't mother tongues. he's an acknowledgement of the button. he says the fact of colonialism is gene is quite, inexplicably come into the indian. uh, you know, dna today seems to be honest with you, as i said, be a 5000 years old. if you look at our history bridge and probably use the last 200 years. but if you take 5000 meals into account, almost every part of the world has visited india. so i think not only that would be a gene of the, of the english people over here. but i think the whole world comes i would, i would ask this nation to remember that history and does tell your own narrative yourselves don't to be dependent on foreign historians to tell you who you are. and what you did in yesterday is um, is reborn. there's, there's

a new energy, there's a new, there's a new buyer, and i see a feed around me. and i don't think, daniel, as a boy actually says this, this change, and it's a huge shift. we are a young nation of young people who have a lot of energy. so yes, they're going to make a difference the, the impact brooks, many emissaries. they would, the treatise who came to plunder and understand says with the goal doesn't do. others came to a further challenge of a new civilization and no printing due to the wonders of the west. in time, the computers were touched by the grand jeter, india, and the concord in return the .

the moon shone seemed wrong. just to save house because the advocates and engagement equals the trail. when so many find themselves will depart, we choose to look for the common ground. the take a fresh look around is life kaleidoscopic. isn't just a shifted reality distortion by tell us to vision with no real opinions. pictures designed to simplify will confuse who really wants

a better wills and is it just because it shows you few fractured images present? it is. but can you see through their illusion going underground? can the the hello, i'm manila chan you are tuned into modus operandi. tonight will cruise over to the pacific rim, while much of the world has of eyes on ukraine. the us department of defense and washington political leaks have already shifted their gaze farther east. taiwan, australia, the philippines, the solomon islands. washington is island hopping, and we'll tell you why. next. all right, let's get into the m o. the, they told you flat out that their focus is shifting to the pacific. remember when

president joe biden said this, are you willing to get involved militarily to defend taiwan? if it comes to that? yes, you are. that's a commitment. we may, we may, we are not look, here's the situation. if we agree with the one china policy we signed on to all the attendance agreements made from there. but the idea that that can be taken by force is taken by force is just not. it's just not appropriate to dislocate the entire region and be another action similar to what happened in your, in ukraine. that was bite and back in 2022, while on his 1st trip to asia as poetess during a press conference in japan with his counterpart from york, you should up. and while washington keeps saying it observes the one china policy,

their actions tell you another story. look at nancy pelosi is visit to taiwan just before she step down as speaker of the house are technically the 3rd in line to the presidency. as they say, talk is cheap, the chinese notice, so they're taking action across the pacific region. they've expanded their new belt and road initiative to include maritime deals, which will increase trade partnerships throughout much of the pacific rim. so we're here to break it all down for us is an expert in us china relations. he has lived and worked in mainland china on and off since the 1980s, a dr. attendant hammond, professor of history at new mexico state university. he's also the former director of the confucius institute and officer of the new book. china is revolution and the quest for a socialist future. dr. hammond, thank you so much for joining us today. uh, 1st question. in the pacific region,

there is really only one major country that is considered western. that's australia, sorry, new zealand. but we saw increase tensions between the chinese and ozzy's under the morrison government. but now the labor has one down under anthony albany, is making moves to saw the icing relations between his country and china. with the elephant in the room for albany. c is the us between the new bite and august packed the quad security alliance. the ozzy's could be ham strong from getting too close to beijing. how do you read australia is fine line they're walking as well. i think that sits there caught you in a sort of historical conundrum in some ways because of course, australia has a long history of, you know, as a, as a white settler colony. it has been

a participant in, in the british imperial system. and then, you know, after even after its independence, it has remain very closely tied to britain that, that varies from administration to administration. but i think that labor finds itself in a, in a situation where they're, the reality of the world, of course, is that asia and, and within asia, china is increasingly important in terms of, of australia's international trade. of, you know, china is, is becoming much more significant, much more carrying a lot more wage. and so i think that there's, there's a need, this sort of legacy of identification with, with the west, with the british empire. and then later was the united states. but the, the evolving realities, the emerging realities are that australia is future, is probably going to be shaped more by its relationship with china. so i think that

the easiest heck, uh, navigate this very carefully. i think that it's a welcome situation now for us to tell you to be backing away from some of the more overt antagonism and some of the deeper engagement with america's and you know, imperial ambitions. but i think he also is probably keeping one eye, at least on, on the, the, the recollection of what happened with a gulf with love and a previous labor government that was essentially taken out by the united states for being too progressive at home. and given the focus that the united states has on, on the opposing china, now, he has to be careful not to become too friendly to china. and you know, at the risk of provoking some sort of either overt or clandestine intervention by the united states. that could, the challenge is, is political liability. now, despite ozzie m p's calling this fall with china, quote, a stabilization of ties rather than

a reset. trade between these 2 states had been booming since their w t o spat over barley tariffs that the chinese impose during the pandemic as early as exports to china surge to record highs back in this march accounting for 12.7. $1000000000.00 us dollars. that's up 31 percent from the year before. the chinese have purchased huge volumes of iron or, and coal from australia, lifting their ban on ozzy coal earlier this year. now some of the west are suspicious of beijing's new purchases from kind of our a choosing china of sort of buying their way into diplomacy. what do you say to that as well? i, i think that that's, that's a, that's a pretty self serving interpretation. i mean, really what's, what's going on in the, in the world as a whole is that there's, there's this sort of deep structural reconfiguration of the global economy taking place. that, that the, the monopoly that was held by the,

the sort of north atlantics core, western europe and north america. since the industrial revolution, you know, on, on the modern technologies of production that will allow them to reconfigure the world in a way that was focused on them and subordinated everybody else to be either sources of raw materials or markets for manufactured goods. that areas is over, you know, the to productive technology is a bit diffused around the world and in various ways. and countries like china, but not only china are now not only a sort of catching up with, with modern production from the west, but innovating and creating new technologies on their own. and so we're, we've moved beyond that period, the not just a period of western colonialism and west and pivot imperialism, but the domination of the economy by those core countries in, in the west. so that's just, that's just

a deep changing reality. and what that means is that trade with china, for a country like australia, which has, you know, the commodities that, that china needs and once and, and has things that it wants to buy from china. this is just a logical development. and for that to be a growing component of australia as economy, australia is international trade. it is just common sense. and so to look at it sort of cynically and say, oh, the chinese arriving yesterday. and that's, that's really just so it's simply a manifestation of the changing realities of a now emergent multi polar world, where the united states and it's, it's allies in, in western gear are no longer the dominant center, you know, but it's, it's, it's something that they're not happy about the, the americans and their, their, their allies. but this is, this is just the change that's, that's going to take place. this is going to continue to one fold as, as the years and decades from now go forward and scale your i think will do best

for itself. if it tries to, to pursue a path that allows it to, to, to profit in a sense from that change, you know, find is old position with in this new multi polar world. rather than just tying its fortunes to, you know, the continuing dominance of the united states to another battle ground in the pacific is the tiny, solomon islands. australia is their closest mainland neighbour nearly a 1000 miles away. but some on that island are asking them to intervene. as a chinese state owned company is negotiating right now a deal to buy a deep water c port and a world war 2 error strip from coney era. china is already the islands main revenue source with 90 percent of extractive resources going to be j. despite assurance as by the prime minister, manasseh, so avari that china will not quote, have any military bases on the island. there's still a lot of distrust there, especially given that the solomon islands

a band in their 36 year support for taiwan in favor of beijing. the us has recently reopened their embassy, their to boot. so why are there so many eyes on the solomon islands right now? well, i think that the shifting situation in, in the pacific region is, is, it's, it's a, it's a story that's developing. it's a very dynamic situation right now. the solomon islands, not i think because of, of some particular circumstance in their location or anything like that. but because they have been kind of at the forefront of, of, of, of recognizing this changing world that we were just talking about. you know, i think that that for them to shift to their, their diplomatic recognition from ty bay to aging, it's just a logical step again in adapting to the emerging realities of, of the 21st century. i think it's a very pragmatic step. i don't think that the,

the government at the solomon islands is particularly illogically oriented one way or another between the united states and, and china. but i think that they're, they're looking at the economics of their country. they're looking at a very challenging future with, with global warming and rising sea levels and all this, they have many things they're gonna have to be dealing with. and i think the idea that, that, you know, that china is somehow looking to establish some sort of military base in, in the solomon islands is, is, again, it's, it's an example of the kind of projection that, that western, especially american politicians, any leads you know, do with china, that of course, united states has hundreds of bases and countries all around the world, including all over the pacific. china has one military installation outside of its own borders, and that's in booty in east africa. and it's part of the united nations anti piracy

initiative. it's located exactly next door to an american base. that at least in part, is, is involved in the same operation. so that's trying to is one military establishment outside of its own borders. but where ever they're involved in a lot of these development projects and especially when see ports are involved. we hear this about sri lanka. we hear this about cambodia. we're here this about various african countries. the immediate suspicion is, oh, they're going to be establishing, you know, military bases, but there is no history of trying to doing that. china is one great venture in, in, in maritime exploration and all that way back in the early, 15 century didn't involve taking over other countries or setting up colonies or anything like that. it was simply sort of a diplomatic, uh, flag waving, you know, here we are kind of kind of series of expeditions. so, you know, i think that,